阅读说明：本技术 一种常压重油高能电子裂解法生产轻质油品的方法 (method for producing light oil product by normal pressure heavy oil high-energy electronic cracking method ) 是由 杨勇刚 梁成安 于 2019-01-28 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种常压重油高能电子裂解法生产轻质油品的方法,包括：S1、将常压重油加热至350-400℃温度,然后与雾化介质气体混合；S2、将混合后的常压重油与雾化介质气体通过雾化喷嘴喷射形成油气雾流；S3、将油气雾流与电子加速器产生的高能电子碰触而发生裂解反应得到反应产物,反应产物经冷凝降温至40-60℃温度后进行气液分离：分离后的气体一部分返回S1步骤继续作为雾化介质气体,另一部分气体进行收集采样分析；分离后的液体进行收集,即得到所述轻质油品。本发明的方法,能减少干气和焦炭的产率,多产轻质油品,提高常压重油的利用效率。(the invention discloses a method for producing light oil products by a normal-pressure heavy oil high-energy electronic cracking method, which comprises the following steps: s1, heating the normal pressure heavy oil to the temperature of 350-400 ℃, and then mixing the heated normal pressure heavy oil with the atomizing medium gas; s2, spraying the mixed normal-pressure heavy oil and the atomized medium gas through an atomizing nozzle to form oil-gas mist flow; s3, the oil gas fog flow is touched with high-energy electrons generated by an electron accelerator to carry out cracking reaction to obtain a reaction product, and the reaction product is condensed and cooled to 40-60 ℃ to carry out gas-liquid separation: returning part of the separated gas to the step S1 to be continuously used as the atomized medium gas, and collecting, sampling and analyzing the other part of the gas; and collecting the separated liquid to obtain the light oil product. The method of the invention can reduce the yield of dry gas and coke, produce more light oil products and improve the utilization efficiency of the normal pressure heavy oil.)

1. A method for producing light oil products by a normal pressure heavy oil high-energy electronic cracking method is characterized by comprising the following steps:

S1, heating the normal pressure heavy oil to the temperature of 350-400 ℃, and then mixing the heated normal pressure heavy oil with the atomized medium gas, wherein the volume ratio of the normal pressure heavy oil to the atomized medium gas is 1:3, and the atomized medium gas is hydrogen or dry gas;

S2, spraying the mixed normal pressure heavy oil and the atomizing medium gas through an atomizing nozzle to form an oil gas mist flow, wherein the grain size of more than 90% of atomizing oil drops in the oil gas mist flow needs to be less than 5 microns;

S3, the oil gas fog flow is touched with high-energy electrons generated by an electron accelerator to carry out cracking reaction to obtain a reaction product, and the reaction product is condensed and cooled to 40-60 ℃ to carry out gas-liquid separation: returning part of the separated gas to the step S1 to be continuously used as the atomized medium gas, and collecting, sampling and analyzing the other part of the gas; and collecting the separated liquid to obtain the light oil product.

2. The method for producing light oil product by atmospheric pressure heavy oil high-energy electron pyrolysis method according to claim 1, characterized in that the energy level of the electron accelerator is 2.5MeV, and the dosage of high-energy electrons is 200KGy/kg oil.

3. The method for producing light oil products by atmospheric pressure heavy oil high-energy electronic cracking method according to claim 1, wherein the light oil products comprise gasoline and diesel oil.

Technical Field

the invention relates to the field of petroleum processing, in particular to a method for producing a light oil product by a normal-pressure heavy oil high-energy electronic cracking method.

Background

at present, the normal pressure heavy oil is in the field of petroleum processing, and the lightening process can be divided into direct lightening and indirect lightening. The direct lightening refers to that the normal pressure heavy oil directly enters two production routes of delayed coking thermal cracking and catalytic cracking. Indirect lightening refers to a lightening production route that the atmospheric heavy oil is deeply drawn under reduced pressure, vacuum distillate oil is used as a catalytic raw material, vacuum residue oil is subjected to delayed coking or solvent deasphalting, extract oil is subjected to catalysis, and semi-asphalt is subjected to delayed coking. Direct lightening of atmospheric heavy oil will produce about 4% dry gas, a coking thermal cracking process produces about 20% coke, and a catalytic cracking process produces about 10% coke. The yield of dry gas and coke in the indirect lightening route of the normal pressure heavy oil is slightly lower than that of the direct method, and the dry gas and the coke are also generated. Since the conventional lightening process of the atmospheric heavy oil generates dry gas and coke, the effective utilization rate of the atmospheric heavy oil is reduced.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a method for producing light oil products by a high-energy electronic cracking method of normal-pressure heavy oil aiming at the defects, so that the yield of dry gas and coke is reduced, more light oil products are produced, and the utilization efficiency of the normal-pressure heavy oil is improved.

A method for producing light oil products by normal pressure heavy oil high energy electronic cracking method comprises the following steps:

S1, heating the normal pressure heavy oil to the temperature of 350-400 ℃, and then mixing the heated normal pressure heavy oil with the atomized medium gas, wherein the volume ratio of the normal pressure heavy oil to the atomized medium gas is 1:3, and the atomized medium gas is hydrogen or dry gas;

S2, spraying the mixed normal pressure heavy oil and the atomizing medium gas through an atomizing nozzle to form an oil gas mist flow, wherein the grain size of more than 90% of atomizing oil drops in the oil gas mist flow needs to be less than 5 microns;

S3, the oil gas fog flow is touched with high-energy electrons generated by an electron accelerator to carry out cracking reaction to obtain a reaction product, and the reaction product is condensed and cooled to 40-60 ℃ to carry out gas-liquid separation: returning part of the separated gas to the step S1 to be continuously used as the atomized medium gas, and collecting, sampling and analyzing the other part of the gas; and collecting the separated liquid to obtain the light oil product.

The energy level of the electron accelerator is 2.5MeV, and the high-energy electron dose is 200KGy/kg oil.

The light oil products include gasoline and diesel oil.

the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. high yield of light oil

High-energy electrons collide with heavy oil molecules in the reaction, and the collision positions are random. Because the energy carried by the high-energy electrons is far higher than the bond energy between heavy oil molecule atoms, the heavy oil molecules are broken at the collision position of the high-energy electrons to form small molecules, thereby achieving the purpose of cracking. Avoiding the selectivity of chain scission in thermal cracking. The generation of dry gas and coke is just caused by selective chain scission of thermal cracking, so that the generation of a large amount of dry gas and coke can be avoided, and light oil products are produced.

2. energy saving

The reaction temperature of the normal pressure heavy oil in the process is about 350-400 ℃, which is far lower than the reaction temperature of coking and catalysis by about 500 ℃.

3. Saving investment

The process has less reaction equipment, and only one reactor is arranged behind the raw material heating furnace. The coking coke towers are two, and a decoking system is additionally required to be arranged; besides a heating furnace and a reactor, a catalyst regeneration system is required for catalytic cracking.

4. Environment-friendly

The technology does not use water. The coking hydraulic decoking generates a large amount of oily sewage, and the steam for catalytic cracking is used for fluidizing and conveying the catalyst to generate a large amount of oily sewage.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to specific examples, which are, of course, intended to be only a part, but not all, of the invention.

A method for producing light oil products by normal pressure heavy oil high energy electronic cracking method comprises the following steps:

s1, heating the normal pressure heavy oil to the temperature of 350-400 ℃, and then mixing the heated normal pressure heavy oil with the atomized medium gas, wherein the volume ratio of the normal pressure heavy oil to the atomized medium gas is 1:3, and the atomized medium gas is hydrogen or dry gas;

S2, spraying the mixed normal pressure heavy oil and the atomizing medium gas through an atomizing nozzle to form an oil gas mist flow, wherein the grain size of more than 90% of atomizing oil drops in the oil gas mist flow needs to be less than 5 microns;

S3, the oil gas fog flow is touched with high-energy electrons generated by an electron accelerator to carry out cracking reaction to obtain a reaction product, and the reaction product is condensed and cooled to 40-60 ℃ to carry out gas-liquid separation: returning part of the separated gas to the step S1 to be continuously used as the atomized medium gas, and collecting, sampling and analyzing the other part of the gas; and collecting the separated liquid to obtain the light oil product.

The energy level of the electron accelerator is 2.5MeV, and the high-energy electron dose is 200KGy/kg oil.

The light oil products include gasoline and diesel oil.

The reactor is a reaction tank, the reaction tank comprises a first tank body and a second tank body which are mutually communicated from top to bottom, the diameter of the second tank body is smaller than that of the first tank body, a rectangular notch for installing the electron accelerator is formed in the side wall of the second tank body, and asbestos foam heat-insulating layers are arranged on the outer walls of the first tank body and the second tank body.

< specific example 1>

The normal pressure heavy oil is preheated to 350 ℃ in a raw material heating furnace, is conveyed to a reactor through a pump, is mixed with atomizing medium gas conveyed by a gas compressor (the atomizing medium gas is hydrogen or dry gas, the volume ratio of the oil gas is 1: 3), and generates oil gas mist flow through an atomizing nozzle, wherein more than 90% of atomizing oil drops in the oil gas mist flow have the particle size of less than 5 mu m. The oil gas fog flow is in contact with high-energy electrons (2.5 MeV) generated by an electron accelerator arranged at a window at one side of the reactor in the reactor to react. The pressure in the reactor was 0.15MPa and the temperature was 350 ℃. The dosage of the high-energy electrons is 200KGy/kg oil. The reaction product flow enters a gas-liquid separation tank for gas-liquid separation after being subjected to heat exchange and cooled by a condenser, liquid is stored at the lower part of the gas-liquid separation tank for collection, one part of gas returns to the reactor to be continuously used as atomizing medium gas, and the other part of gas enters a gas collector for collection by a drainage and suction method. The product is analyzed, gasoline is 40%, diesel oil is 40.3%, product is 15.2% at temperature higher than 360 ℃, and gas is 4.5%.

< example 2>

Preheating normal pressure heavy oil in a raw material heating furnace to 370 ℃, conveying the heavy oil to a reactor through a pump, mixing the heavy oil with atomizing medium gas conveyed by a gas compressor (the atomizing medium gas is hydrogen or dry gas, the volume ratio of the oil to the gas is 1: 3), and generating oil gas mist flow through an atomizing nozzle, wherein the grain size of more than 90% of atomizing oil drops in the oil gas mist flow is required to be less than 5 mu m. The oil gas fog flow is in contact with high-energy electrons (2.5 MeV) generated by an electron accelerator arranged at a window at one side of the reactor in the reactor to react. The pressure in the reactor was 0.15MPa and the temperature was 370 ℃. The dosage of the high-energy electrons is 200KGy/kg oil. The reaction product flow enters a gas-liquid separation tank for gas-liquid separation after being subjected to heat exchange and cooled by a condenser, liquid is stored at the lower part of the gas-liquid separation tank for collection, one part of gas returns to the reactor to be continuously used as atomizing medium gas, and the other part of gas enters a gas collector for collection by a drainage and suction method. The product is analyzed, gasoline is 40.5%, diesel oil is 39.8%, product is 15% at temperature higher than 360 ℃, and gas is 4.7%.

< specific example 3>

The normal pressure heavy oil is preheated to 400 ℃ in a raw material heating furnace, is conveyed to a reactor through a pump, is mixed with atomizing medium gas conveyed by a gas compressor (the atomizing medium gas is hydrogen or dry gas, the volume ratio of the oil gas is 1: 3), and generates oil gas mist flow through an atomizing nozzle, wherein more than 90% of atomizing oil drops in the oil gas mist flow have the particle size of less than 5 mu m. The oil gas fog flow is in contact with high-energy electrons (2.5 MeV) generated by an electron accelerator arranged at a window at one side of the reactor in the reactor to react. The pressure in the reactor was 0.15MPa and the temperature was 400 ℃. The dosage of the high-energy electrons is 200KGy/kg oil. The reaction product flow enters a gas-liquid separation tank for gas-liquid separation after being subjected to heat exchange and cooled by a condenser, liquid is stored at the lower part of the gas-liquid separation tank for collection, one part of gas returns to the reactor to be continuously used as atomizing medium gas, and the other part of gas enters a gas collector for collection by a drainage and suction method. The product is analyzed to be 40.6 percent of gasoline, 39.8 percent of diesel oil, 14.9 percent of product at the temperature of more than 360 ℃ and 4.7 percent of gas.