阅读说明：本技术 一种骨科取钉装置 (Orthopedics nail taking device ) 是由 蔺超 王雅宁 张国强 刘增艳 于 2019-10-18 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于骨科手术设备技术领域,具体涉及一种骨科取钉装置,包括固定板,所述固定板的中间螺纹连接有导向杆,所述导向杆的顶端设有转动把手,所述导向杆的底端设有取钉盘和摇杆,所述取钉盘内设有大锥齿轮,所述大锥齿轮的一面啮合有3个小锥齿轮,所述大锥齿轮的另一面设有平面螺纹,所述平面螺纹上设有3个夹持块,所示摇杆伸入所述小锥齿轮的方形凹槽内。本发明提供的骨科取钉装置,结构简单,设计合理,可牢固地夹紧骨钉,防止骨钉滑脱,使取钉过程简化、快速,即使遇到骨钉断裂,也可轻松将骨钉取出,本发明采用手动缓慢地将骨钉拔出,可避免电动拔钉时产生的震动对骨骼造成的二次伤害。(The invention belongs to the technical field of orthopedic surgery equipment, and particularly relates to an orthopedic nail taking device which comprises a fixed plate, wherein a guide rod is connected to the middle of the fixed plate in a threaded manner, a rotating handle is arranged at the top end of the guide rod, a nail taking disc and a rocker are arranged at the bottom end of the guide rod, a large bevel gear is arranged in the nail taking disc, 3 small bevel gears are meshed on one surface of the large bevel gear, planar threads are arranged on the other surface of the large bevel gear, 3 clamping blocks are arranged on the planar threads, and the rocker extends into a square groove of the small bevel gear. The orthopedic bone nail taking device provided by the invention has the advantages of simple structure and reasonable design, can firmly clamp the bone nail, prevent the bone nail from slipping, simplify and quickly take the nail, and easily take out the bone nail even if the bone nail is broken.)

1. the orthopedic nail taking device is characterized by comprising a fixing plate, wherein a threaded hole is formed in the middle of the fixing plate, and a guide rod is connected with the threaded hole in a threaded manner; the top end of the guide rod is fixedly connected with a rotating disc, a rotating handle is arranged on the rotating disc, and a nail taking disc and a rocker are arranged at the bottom end of the guide rod; the nail taking disc comprises a disc body, a large bevel gear is arranged in the disc body, 3 small bevel gears are meshed on one surface of the large bevel gear, the 3 small bevel gears are installed on the large bevel gear in an equally-divided mode along the circumferential direction, square grooves are formed in the 3 small bevel gears respectively, the top surfaces of the square grooves are level with the peripheral surface of the nail taking disc, the rocker is detachably connected with the square grooves, a plane thread is arranged on the other surface of the large bevel gear, 3 clamping blocks are arranged on the plane thread, screw teeth identical to the plane thread are arranged on the clamping blocks, the screw teeth are clamped in guide grooves of the plane thread, and a track is arranged on the side wall of the disc body and corresponding to the clamping blocks.

2. The orthopedic nail removing device according to claim 1, wherein a guide rail is arranged in a middle lower cavity of the guide rod, a slide rod which slides up and down along the guide rail is arranged on the guide rail, a push button is connected to one side of the slide rod, an opening which allows the push button to move up and down is arranged on one side of the guide rod, the top wall of the opening is provided with a first fixing hole, the bottom wall of the opening is provided with a second fixing hole, a first fixing column which is matched with the first fixing hole is arranged at the top end of the push button, a second fixing column which is matched with the second fixing hole is arranged at the bottom end of the push button, and a detachable bonding block is arranged at the bottom end of the slide rod.

3. the orthopedic nail removal device of claim 2, wherein the adhesive block is in threaded connection with the slide bar.

4. The orthopedic nail removing device according to claim 2, wherein a first placing groove for containing the bonding block is arranged on the side surface of the fixing plate, and a first groove cover capable of being opened and closed is arranged on the first placing groove.

5. The orthopedic nail removal device of claim 2, wherein the adhesive block is a metal adhesive block.

6. The orthopedic nail removing device according to claim 1, wherein a second placing groove for containing the rocking bar is arranged on the side surface of the fixing plate, and a second groove cover capable of being opened and closed is arranged on the second placing groove.

7. the orthopedic nail removal device according to claim 1, wherein a first anti-slip pattern is arranged on the clamping surface of the clamping block.

8. The orthopedic nail removal device according to claim 1, wherein the rocker is provided with second anti-slip threads.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of orthopedic surgery equipment, and particularly relates to an orthopedic nail taking device.

background

In medical clinic, fracture is one of common diseases caused by bone trauma, the method for treating fracture is to perform internal fixation operation, namely, after the fracture part is reduced, the reduced bones are connected by a bone plate made of metal materials and bone nails, and the bone nails need to be detached in the process of removing the bone plate after the internal fixation operation.

At present, in a fracture operation, a bone nail and a steel plate are used for fixing a fracture part, which is a commonly used operation method in the existing operation, the bone nail is implanted into a human body and needs to be taken out after a period of time, in the bone nail taking operation, the bone nail can be connected with a human skeleton due to the existence of the bone nail in the human body for a long time, great difficulty is brought to a doctor when the bone nail is taken out, and the common operation nail taking method is that a metal exposed part is clamped by a clamp to rotate strongly, so that a nail groove and tissues adjacent to the bone nail in a human body are easily damaged, or the fracture part is damaged again, the bone nail is also easily broken, the difficulty in taking the bone nail is increased, and secondary injury is brought to a patient; or during the nail taking operation, the nail taking is difficult due to over-tight fixation or slippery thread of the nail head; or the screw cap is broken by a drill to take out the steel plate and then the groove is drilled around the screw to take out the screw, the operation process increases trauma, the fracture is traumatized again, and secondary fracture is easy to occur.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide the orthopedic nail taking device which is simple in structure and convenient to operate, enables a bone nail not to slip off or break easily in the nail taking process, and does not cause wound to the fracture part again, so as to solve the technical problems.

In order to achieve the technical purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

The orthopedic nail taking device comprises a fixing plate, wherein a threaded hole is formed in the middle of the fixing plate, and a guide rod is connected with the threaded hole in a threaded manner; the top end of the guide rod is fixedly connected with a rotating disc, a rotating handle is arranged on the rotating disc, and a nail taking disc and a rocker are arranged at the bottom end of the guide rod; the nail taking disc comprises a disc body, a large bevel gear is arranged in the disc body, 3 small bevel gears are meshed on one surface of the large bevel gear, the 3 small bevel gears are installed on the large bevel gear in an equally-divided mode along the circumferential direction, square grooves are formed in the 3 small bevel gears respectively, the top surfaces of the square grooves are level with the peripheral surface of the nail taking disc, the rocker is detachably connected with the square grooves, a plane thread is arranged on the other surface of the large bevel gear, 3 clamping blocks are arranged on the plane thread, screw teeth identical to the plane thread are arranged on the clamping blocks, the screw teeth are clamped in guide grooves of the plane thread, and a track is arranged on the side wall of the disc body and corresponding to the clamping blocks.

As an improvement, the middle lower part inner chamber of guide bar is equipped with the guide rail, be equipped with on the guide rail along gliding slide bar about the guide rail, one side of slide bar is connected with pushes away the button, the guide bar is located one side that pushes away the button is equipped with holds push away the opening that the button reciprocated, the open-ended roof is equipped with first fixed orifices, the open-ended diapire is equipped with the second fixed orifices, the top that pushes away the button be equipped with the first fixed column of first fixed orifices looks adaptation, the bottom that pushes away the button be equipped with the second fixed column of second fixed orifices looks adaptation, the bottom of slide bar is equipped with the detachable bonding piece.

As a further improvement, the bonding block is in threaded connection with the sliding rod.

As a further improvement, a first placing groove for containing the bonding block is arranged on the side surface of the fixing plate, and a first groove cover capable of being opened and closed is arranged on the first placing groove.

Preferably, the bonding block is a metal bonding block.

As an improvement, a second placing groove used for containing the rocker is formed in the side face of the fixing plate, and a second groove cover capable of being opened and closed is arranged on the second placing groove.

As an improvement, a first anti-skid grain is arranged on the clamping surface of the clamping block.

As an improvement, the rocker is provided with a second anti-skid pattern.

Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

The invention provides an orthopedic nail taking device, which comprises a fixed plate, a guide rod, a rotating disc and a nail taking disc, and is simple in structure and reasonable in design, when the orthopedic nail taking device is used, the rotating disc is rotated, the rotating disc drives the guide rod to move downwards, so that clamping blocks of the nail taking disc reach the position of a bone nail, a rocker is inserted into a direction groove of a small bevel gear, the rocker is rotated, the rocker drives the small bevel gear to rotate, the small bevel gear drives a large bevel gear to rotate, the large bevel gear drives 3 clamping blocks to move towards the bone nail simultaneously due to the fact that one surface of the large bevel gear is a plane thread, so that the bone nail is clamped, the rotating disc is rotated in the opposite direction after the bone nail is clamped, the rotating disc drives the guide rod to move upwards, and the guide rod drives the nail taking disc to move upwards, so that the; the bone nail pulling device is simple and convenient to operate, the bone nail is slowly pulled out by manually rotating the guide rod, and the damage to the bone caused by vibration generated during electric nail pulling can be avoided; the structure of the nail taking disc is adopted, so that the bone nail can be firmly clamped, the bone nail is prevented from slipping, the nail taking process is simplified and fast, and secondary damage to bones is avoided; if meet the cracked condition of bone nail, scribble metallic bond on the bonding piece, promote downwards and push away the button, push away the button and drive the slide bar and move down, make bonding piece and bone nail bond as an organic whole, reuse grip block presss from both sides the bonding piece and presss from both sides tightly with the bone nail bonding department, the antiport rolling disc can take out cracked bone nail, adopt the mode of bonding safer than using the welding, the welding generally is the pressure welding that adopts, can produce certain pressure to the skeleton during the pressure welding to can cause secondary damage to the skeleton.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an orthopedic nail-removing device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIGS. 2 and 3 are schematic structural views of a staple removing disc according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a clamping block of an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a rocker according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of a guide bar according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of portion A of FIG. 6;

in the attached drawings, 1-a fixed plate, 2-a threaded hole, 3-a guide rod, 4-a rotating disc, 5-a rotating handle, 6-a nail taking disc, 7-a rocker, 8-a guide rail, 9-a sliding rod, 10-a push button, 11-a first fixed hole, 12-a second fixed hole, 13-a first fixed column, 14-a second fixed column, 15-an adhesive block, 16-a first groove cover, 17-a second groove cover, 18-a third groove cover, 31-an opening, 61-a disc body, 62-a through hole, 63-a large bevel gear, 64-a small bevel gear, 65-a clamping block, 71-a twisting head, 72-a second anti-skid thread, 631-a plane thread, 641-a square groove, 651-a thread and 652-a first anti-skid thread.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the following embodiments. Wherein the showings are for the purpose of illustration only and are shown by way of illustration only and not in actual form, and are not to be construed as limiting the present patent; to better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of an actual product; it will be understood by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted.

The same or similar reference numerals in the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention correspond to the same or similar components; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if there is an orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc. based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, it is only for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but it is not intended to indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and therefore, the terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes and are not to be construed as limiting the present patent, and the specific meaning of the terms may be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific circumstances.

As shown in figure 1, the orthopedic nail taking device comprises a fixing plate 1, wherein a threaded hole 2 is formed in the middle of the fixing plate 1, the threaded hole 2 penetrates through the fixing plate 1 from top to bottom, a guide rod 3 is connected to the inner thread of the threaded hole 2, a rotating disc 4 is fixedly connected to the top end of the guide rod 3, a rotating handle 5 is arranged on the rotating disc 4, and a nail taking disc 6 and a rocker 7 are arranged at the bottom end of the guide rod 3.

As shown in fig. 2-4, the nail fetching plate 6 includes a plate body 61 and a dust cover, a main shaft, a large bevel gear 63 and 3 small bevel gears 64 are arranged in the plate body 61, the dust cover is detachably connected with the main shaft, a through hole 62 is arranged in the center of the main shaft, the large bevel gear 63 is sleeved on the main shaft, the 3 small bevel gears 64 are engaged with one surface of the large bevel gear 63, the 3 small bevel gears 64 are equally divided and mounted on the large bevel gear 63 along the circumferential direction of the large bevel gear 63 at 120 degrees, the 3 small bevel gears 64 are respectively provided with a square groove 641, the top surface of the square groove 641 is parallel to the outer circumferential surface of the plate body 61, the other surface of the large bevel gear 63 is provided with a plane thread 631, the plane thread 631 is provided with 3 clamping blocks 65, the clamping blocks 65 are provided with screw teeth 651 identical to the plane thread 631, the screw teeth 651 are clamped in the guide grooves of, the clamping block 65 can slide on the rail, a first anti-slip pattern 652 can be arranged on the clamping surface of the clamping block 65, which is in contact with the bone nail, and the first anti-slip pattern 652 can increase the friction force between the clamping block 65 and the bone nail, so that the clamping block 65 can firmly clamp the bone nail.

as shown in fig. 5, the rocker 7 is preferably rectangular or Z-shaped, one end of the rocker 7 is provided with a twisting head 71 adapted to the square groove 641, the twisting head 71 of the rocker 7 can extend into the square groove 641 and tightly fit with the square groove 641, the rocker 7 can be pulled out from the square groove 641 when not in use, one end of the rocker 7 far away from the twisting head 71 can be provided with a second anti-slip pattern 72, the second anti-slip pattern 72 can increase the friction between the hand of the user and the rocker 7, and the rocker 7 is prevented from slipping off the hand during use, thereby avoiding unnecessary trouble and damage.

As shown in fig. 6 and 7, a guide rail 8 is disposed in an inner cavity of a middle lower portion of the guide rod 3, a slide rod 9 is slidably disposed on the guide rail 8, the slide rod 9 can slide up and down along the guide rail 8, a push button 10 is connected to one side of the slide rod 9, an opening 31 for accommodating the push button 10 to move up and down is disposed at one side of the guide rod 3 located at the push button 10, a first fixing hole 11 is disposed on a top wall of the opening 31, a second fixing hole 12 is disposed on a bottom wall of the opening 31, a first fixing column 13 adapted to the first fixing hole 11 is disposed at a top end of the push button 10, a second fixing column 14 adapted to the second fixing hole 12 is disposed at a bottom end of the push button 10, the push button 10 is pushed upward, the first fixing column 13 can be inserted into the first fixing hole 12, the push button 10 is pushed downward, the second fixing column 14 can be inserted into the second fixing hole 12: the bonding block 15 is in threaded connection or clamping connection with the sliding rod 9, the bonding block 15 is preferably a metal bonding block, the bone nail is mostly made of stainless steel, the metal bonding block and the bone nail can be bonded together quickly by adopting a metal bonding agent, and the sliding rod 9 can penetrate through the through hole 62 of the nail taking disc 6.

In this embodiment, one side or both sides of fixed plate 1 can be equipped with first standing groove and second standing groove, are equipped with the first capping 16 that can open and shut on the first standing groove, are equipped with the second capping 17 that can open and shut on the second standing groove, and first standing groove is used for holding bonding piece 15, and the second standing groove is used for holding rocker 7.

In this embodiment, the side surface of the fixing plate 1 may further be provided with a third placing groove, the third placing groove is provided with a third groove cover 18 that can be opened and closed, and the third placing groove is used for containing a metal binder.

The orthopedic nail-removing device provided by the invention has the use process that: rotating the rotating disc 4, the rotating disc 4 drives the guide rod 3 to move downwards, so that the clamping blocks 65 of the nail taking disc 6 reach the positions of the bone nails, the rocker 7 is inserted into the direction groove 641 of the small bevel gear 64, the rocker 7 is rotated, the rocker 7 drives the small bevel gear 64 to rotate, the small bevel gear 64 drives the large bevel gear 63 to rotate, the large bevel gear 63 drives 3 clamping blocks 65 to move towards the bone nails simultaneously, so that the bone nails are clamped, the rotating disc 4 rotates in the opposite direction after the bone nails are clamped, the rotating disc 4 drives the guide rod 3 to move upwards, and the guide rod 3 drives the nail taking disc 6 to move upwards, so that the bone nails are taken out of the body.

If the bone nail is broken, the use process is as follows: the metal binder is coated on the bonding block 15, the rotating disc 4 is rotated, the rotating disc 4 drives the guide rod 3 to move downwards, the clamping block of the nail taking disc 6 reaches the position of a bone nail, the push button 10 is pushed downwards, the push button 10 drives the slide rod 9 to move downwards, the bonding block 15 and the bone nail are bonded into a whole, the rocker 7 is inserted into the direction groove 641 of the small bevel gear 64, the rocker 7 is rotated, the small bevel gear 64 drives the small bevel gear 64 to rotate, the small bevel gear 64 drives the large bevel gear 63 to rotate, the large bevel gear 63 drives 3 clamping blocks 65 to move towards the bone nail simultaneously, so that the bone nail is clamped, the rotating disc 4 is rotated in the opposite direction after the bone nail is clamped, the rotating disc 4 drives the guide rod 3 to move upwards, and the guide rod 3 drives the nail taking disc 6 to move upwards, so that the bone nail is taken out of.

the above-described embodiments of the present invention should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Any other corresponding changes and modifications made according to the technical idea of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.