阅读说明：本技术 一种缓解碟式太阳能发电系统吸热器受热不均匀的结构和方法 (Structure and method for relieving uneven heating of heat absorber of disc type solar power generation system ) 是由 刘润宝 周宇昊 郑梦超 于 2019-08-13 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种缓解碟式太阳能发电系统吸热器受热不均匀的结构和方法,属于太阳能热利用技术领域,具体用于碟式太阳能发电系统的改良及优化。目前,还没有一种碟式太阳能发电系统能简便、经济、可控性高地去解决吸热器上局部过热及分区域温差过大带来的问题。本发明增加一组可旋转的光伏模块,通过遮挡部分反射镜,减少高温区域的反射光摄入,达到缓解过热及分区域温差过大的效果。同时,设置的光伏模块也可回收遮光部分的能量。本发明方法简单、迅速、高效、自动化程度高、可操作性强,可由控制装置自动控制,或业主自行设置,无需专业调光人员到现场操作,极大方便了碟式太阳能发电业主的实际运行操作,有利于碟式太阳能发电的推广。(The invention discloses a structure and a method for relieving uneven heating of a heat absorber of a disc type solar power generation system, belongs to the technical field of solar heat utilization, and is particularly used for improvement and optimization of the disc type solar power generation system. At present, no disc type solar power generation system is available, which can simply, economically and high controllably solve the problems caused by local overheating and large temperature difference in different regions on a heat absorber. According to the invention, a group of rotatable photovoltaic modules is added, and reflected light intake in a high-temperature area is reduced by shielding part of the reflector, so that the effects of relieving overheating and overlarge temperature difference in areas are achieved. Meanwhile, the arranged photovoltaic module can also recover the energy of the shading part. The method is simple, rapid, efficient, high in automation degree and strong in operability, can be automatically controlled by the control device or set by the owner, does not need professional dimming personnel to operate on site, greatly facilitates the actual operation of the owner of the disc type solar power generation, and is beneficial to popularization of the disc type solar power generation.)

1. The utility model provides a alleviate dish formula solar electric system heat absorber and be heated inhomogeneous structure, includes stirling power generation system (1), characterized by, stirling power generation system (1) includes heat absorber (2), heat absorber (2) are connected with dish formula framework (3) through cantilever (6), dish formula framework (3) are fixed on stand (5), install speculum (4) on dish formula framework (3), and speculum (4) and heat absorber (2) arrange in opposite directions, install rotatory photovoltaic module (7) on speculum (4), and rotatory photovoltaic module (7) and speculum (4) swing joint, rotatory photovoltaic module (7) are connected with controlling means (8) and battery (9).

2. The structure for relieving uneven heating of the heat absorber of the dish type solar power generation system according to claim 1, wherein a thermocouple is installed on the heat absorber (2), and the thermocouple is connected with a control device (8).

3. The structure for relieving uneven heating of the heat absorber of the dish type solar power generation system according to claim 1, wherein the reflector (4) is provided with a plurality of blocks, the reflector (4) is of a fan-shaped structure, and the rotary photovoltaic module (7) is of a fan-shaped structure.

4. A method for relieving uneven heating of a heat absorber of a disc-type solar power generation system is characterized in that the structure for relieving uneven heating of the heat absorber of the disc-type solar power generation system is used, according to any one of claims 1 to 3, a one-to-one correspondence exists between positions of light spots on reflectors (4) and the heat absorber (2), namely theoretically, the position of a light-gathering central point of each reflector (4) clearly corresponds to a certain point on the heat absorber (2), for a Stirling multi-cylinder machine, each cylinder is provided with corresponding sub-areas on the heat absorber (2), namely, a plurality of corresponding reflectors (4), a plurality of thermocouples or other temperature measuring equipment are arranged in each cylinder and on each area of the corresponding heat absorber (2), when the temperature displayed by a certain thermocouple exceeds the allowable temperature, or the temperature difference between the sub-areas exceeds the allowable temperature difference, the optimal shielding position is analyzed and selected through a control device (8), the light intensity of the local high-temperature area is reduced, uneven heating on the heat absorber (2) is relieved, and the rotating photovoltaic module (7) rotates to a position specified by an instruction after receiving the instruction of the control device (8).

5. The method for relieving uneven heating of the heat absorber of the dish solar power generation system according to claim 4, wherein the electricity generated by the rotating photovoltaic module (7) is led down through a lead and stored in a storage battery (9) for service use; and the surplus electric quantity is connected to the grid through an inverter.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a structure and a method for relieving uneven heating of a heat absorber of a disc type solar power generation system, belongs to the technical field of solar heat utilization, and is particularly used for improvement and optimization of the disc type solar power generation system.

Background

The disc type solar power generation is one of solar thermal power generation, sunlight is converged to a focus through a disc-shaped reflecting mirror surface, reflected energy is absorbed by an absorber near the focus and is converted into heat energy, the heat energy is taken away through a working medium, and a Stirling engine is driven to run to generate power, for example, the invention patent application with the publication number of CN108757356A and the publication number of 2018, 11 and 6. In recent years, the disc type solar power generation is developed to a certain extent, the single-machine capacity is gradually increased, and the disc type solar power generation system with the single-machine power of 25kW becomes a mainstream product at present. In order to reduce unit cost, the continuous expansion of single-machine capacity is a trend of future development of the disc-type solar power generation. Along with the increase of the capacity of a single machine, the structure of the Stirling generator is changed, the previous single cylinder is changed into multiple cylinders, and the multiple cylinders are linked and connected end to end through connecting rods to jointly output mechanical work to push the generator to be converted into electric energy. For example, in the currently common 25kW dish solar power generation system, the stirling engine is generally 4 cylinders, there are 4 corresponding sub-regions on the heat absorber, and there are 4 corresponding portions on the reflector surface. Because the 4 cylinders of the Stirling power generation system are in linkage output, the requirement for the uniformity of light spots on the heat absorber is higher. The processing precision of the support framework, the installation of the reflector and the tracking precision of the tracking drive of the existing disc type solar power generation system can generally ensure that most of light reflected by the reflector is converged on a heat absorber, but the light intensity distribution and the temperature distribution on the heat absorber are difficult to control or adjust, and besides the equipment and the installation precision, the equipment and the installation precision also depend on the fine adjustment experience and hand feeling of a debugging person. The light intensity density of a certain area on the heat absorber is too high, so that the local pipe wall temperature is easily too high, and the temperature exceeds the limit temperature allowed by the pipe wall material. However, according to the test condition of the current test prototype, the problem of overlarge relative temperature difference between the subareas is much more serious than the problem of local temperature overrun. The maximum temperature difference among the cylinders is generally 200-300 ℃. Because the cylinders are connected end to end through the connecting rod, the force is exerted together to do work, and the temperature difference exists between the cylinders, which means that the force exerted by each cylinder is unbalanced, the stress direction of the connecting rod deviates from the expectation, the situation of friction or collision between the piston and the cylinder wall can be generated, and when the temperature difference exceeds a certain degree, even working medium leakage can occur, so that the Stirling engine stops working. Because the shape and the light intensity distribution of the light spot on the heat absorber belong to uncontrollable factors, the process of adjusting once is complex, the cost is high, a device manufacturer is required to appoint professional dimming personnel to operate for a long time, and the crane or the lift car and other devices are used, so that when the local overheating or the temperature difference is too large, the owner cannot operate by himself or herself, the adjustment is difficult to be made in time, the operation can only be suspended, the operation is waited for the device manufacturer personnel to handle, and the normal operation of the disc-type solar power generation system is seriously influenced. And because the facula of each speculum on the dish formula support framework all assembles on very little area, it is difficult to judge which speculum deviates from predetermineeing, will reduce high temperature region light intensity and should remove which speculum, consequently, even if through professional dimming personnel adjust luminance after, the relative difference in temperature between the subregion still exceeds 150 ℃.

In summary, no disc-type solar power generation system is available at present, which can solve the problems caused by local overheating and excessive temperature difference in different regions on the heat absorber simply, economically and with high controllability.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, provides a structure and a method for relieving uneven heating of a heat absorber of a disc type solar power generation system, and solves the problems caused by local overheating and overlarge temperature difference of regions on the heat absorber.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the problems is as follows: the utility model provides a alleviate dish formula solar electric system heat absorber and be heated inhomogeneous structure, includes stirling power generation system, characterized by, stirling power generation system includes the heat absorber, the heat absorber passes through the cantilever and is connected with dish formula framework, dish formula framework is fixed on the stand, install the speculum on the dish formula framework, and speculum and heat absorber arrange in opposite directions, install rotatory photovoltaic module on the speculum, and rotatory photovoltaic module and speculum swing joint, rotatory photovoltaic module is connected with controlling means and battery.

A method for relieving uneven heating of a heat absorber of a disc-type solar power generation system is characterized in that by using the structure for relieving uneven heating of the heat absorber of the disc-type solar power generation system, light spot positions on reflectors and the heat absorber have one-to-one correspondence, namely theoretically, the position of a light-gathering central point of each reflector clearly corresponds to a certain point on the heat absorber, for a multi-cylinder Stirling engine, each cylinder is provided with a corresponding sub-area on the heat absorber, namely a plurality of corresponding reflectors, a plurality of thermocouples or other temperature measuring equipment are arranged in each cylinder and on each corresponding area of the heat absorber, when the temperature displayed by a certain thermocouple exceeds the allowable temperature or the temperature difference between the sub-areas exceeds the allowable temperature difference, the optimal shielding position is analyzed and selected by a control device, the light intensity intake of a local high-temperature area is reduced, and uneven heating on the heat absorber is relieved, and after receiving the instruction of the control device, the rotating photovoltaic module rotates to the position specified by the instruction.

Furthermore, each cylinder corresponds to a plurality of reflectors in the sub-area, and the reflectors are distributed according to a fan shape as far as possible, so that the photovoltaic module can be rotated to effectively shield light, and the energy intake of a certain area on the heat absorber can be accurately reduced.

Furthermore, the electricity generated by the rotating photovoltaic module is led down through a lead and stored in a storage battery for service electricity; and the surplus electric quantity is connected to the grid through an inverter.

Furthermore, when the control device analyzes the optimal shielding position, the maximum temperature difference between the subareas is considered, the temperature difference of the two cylinders connected by the same connecting rod corresponding to the subareas needs to be comprehensively considered, and the linkage between the adjacent cylinders is more direct.

Furthermore, when the control device analyzes the optimal shielding position, the temperature is uniform as much as possible, and the current position of the rotating photovoltaic module needs to be comprehensively considered, so that the large swing of the rotating photovoltaic module is reduced as much as possible.

Furthermore, after the reflector is dimmed, the relative temperature difference between the regions is generally stable, so that the control device should be set in a locking mode in addition to automatically analyzing the control mode. After the control device analyzes and moves the photovoltaic module to the designated position, the owner operates to lock the photovoltaic module, the drive consumption is reduced, and the automatic analysis control mode of the control device is started until the temperature difference is observed to be obviously increased along with the time.

Preferably, the stirling engine is provided with 1 thermocouple per cylinder and more than 2 thermocouples per sub-region of the heat absorber.

Furthermore, the rotating photovoltaic module can adopt a thin film photovoltaic panel, so that the weight of the module is reduced, and the energy consumed by driving is reduced.

Furthermore, the electric quantity generated by the rotating photovoltaic module can be directly used for charging a direct current, and is directly used for charging an automobile, so that the cost and the loss in the inversion process are reduced, and the comprehensive efficiency is further improved.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and effects: aiming at the problems caused by local overheating and overlarge temperature difference of regions on a heat absorber in the conventional disc type solar power generation system, the invention adds a group of rotatable photovoltaic modules, reduces reflected light intake of high-temperature regions by shielding partial reflectors, and achieves the effect of relieving overheating and overlarge temperature difference of regions. Meanwhile, the arranged photovoltaic module can also recover the energy of the shading part. Compared with the conventional method of controlling the light intensity distribution by adjusting the reflectors one by a light adjuster, the method is simple, rapid, efficient, high in automation degree and strong in operability, can be automatically controlled by a control device or set by a proprietor, does not need professional light adjusters to operate on site, greatly facilitates the actual operation of the disc type solar power generation proprietor, and is favorable for the popularization of the commercialization of the disc type solar power generation.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a reflector and a rotating photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the invention.

In the figure: 1-a stirling power generation system; 2-a heat absorber; 3-a dish-type framework; 4-a mirror; 5-upright column; 6-cantilever; 7-rotating the photovoltaic module; 8-a control device; 9-storage battery.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail below by way of examples with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are illustrative of the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1 to 2, the structure for relieving uneven heating of the heat absorber of the dish-type solar power generation system in the embodiment includes a stirling power generation system 1 (including a heat absorber 2, a stirling engine, a generator, a heat dissipation device, a baffle, a housing, and the like), a reflector 4, a dish-type support structure (including a cantilever 6, a column 5, and a dish-type framework 3), a rotating photovoltaic module 7, a control device 8 (including control over the dish-type support structure and the rotating photovoltaic module 7), a storage battery 9, an inverter, and the like.

The heat absorber 2 is connected with the disc type framework 3 through the cantilever 6, the disc type framework 3 is fixed on the stand column 5, the reflector 4 is installed on the disc type framework 3, the reflector 4 and the heat absorber 2 are arranged in opposite directions, the rotating photovoltaic module 7 is installed on the reflector 4, the rotating photovoltaic module 7 is movably connected with the reflector 4, and the rotating photovoltaic module 7 is connected with the control device 8 and the storage battery 9.

The disc-type solar power generation system in the embodiment is formed by adding a rotatable photovoltaic module on the basis of a conventional disc-type power generation system, and the light intensity distribution on the heat absorber 2 of the disc-type solar power generation system is adjusted by blocking reflected light of the partial reflector 4. There is a one-to-one correspondence between the positions of the light spots on the reflectors 4 and the heat absorber 2, that is, theoretically, the position of the light-gathering central point of each reflector 4 definitely corresponds to a certain point on the heat absorber 2. For the multi-cylinder Stirling power generation system 1, each cylinder is provided with a corresponding sub-area on the heat absorber 2, namely a plurality of reflectors 4. A plurality of thermocouples or other temperature measuring equipment are arranged in each cylinder and on each area of the corresponding heat absorber 2, 1 thermocouple is suggested to be arranged in each cylinder of the Stirling engine, and more than 2 thermocouples are suggested to be arranged in each sub-area of the heat absorber 2. When the temperature displayed by a certain thermocouple exceeds the allowable temperature or the temperature difference between the sub-areas exceeds the allowable temperature difference, the control device 8 analyzes and selects the optimal shielding position, so that the light intensity intake of the local high-temperature area is reduced, and the uneven heating on the heat absorber 2 is relieved as much as possible. After receiving the instruction of the control device 8, the rotating photovoltaic module 7 rotates to the position designated by the instruction. The electricity generated by the rotating photovoltaic module 7 is led down through a lead and can be stored in the storage battery 9 and used for the drive of the disc-type framework 3 and other auxiliary power; the surplus electric quantity can also be connected to the grid through the inverter.

Although the present invention has been described with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood that the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and modifications made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention are also within the scope of the present invention.