Magnetic field detection system and method based on electron spin reflection cancellation
阅读说明：本技术 基于电子自旋反射对消的磁场检测系统及方法 (Magnetic field detection system and method based on electron spin reflection cancellation ) 是由 秦杰 孙晓光 万双爱 庞喜浪 于 2019-09-10 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及磁场检测技术领域,公开了一种基于电子自旋反射对消的磁场检测系统及方法。其中,该系统包括：检测光源,用于产生检测光；偏振反射棱镜,用于对入射的检测光进行起偏；原子气室,原子气室内充有用于敏感角速率的介质；三维线圈,原子气室设置在三维线圈中心位置,三维线圈用于产生磁场；驱动光源,用于产生驱动光,使原子气室中的原子指向同一方向；反射镜,用于将经过原子气室的起偏后的检测光再经原子气室反射回偏振反射棱镜进行检偏；探测器,用于探测经偏振反射棱镜检偏的检测光；信号处理装置,与探测器连接,用于根据探测到的光确定磁场。由此,可以提高原子磁强计检测系统的准确度和稳定性,保证原子磁强计磁场测量的稳定性。(The invention relates to the technical field of magnetic field detection, and discloses a magnetic field detection system and method based on electron spin reflection cancellation. Wherein, this system includes: a detection light source for generating detection light; the polarization reflecting prism is used for polarizing the incident detection light; an atomic gas chamber filled with a medium for sensitive angular rate; the atomic gas chamber is arranged at the central position of the three-dimensional coil, and the three-dimensional coil is used for generating a magnetic field; the driving light source is used for generating driving light to enable the atoms in the atom gas chamber to point to the same direction; the reflector is used for reflecting the detection light polarized by the atomic gas chamber back to the polarization reflecting prism through the atomic gas chamber for polarization detection; a detector for detecting the detection light analyzed by the polarizing reflection prism; and a signal processing device connected with the detector and used for determining the magnetic field according to the detected light. Therefore, the accuracy and the stability of the atomic magnetometer detection system can be improved, and the stability of the magnetic field measurement of the atomic magnetometer is ensured.)
1. A magnetic field detection system based on electron spin reflection cancellation, the system comprising:
a detection light source for generating detection light;
the polarization reflecting prism is used for polarizing the incident detection light;
an atomic gas cell filled with a medium for sensitive angular rate;
the atomic gas chamber is arranged at the central position of the three-dimensional coil, and the three-dimensional coil is used for generating a magnetic field;
the driving light source is used for generating driving light to enable the atoms in the atom gas chamber to point to the same direction;
the reflector is used for reflecting the detection light polarized by the atomic gas chamber back to the polarization reflection prism through the atomic gas chamber for polarization detection;
a detector for detecting the detection light analyzed by the polarizing reflection prism;
signal processing means connected to the detector for determining the magnetic field from the detected light.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the signal processing device determining the magnetic field from the detected light comprises:
the magnetic field is determined based on the detected light and a pre-calibrated scale factor.
3. The system of claim 1 or 2, wherein the detector is a photodetector.
4. The system of claim 1 or 2, wherein the detection light source and the driving light source are both laser light sources.
5. A magnetic field detection method based on electron spin reflection cancellation is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the detection light source generates detection light and emits the detection light to the polarization reflection prism;
the polarized reflection prism polarizes incident detection light, and the polarized detection light reaches the reflector through an atom air chamber, wherein a medium for sensitive angular rate is filled in the atom air chamber, the atom air chamber is arranged at the center of a three-dimensional coil generating a magnetic field, and a driving light source is driven to generate driving light so that atoms in the atom air chamber point to the same direction;
the reflecting mirror reflects the detection light polarized by the atomic gas chamber back to the polarization reflecting prism through the atomic gas chamber;
the polarization reflecting prism is used for analyzing the reflected detection light;
a detector detects the detection light analyzed and polarized by the polarization reflection prism;
the signal processing means determines the magnetic field from the detected light.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein determining the magnetic field from the detected light comprises: the magnetic field is determined based on the detected light and a pre-calibrated scale factor.
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of magnetic field detection, in particular to a magnetic field detection system and a magnetic field detection method based on electron spin reflection cancellation.
Background
The atomic magnetometer is the magnetometer with the highest measuring sensitivity in the field of magnetic field measurement at present. The characteristics of ultrahigh sensitivity, small volume, low power consumption and the like are considered as the main development direction of future magnetometers. The atomic magnetometer achieves the aim of measuring the magnetic field by precisely controlling the quantum and extracting the atomic deflection angle caused by the alkali metal atom sensitive magnetic field in the magnetometer. Therefore, the influence of each component in the internal detection light path of the magnetometer on the laser directly determines the magnetic field detection stability of the atomic magnetometer. However, the internal optical components of the magnetometer have a large influence on the detection of the laser deflection angle due to the influence of external temperature, internal stress and the like at present. In practical situations, the influence of the optical components in the detection system on the detection laser deflection angle is an uncertain factor, and the stability of the sensor is directly limited. Therefore, a magnetic field detection system and method that can avoid the influence of optical components on the laser deflection angle are needed to ensure the measurement stability of the atomic magnetometer.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, provides a magnetic field detection system and a magnetic field detection method based on electron spin reflection cancellation, and can solve the problem that an optical component influences a laser deflection angle in the prior art.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows: a magnetic field detection system based on electron spin reflection cancellation, wherein the system comprises:
a detection light source for generating detection light;
the polarization reflecting prism is used for polarizing the incident detection light;
an atomic gas cell filled with a medium for sensitive angular rate;
the atomic gas chamber is arranged at the central position of the three-dimensional coil, and the three-dimensional coil is used for generating a magnetic field;
the driving light source is used for generating driving light to enable the atoms in the atom gas chamber to point to the same direction;
the reflector is used for reflecting the detection light polarized by the atomic gas chamber back to the polarization reflection prism through the atomic gas chamber for polarization detection;
a detector for detecting the detection light analyzed by the polarizing reflection prism;
signal processing means connected to the detector for determining the magnetic field from the detected light.
Preferably, the signal processing means determining the magnetic field from the detected light comprises:
the magnetic field is determined based on the detected light and a pre-calibrated scale factor.
Preferably, the detector is a photodetector.
Preferably, the detection light source and the driving light source are both laser light sources.
The invention also provides a magnetic field detection method based on electron spin reflection cancellation, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
the detection light source generates detection light and emits the detection light to the polarization reflection prism;
the polarized reflection prism polarizes incident detection light, and the polarized detection light reaches the reflector through an atom air chamber, wherein a medium for sensitive angular rate is filled in the atom air chamber, the atom air chamber is arranged at the center of a three-dimensional coil generating a magnetic field, and a driving light source is driven to generate driving light so that atoms in the atom air chamber point to the same direction;
the reflecting mirror reflects the detection light polarized by the atomic gas chamber back to the polarization reflecting prism through the atomic gas chamber;
the polarization reflecting prism is used for analyzing the reflected detection light;
a detector detects the detection light analyzed and polarized by the polarization reflection prism;
the signal processing means determines the magnetic field from the detected light.
Preferably, determining the magnetic field from the detected light comprises:
the magnetic field is determined based on the detected light and a pre-calibrated scale factor.
By the technical scheme, the optical component of the magnetic field detection system for detecting the positive and negative penetration of light (inside the atomic magnetometer) can be utilized, so that the aim of inhibiting the common mode deviation of the magnetic field detection system is fulfilled by offsetting factors which have larger influence on the detection laser deflection angle due to external temperature, internal stress and the like. Therefore, the accuracy and the stability of the atomic magnetometer detection system can be improved, and the stability of the magnetic field measurement of the atomic magnetometer is ensured.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort.
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a magnetic field detection system based on electron spin reflection cancellation according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description, for purposes of explanation and not limitation, specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced in other embodiments that depart from these specific details.
It should be noted that, in order to avoid obscuring the present invention with unnecessary details, only the device structures and/or processing steps that are closely related to the scheme according to the present invention are shown in the drawings, and other details that are not so relevant to the present invention are omitted.
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a magnetic field detection system based on electron spin reflection cancellation according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a magnetic field detection system based on electron spin reflection cancellation, where the system includes:
a detection light source 10 for generating detection light;
a
that is, light having the same polarization state as the polarization direction of the detection light is transmitted through the prism to be a light beam having high linear polarization purity.
An atomic gas cell 14, the atomic gas cell 14 filled with a medium for sensitive angular velocity;
a three-
a driving light source 18 for generating driving light to direct the atoms in the atom gas cell 14 in the same direction;
that is, kinetic energy is imparted to the atoms of the medium in the atomic gas chamber so that the atoms point in the same direction.
A
that is, the
A
signal processing means 24 connected to said
By the technical scheme, the optical component of the magnetic field detection system for detecting the positive and negative penetration of light (inside the atomic magnetometer) can be utilized, so that the aim of inhibiting the common mode deviation of the magnetic field detection system is fulfilled by offsetting factors which have larger influence on the detection laser deflection angle due to external temperature, internal stress and the like. Therefore, the accuracy and the stability of the atomic magnetometer detection system can be improved, and the stability of the magnetic field measurement of the atomic magnetometer is ensured.
Wherein the signal processing means 24 may compensate the magnetic field to increase the sensitivity of the magnetometer by analyzing the signal output by the
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the signal processing device 24 determining the magnetic field based on the detected light comprises:
the magnetic field is determined based on the detected light and a pre-calibrated scale factor.
The
For example, the signal processing device 24 may convert the voltage signal output by the photodetector into a corresponding magnetic field by a predetermined scaling factor, thereby achieving detection of the magnetic field.
Therefore, the magnetic field measurement signal obtained through reflection cancellation is output from the photoelectric detector, so that the scale factor stability and consistency of the atomic magnetometer detection system are improved, and the magnetic field detection stability of the atomic magnetometer is also improved.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the detection light source 10 and the driving light source 18 may be both laser light sources.
In the embodiment of the invention, when the detection light path is assembled, the detection light can be made to vertically enter the reflector as much as possible, and the reflected light energy enters the polarization reflecting prism to reduce the light power loss as much as possible, and then is reflected to enter the photoelectric detector to be detected by the photoelectric detector.
In addition, the angle of the reflector in the embodiment of the invention can be adjusted according to actual conditions. For example, the output of the photodetector is near 0 in the absence of an external magnetic field, and if the output of the photodetector is not near 0, the angle of the mirror can be adjusted until the output of the photodetector is near 0.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a magnetic field detection method based on electron spin reflection cancellation, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
the detection light source generates detection light and emits the detection light to the polarization reflection prism;
the polarized reflection prism polarizes incident detection light, and the polarized detection light reaches the reflector through an atom air chamber, wherein a medium for sensitive angular rate is filled in the atom air chamber, the atom air chamber is arranged at the center of a three-dimensional coil generating a magnetic field, and a driving light source is driven to generate driving light so that atoms in the atom air chamber point to the same direction;
the reflecting mirror reflects the detection light polarized by the atomic gas chamber back to the polarization reflecting prism through the atomic gas chamber;
the polarization reflecting prism is used for analyzing the reflected detection light;
a detector detects the detection light analyzed and polarized by the polarization reflection prism;
the signal processing means determines the magnetic field from the detected light.
By the technical scheme, the optical component of the magnetic field detection system for detecting the positive and negative penetration of light (inside the atomic magnetometer) can be utilized, so that the aim of inhibiting the common mode deviation of the magnetic field detection system is fulfilled by offsetting factors which have larger influence on the detection laser deflection angle due to external temperature, internal stress and the like. Therefore, the accuracy and the stability of the atomic magnetometer detection system can be improved, and the stability of the magnetic field measurement of the atomic magnetometer is ensured.
According to one embodiment of the invention, determining the magnetic field from the detected light comprises:
the magnetic field is determined based on the detected light and a pre-calibrated scale factor.
The method described above corresponds to the system described in fig. 1, and for specific example description, reference may be made to the description of the system described in fig. 1, which is not described herein again.
It can be seen from the foregoing embodiments that, in the system and the method described in the foregoing embodiments of the present invention, light passes through the detection system twice in the forward direction and the reverse direction, and the common mode influence of the optical components in the detection system on the polarization state of the laser is differentially cancelled, so as to achieve the purpose of improving the stability of the detection optical path and improve the performance of the atomic magnetometer.
Features that are described and/or illustrated above with respect to one embodiment may be used in the same way or in a similar way in one or more other embodiments and/or in combination with or instead of the features of the other embodiments.
It should be emphasized that the term "comprises/comprising" when used herein, is taken to specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps or components but does not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, components or groups thereof.
The many features and advantages of these embodiments are apparent from the detailed specification, and thus, it is intended by the appended claims to cover all such features and advantages of these embodiments which fall within the true spirit and scope thereof. Further, since numerous modifications and changes will readily occur to those skilled in the art, it is not desired to limit the embodiments of the invention to the exact construction and operation illustrated and described, and accordingly, all suitable modifications and equivalents may be resorted to, falling within the scope thereof.
The invention has not been described in detail and is in part known to those of skill in the art.
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