阅读说明：本技术 一种绞刀轴的热态直线校中方法 (thermal state straight line centering method for reamer shaft ) 是由 陈新华 宋玉甫 王秋松 姜东凯 李�杰 何银栋 田云 张庙银 胡东 于 2019-09-17 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种绞刀轴的热态直线校中方法,它涉及海工船舶设备安装技术领域。它包括以下步骤：计算得出绞刀轴相对于绞刀轴承、中间轴相对于中间轴承的变位；使用测微准直望远镜照光绞刀轴系,粗定中间轴承座、齿轮箱座和电机座的位置；确定绞刀轴承座位置,对绞刀轴承座、中间轴承座进行精加工；确定中间轴承中心；根据确定的轴承中心排列各轴,确定轴系中心,将各轴并联；对绞刀轴承座、中间轴承座进行调整变位；加工和拂配垫片；对电机箱、齿轮箱、联轴器进行变位对中；钻配螺栓孔并拧紧完成热态直线校中。本发明的优点在于：按照绞刀轴系的运行状态进行校中,保证轴承在热态运行过程中的直线性,延长轴承的使用寿命。(the invention discloses a thermal state straight line centering method for a reamer shaft, and relates to the technical field of marine ship equipment installation. It comprises the following steps: calculating the displacement of the reamer shaft relative to the reamer bearing and the displacement of the intermediate shaft relative to the intermediate bearing; using a micro-alignment telescope to illuminate a reamer shaft system, roughly centering the positions of a middle bearing seat, a gear box seat and a motor seat; determining the position of a reamer bearing seat, and performing finish machining on the reamer bearing seat and a middle bearing seat; determining the center of the middle bearing; arranging all shafts according to the determined bearing center, determining the center of a shaft system, and connecting all shafts in parallel; adjusting and displacing the twisting cutter bearing seat and the middle bearing seat; machining and brushing a gasket; performing displacement centering on the motor box, the gear box and the coupling; and drilling a bolt hole and screwing to finish thermal state straight line alignment. The invention has the advantages that: and the alignment is carried out according to the running state of the reamer shafting, so that the linearity of the bearing in the hot running process is ensured, and the service life of the bearing is prolonged.)

1. A thermal state straight line alignment method for a reamer shaft is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:

(1) calculating the bearing running clearance and the thermal expansion value of the bearing of the gear box, calculating the water expansion values of the reamer bearing and the intermediate bearing, and obtaining the displacement of the reamer shaft relative to the reamer bearing and the displacement of the intermediate shaft relative to the intermediate bearing;

(2) Using a micro-alignment telescope to illuminate a reamer shaft system, roughly centering the positions of a middle bearing seat, a gear box seat and a motor seat;

(3) Determining the position of a reamer bearing seat, and performing finish machining on the reamer bearing seat;

(4) Determining the center of the middle bearing;

(5) Arranging all shafts according to the determined bearing center, determining the center of a shaft system, and connecting all the shafts by using hydraulic bolts;

(6) adjusting and displacing the middle bearing block;

(7) machining and brushing a gasket;

(8) performing displacement centering on the motor box, the gear box and the coupling;

(9) And drilling a bolt hole and screwing to finish thermal state straight line alignment.

2. The thermal state alignment method of the reamer shaft according to claim 1, wherein the thermal state alignment method comprises the following steps: in the step (1), the distance of the bearing to move upwards in advance is determined according to the thermal expansion value, the distance of the bearing to increase the running clearance of the bearing is determined according to the water expansion value, and the displacement of the reamer shaft relative to the reamer bearing and the displacement of the intermediate shaft relative to the intermediate bearing are obtained by comprehensively considering the sum of the thermal expansion value, the water expansion value and the original running clearance.

3. the thermal state alignment method of the reamer shaft according to claim 1, wherein the thermal state alignment method comprises the following steps: in the step (3), after the position of the reamer bearing seat is determined, rough machining of the reamer bearing seat is firstly carried out, then retesting is carried out, and finally finish machining is carried out.

4. The thermal state alignment method of the reamer shaft according to claim 1, wherein the thermal state alignment method comprises the following steps: and (4) setting a target at each middle bearing seat position to adjust the center of the middle bearing to be coaxial by taking the reamer bearing seat as a reference.

5. the thermal state alignment method of the reamer shaft according to claim 1, wherein the thermal state alignment method comprises the following steps: in the step (5), under the condition of considering the deflection of the shafting, the shafts are linearly arranged and connected, the end face flanges of the adjacent shafts are installed at fixed positions, and the installation positions of the flanges are aligned, so that small offset and small tortuosity are ensured.

6. The thermal state alignment method of the reamer shaft according to claim 1, wherein the thermal state alignment method comprises the following steps: in the step (6), the four corners of the intermediate bearing seat are respectively provided with the dial indicators, the intermediate bearing seat is jacked by jacking screws, four dial indicator readings are generated, an average value is obtained according to the four readings, and corresponding deflection adjustment is carried out on the intermediate bearing seat according to the average value and the calculated deflection.

7. the thermal state alignment method of the reamer shaft according to claim 1, wherein the thermal state alignment method comprises the following steps: and (7) performing on-site preparation after workshop processing is performed on the adjusting gasket.

8. The thermal state alignment method of the reamer shaft according to claim 1, wherein the thermal state alignment method comprises the following steps: in the step (8), on the basis of considering thermal expansion of the gear box and the motor, the reamer shaft driving system is centered, and the motor box, the gear box and the coupler are subjected to displacement centering according to deviation values between the level and the height thermal expansion value of the input shaft of the gear box and the level and the height thermal expansion value of the output shaft of the motor.

9. The thermal state alignment method of the reamer shaft according to claim 1, wherein the thermal state alignment method comprises the following steps: in the step (8), the motor base and the reamed hole bolt are arranged to limit the deformation of the motor box and the gear box.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of marine ship equipment installation, in particular to a thermal state straight line centering method for a reamer shaft.

Background

since the popularization of a ship propulsion system in the shipbuilding industry, the conventional reamer shafting of the cutter suction dredger in China adopts a reasonable alignment method. The reasonable centering method is characterized in that the deformation of a ship body is considered, a pre-compensation method is adopted in advance, the vertical position of a reamer bearing is improved, and the running clearance of a shafting is compensated.

The reasonable centering method considers the structural deformation of the ship before and after launching. The deformation is mainly caused by different stresses of a dock solid supporting point and buoyancy of a ship after launching, and for the bridge corresponding to the reamer shafting, the deformation of the bridge is basically completed before launching, or the deformation of the bridge along the direction vertical to the reamer shafting is the largest when the reamer shafting is horizontal, and the deformation under various working conditions is smaller than the time when the reamer shafting is horizontal. The reasonable centering method is to increase small deformation and reduce large deformation. Because the propulsion shafting is stable in the working state in water, the tail area of the ship body connected with the propulsion shafting is always in the same and close state in the water.

the theory is widely used in the field of cutter-cutter shaft system correction of cutter-suction ships. Actually, the theory has misjudgment, the working condition of the reamer shafting of the cutter suction dredger is completely different from that of the propulsion shafting, the reamer shafting is centered by adopting a method for centering the propulsion shafting, and the theoretical basis is wrong. For the reamer shafting, the stress is complicated and changeable, the most dangerous working condition is the working condition that the bridge is horizontal and the bridge does not work, the reamer shafting is pre-compensated in the state, the situation is really too late, the compensation is large, the reamer is in an overcompensation state consistently, the working condition of the intermediate bearing becomes worse, and the service life of the bearing is directly shortened.

The thermal state alignment theory is that the reamer shafting is in an operating state and is in an ideal working state in the middle of the bearing. The thermal state straight line centering method is more suitable for centering of a reamer shafting of a cutter suction dredger.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a thermal state straight line centering method for a reamer shaft, which is used for centering according to the running state of a reamer shaft system and prolonging the service life of a bearing.

In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the method comprises the following steps:

(1) Calculating the bearing running clearance and the thermal expansion value of the bearing of the gear box, calculating the water expansion values of the reamer bearing and the intermediate bearing, and obtaining the displacement of the reamer shaft relative to the reamer bearing and the displacement of the intermediate shaft relative to the intermediate bearing;

(2) Using a micro-alignment telescope to illuminate a reamer shaft system, roughly centering the positions of a middle bearing seat, a gear box seat and a motor seat;

(3) determining the position of a reamer bearing seat, and performing finish machining on the reamer bearing seat;

(4) Determining the center of the middle bearing;

(5) arranging all shafts according to the determined bearing center, determining the center of a shaft system, and connecting all the shafts by using hydraulic bolts;

(6) adjusting and displacing the middle bearing block;

(7) Machining and brushing a gasket;

(8) performing displacement centering on the motor box, the gear box and the coupling;

(9) And drilling a bolt hole and screwing to finish thermal state straight line alignment.

Further, in the step (1), the distance of the bearing to move upwards in advance is determined according to the thermal expansion value, the distance of the bearing to increase the running clearance of the bearing is determined according to the water expansion value, and the displacement of the reamer shaft relative to the reamer bearing and the displacement of the intermediate shaft relative to the intermediate bearing are obtained by comprehensively considering the sum of the thermal expansion value, the water expansion value and the original running clearance.

Further, in the step (3), after the position of the reamer bearing seat is determined, rough machining of the reamer bearing seat is firstly carried out, then retesting is carried out, and finally finish machining is carried out.

Further, in the step (4), a target is arranged at each middle bearing seat position to adjust the middle bearing center to be coaxial with the reamer bearing seat as a reference.

further, in the step (5), under the condition of considering the deflection of the shaft system, the shafts are linearly arranged and connected, the end face flanges of the adjacent shafts are installed at fixed positions, the installation positions of the flanges are aligned, and the small deviation and the small bending are ensured.

Furthermore, in the step (6), dial indicators are respectively used at four corners of the intermediate bearing seat, the intermediate bearing seat is jacked by jacking screws, four dial indicator readings are generated, an average value is obtained according to the four readings, and corresponding deflection adjustment is performed on the intermediate bearing seat according to the average value and the calculated deflection.

Further, in the step (7), the adjustment pad is subjected to spot fitting after being subjected to workshop processing.

further, in the step (8), taking thermal expansion of the gear box and the motor into consideration, centering the reamer shaft driving system based on the deformation, and performing displacement centering on the motor box, the gear box and the coupling according to deviation values between a horizontal thermal expansion value and a high thermal expansion value of an input shaft of the gear box and a horizontal thermal expansion value and a high thermal expansion value of an output shaft of the motor.

further, in the step (8), the deformation of the motor box and the gear box should be limited by the arrangement of the motor base and the reamed hole bolt.

After adopting the structure, the invention has the advantages that:

1. the influence of deformation of the bridge frame is not needed to be considered during centering, the influence of running clearance, water expansion and thermal expansion factors on the bearing clearance in the shaft arrangement process is considered during centering, centering is carried out according to the running state of a reamer shaft system, the linearity of the bearing in the hot running process is ensured, and the service life of the bearing is prolonged;

2. The thermal expansion of the gear box and the thermal expansion of the motor are considered in the centering process of the gear box and the motor, so that the gear box and the motor are correspondingly calibrated according to the running state of a reamer shafting, and the whole alignment is unified;

3. Different from reasonable calibration, the jacking inspection bearing load is no longer necessary for calibration, and jacking only has reference significance in straight line calibration and does not influence the calibration result.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the center positioning of the reamer shafting of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a front view of the reamer spindle system of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description. The following examples are presented to enable one of ordinary skill in the art to more fully understand the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the embodiments described herein.

As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the following technical solutions are adopted in the present embodiment: the method comprises the following steps:

(1) Calculating the bearing running clearance and the thermal expansion value of the bearing of the gear box, calculating the water expansion values of the reamer bearing and the intermediate bearing, and obtaining the displacement of the reamer shaft 1 relative to the reamer bearing and the displacement of the intermediate shaft 2 relative to the intermediate bearing;

(2) using a micro-alignment telescope 6 to illuminate a reamer shaft system, roughly centering the positions of a middle bearing seat 3, a gear box seat and a motor seat;

(3) Determining the position of a reamer bearing seat, and performing finish machining on the reamer bearing seat;

(4) Determining the center of the middle bearing;

(5) arranging all shafts according to the determined bearing center, determining the center of a shaft system, and connecting all the shafts by using hydraulic bolts;

(6) adjusting and displacing the intermediate bearing block 3;

(7) Machining and brushing a gasket;

(8) the motor box 5, the gear box 4 and the coupling are subjected to displacement centering;

(9) And drilling a bolt hole and screwing to finish thermal state straight line alignment.

In the step (1), the distance of the bearing to move upwards in advance is determined according to the thermal expansion value, the distance of the bearing to increase the running clearance of the bearing to be preselected is determined according to the water expansion value, the displacement of the reamer shaft 1 relative to the reamer bearing is obtained by comprehensively considering the sum of the thermal expansion value, the water expansion value and the original running clearance, the displacement of the intermediate shaft 2 relative to the intermediate bearing is obtained, taking skyhook number shafting alignment as an example, the displacement of the reamer shaft relative to the reamer bearing is 0, and the displacement of the intermediate shaft relative to the intermediate bearing is 0, 0.95mm and 0.95mm in sequence.

In the step (3), after the position of the reamer bearing seat is determined, rough machining of the reamer bearing seat is firstly carried out, then retesting is carried out, and finally finish machining is carried out.

And (4) setting a target at each middle bearing seat 3 position to adjust the middle bearing center to be coaxial by taking the reamer bearing seat as a reference.

in the step (5), under the condition of considering the deflection of the shafting, the shafts are linearly arranged and connected, the end face flanges of the adjacent shafts are installed at fixed positions, and the installation positions of the flanges are aligned to ensure that the offset and the tortuosity are as small as possible.

in the step (6), the four corners of the intermediate bearing seat 3 are respectively provided with the dial indicators, the intermediate bearing seat 3 is jacked by jacking screws, four dial indicator readings are generated, an average value is obtained according to the four readings, and corresponding displacement adjustment is carried out on the intermediate bearing seat 3 according to the average value and the calculated displacement.

And (7) performing on-site preparation after workshop processing is performed on the adjusting gasket.

In the step (8), the thermal expansion of the gear box 4 and the motor 5 is considered, the reamer shaft driving system is centered on the basis of the deformation, and the motor box 5, the gear box 4 and the coupler are subjected to displacement centering according to deviation values between the horizontal and high thermal expansion values of the input shaft of the gear box 4 and the horizontal and high thermal expansion values of the output shaft of the motor 5.

in order to ensure that the center of the gear box 4 is aligned after thermal state centering, the theoretical offset of the motor 5 and the gear box 4 under a cold state static condition (temperature of 20 ℃) is as follows according to the forward pushing of an input shaft system of the gear box 4: height: the gear box is lower than the thermal expansion amount in the height direction of the input shaft of the motor = gear box-in the height direction of the output shaft of the motor; width: the deviation of the motor to the two ship sides than the gear box = the thermal expansion of the gear box in the width direction; length: the motor base and the gear box base should be limited from moving towards each other due to thermal expansion, and it should be checked whether the sum of the axial elongations of the gear box input shaft and the motor is within the high elasticity range, for example, since 1.75mm +1.02mm =2.79mm, and the coupling alignment is required to be-5 to 1.2mm, the alignment result may not be adjusted within the range of-2.21 mm to 3.99mm, and the ideal alignment result is-2.21 mm to 1.2 mm.

in the step (8), the motor base and the reamed hole bolt are arranged to limit the deformation of the motor box 5 and the gear box 4.

the thermal state straight line centering method is characterized in that:

a. The influence of bridge deformation is not considered in the calibration;

b. The bearing clearance is mainly considered to be influenced by running clearance, water expansion and thermal expansion factors in the shaft arrangement process in the calibration;

c. The thermal expansion of the gear box and the thermal expansion of the motor are considered in the centering process of the gear box and the motor;

d. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, performing straight line alignment on the bearing, then performing straight line alignment on the shaft, and finally shifting the bearing;

e. The purpose of thermal state straight line correction is to ensure the linearity of the bearing in the thermal state operation process;

f. Different from reasonable calibration, the jacking inspection bearing load is no longer necessary for calibration, and jacking only has reference significance in straight line calibration and does not influence the calibration result.

the foregoing shows and describes the general principles and features of the present invention, together with the advantages thereof. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.