阅读说明：本技术 一种铁路车辆轮对直径动态检测系统 (railway vehicle wheel pair diameter dynamic detection system ) 是由 张延明 黄宇健 康成吉 朱金良 于 2019-10-08 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种铁路车辆轮对直径动态检测系统,涉及一种铁路车辆轮对检测技术,为了解决现有的人工手动检测方法工作强度大,工作效率低以及无法实时对运行中的列车轮对直径进行检测的问题。本发明的光源和相机安装在两条钢轨之间以及相邻的两个轨枕之间；相机用于获取光源照射在车轴上形成的车轴曲线图像；光源作为相机的补偿光源；车轮传感器设置在铁轨的侧壁上,车辆优先通过车轮传感器后,再通过光源和相机；轮对位置信息作为相机的触发信号；相机获取图像后,计算机进行处理,获取车辆轮对的直径数据。有益效果为实现了实时对运行中的列车轮对直径进行检测。(a dynamic detection system for the diameter of a railway vehicle wheel set relates to a railway vehicle wheel set detection technology and aims to solve the problems that the existing manual detection method is high in working strength, low in working efficiency and incapable of detecting the diameter of a running train wheel set in real time. The light source and the camera are arranged between two steel rails and between two adjacent sleepers; the camera is used for acquiring an axle curve image formed by the light source irradiating on the axle; the light source is used as a compensation light source of the camera; the wheel sensor is arranged on the side wall of the rail, and the vehicle firstly passes through the wheel sensor and then passes through the light source and the camera; the wheel set position information is used as a trigger signal of the camera; and after the camera acquires the image, the computer processes the image to acquire the diameter data of the vehicle wheel pair. The method has the beneficial effects that the diameter of the running train wheel set is detected in real time.)

1. a railway vehicle wheel set diameter dynamic detection system is characterized by comprising a wheel sensor (3), a light source (4) and a camera (5);

The light source (4) and the camera (5) are respectively arranged between the two steel rails (1) and are simultaneously positioned between the two adjacent sleepers (2); the light source (4) emits light to irradiate the axle, and the camera (5) is used for acquiring an axle curve image formed by the light source (4) irradiating the axle; the wheel sensors (3) are arranged on the side walls of the steel rails (1) to acquire wheel set position information, and the condition that a vehicle passes through the light sources (4) and the cameras (5) after passing through the wheel sensors (3) preferentially is guaranteed; the wheel set position information is used as a trigger signal of a camera (6);

And the camera (6) acquires an axle curve image formed by irradiating the axle by the light source (4), and then the diameter data of the vehicle wheel pair is acquired by processing the axle curve image through a computer.

2. A railway vehicle wheel-pair diameter dynamic detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that the camera (5) is an area-array camera.

3. A railway vehicle wheel-pair diameter dynamic detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that the irradiation direction of the light source (4) is vertical and upward;

the camera (5) is obliquely arranged, and the focuses of the light source (4) and the camera (5) are converged at the axle.

4. The railway vehicle wheel pair diameter dynamic detection system according to claim 3, wherein the processing method of the computer for acquiring the axle curve image formed by the light source (4) irradiating on the axle by the camera (5) is as follows:

And (3) converting an axle curve image formed by irradiating the axle with the light source (4) acquired by the camera (5) into an actual coordinate value in space, and determining the circle center and the radius of the axle.

5. a railway vehicle wheel pair diameter dynamic detection system according to claim 4, characterized in that the axle curve image formed by irradiating the axle with the light source (4) obtained by the camera (5) is converted into the actual coordinate values in space by the following steps:

Step one, establishing a step-shaped calibration object (6), and inversely placing the step-shaped calibration object (6) right above a light source (4), wherein the height of the step-shaped calibration object is the same as that of an axle when a vehicle runs, so that a laser light source 8 can vertically irradiate on the calibration object 7;

Step two, shooting the step-shaped calibration object (6) established in the step one through a camera (5) to obtain a step-shaped curve;

thirdly, determining an actual coordinate value in the space corresponding to each pixel on the camera (5) according to the trapezoid curve obtained in the second step, and storing the actual coordinate value in the space corresponding to each pixel on the camera (5) in a computer;

and step four, converting the bottom image of the axle acquired by the camera (5) into an actual coordinate value in space by using the pixels occupied by the axle curve acquired by the camera (5).

Technical Field

the invention relates to a railway vehicle wheel pair detection technology.

Background

With the development of railway transportation towards high speed, high density and heavy load, the wear of the tread and the wheel rim of the vehicle wheel is increasingly serious, so that the diameter of the wheel is changed, the matching relation between the wheel and the steel rail is changed, the damage of the train wheel set structural component is aggravated, the higher railway transportation cost is caused, and the railway transportation safety is directly influenced. In order to ensure the running safety of the train, the railway department stipulates that the running train needs to detect the wheel state regularly so as to determine the overhaul or the scrapping of the wheels.

The diameter of the vehicle wheel set is an important parameter of train wheel state data, and because the size of the train wheel set is large, the diameters of wheel sets of different types have large difference, and the diameter is difficult to be directly measured by a common measuring tool; at present, the measurement aspect of the vehicle wheel set still stays in a static measurement stage, the static measurement stage is used for measuring when the vehicle stops in an operation field, manual measurement is adopted, the manual measurement is high in working strength and low in working efficiency, and the static measurement cannot detect the diameter of the running train wheel set in real time.

disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems that the existing manual detection method is high in working strength and low in working efficiency and cannot detect the diameter of a running train wheel set in real time, and provides a dynamic detection system for the diameter of the railway vehicle wheel set.

The invention relates to a dynamic detection system for the wheel pair diameter of a railway vehicle, which comprises a wheel sensor, a light source and a camera;

The light source and the camera are respectively arranged between the two steel rails and are simultaneously positioned between the two adjacent sleepers; the camera is used for acquiring an axle curve image formed by the light source irradiating on the axle; the wheel sensors are arranged on the side walls of the steel rails to acquire wheel set position information, and ensure that a vehicle passes through the light sources and the cameras after passing through the wheel sensors preferentially; the wheel set position information is used as a trigger signal of the camera;

And the camera acquires an axle curve image formed by irradiating the light source on the axle, and then the axle curve image is processed by the computer to further acquire diameter data of the vehicle wheel pair.

The invention has the advantages that the diameter of the running train wheel set is detected in real time, the existing manual detection method is completely abandoned, and the dynamic detection system is provided with the light source and the camera, so the system has the advantages of fog, rain, snow, sand and dust resistance and sunlight interference resistance, can normally run in severe weather, and has stable and reliable hardware, standardization, modularization and integration.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a dynamic detection system for wheel pair diameters of railway vehicles according to a first embodiment;

fig. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a first embodiment of determining an actual coordinate value in space corresponding to each pixel on a camera.

Detailed Description