阅读说明：本技术 牛仔布镭射染色工艺 (Denim laser dyeing process ) 是由 刘义 刘正端 周传军 于 2019-10-14 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种牛仔布镭射染色工艺,其通过含烧碱的丝光槽,经挤压后去掉过量液体,然后通过一系列冷金属烘筒,并通过一定张力拉伸使溶液有时间吸收进纤维。被棉吸收的烧碱引起大量羟基酸性离解。棉纤维内部离子部位的浓度比外部离子部位的浓度高。随水因渗透被吸收和纤维溶胀,在纤维内形成相当高的压力,失去天然卷曲性。将碱洗掉以后,便不发生收缩,纤维有更圆的截面和随之较高的光泽。经丝光的棉可吸收较多的染料并显示较高的染色速率。以上工艺获得的纤维截面增大和更圆,光泽增加；染料吸收降低,染料消耗减少30～50%；缩水率降低,尺寸稳定性提高；可有效的解决牛仔布染色过程中的污染问题。(The invention discloses a denim laser dyeing process, which comprises the steps of extruding through a mercerizing tank containing caustic soda, removing excessive liquid, then passing through a series of cold metal drying cylinders, and stretching under certain tension to enable the solution to have time to absorb into fibers. The caustic soda absorbed by the cotton causes a large amount of hydroxyl acid dissociation. The concentration of the ionic sites inside the cotton fibers is higher than the concentration of the ionic sites outside. As water is absorbed by the penetration and the fibers swell, considerable pressure is built up within the fibers, losing their natural crimp. After the alkali is washed away, no shrinkage occurs and the fibers have a more rounded cross-section and consequently a higher gloss. Mercerized cotton can absorb more dye and exhibit higher dyeing rates. The fiber obtained by the process has enlarged and rounder cross section and increased luster; the dye absorption is reduced, and the dye consumption is reduced by 30-50%; the shrinkage rate is reduced, and the dimensional stability is improved; the pollution problem in the denim dyeing process can be effectively solved.)

1. A denim laser dyeing process is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) preparing a mercerizing solvent, adopting 200-300 g/L of caustic soda, 1-5 g/L of mercerizing penetrating agent and 15-45 ℃ of temperature, and uniformly mixing the substances for later use;

(2) preparing a sulfur black solvent: pre-reduction sulfur black 180-300 g/L, caustic soda 30-50 g/L, chelating agent 1-5 g/L, penetrating agent 0.5-1.5 g/L, sodium sulfite 10-16 g/L and temperature requirement: uniformly mixing the substances at 60-80 ℃ for later use;

(3) spinning process

In the spinning process, the drafting gauge of the rear area of the spinning machine is properly enlarged, the nip is slightly smaller on the principle that hard ends cannot be produced, the selection of the steel wire ring can be neither too light nor too heavy, and the model of the imported EL 6/0 is used;

the spun yarn has the main processing parameters:

where 392 is the set value for the common twist multiplier; 411-430 is the numerical limit for high twist multiplier;

(4) dyeing process

The specific process steps are as follows: carrying out sheet yarn and mercerization, wherein the treatment temperature is as follows: 15-45 ℃ and the treatment time is 33-38 seconds;

performing compression roller extrusion and mercerizing drying cylinder stretching operation at room temperature for 75-81 seconds, and performing water washing at room temperature after the operation is finished for 24-27 seconds;

coloring by using the dyeing assistant obtained in the step (2), wherein the specific process of the coloring step is specifically summarized; washing with water; dyeing; thirdly, washing with water; fourthly, soaping; washing with water; sixthly, washing with water; seventhly, washing with water; eighthly, drying;

washing with water: the soaking temperature is as follows: at 40-60 ℃, soaking time: 20-30 seconds;

dyeing: the soaking temperature is as follows: 60-80 ℃, soaking time: 20-40 seconds;

washing with water: the soaking temperature is as follows: 50-70 ℃, soaking time: 20-40 seconds;

and fourthly, soaping: the soaking temperature is as follows: 70-90 ℃, soaking time: 20-40 seconds;

washing with water: the soaking temperature is as follows: at 40-70 ℃, soaking time: 20-40 seconds;

sixthly, washing with water: the soaking temperature is as follows: 60-80 ℃, soaking time: 20-40 seconds;

and (c) water washing: the soaking temperature is as follows: at 40-70 ℃, soaking time: 20-40 seconds;

drying: drying at 135-145 ℃ for 110-130 seconds;

(5) laser decoloring process

The fabric is fixed, and a laser machine is adopted to walk on a dyeing part to realize laser washing.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of dyeing, in particular to a denim laser dyeing process.

Background

In the textile field, in order to increase the cloth cover effect of denim, the cloth treatment method commonly used at present is to perform cloth cover treatment by removing dye through a local chemical process, or to realize the distressing treatment of the cloth cover through processes such as frosting and water washing, so as to realize the required effect of the cloth cover, but the prior several methods have great pollution during implementation, and the pollution can cause certain influence on the environment.

Laser numerical control laser engraving is laser equipment connected with laser engraving software, automatic engraving is realized through drawing input, dye on the surface of denim fabric is vaporized through numerical control laser irradiation, and thus, fadeless image patterns are manufactured on various denim fabrics; the local dye removing mode has no pollution to human bodies and environment, and has a wide popularization prospect in the textile industry at present.

However, when the existing production process is implemented by the laser technology, clear gradual-change patterns, virtual bamboo joints and weave patterns cannot be achieved, and along with the improvement of product quality requirements of downstream manufacturers and consumers, the existing production process needs to be improved so as to meet the current technical requirements.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings in the prior art, the present invention provides a denim laser dyeing process, which can solve the drawbacks of the prior art.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:

the method comprises the steps of preparing a mercerizing solvent, uniformly mixing 200-300 g/L of caustic soda, 1-5 g/L of mercerizing penetrant and 15-45 ℃ for later use;

preparing a sulfur black solvent: pre-reduction sulfur black 180-300 g/L, caustic soda 30-50 g/L, chelating agent 1-5 g/L, penetrating agent 0.5-1.5 g/L, sodium sulfite 10-16 g/L and temperature requirement: uniformly mixing the substances at 60-80 ℃ for later use;

the step of fine spinning

In the spinning process, the drafting gauge of the rear area of the spinning machine is properly enlarged, the nip is slightly smaller on the principle that hard ends cannot be produced, the selection of the steel wire ring can be neither too light nor too heavy, and the model of the imported EL 6/0 is used;

the spun yarn has the main processing parameters:

fourth dyeing process

The specific process steps are as follows: carrying out sheet yarn and mercerization, wherein the treatment temperature is as follows: 15-45 ℃ and the treatment time is 33-38 seconds;

performing compression roller extrusion and mercerizing drying cylinder stretching operation at room temperature for 75-81 seconds, and performing water washing at room temperature after the operation is finished for 24-27 seconds;

the dyeing auxiliary obtained in the step II is adopted for coloring treatment, and the specific process of the coloring step is specifically summarized; washing with water; dyeing; thirdly, washing with water; fourthly, soaping; washing with water; sixthly, washing with water; seventhly, washing with water; eighthly, drying;

washing with water: the soaking temperature is as follows: at 40-60 ℃, soaking time: 20-30 seconds;

dyeing: the soaking temperature is as follows: 60-80 ℃, soaking time: 20-40 seconds;

washing with water: the soaking temperature is as follows: 50-70 ℃, soaking time: 20-40 seconds;

and fourthly, soaping: the soaking temperature is as follows: 70-90 ℃, soaking time: 20-40 seconds;

washing with water: the soaking temperature is as follows: at 40-70 ℃, soaking time: 20-40 seconds;

sixthly, washing with water: the soaking temperature is as follows: 60-80 ℃, soaking time: 20-40 seconds;

and (c) water washing: the soaking temperature is as follows: at 40-70 ℃, soaking time: 20-40 seconds;

drying: drying at 135-145 ℃ for 110-130 seconds;

laser decoloring process

The fabric is fixed, and a laser machine is adopted to walk on a dyeing part to realize laser washing.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: through the above process, the present invention has the following beneficial effects in the production process and the obtained product, and the characteristics are described as follows:

during the processing, excess liquid is removed after extrusion through a mercerizing tank containing caustic soda, and then the fiber is passed through a series of cold metal drying cylinders and stretched by certain tension to ensure that the solution has time to absorb into the fiber. The caustic soda absorbed by the cotton causes a large amount of hydroxyl acid dissociation. The concentration of the ionic sites inside the cotton fibers is higher than the concentration of the ionic sites outside. As water is absorbed by the penetration and the fibers swell, considerable pressure is built up within the fibers, losing their natural crimp. After the alkali is washed away, no shrinkage occurs and the fibers have a more rounded cross-section and consequently a higher gloss. Mercerized cotton can absorb more dye and exhibit higher dyeing rates. The more uniform the swelling, the more light the fiber absorbs and the less glitter so that a given amount of dye produces a darker shade than conventional. The method has great significance for the expensive dye, can reduce the dye consumption in a certain range and does not reduce the dyeing effect. In addition, in the mercerization process, the swelling of the immature fibers with thin secondary walls leads to the improvement of the dyeing absorption performance, the color depth is close to that of normal fibers, and therefore, lighter neps are not obvious after dyeing; the effect of the inventive solution on the dyeing properties and the change in mechanical properties can be summarized as a result of the swelling of the fibers and the change in the crystalline structure of the cellulose, resulting in a more open accessible tissue.

The cross section of the fiber is enlarged and more round, and the luster is increased;

the dye absorption is reduced, and the dye consumption is reduced by 30-50%;

the shrinkage rate is reduced and the dimensional stability is improved.

Secondly, the yarn becomes compact and strong, the elasticity is improved, the hand feeling is plump, and the standard moisture regain is improved from 6 percent to 10 percent.

And thirdly, by the process, the pollution problem in the denim dyeing process can be effectively solved.

Detailed Description

The present invention is described in detail below, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification.

The invention adopts 5-16 warps to spin high-twist yarns (metric twist coefficient 411-;

preparing a mercerizing solvent, namely adopting 225 g/L of sodium hydroxide, 2 g/L of mercerizing penetrant and 30 ℃ of temperature, and uniformly mixing the substances with water for later use;

preparing a sulfur black solvent: adopting pre-reduction sulfur black 200 g/L, caustic soda 30 g/L, chelating agent 3 g/L, penetrating agent 1 g/L, sodium sulfite 15 g/L, temperature requirement: uniformly mixing the substances with water at 70 ℃ for later use;

the step of fine spinning

The spun yarn uses a Lida G32 type spinning machine, the drafting gauge of the back area of the spinning machine is properly enlarged, the nip is smaller on the principle that the hard head can not be produced, the selection of the traveler can not be too light or too heavy, and the imported EL 6/0 model is used;

main operating parameters of spun yarn

Fourth dyeing process

The specific process steps are as follows: carrying out sheet yarn and mercerization, wherein the treatment temperature is as follows: 30 ℃ and the treatment time is 35 seconds;

performing compression roller extrusion and mercerizing drying cylinder stretching operation at room temperature for 80 seconds, and performing water washing at room temperature after the operation is finished for 25 seconds;

the dyeing auxiliary obtained in the step II is adopted for coloring treatment, and the specific process of the coloring step is specifically summarized; washing with water; dyeing; thirdly, washing with water; fourthly, soaping; washing with water; sixthly, washing with water; seventhly, washing with water; eighthly, drying;

washing with water: the soaking temperature is as follows: 50 ℃, soaking time: 25 seconds;

dyeing: the soaking temperature is as follows: 70 ℃, soaking time: 30 seconds;

washing with water: the soaking temperature is as follows: 60 ℃, soaking time: 30 seconds;

and fourthly, soaping: the soaking temperature is as follows: 80 ℃, soaking time: 30 seconds;

washing with water: the soaking temperature is as follows: 60 ℃, soaking time: 30 seconds;

sixthly, washing with water: the soaking temperature is as follows: 70 ℃, soaking time: 30 seconds;

and (c) water washing: the soaking temperature is as follows: 60 ℃, soaking time: 30 seconds;

drying: drying at 140 ℃ for 120 seconds;

laser decoloring process

The fabric is fixed, and a laser machine is adopted to walk on a dyeing part to realize laser washing.

The principle of the laser water washing is that a computer is used for accurately controlling laser beams to carry out high-temperature etching on the surface of the fabric, yarns at the etched part are ablated, and dyes are decomposed and gasified, so that patterns or a specific water washing finishing effect is generated. For example, when the laser beam is passed over the jeans, the finishing process for a pair of jeans is substantially complete and the subsequent steps require only ordinary water washing to remove surface discoloration. The technology makes the traditional finishing processing technology of the jeans revolutionary breakthrough: chemical products such as sand blasting and strong oxidant which are harmful to the body of workers are not needed, excessive scraping is not needed, and the health of the workers is protected; and a large amount of water resources are saved by dry processing.

The laser machine adopts Jeanologia GFK FLEXl 3e denim laser after-finishing equipment.

In recent years, energy conservation and emission reduction work in the printing and dyeing industry has achieved certain success, but increasingly tightened environmental protection policies and enforced energy conservation indexes enable many printing and dyeing enterprises to catch the turn, and technology upgrading is an important means for the enterprises to deal with the dilemma. As one of the important carriers of new technologies, the upgrading and upgrading process of dyeing and finishing equipment is also focusing on the integration of high and new technologies and the energy saving and emission reduction requirements of the printing and dyeing industry, which are obviously rooted in the design and positioning of new equipment. Especially for the link of high waste discharge of the washing of the jeans, the space for realizing clean production is large. With the popularization of high and new technologies such as laser technology in the field of washing the jeans, the jeans washing industry must get rid of the bottleneck of pollution discharge and meet new development opportunities.