阅读说明：本技术 多组分气体混合器、燃烧室点火装置及火炬点火系统 (Multi-component gas mixer, combustion chamber ignition device and torch ignition system ) 是由 王晓飞 王剑 李欣源 于 2019-07-26 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了多组分气体混合器、燃烧室点火装置及火炬点火系统,其中,多组分气体混合器,包括：氧化剂管道和氧化剂腔,氧化剂管道一端与氧化剂气源相连、另一端与氧化剂腔相连,氧化剂腔上设有多个喷孔；燃料管道和燃料腔,燃料管道置于氧化剂管道内,燃料腔置于氧化剂腔内；燃料管道一端与燃料气源相连、另一端与燃料腔相连,燃料腔上设有多个喷孔；燃料通过燃料管道输送至燃料腔内,经燃料腔的喷孔输送至氧化剂腔内；氧化剂通过氧化剂管道输送至氧化剂腔内,与燃料混合均匀后从氧化剂腔的喷孔喷出。本发明的混合器的结构实现多组分气体的均匀混合,解决了现有技术中存在的因气流速度较高,导致的混合不充分和点火可靠性低的问题。(The invention discloses a multi-component gas mixer, a combustion chamber ignition device and a torch ignition system, wherein the multi-component gas mixer comprises: the device comprises an oxidant pipeline and an oxidant cavity, wherein one end of the oxidant pipeline is connected with an oxidant gas source, the other end of the oxidant pipeline is connected with the oxidant cavity, and a plurality of spray holes are formed in the oxidant cavity; the fuel pipeline is arranged in the oxidant pipeline, and the fuel cavity is arranged in the oxidant cavity; one end of the fuel pipeline is connected with a fuel gas source, the other end of the fuel pipeline is connected with a fuel cavity, and a plurality of spray holes are formed in the fuel cavity; the fuel is conveyed into the fuel cavity through the fuel pipeline and conveyed into the oxidant cavity through the spray hole of the fuel cavity; the oxidant is conveyed into the oxidant cavity through the oxidant pipeline and is uniformly mixed with the fuel and then is sprayed out from the spray hole of the oxidant cavity. The structure of the mixer provided by the invention realizes uniform mixing of multi-component gas, and solves the problems of insufficient mixing and low ignition reliability caused by high gas flow velocity in the prior art.)

1. a multi-component gas mixer, comprising:

The device comprises an oxidant pipeline and an oxidant cavity, wherein one end of the oxidant pipeline is connected with an oxidant gas source, the other end of the oxidant pipeline is connected with the oxidant cavity, and a plurality of spray holes are formed in the oxidant cavity;

The fuel pipeline is arranged in the oxidant pipeline, and the fuel cavity is arranged in the oxidant cavity; one end of the fuel pipeline is connected with a fuel gas source, the other end of the fuel pipeline is connected with the fuel cavity, and a plurality of spray holes are formed in the fuel cavity;

The fuel is conveyed into the fuel cavity through the fuel pipeline and conveyed into the oxidant cavity through the spray hole of the fuel cavity; and the oxidant is conveyed into the oxidant cavity through the oxidant pipeline, and is uniformly mixed with the fuel and then is sprayed out from the spray hole of the oxidant cavity.

2. The multi-component gas mixer of claim 1, wherein the oxidant conduit comprises a first oxidant conduit, a second oxidant conduit, and an oxidant line adapter;

one end of the second oxidant pipeline is connected with an oxidant gas source, the other end of the second oxidant pipeline is connected with one end of the first oxidant pipeline through the oxidant pipeline adapter, and the other end of the first oxidant pipeline is connected with the oxidant cavity.

3. The multi-component gas mixer of claim 2, wherein the fuel conduit comprises a first fuel conduit and a second fuel conduit;

the oxidant pipeline adapter is provided with a positioning support hole for the second fuel pipeline to pass through;

One end of the second fuel pipeline is connected with a fuel gas source, the other end of the second fuel pipeline penetrates through the positioning support hole to be connected with one end of the first fuel pipeline, and the other end of the first fuel pipeline is connected with the fuel cavity.

4. The multi-component gas mixer of claim 3, wherein the first oxidant conduit is of unitary construction with the oxidant chamber and the first fuel conduit is of unitary construction with the fuel chamber.

5. the multi-component gas mixer according to claim 3, wherein the oxidant first conduit is provided with an oxidant conduit locating slot, and the fuel first conduit is provided with a fuel conduit locating boss corresponding to the oxidant conduit locating slot;

the first oxidant pipeline and the oxidant cavity are matched with the first fuel pipeline and the fuel cavity through the matching of the oxidant pipeline positioning groove and the fuel pipeline positioning boss.

6. the multi-component gas mixer according to claim 1, wherein the oxidizer chamber and the fuel chamber are spherical chambers, and the orifice of the oxidizer chamber has an opening direction that is aligned with the flow direction of the oxidizer, and the orifice of the fuel chamber has an opening direction that is opposite to the flow direction of the oxidizer.

7. A combustion chamber ignition device, comprising: a combustion chamber, at least one electric spark plug and at least one multi-component gas mixer according to any one of claims 1 to 6;

the electric spark plug and the multi-component gas mixer are both arranged on the combustion chamber, and the mixed gas sprayed by the multi-component gas mixer is combusted in a combustion cavity of the combustion chamber by electric sparks generated by the electric spark plug.

8. The combustor ignition device of claim 1, further comprising a lance;

The spray pipe is arranged at the tail part of the combustion chamber and used for accelerating high-temperature fuel gas.

9. A torch ignition system, comprising: a nitrogen purge system, an oxidant supply system, a fuel supply system, and the combustor ignition device of claim 8;

The nitrogen generated by the nitrogen blowing system and the oxidant generated by the oxidant supply system are connected with the oxidant pipeline of the combustion chamber ignition device through a three-way pipe;

The fuel supply system produces fuel that is connected to a fuel line of the combustor igniter.

10. The torch ignition system of claim 1,

The nitrogen blowing system comprises a nitrogen bottle group, and a nitrogen pressure reducing valve, a nitrogen filter and a nitrogen electromagnetic valve are arranged on a pipeline between the nitrogen bottle group and the three-way pipe;

the oxidant supply system comprises an oxidant gas cylinder group, and an oxidant pressure reducing valve, an oxidant filter, an oxidant flowmeter, an oxidant electromagnetic valve and an oxidant check valve are arranged on a pipeline between the oxidant gas cylinder group and the three-way pipe;

the fuel supply system comprises a fuel gas cylinder group, and a fuel pressure reducing valve, a fuel filter, a fuel flow meter, a fuel electromagnetic valve and a fuel check valve are installed on a pipeline between the fuel gas cylinder group and a fuel pipeline.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of liquid rocket engine ignition, in particular to a multi-component gas mixer, a combustion chamber ignition device and a torch ignition system.

background

the torch type ignition device is one of the ignition devices commonly used on the liquid rocket engine, the torch type ignition device is a small combustion chamber, a plurality of components enter the combustion chamber through a nozzle to be mixed, an electric spark plug arranged in the combustion chamber discharges to generate electric sparks to ignite the mixed components, and high-temperature gas flow generated by combustion ignites fuel in a main combustion chamber or a gas generator, so that the torch type ignition device has the advantages of quick start and repeatable start; therefore, the liquid rocket engine and the ground test equipment are widely applied.

at present, a torch type igniter mostly adopts a gas-gas combustion scheme, such as gas oxygen/gas hydrogen, gas oxygen/methane and the like; however, for the gas phase component with higher outlet flow rate requirement, the existing torch ignition device also has the problem of insufficient component mixing, and the ignition reliability is affected.

disclosure of Invention

In response to the deficiencies in the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a multi-component gas mixer, a combustion chamber ignition device and a flare ignition system.

a first object of the present invention is to provide a multi-component gas mixer comprising:

the device comprises an oxidant pipeline and an oxidant cavity, wherein one end of the oxidant pipeline is connected with an oxidant gas source, the other end of the oxidant pipeline is connected with the oxidant cavity, and a plurality of spray holes are formed in the oxidant cavity;

The fuel pipeline is arranged in the oxidant pipeline, and the fuel cavity is arranged in the oxidant cavity; one end of the fuel pipeline is connected with a fuel gas source, the other end of the fuel pipeline is connected with the fuel cavity, and a plurality of spray holes are formed in the fuel cavity;

The fuel is conveyed into the fuel cavity through the fuel pipeline and conveyed into the oxidant cavity through the spray hole of the fuel cavity; and the oxidant is conveyed into the oxidant cavity through the oxidant pipeline, and is uniformly mixed with the fuel and then is sprayed out from the spray hole of the oxidant cavity.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the oxidant conduit includes an oxidant first conduit, an oxidant second conduit and an oxidant line adapter;

One end of the second oxidant pipeline is connected with an oxidant gas source, the other end of the second oxidant pipeline is connected with one end of the first oxidant pipeline through the oxidant pipeline adapter, and the other end of the first oxidant pipeline is connected with the oxidant cavity.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the fuel piping includes a first fuel piping and a second fuel piping;

the oxidant pipeline adapter is provided with a positioning support hole for the second fuel pipeline to pass through;

one end of the second fuel pipeline is connected with a fuel gas source, the other end of the second fuel pipeline penetrates through the positioning support hole to be connected with one end of the first fuel pipeline, and the other end of the first fuel pipeline is connected with the fuel cavity.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the first oxidant conduit and the oxidant chamber are of an integral structure, and the first fuel conduit and the fuel chamber are of an integral structure.

as a further improvement of the present invention, an oxidant pipeline positioning slot is arranged on the oxidant first pipeline, and a fuel pipeline positioning boss is arranged on the fuel first pipeline corresponding to the oxidant pipeline positioning slot;

The first oxidant pipeline and the oxidant cavity are matched with the first fuel pipeline and the fuel cavity through the matching of the oxidant pipeline positioning groove and the fuel pipeline positioning boss.

as a further improvement of the invention, the oxidant cavity and the fuel cavity are both spherical cavities, the opening direction of the spray holes on the oxidant cavity is consistent with the flowing direction of the oxidant, and the opening direction of the spray holes on the fuel cavity is opposite to the flowing direction of the oxidant.

A second object of the present invention is to provide a combustion chamber ignition device comprising: a combustion chamber, at least one electrical spark plug, and at least one multi-component gas mixer;

the electric spark plug and the multi-component gas mixer are both arranged on the combustion chamber, and the mixed gas sprayed by the multi-component gas mixer is combusted in a combustion cavity of the combustion chamber by electric sparks generated by the electric spark plug.

As a further improvement of the invention, the device also comprises a spray pipe;

The spray pipe is arranged at the tail part of the combustion chamber and used for accelerating high-temperature fuel gas.

A third object of the present invention is to provide a torch ignition system, comprising: the device comprises a nitrogen blowing system, an oxidant supply system, a fuel supply system and a combustion chamber ignition device;

the nitrogen generated by the nitrogen blowing system and the oxidant generated by the oxidant supply system are connected with the oxidant pipeline of the combustion chamber ignition device through a three-way pipe;

The fuel supply system produces fuel that is connected to a fuel line of the combustor igniter.

As a further improvement of the present invention,

The nitrogen blowing system comprises a nitrogen bottle group, and a nitrogen pressure reducing valve, a nitrogen filter and a nitrogen electromagnetic valve are arranged on a pipeline between the nitrogen bottle group and the three-way pipe;

The oxidant supply system comprises an oxidant gas cylinder group, and an oxidant pressure reducing valve, an oxidant filter, an oxidant flowmeter, an oxidant electromagnetic valve and an oxidant check valve are arranged on a pipeline between the oxidant gas cylinder group and the three-way pipe;

the fuel supply system comprises a fuel gas cylinder group, and a fuel pressure reducing valve, a fuel filter, a fuel flow meter, a fuel electromagnetic valve and a fuel check valve are installed on a pipeline between the fuel gas cylinder group and a fuel pipeline.

compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

The fuel pipeline is arranged in the oxidant pipeline, and the fuel cavity is arranged in the oxidant cavity; after being sprayed out from the spray hole of the fuel cavity, the fuel is fully mixed with the oxidant in the oxidant cavity and then is sprayed into the combustion chamber from the spray hole of the oxidant cavity; the structure of the mixer realizes the uniform mixing of multi-component gas, and solves the problems of insufficient mixing and low ignition reliability caused by high gas velocity in the prior art;

the flowing directions of the fuel fluid and the oxidant fluid are opposite, so that the fuel and the oxidant can be more fully mixed;

according to the invention, by designing the nitrogen blowing system, after ignition is finished, the oxidant supply system and the fuel supply system are closed, and the nitrogen blowing system is opened at the same time, so that the oxidant in the pipeline is blown by using nitrogen, and flame is prevented from burning in the torch mixer; and closing the nitrogen blowing system after blowing.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a multi-component gas mixer according to one embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure A-A of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the mixer head of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of an oxidant line adapter of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a combustion chamber ignition device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a flare ignition system as disclosed in one embodiment of the present invention.

in the figure:

1. an oxidant chamber; 2. a fuel chamber; 3. an oxidant first conduit; 4. a first conduit for fuel; 5. a fuel pipe positioning boss; 6. an oxidant conduit locating slot; 7. an oxidant pipeline adapter; 8. positioning the support hole; 9. an oxidant second conduit; 10. a second conduit for fuel; 11. an electric spark plug; 12. a combustion chamber; 13. a nitrogen gas cylinder group; 14. a nitrogen pressure reducing valve; 15. a nitrogen filter; 16. a nitrogen solenoid valve; 17. an oxidant gas cylinder group; 18. an oxidant pressure reducing valve; 19. an oxidant filter; 20. an oxidant flow meter; 21. an oxidant solenoid valve; 22. an oxidant check valve; 23. a fuel gas cylinder group; 24. a fuel pressure reducing valve; 25. a fuel filter; 26. a fuel flow meter; 27. a fuel solenoid valve; 28. a fuel check valve.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.

in the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures: