阅读说明：本技术 一种干燥系统及其工作方法 (Drying system and working method thereof ) 是由 邹岳明 邹宁轶 邹家铭 邹玉杰 于 2019-10-15 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种干燥系统及其工作方法,用于对磷泥、渣中的磷的蒸发收集,氧化钙或氯化钙,苯甲酰氯的残液处理,化工成品干燥,三废综合回收处理和城市污泥烘干等。其干燥主机包括：罩体、设于罩体中的多层上下同轴的环形腔体；相邻环形腔体之间的腔间间隙通过落料通道相连通；多层的环形腔体整体设于一热源上方；各腔间间隙中设有吸管,吸管的入口与腔间间隙的内侧端相邻,吸管的出口与一立管相连通,该立管通过一抽吸机与热源相连通。工作时,热介质沿环形腔体与罩体内壁的间隙向上,同时在所述抽吸机的作用下,各吸管吸热介质,使得热介质进入各腔间间隙并与各环形腔体的侧壁换热,热介质依次经各吸管、立管、抽吸机回到热源。(The invention relates to a drying system and a working method thereof, which are used for evaporating and collecting phosphorus in phosphorus mud and slag, treating residual liquid of calcium oxide or calcium chloride and benzoyl chloride, drying chemical finished products, comprehensively recovering three wastes, drying municipal sludge and the like. Its drying host computer includes: the mask comprises a mask body and a plurality of layers of annular cavities which are coaxial up and down and are arranged in the mask body; the gaps between the adjacent annular cavities are communicated through a blanking channel; the multilayer annular cavity is integrally arranged above a heat source; suction pipes are arranged in the gaps among the cavities, the inlets of the suction pipes are adjacent to the inner side ends of the gaps among the cavities, the outlets of the suction pipes are communicated with a vertical pipe, and the vertical pipe is communicated with a heat source through a suction machine. When the heat exchanger works, the heat medium moves upwards along the gap between the annular cavity and the inner wall of the cover body, and simultaneously, under the action of the suction machine, the heat medium is absorbed by the suction pipes, so that the heat medium enters the gap between the cavities and exchanges heat with the side walls of the annular cavities, and the heat medium returns to a heat source through the suction pipes, the vertical pipes and the suction machine in sequence.)

1. A drying system comprises a drying main machine, wherein the drying main machine comprises: the mask comprises a mask body and a plurality of layers of annular cavities which are coaxially arranged up and down and are arranged in the mask body;

an inter-cavity gap is formed between every two adjacent annular cavities and communicated with each other through a blanking channel;

the multilayer annular cavity is integrally arranged above a heat source; it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

suction pipes are arranged in the gaps among the cavities, the inlets of the suction pipes are adjacent to the inner side ends of the gaps among the cavities, the outlets of the suction pipes are communicated with a vertical pipe, and the vertical pipe is communicated with the inlet of a suction machine.

2. The drying system of claim 1, wherein: the annular cavity includes: the upper ring and the lower ring are connected with the side wall on the periphery of the upper ring and the lower ring in a sealing way;

the lower rings of the two adjacent annular cavities are in upper-lower sealing fit with the inner rings of the upper rings, and the blanking channel is arranged between the lower rings and the upper rings of the two adjacent annular cavities;

the outlet of the suction machine is communicated with the heat source;

when the heat exchanger works, the heat source heats a heat exchange medium, the formed heat medium is upward along the gap between the multilayer annular cavity and the inner wall of the cover body, and simultaneously, the suction pipes suck the heat medium under the action of the suction machine, so that the heat medium enters the gap between the cavities and exchanges heat with the upper ring and the lower ring of each annular cavity, and the heat medium returns to the heat source through each suction pipe, the vertical pipe and the suction machine in sequence.

3. The drying system of claim 2, wherein: the main rotating shaft is arranged on the central axis of the multilayer annular cavity;

a plurality of scraping plates respectively distributed in each annular cavity are fixed on the main rotating shaft; the adjacent annular cavities are connected in a sealing mode from top to bottom through the central parts of the adjacent annular cavities, a central channel is formed in the center of each annular cavity, and the main rotating shaft is arranged in the central channel.

4. The drying system of claim 3, wherein: a material inlet is arranged on the annular cavity of the top layer, and a discharge outlet is arranged at the bottom of the annular cavity of the bottom layer;

the top of the cover body is provided with: the material inlet is communicated with the material inlet of the annular cavity at the top layer, and the gas outlet is used for discharging volatile matters from each annular cavity and is connected with a gas recovery pipe;

the heat source is a combustion furnace, and an exhaust gas port for discharging exhaust gas of the combustion furnace is arranged at the top part close to the cover body; or the like, or, alternatively,

the heat source is a container filled with heat-conducting liquid, and an electric heater is arranged in the container or is connected with an external heating system through a heat exchange pipeline.

5. The drying system of claim 4, wherein: the annular cavity between the annular cavities of the top layer and the bottom layer is a middle cavity, and at least one middle cavity is provided with an exhaust channel communicated with the middle cavity;

a small rotating shaft is axially arranged in the exhaust channel, a stirring rod for loosening materials is distributed on the front section of the small rotating shaft extending into the middle cavity, a first helical blade is distributed on the rear section of the small rotating shaft, and the first helical blade retains the materials through rotation so as to prevent slurry or powder in the middle cavity from being discharged through the exhaust channel; part of gas in the middle cavity is discharged into the gas recovery pipe from the exhaust passage; and an exhaust port of the gas recovery pipe is connected with a recovery tank for recovering volatile matters after passing through the cooling spray tower.

6. The system for continuous drying of slurry or powder according to claim 4, characterized in that: and the second helical blade is suitable for conveying the slurry or powder at the middle lower part of the main rotating shaft to the middle upper part of the main rotating shaft when the main rotating shaft rotates.

7. The system for continuous drying of slurry or powder according to claim 4, characterized in that: the below of the discharge gate of the annular cavity of bottom links to each other with a screw rod discharging device's pan feeding mouth, and this screw rod discharging device includes: the screw rod is arranged in the discharge pipeline, only the front section of the screw rod is distributed with helical blades, the rear section of the screw rod is a shaft lever, a compression spring and a pressing plate are sleeved on the shaft lever, and the pressing plate is arranged at the front end of the compression spring; a discharge opening is arranged on the discharge pipeline below the compression spring, and a discharge valve is connected below the discharge opening; when the compression spring is in a natural state, the pressure plate is positioned on the front side of the discharging opening;

the rear end of the screw is connected with a motor driving device or a driving wheel.

8. Drying system according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: a plurality of reinforcing ribs which are distributed in the radial direction are distributed on the upper ring and/or the lower ring of the annular cavity at least at the top layer and the bottom layer, connecting sleeves are fixed at the outer side ends of the reinforcing ribs which are distributed in the same side in an up-down alignment manner, each connecting sleeve which is aligned in the up-down alignment manner is longitudinally movably sleeved on a connecting shaft, a spring is sleeved at the upper end and/or the lower end of the connecting shaft, and a locking nut which is positioned at the outer side end of the spring is matched at the end part;

the connecting shafts are provided with at least 3 connecting shafts which are uniformly distributed around each annular cavity.

9. Drying system according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: the feeding port at the top of the cover body is connected with a longitudinal pipe, the top end of the longitudinal pipe is communicated with a slurry conveying pump through a pipeline, the middle part of the longitudinal pipe is provided with an overflow pipe which inclines downwards, and the inlet of the conveying pump and the outlet of the overflow pipe are connected with a slurry pool.

10. A method of operating a drying system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that it comprises:

A. the heat medium heats each annular cavity;

B. inputting slurry or powder into the annular cavity at the top layer, and simultaneously rotating the main rotating shaft;

C. under the rotation action of each layer of scraping plate, the slurry or powder falls to the lower annular cavity through the blanking channel to realize layer-by-layer heat exchange and drying, and is finally discharged from the discharge port of the annular cavity at the bottom layer; and the volatile matters are evaporated layer by layer, go upwards and are output from the gas outlet and the exhaust passage, and the volatile matters are collected through a gas recovery pipe and a gas collection system in sequence.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a drying system of slurry or powder and a working method thereof, which can be applied to evaporation and collection of phosphorus in phosphorus mud and slag, treatment of calcium oxide or calcium chloride and residual liquid of benzoyl chloride, drying of chemical finished products, comprehensive recovery treatment of three wastes, drying of municipal sludge and the like.

Background

Chinese patent document CN103591780A discloses a continuous drying system for slurry or powder. It includes: the multi-layer annular cavity comprises a plurality of layers of annular cavities which are coaxially arranged up and down and a main shaft arranged on the central axis of each annular cavity; a plurality of scrapers respectively distributed in each annular cavity are fixed on the main shaft; an inter-cavity gap is formed between every two adjacent annular cavities and is connected with the annular cavities in a sealing mode through a blanking channel; the bottom of the bottom plate of each annular cavity is provided with an electric heating wire, or each annular cavity is arranged in a heating container; air deflectors are arranged in the gaps among the cavities, the outer edge of each air deflector is hermetically connected with the inner wall of the cover body, gaps are formed between the upper end surface and the lower end surface of each air deflector and the adjacent wall body of the adjacent annular cavity, and gaps are formed between the inner edge of each air deflector and the outer wall of the central channel; when the combustion furnace is adopted to heat each annular cavity, hot air generated by the combustion furnace enters the cover body from the bottom of the cover body; and then the hot air snakelike rises in the clearance between the cavities under the action of the air deflector and is finally discharged from an exhaust gas port at the top of the cover body.

The defects of the prior art are as follows: the annular cavity is heated by adopting electric heating, so that the problem of lower safety exists; when the heat conducting liquid or the combustion furnace is used for heating, the heat conducting liquid or hot air rises in a snake shape in the gaps between the cavities under the action of the air deflector, and the heat conducting liquid or the hot air is rapidly cooled in the snake-shaped rising process, so that the annular cavity on the middle upper layer is slowly heated, the temperature difference between the annular cavities on the middle lower layer and the upper layer is large, and the drying production efficiency and the reliability are low.

Secondly, when the slurry leakage device works initially, due to the fact that the temperature difference between the annular cavities of the middle-lower layer and the upper layer is large, the thermal expansion amplitude and the deformation difference of the annular cavities are large, cracks are prone to occurring at welding positions between the adjacent annular cavities, and then slurry leakage is prone to occurring.

And thirdly, the adjacent annular cavities are hermetically connected from top to bottom by welding, so that once a certain annular cavity is damaged, the steps of maintenance and replacement are complicated, and the cost is high.

How to rapidly and uniformly raise the temperature of each annular cavity and reduce the temperature difference of each annular cavity in the initial work is a technical problem to be solved in the field. In addition, how to facilitate the installation and maintenance of the whole host is also a technical problem to be solved.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a drying system and a working method thereof, which are used for enabling the temperature of each annular cavity to rise rapidly and uniformly and reducing the temperature difference of each annular cavity when a drying host initially works.

In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a drying system, comprising a drying main machine; this dry host computer includes: the mask comprises a mask body and a plurality of layers of annular cavities which are coaxially arranged up and down and are arranged in the mask body; an inter-cavity gap is formed between every two adjacent annular cavities and communicated with each other through a blanking channel; the multilayer annular cavity is integrally arranged above a heat source; suction pipes (preferably distributed radially) are arranged in the gaps among the cavities, the inlets of the suction pipes are adjacent to the inner side ends of the gaps among the cavities, the outlets of the suction pipes are communicated with a vertical pipe, and the vertical pipe is communicated with the inlet of a suction machine; when the heat pump is in work, the heat source heats the medium, the formed heat medium is upward along the gap between the multilayer annular cavity and the inner wall of the cover body, and simultaneously, the suction pipes absorb the heat medium under the action of the suction machine, so that the heat medium enters the gap between the cavities and exchanges heat with the upper ring and the lower ring of each annular cavity, and then enters the vertical pipe through each suction pipe. According to the structure, through the active suction of the suction pipe, the heat medium (generally hot gas or hot oil) entering the gaps among the cavities directly comes from the heat source, so that compared with the prior art, the temperature difference of the heat medium entering the gaps among the cavities is small and basically close to the temperature of the heat medium in the heat source, the temperature of each annular cavity can be rapidly and uniformly increased, and the temperature difference of each annular cavity is reduced.

Preferably, the annular cavity comprises: the upper ring and the lower ring are connected with the side walls on the periphery of the upper ring and the lower ring in a sealing way (the upper ring is a plane circular ring or a truncated cone housing); the lower rings of the two adjacent annular cavities are in upper-lower sealing fit with the inner rings of the upper rings, and the blanking channel is arranged between the lower rings and the upper rings of the two adjacent annular cavities; the outlet of the suction machine is communicated with the heat source. During operation, the heat source heats the heat exchange medium, the formed heat medium is upward along the gap between the multilayer annular cavity and the inner wall of the cover body, and simultaneously, under the action of the suction machine, the suction pipes suck the heat medium, so that the heat medium enters the gap between the cavities and exchanges heat with the upper ring and the lower ring of each annular cavity, and the heat medium returns to the heat source through the suction pipes, the vertical pipe and the suction machine in sequence, thereby realizing the circulating heat exchange of the heat medium, reducing the energy consumption, and improving the heat exchange efficiency and the drying efficiency.

Further preferably, the bottom end of the stand pipe is connected with the inlet of the suction machine; the top end of the vertical pipe is connected with an exhaust gas port which is arranged at the top of the cover body and used for discharging exhaust gas of a heat source (the heat source is a combustion furnace for burning gas or coal) through a control valve. The control valve is arranged, so that the discharge amount of the heat exchange medium in the vertical pipe can be flexibly controlled according to actual conditions.

Furthermore, the drying system also comprises a main rotating shaft arranged on the central axis of the multilayer annular cavity; a plurality of scraping plates respectively distributed in each annular cavity are fixed on the main rotating shaft; the adjacent annular cavities are connected in a sealing mode from top to bottom through the central parts of the adjacent annular cavities, a central channel is formed in the center of each annular cavity, and the main rotating shaft is arranged in the central channel.

Further, a material inlet is formed in the annular cavity of the top layer, and a material outlet is formed in the bottom of the annular cavity of the bottom layer; the top of the cover body is provided with: the material inlet is communicated with the material inlet of the annular cavity at the top layer, and the gas outlet is used for discharging volatile matters from each annular cavity and is connected with a gas recovery pipe; the heat source is a combustion furnace (burning fuel gas or coal and other fuels), a waste gas port for discharging waste gas of the combustion furnace is arranged at the top part close to the cover body, and the heat medium is air; or the heat source is a container filled with heat conducting liquid, the heat medium is heat conducting liquid, and an electric heater is arranged in the container or the container is connected with an external heating system through a heat exchange pipeline. The waste gas port on the top of the cover body is connected with a waste gas treatment and heat energy recovery system to realize energy conservation and emission reduction.

Optionally, the annular cavity between the annular cavities of the top layer and the bottom layer is a middle cavity, and at least one middle cavity is provided with an exhaust passage communicated with the middle cavity; a small rotating shaft is axially arranged in the exhaust channel, a stirring rod (used for preventing materials from caking and blocking the exhaust channel) for loosening the materials is distributed on the front section of the small rotating shaft extending into the middle cavity, and first spiral blades are distributed on the rear section of the small rotating shaft and are used for detaining the materials through rotation so as to prevent the slurry or powder in the middle cavity from being discharged through the exhaust channel; part of gas in the middle cavity is discharged into the gas recovery pipe from the exhaust passage; and the exhaust port of the gas recovery pipe is connected with a recovery tank for recovering volatile matters after passing through the cooling spray tower so as to collect the volatile matters such as phosphorus or benzoyl chloride.

Furthermore, a second helical blade is arranged on the main rotating shaft, and when the main rotating shaft rotates, the second helical blade is suitable for conveying the slurry or powder at the middle lower part of the main rotating shaft to the middle upper part of the main rotating shaft.

Further optional scheme is, the below of the discharge gate of the annular cavity of bottom links to each other with a screw rod discharging device's pan feeding mouth, and this screw rod discharging device includes: the screw rod is arranged in the discharge pipeline, only the front section of the screw rod is distributed with helical blades, the rear section of the screw rod is a shaft lever, a compression spring and a pressing plate are sleeved on the shaft lever, and the pressing plate is arranged at the front end of the compression spring; a discharge opening is arranged on the discharge pipeline below the compression spring, and a discharge valve is connected below the discharge opening; when the compression spring is in a natural state, the pressure plate is positioned on the front side of the discharging opening; the rear end of the screw is connected with a motor driving device or a driving wheel. When the material in the discharging pipeline is less, the pressing plate is positioned on the front side of the discharging opening under the action of the compression spring; the pressing plate gradually moves backwards along with the gradual increase of the materials in the discharging pipeline until the pressing plate moves to the discharging opening, and at the moment, the materials begin to fall from the discharging opening; at the moment, the discharge valve is opened, and the discharge can be realized; along with less material in the discharging pipeline, the lower pressure plate is restored to the front side of the discharging opening under the action of the compression spring, and the material is filled in the discharging pipeline on the front side of the lower pressure plate and is compacted, so that the automatic sealing of the discharging channel is realized, and the gas leakage is avoided.

Optionally, a plurality of reinforcing ribs distributed radially are distributed on the upper ring and/or the lower ring of the annular cavity of the top layer and the bottom layer, connecting sleeves are fixed at the outer ends of the reinforcing ribs, the vertically aligned connecting sleeves are longitudinally movably sleeved on a connecting shaft, a spring is sleeved at the upper end and/or the lower end of the connecting shaft, and a locking nut at the outer end of the spring is in threaded fit with the end part of the connecting shaft; the connecting shafts are provided with at least 3 connecting shafts which are uniformly distributed around each annular cavity. By adopting the structure, the upper and lower adjacent annular cavities are not required to be connected through welding and sealing, and the upper and lower sealing matching of the adjacent annular cavities can be realized only by installing the high-temperature-resistant sealing ring on the corresponding interface. In operation, the annular chambers are subject to thermal expansion and the springs are compressed to give a corresponding margin of expansion. When the system is shut down, the pressure of the spring can ensure that each annular cavity is still in an upper and lower sealing matching state, and the reliability is high. Secondly, once a certain annular cavity is damaged, each locking nut on the top can be replaced as long as the locking nut is loosened, so that the maintenance is convenient and fast, and the cost is low; in the same way, the machine is convenient to disassemble and clean. And thirdly, when the annular cavity is installed and replaced, welding is not needed, the production and maintenance cost is reduced, the risk of environmental damage is reduced, and the safety of the production and maintenance process is improved.

Furthermore, a feeding port at the top of the cover body is connected with a longitudinal pipe, the top end of the longitudinal pipe is communicated with a slurry conveying pump through a pipeline, a downward-inclined overflow pipe is arranged in the middle of the longitudinal pipe, and an inlet of the conveying pump and an outlet of the overflow pipe are connected with a slurry pool; the structure can prevent the problem of slurry overflow at the feeding port at the top of the cover body.

The preferable to above-mentioned each scheme, the length direction of 1 to 4 blanking mouths on the bottom plate in the annular cavity is along radial distribution, and when the scraper blade was worked at a certain angle promptly, the length direction of blanking mouth was suitable for and is unanimous with the length direction of scraper blade, and when the scraper blade promoted the material and rotated to this blanking mouth department, the material that radially distributes was suitable for synchronous whereabouts, for the blanking mouth of other distribution modes, can avoid the material to block up the blanking mouth, ensures that the volatile substance rises through this blanking mouth. Each blanking port is connected with an opening on the top plate of the annular cavity at the lower layer through the blanking channel; the openings on the top plate and the blanking ports on the bottom plate of the annular cavity at the lower layer are distributed in a staggered mode so as to ensure that the materials are suitable for drying layer by layer.

The working method of the drying system comprises the following steps:

A. the heat source heats each annular cavity;

B. inputting slurry or powder into the annular cavity at the top layer, and simultaneously rotating the main rotating shaft;

C. under the rotation action of each layer of scraping plate, the slurry or powder falls to the lower annular cavity through the blanking channel to realize layer-by-layer heat exchange and drying, and is finally discharged from the discharge port of the annular cavity at the bottom layer; and the volatile matters are evaporated layer by layer, go upwards and are output from the gas outlet and the exhaust passage, and the volatile matters are collected through a gas recovery pipe and a gas collection system in sequence.

Preferably, the slurry or powder is phosphorus mud or phosphorus slag; the volatile is phosphorus.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: (1) when the drying main machine works, the heat source heats the medium, the formed heat medium is upward along the gap between the multilayer annular cavity and the inner wall of the cover body, and simultaneously, under the action of the suction machine, the suction pipes absorb the heat medium, so that the heat medium enters the gap between the cavities and exchanges heat with the upper ring and the lower ring of each annular cavity, and then enters the vertical pipe through each suction pipe. According to the structure, through the active suction of the suction pipe, the heat medium (generally hot gas or hot oil) entering the gaps among the cavities directly comes from the heat source, so that compared with the prior art, the temperature difference of the heat medium entering the gaps among the cavities is small and basically approaches to the temperature of the heat medium in the heat source, the temperature of each annular cavity can be rapidly and uniformly increased, and the temperature difference of each annular cavity is reduced; the dried slurry or powder is dry powder and is discharged from the bottom in real time; the annular cavities can reach the required working temperature basically and simultaneously, so that the preheating and synchronization time is saved, and the production efficiency is higher; the suction pipe enables the quick heating part to be discharged, and the heat exchange speed is accelerated by partial circulation; (2) each annular cavity is elastically fixed up and down through a plurality of connecting shafts, and is in sealing fit with the upper and the lower parts of each annular cavity without being connected through welding and sealing. When the system is shut down, the pressure of the spring can ensure that each annular cavity is still in an upper and lower sealing matching state, and the reliability is high. Secondly, once a certain annular cavity is damaged, each locking nut on the top can be replaced as long as the locking nut is loosened, so that the maintenance is convenient and fast, and the cost is low; in the same way, the machine is convenient to disassemble and clean. And thirdly, when the annular cavity is installed and replaced, welding is not needed, the production and maintenance cost is reduced, the risk of environmental damage is reduced, and the safety of the production and maintenance process is improved. And can prevent the potential safety hazard caused by overhigh air pressure in each annular cavity. The preferable scheme is that all the annular cavities are synthesized in an assembling mode, each annular cavity is synthesized by an upper half cavity and a lower half cavity and is in sealing fit, the bottom of the furnace chamber is tied by screws, the screws penetrate through the upper cover to tighten the upper part of each screw, and a high-strength warewash is arranged on the upper part of each screw to balance the thermal expansion and cold contraction of each layer of the furnace chamber (3), and the adopted screw discharging device compresses dry material powder in a discharging pipeline, so that the self-sealing of discharging can be realized, the gas leakage is avoided, and the discharge of inflammable gases such as phosphorus steam and the like or the discharge of harmful gases is avoided.

Drawings

In order that the present disclosure may be more readily and clearly understood, reference is now made to the following detailed description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a drying main machine in embodiments 1 to 2;

FIG. 1-1 is a schematic view of a portion of the drying main machine shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the drying system in examples 1 to 2;

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a multi-layer annular chamber of the drying main machine in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a bottom view of the annular chamber of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a screw discharging device of the drying main machine according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the discharge cross-section of the screw discharge device of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a small spindle in the main drying machine according to the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of an overflow prevention mechanism in the drying main body of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the multi-layer annular cavity of the drying main machine fixed by a connecting shaft;

fig. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional structure view of the ring cavity divided into an upper half cavity and a lower half cavity which are vertically matched and then fixed by a connecting shaft on the basis of fig. 9.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.