阅读说明：本技术 一种无磷液体代用碱及制备方法 (Non-phosphorus liquid substitute alkali and preparation method thereof ) 是由 黄钢 徐鸿丹 赖百文 吕润敏 李峥嵘 于 2019-09-18 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明实施例提供了一种无磷液体代用碱及制备方法,该无磷液体代用碱通过适当比例的供碱剂、缓冲剂和水进行复配,解决了目前单独使用碳酸钠所存在的问题,得到了一种得色量高、色光稳定、使用方便的无磷液体代用碱,克服了传统纯碱固色存在的问题,该无磷液体代用碱,用量仅为纯碱用量的10～20％,用量少,相比于其它固体代用碱,加料更加方便,该无磷液体代用碱溶解度也更高,染色后布面上的碱剂容易清洗去除,水洗耗水量更少,不含磷,不会造成水体富营养化。(The embodiment of the invention provides a phosphorus-free liquid substitute alkali and a preparation method thereof, the phosphorus-free liquid substitute alkali is compounded by an alkali supply agent, a buffering agent and water in a proper proportion, the problems existing in the existing method of singly using sodium carbonate are solved, the phosphorus-free liquid substitute alkali with high color yield, stable color and convenient use is obtained, the problems existing in the traditional soda color fixation are overcome, the phosphorus-free liquid substitute alkali is only 10-20% of the consumption of soda, the consumption is low, compared with other solid substitute alkalis, the charging is more convenient, the solubility of the phosphorus-free liquid substitute alkali is also higher, the alkali agent on the cloth surface after dyeing is easy to clean and remove, the water washing water consumption is less, phosphorus is not contained, and water eutrophication cannot be caused.)

1. A phosphorus-free liquid substitute alkali is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight:

alkali supply agent: 20 to 100 parts of (a) a water-soluble polymer,

buffering agent: 5 to 15 parts of (A) a water-soluble polymer,

water: 5 to 100 parts of a water-soluble polymer,

the alkali supply agent is a mixture of sodium carbonate, sodium hydroxide and potassium carbonate, and the buffering agent is sodium gluconate.

2. The phosphorus-free liquid substitute alkali according to claim 1, wherein in the alkali supply agent, the mass ratio of sodium carbonate, sodium hydroxide and potassium carbonate is (45-50): (5-10): (15-30).

3. The phosphorus-free liquid surrogate base according to claim 2, wherein the alkali supply agent comprises sodium carbonate, sodium hydroxide and potassium carbonate in a mass ratio of 50: 6: 30.

4. the phosphorus-free liquid surrogate base of claim 1, wherein the buffer further comprises NaH₂C₅HO₇-Na₂HC₆H₅O₇And KHC₈H₄O₄-K₂C₈H₄O₄At least one of (1).

5. The method for preparing the phosphorus-free liquid surrogate base according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: and weighing the alkali supply agent, the buffering agent and the water according to the proportion, and uniformly mixing to obtain the liquid substitute alkali.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of dyeing and finishing, and particularly relates to a phosphorus-free liquid substitute alkali and a preparation method thereof.

Background

The reactive dye is also called reactive dye, is a novel water-soluble dye appearing in the 50 th century, contains active groups capable of reacting with hydroxyl in cellulose and amino in protein fiber in molecules, and generates covalent bonds with the fiber during dyeing. The reactive dye has the characteristics of bright color, good leveling property, simple and convenient dyeing method, high dyeing fastness, complete chromatogram, lower cost and the like, and is mainly applied to dyeing and printing of fibers such as cotton, hemp, viscose, silk, wool and the like and blended fabrics thereof.

The dyeing process of the reactive dye comprises two stages of dyeing and alkali color fixing, wherein electrolyte is required to be added for accelerating dyeing during dyeing, and an alkali agent is required to be added for reaction between the dye and fibers during color fixing. The traditional reactive dye fixation method is that after the dye dyes the fiber, a large amount of alkali (usually soda ash) is added to make the dye generate covalent bonding with hydroxyl on the cellulose fiber under the alkaline condition. The soda ash is strong base weak acid salt, the alkalinity of the water solution is mild, the pH value fluctuation is not large in a wide concentration range, and the soda ash is suitable for being used as a color fixing alkaline agent in reactive dye dyeing. Although the fixation effect of the soda ash is good, the following defects exist: (1) the consumption of the soda ash is large, the maximum consumption of a dip dyeing method reaches 25-40 g/L, the consumption of a pad dyeing method reaches 35-45 g/L, and after color fixation is finished, the soda ash enters the wastewater, so that the pollution degree of the wastewater is greatly increased, and the wastewater treatment load and cost are increased; (2) soda ash is used as an alkaline agent, and alkaline spots are easily caused due to incomplete material melting; (3) when alkali is added into a dye bath, hard stone-alkali blocks or crystal particles are easily formed, so that fabric is scratched by a light person, a pipeline is blocked by a heavy person, and even a circulating pump is damaged; (4) the sodium carbonate is remained on the fabric after dyeing and is extremely difficult to wash, a large amount of water is needed for cleaning, the water consumption is large, and the subsequent processes of applying a color fixing agent, a softening agent and the like can cause diseases and defects due to incomplete cleaning.

In order to overcome the defects of the traditional soda color fixing process, substitute soda is developed. The substitute base is a mixed base and is a buffer system consisting of various alkaline agents and buffers. There are generally both solids and liquids. The existing substitute bases include substitute base EH, substitute base SA and the like. Among them, the substitute alkali EH can be used in place of soda ash, but its amount is strictly controlled to prevent color change. Although the color fixing effect of the substitute alkali SA is basically equivalent to that of soda ash, the substitute alkali SA is more suitable for fixing the dye with reactive yellow than reactive blue and reactive red in the DS series reactive dye. Generally speaking, the color fixing rate of the existing substitute alkali on partial dyes is low, the deviation of the colored light of dyed fabrics and the colored light of the fabrics fixed by soda is large, and partial products contain phosphorus-containing buffers which can cause water eutrophication.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art. Therefore, the invention provides a phosphorus-free liquid substitute alkali, which overcomes the problems of the traditional soda ash color fixation.

The invention also provides a preparation method of the phosphorus-free liquid substitute alkali.

According to the first aspect of the invention, the phosphorus-free liquid substitute alkali comprises the following components in parts by weight:

alkali supply agent: 20 to 100 parts of (a) a water-soluble polymer,

buffering agent: 5 to 15 parts of (A) a water-soluble polymer,

water: 5 to 100 parts of a water-soluble polymer,

the alkali supply agent is a mixture of sodium carbonate, sodium hydroxide and potassium carbonate, and the buffering agent is sodium gluconate.

The phosphorus-free liquid substitute alkali according to the embodiment of the invention has at least the following technical effects:

the phosphorus-free liquid substitute alkali with high color yield, stable color light and convenient use is obtained by compounding the alkali supply agent, the buffering agent and the water in a proper proportion, and the problems of the traditional soda color fixation are solved. The liquid substitutes alkali, the dosage is only 10-20% of the dosage of the soda ash, and the dosage is small; compared with other solid alkali substitutes, the liquid alkali substitutes are more convenient to feed; the liquid has high solubility by replacing alkali, the alkali agent on the cloth surface after dyeing is easy to clean and remove, and the water consumption for washing is less; the liquid substitute alkali does not contain phosphorus, and does not cause water eutrophication.

In the non-phosphorus liquid substitute alkali, the alkali supply agent is a mixture of sodium carbonate, sodium hydroxide and potassium carbonate, and the sodium carbonate, the sodium hydroxide and the potassium carbonate in the alkali supply agent need to exist simultaneously. If only sodium hydroxide is contained in the alkali supply agent, the pH variation of a buffer system formed by the sodium hydroxide and the sodium gluconate is large due to strong alkalinity of the sodium hydroxide; if only sodium hydroxide and sodium carbonate are contained in the alkali supply agent, the dosage of the sodium hydroxide needs to be increased in order to ensure alkalinity, which causes the reduction of the buffering capacity of the sodium gluconate; if only sodium hydroxide and potassium carbonate are contained in the alkali supply agent, the dosage of sodium hydroxide needs to be increased in order to ensure alkalinity, which also causes the reduction of the buffering capacity of sodium gluconate; if only sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate are present in the alkaline supply, this leads to insufficient alkalinity. Therefore, sodium carbonate, sodium hydroxide and potassium carbonate in the alkali-supplying agent need to be present simultaneously.

According to the fixation mechanism of the reactive dye soda ash, the alkali fixing agent as the reactive dye must have the following three conditions: (1) the reactive dye and the cellulose fiber can carry out nucleophilic substitution or elimination reaction; (2) the pH value of the dye liquor is in the optimal pH value range for dyeing by the reactive dye; (3) excellent buffering capacity and stability. Thus, the surrogate base is typically composed of a base donor component, a buffer adjusting component, and an additive.

According to some embodiments of the invention, in the alkali supply agent, the mass ratio of sodium carbonate, sodium hydroxide and potassium carbonate is (45-50): (5-10): (15-30).

The main function of the alkali supply agent is to provide alkalinity required by the fixation of the reactive dye, so that the dye and the fiber can fully react to form a stable covalent bond. The sodium carbonate, sodium hydroxide and potassium carbonate in the mass ratio range can provide higher alkalinity under the condition of less using amount.

According to some embodiments of the invention, in the alkali-supplying agent, the mass ratio of sodium carbonate, sodium hydroxide and potassium carbonate is 50: 6: 30.

according to some embodiments of the invention, the buffer further comprises NaH₂C₅HO₇-Na₂HC₆H₅O₇And KHC₈H₄O₄-K₂C₈H₄O₄At least one of (1).

The buffer component has the main function of enabling alkali to have enough buffering capacity, so that the reaction of the dye and the fiber can be slowly carried out, the dye is prevented from being hydrolyzed due to over-strong alkalinity, the dye can be uniformly fixed on the fiber, and a better dyeing effect is achieved.

The sodium gluconate in the embodiment of the invention has the function of a chelating agent besides the function of a buffering agent. Color and luster during dyeingCa in dye baths is often affected by the presence of hard water and metal ions²⁺、Mg²⁺、Cu²⁺、Fe³⁺、Al³⁺The metal ions cause the dye to precipitate or discolor, and for this purpose, a chelating agent is added. The addition of the chelating agent can prevent the action of the chelating agent, complex some metal ions and impurities in the dye liquor, form a stable complex, reduce the association of the dye and avoid the generation of defects such as color spots and the like. The chelating agent has the functions of dispersing, complexing and electrostatic repulsion, can promote the dissolution of the dye, improve the diffusion rate of the dye and ensure that the dye is fully and uniformly diffused in a shorter time, thereby promoting the dye to dye fibers and indirectly playing a role in level dyeing.

A method of preparing a liquid surrogate base according to an embodiment of the second aspect of the invention, the method comprising: and weighing the alkali supply agent, the buffering agent and the water according to the proportion, and uniformly mixing to obtain the liquid substitute alkali.

The preparation method of the liquid substituted alkali according to the embodiment of the invention has at least the following technical effects:

the preparation method has simple process and low requirements on equipment and process.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a graph of a dyeing process.

Detailed Description

The following are specific examples of the present invention, and the technical solutions of the present invention will be further described with reference to the examples, but the present invention is not limited to the examples.