阅读说明：本技术 一种全波同步整流的摩托车全mos管调压器 (full-MOS tube voltage regulator of motorcycle of full-wave synchronous rectification ) 是由 李红星 付强 王开云 于 2019-09-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种全波同步整流的摩托车全MOS管调压器,包括全MOS管整流回路,该全MOS管整流回路包括整流桥和滤波电容,所述整流桥的各相均包括上桥臂和下桥臂,所述上桥臂和下桥臂均由MOS管构成；对应各上桥臂分别设有一电压检测单元、信号识别单元和上桥臂MOS管驱动单元；还包括控制芯片、相位采集电路、电压反馈电路以及下桥臂MOS管驱动电路。本发明能够有效降低发热量,减少损耗并提升效率。(the invention discloses a full-MOS tube voltage regulator of a full-wave synchronous rectification motorcycle, which comprises a full-MOS tube rectification loop, wherein the full-MOS tube rectification loop comprises a rectifier bridge and a filter capacitor, each phase of the rectifier bridge comprises an upper bridge arm and a lower bridge arm, and the upper bridge arm and the lower bridge arm are both formed by MOS tubes; a voltage detection unit, a signal identification unit and an upper bridge arm MOS tube driving unit are respectively arranged corresponding to each upper bridge arm; the bridge-arm power supply further comprises a control chip, a phase acquisition circuit, a voltage feedback circuit and a lower bridge arm MOS tube driving circuit. The invention can effectively reduce the heat productivity, reduce the loss and improve the efficiency.)

1. A full-MOS tube voltage regulator of a full-wave synchronous rectification motorcycle comprises a full-MOS tube rectification loop, wherein the full-MOS tube rectification loop comprises a rectifier bridge and a filter capacitor, each phase of the rectifier bridge comprises an upper bridge arm and a lower bridge arm, and the upper bridge arm and the lower bridge arm are both formed by MOS tubes; the method is characterized in that:

The voltage detection unit is used for collecting the voltage difference between the output voltage of the generator and the output voltage of the rectifier and transmitting the collected voltage difference signal to the signal identification unit, the signal identification unit judges whether the generator is in a rectifier state or not after receiving the voltage difference signal, if so, a conduction signal is sent to the upper bridge arm MOS tube driving unit, and the conduction of the upper bridge arm MOS tube is controlled by the upper bridge arm MOS tube driving unit; otherwise, a cut-off signal is sent to the upper bridge arm MOS tube driving unit, and the upper bridge arm MOS tube driving unit controls the upper bridge arm MOS tube to be cut off;

The control circuit comprises a control chip, a phase acquisition circuit, a voltage feedback circuit and a lower bridge arm MOS tube driving circuit, wherein the phase acquisition circuit is used for acquiring output phase signals of the generator and transmitting the acquired output phase signals to the control chip, the voltage feedback circuit is connected with the rectification output end of the full MOS tube rectification loop and is used for acquiring output voltage signals of the full MOS tube rectification loop and transmitting the acquired output voltage signals to the control chip, and the control chip controls the conduction or the cut-off of the MOS tube of the lower bridge arm of the rectification bridge through the MOS tube driving circuit according to the received phase signals and the output voltage signals.

2. the full-wave synchronous rectification motorcycle full-MOS tube voltage regulator according to claim 1, wherein the voltage difference signal collected by the voltage detection unit is U _DIF k (U _i -U _b),

in the formula, k is a coefficient of (U _i -U _b), and U _u is an alternating current input phase voltage and a rectified output voltage U _b.

3. The full-wave synchronous rectification motorcycle full-MOS tube voltage regulator according to claim 2 is characterized in that a voltage threshold U _Δ is preset in the signal identification unit, and after the signal identification unit receives the voltage difference signal, the voltage difference U _DIF is compared with the voltage threshold U _Δ:

When U _DIF is greater than U _Δ, the phase rectifier is judged to be in a rectification state, a conducting signal is sent to the phase upper bridge arm MOS tube driving unit, and after the upper bridge arm MOS tube driving unit receives the conducting signal, a high-level trigger signal is sent to the grid electrode of the MOS tube to enable the MOS tube to be conducted;

and when U _DIF is less than U _Δ, the phase rectifier is judged to be in a non-rectification state, a cut-off signal is sent to the phase upper bridge arm MOS tube driving unit, and after the upper bridge arm MOS tube driving unit receives the cut-off signal, a low-impedance path from the drain electrode to the gate electrode of the MOS tube is provided for the gate electrode of the MOS tube, so that the charges stored in the gate electrode of the MOS tube are extracted, and the cut-off of the Q2 is accelerated.

4. The full-wave synchronous rectification motorcycle full-MOS tube voltage regulator according to claim 3, characterized in that: setting a voltage control period T and a control period number N in a control chip, and acquiring an alternating voltage period T of the generator; when T is less than or equal to txN, the conduction angle alpha control mode is adopted to control the conduction or the disconnection of the MOS tube of the lower bridge arm to control the rectified output voltage; and when T is more than T multiplied by N, the lower bridge arm MOS tube is controlled to be switched on or switched off by adopting a cycle duty ratio mode to control the rectified output voltage.

5. the full-wave synchronous rectification motorcycle full-MOS tube voltage regulator according to claim 4, characterized in that:

When the conduction angle alpha is adopted to control the rectified output voltage, the conduction angle alpha of the MOS tube is converted by a voltage control quantity u _C to obtain:

In the formula, u _C is a voltage control quantity, alpha is a control angle of the cycle, alpha _N-1 is a measurement of the cycle of the last cycle, and k _θ is a control quantity angle conversion coefficient;

The voltage control amount u _C is obtained by a proportional manner or a proportional-integral manner, in which:

obtaining voltage control quantity in a proportional mode P:

u_C＝k_P×(U_b-U_REF)；

In the formula, U _C is a voltage control quantity, U _b is a feedback sampling value, and k _P is an amplification factor.

U _REF is the rectified output target value:

U_REF＝(U_max+U_min)/2；

u _max is the set target voltage maximum and U _min is the set target voltage minimum.

Obtaining a voltage control quantity by a proportional integral mode PI:

Note that initial U _C(0) is 0, where k _P is a proportional amplification factor, T _I is an integral constant, U _f(k) is the current dc output voltage feedback sample value, U _f(k-1) is the last dc output voltage feedback sample value, U _ref is the dc output voltage set value, U _C(k-1) is the last voltage control amount, and U _C(k) is the current voltage control amount.

6. The full-wave synchronous rectification motorcycle full-MOS tube voltage regulator according to claim 4, characterized in that:

When the duty ratio is adopted to control the rectified output voltage, N alternating sine wave positive half waves needing zero-crossing output in the N alternating sine waves are calculated, and the duty ratio delta is calculated as follows:

Wherein δ is the duty cycle; taking N ac sine waves as the control period, the number of output cycles corresponding to the duty ratio δ in the N ac sine waves is: n is N × δ.

7. The full-wave synchronous rectification motorcycle full-MOS tube voltage regulator according to claim 4, characterized in that: in an alternating current waveform of a control period, a lower bridge arm is conducted, an upper bridge arm is cut off, a lower bridge arm is cut off, the upper bridge arm is conducted, the conduction and the cut-off of a lower bridge arm MOS tube are controlled by a conduction angle alpha or a duty ratio delta, the upper bridge arm MOS tube follows the lower bridge arm MOS tube, the conduction and the cut-off of the lower bridge arm MOS tube are mutually exclusive, and a conduction dead zone exists between the conduction and the cut-off of the lower bridge arm.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of motorcycle voltage conversion, in particular to a full-wave synchronous rectification motorcycle MOS tube voltage regulator.

background

The current motorcycle voltage converter mainly adopts a mode of phase-controlled rectification output direct-current voltage to supply power to rear-end equipment by a rectifier circuit constructed by silicon controlled rectifier and diode/silicon controlled rectifier. The rectifier diode, the silicon controlled rectifier and other devices are adopted, so that the conduction voltage drop is large, the loss and heat productivity are large, the reliability is reduced, and the efficiency is not high. In order to overcome the problem of large heat productivity, a main circuit formed by replacing a rectifier diode and a silicon controlled rectifier by a main circuit part of a diode/MOS tube and a full MOS tube is adopted at present, and the purpose is to reduce the heat productivity by utilizing the low on-resistance characteristic of the MOS tube.

For the main circuit of the full MOS tube, the MOS tube of the upper bridge arm works in a diode state, is equivalent to a diode, and is in a rectification and blocking state; the MOS of the lower bridge arm is in a low on-resistance state, so that the heat generated by the lower bridge arm is obviously reduced, and the efficiency of the whole machine is improved. But because the upper bridge arm is still in a diode state, the heat reduction of the upper bridge arm is limited; from the heat generation, the heat generation of two main loops, namely Schottky diode/MOS and full MOS tube, mainly comes from an upper bridge arm Schottky diode or MOS tube body diode. Therefore, how to further reduce the heat generation amount, reduce the loss and improve the efficiency has become a technical problem which needs to be solved by those skilled in the art.

disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to solve the problems of high heat generation, high loss and low efficiency of the conventional full MOS tube voltage regulator, and provides a full-wave synchronous rectification motorcycle full MOS tube voltage regulator which can effectively reduce the heat generation, reduce the loss and improve the efficiency.

in order to solve the technical problem, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a full-MOS tube voltage regulator of a full-wave synchronous rectification motorcycle comprises a full-MOS tube rectification loop, wherein the full-MOS tube rectification loop comprises a rectifier bridge and a filter capacitor, each phase of the rectifier bridge comprises an upper bridge arm and a lower bridge arm, and the upper bridge arm and the lower bridge arm are both formed by MOS tubes; the method is characterized in that:

The voltage detection unit is used for collecting the voltage difference between the output voltage of the generator and the output voltage of the rectifier and transmitting the collected voltage difference signal to the signal identification unit, the signal identification unit judges whether the generator is in a rectifier state or not after receiving the voltage difference signal, if so, a conduction signal is sent to the upper bridge arm MOS tube driving unit, and the conduction of the upper bridge arm MOS tube is controlled by the upper bridge arm MOS tube driving unit; otherwise, a cut-off signal is sent to the upper bridge arm MOS tube driving unit, and the upper bridge arm MOS tube driving unit controls the upper bridge arm MOS tube to be cut off;

The control circuit comprises a control chip, a phase acquisition circuit, a voltage feedback circuit and a lower bridge arm MOS tube driving circuit, wherein the phase acquisition circuit is used for acquiring output phase signals of the generator and transmitting the acquired output phase signals to the control chip, the voltage feedback circuit is connected with the rectification output end of the full MOS tube rectification loop and is used for acquiring output voltage signals of the full MOS tube rectification loop and transmitting the acquired output voltage signals to the control chip, and the control chip controls the conduction or the cut-off of the MOS tube of the lower bridge arm of the rectification bridge through the MOS tube driving circuit according to the received phase signals and the output voltage signals.

Further, the voltage detection unit acquires a voltage difference signal of U _DIF ═ k (U _i -U _b),

In the formula, k is a coefficient of (U _i -U _b), and U _u is an alternating current input phase voltage and a rectified output voltage U _b.

Further, a voltage threshold U _Δ is preset in the signal identification unit, and after receiving the voltage difference signal, the signal identification unit compares the voltage difference U _DIF with the voltage threshold U _Δ:

when U _DIF is greater than U _Δ, the phase rectifier is judged to be in a rectification state, a conducting signal is sent to the phase upper bridge arm MOS tube driving unit, and after the upper bridge arm MOS tube driving unit receives the conducting signal, a high-level trigger signal is sent to the grid electrode of the MOS tube to enable the MOS tube to be conducted;

and when U _DIF is less than U _Δ, the phase rectifier is judged to be in a non-rectification state, a cut-off signal is sent to the phase upper bridge arm MOS tube driving unit, and after the upper bridge arm MOS tube driving unit receives the cut-off signal, a low-impedance path from the drain electrode to the gate electrode of the MOS tube is provided for the gate electrode of the MOS tube, so that the charges stored in the gate electrode of the MOS tube are extracted, and the cut-off of the Q2 is accelerated.

Further, setting a voltage control period T and a control period number N in the control chip, and collecting an alternating voltage period T of the generator; when T is less than or equal to txN, the conduction angle alpha control mode is adopted to control the conduction or the disconnection of the MOS tube of the lower bridge arm to control the rectified output voltage; and when T is more than T multiplied by N, the lower bridge arm MOS tube is controlled to be switched on or switched off by adopting a cycle duty ratio mode to control the rectified output voltage.

further, when the conduction angle α is used for controlling the rectified output voltage, the conduction angle α of the MOS transistor is converted by the voltage control amount u _C to obtain:

In the formula, u _C is a voltage control quantity, alpha is a control angle of the cycle, alpha _N-1 is a measurement of the cycle of the last cycle, and k _θ is a control quantity angle conversion coefficient;

the voltage control amount u _C is obtained by a proportional manner or a proportional-integral manner, in which:

obtaining voltage control quantity in a proportional mode P:

u_C＝k_P×(U_b-U_REF)；

In the formula, U _C is a voltage control quantity, U _b is a feedback sampling value, and k _P is an amplification factor.

U _REF is the rectified output target value:

U_REF＝(U_max+U_min)/2；

u _max is the set target voltage maximum and U _min is the set target voltage minimum.

Obtaining a voltage control quantity by a proportional integral mode PI:

note that initial U _C(0) is 0, where k _P is a proportional amplification factor, T _I is an integral constant, U _f(k) is the current dc output voltage feedback sample value, U _f(k-1) is the last dc output voltage feedback sample value, U _ref is the dc output voltage set value, U _C(k-1) is the last voltage control amount, and U _C(k) is the current voltage control amount.

further, when the duty ratio is adopted to control the rectified output voltage, N alternating sine wave positive half waves needing zero-crossing output in the N alternating sine waves are calculated, and the duty ratio delta is calculated as follows:

Wherein δ is the duty cycle; taking N ac sine waves as the control period, the number of output cycles corresponding to the duty ratio δ in the N ac sine waves is: n is N × δ.

Furthermore, in the alternating current waveform of the control period, the lower bridge arm is conducted, the upper bridge arm is cut off, the lower bridge arm is cut off, the upper bridge arm is conducted, the conduction and the cut-off of the lower bridge arm MOS tube are controlled by a conduction angle alpha or a duty ratio delta, the upper bridge arm MOS tube follows the lower bridge arm MOS tube, the conduction and the cut-off of the lower bridge arm MOS tube are mutually exclusive, and a conduction dead zone exists between the conduction and the cut-off of the lower bridge arm MOS tube.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: the heat loss of a bridge arm power device (MOS tube) on the rectifier bridge is below 1/5 of the original loss, the whole power consumption is reduced to 1/3 of the original loss, the power consumption is lower, the temperature of the voltage regulator is greatly reduced, the service life of the device is prolonged, the heat failure rate is reduced, the efficiency is greatly improved, a common temperature device can be selected, and the cost is effectively reduced.

drawings

fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a full-wave synchronous rectified motorcycle full-MOS tube voltage regulator.

Fig. 2 is a diagram of single-phase conduction angle control output power.

Fig. 3 is a three-phase duty ratio control output power diagram.

fig. 4 is a circuit schematic diagram of an upper bridge arm MOS transistor driving unit and a lower bridge arm MOS transistor driving circuit.

fig. 5 is a graph of the on-off curve of the upper and lower bridge arms.

Detailed Description

the invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings and the embodiments.