阅读说明：本技术 一种利用油泥制取超细无机纤维的方法 (method for preparing superfine inorganic fiber by using oil sludge ) 是由 郑小鹏 王秀光 侯香 白金贵 于 2019-09-06 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种利用油泥制取超细无机纤维的方法,包括以下步骤：步骤S1,收集废弃炼油厂油泥,通过振动筛选机进行筛选,再放到加热炉中氧化处理,并粉碎筛选,得到预处理油泥；步骤S2,将生物秸秆粉碎后放到炭化炉中,热解处理,得到秸秆炭；步骤S3,将预处理油泥与秸秆炭混合,并加入羧甲基纤维素、硫酸锌、污泥,搅拌,得到预混物；步骤S4,将预混物放到高温熔炼转化炉中熔融,再通过高速成纤设备,得到无机纤维粗品；步骤S5,将无机纤维粗品放到进行表面改性,得到超细无机纤维。本发明利用油泥制取的超细无机纤维的粒径小、长度均匀、分散性好,并且制备工艺简单,生产成本低廉,具有较高的经济价值。(the invention discloses a method for preparing superfine inorganic fiber by using oil sludge, which comprises the following steps: step S1, collecting waste oil refinery oil sludge, screening the oil sludge through a vibration screening machine, then putting the oil sludge into a heating furnace for oxidation treatment, and crushing and screening the oil sludge to obtain pretreated oil sludge; step S2, crushing biological straws, putting the crushed biological straws into a carbonization furnace, and performing pyrolysis treatment to obtain straw charcoal; step S3, mixing the pretreated oil sludge with straw carbon, adding carboxymethyl cellulose, zinc sulfate and sludge, and stirring to obtain a premix; step S4, melting the premix in a high-temperature smelting converter, and obtaining a crude inorganic fiber product through high-speed fiber forming equipment; and step S5, performing surface modification on the crude inorganic fiber to obtain the superfine inorganic fiber. The superfine inorganic fiber prepared by the oil sludge has small particle size, uniform length, good dispersibility, simple preparation process, low production cost and higher economic value.)

1. A method for preparing superfine inorganic fiber by using oil sludge is characterized by comprising the following steps:

Step S1, collecting waste oil refinery oil sludge, screening the oil sludge by a vibration screening machine to remove large-particle oil sludge and impurities, placing the oil sludge into a heating furnace for oxidation treatment for 1-2.5 hours, and crushing and screening products with the particle size of 50-100 meshes to obtain pretreated oil sludge;

step S2, crushing biological straws, putting the crushed biological straws into a carbonization furnace, and performing pyrolysis treatment for 1-1.5 hours at the temperature of 300-400 ℃ to obtain straw carbon;

Step S3, mixing the pretreated oil sludge obtained in the step S1 with the straw carbon obtained in the step S2, adding carboxymethyl cellulose, zinc sulfate and sludge, and stirring for 12-25 minutes to obtain a premix;

step S4, the premix obtained in the step S3 is put into a high-temperature smelting converter to be melted at the temperature of 1700-1800 ℃, and then the inorganic fiber crude product is obtained through high-speed fiber forming equipment;

And S5, putting the crude inorganic fiber product obtained in the step S4 into a modifier for surface modification to obtain the superfine inorganic fiber.

2. the production method according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the oxidation treatment is performed by: heating to 500-550 ℃ at the heating rate of 1-5 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature for 1-3 hours in the protective atmosphere of air.

3. the production method according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the oxidation treatment is performed by: heating to 700-850 ℃ at the heating rate of 2-6 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature for 1-2 hours, wherein the protective atmosphere is nitrogen or argon.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, the biological stalks are selected from one or at least two of wheat stalks, rice stalks and corn stalks.

5. The production method according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, the atmosphere of the pyrolysis treatment is nitrogen or argon.

6. the method of claim 1, wherein in step S3, the pre-mixture comprises by weight: 100 parts of pretreated oil sludge, 15-25 parts of straw carbon, 5-15 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose, 6-18 parts of zinc sulfate and 12-25 parts of sludge.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein the premix comprises by weight: 100 parts of pretreated oil sludge, 20 parts of straw carbon, 10 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose, 12 parts of zinc sulfate and 18 parts of sludge.

8. the method according to claim 1, wherein in step S4, the modifier is selected from one or a mixture of at least two of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, sodium hexametaphosphate, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide and sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate.

9. The preparation method of claim 8, wherein the modifier comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1 to 2.5 portions of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 1.2 to 3.2 portions of sodium hexametaphosphate and 0.8 to 2.0 portions of hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide.

10. An ultrafine inorganic fiber prepared from oil sludge, which is characterized by being prepared according to the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 9.

Technical Field

the invention relates to the technical field of inorganic materials, in particular to a method for preparing superfine inorganic fibers by utilizing oil sludge.

background

the oil sludge refers to sludge produced in the production process of an oil field due to the processes of crude oil extraction, storage, gathering and processing and crude oil produced liquid treatment, and is named after containing crude oil or certain components in the crude oil. Because the oil sludge contains harmful substances and petroleum hydrocarbons, the main hazards include pollution to water, soil and human body, and therefore, the oil sludge needs to be effectively treated in a harmless way. At present, the treatment of oil sludge mainly comprises a biological treatment method and a physical and chemical treatment method, but the biological treatment method has long treatment period, and oil in the oil sludge cannot be recycled, while the physical and chemical method generally needs to add a medicament, so that resources are wasted, and secondary pollution is generated.

Chinese patent 200710018832.6 discloses a method for preparing superfine inorganic fiber by using industrial solid waste, which is prepared by mixing industrial solid waste such as high-temperature slag, ore dressing and coal dressing waste residues, power plant fuel and Si in waste desulfurization waste residues: al: ca element is ground and granulated after being reasonably proportioned, and is smelted and converted in a high-temperature furnace to prepare superfine inorganic fiber, and then the prepared superfine inorganic fiber is subjected to surface modification treatment by utilizing an ionic aluminum zirconate softening modifier, so that the softness of the fiber is improved, the surface charge is changed, and the affinity of the inorganic fiber and plant fiber or organisms is enhanced.

Chinese patent CN10079894A discloses a process for extracting fiber by using oil sludge, which comprises the following steps: (1) and (3) carrying out secondary extraction on the oil sludge after the crude oil is extracted, adding a chemical agent into the oil sludge after the secondary extraction, and separating by using separation equipment. (2) And conveying the separated oil to an oil refinery for reuse, testing valuable element components of the separated oil sludge, extracting valuable metals, bonding the extracted oil sludge through an adhesive, briquetting, forming and drying. (3) And conveying the oil sludge briquettes to a high-temperature smelting furnace for melting, fiberizing the melted oil sludge briquettes, and cracking harmful components and macromolecular chains contained in the melted oil sludge briquettes. (4) The fiberized oil sludge is cut off by a dry method and is subjected to dry deslagging, short-short flow separation, short fiber is conveyed to a modification pool, wet deslagging is carried out for the first time, coarse and fine separation is carried out for the second time, coarse fiber flow separation processing or dehydration packaging is carried out, and fine fiber is subjected to oblique dewatering, horizontal dewatering and vacuum dewatering and then subjected to lossless drying. However, the technology for extracting the fiber by the oil sludge is complicated, and the dispersibility of the obtained fiber is poor.

Disclosure of Invention

the invention aims at the problems and provides an ultrafine inorganic fiber prepared from oil sludge and a preparation method thereof.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the problems is as follows: a method for preparing superfine inorganic fiber by using oil sludge is characterized by comprising the following steps:

Step S1, collecting waste oil refinery oil sludge, screening the oil sludge by a vibration screening machine to remove large-particle oil sludge and impurities, placing the oil sludge into a heating furnace for oxidation treatment for 1-2.5 hours, and crushing and screening products with the particle size of 50-100 meshes to obtain pretreated oil sludge; the oil sludge is subjected to oxidation treatment, so that part of impurities in the oil sludge can be removed, the energy consumption of subsequent melting fiber forming is reduced, and the purity and the quality of inorganic fibers are reduced;

Step S2, crushing biological straws, putting the crushed biological straws into a carbonization furnace, and performing pyrolysis treatment for 1-1.5 hours at the temperature of 300-400 ℃ to obtain straw carbon;

Step S3, mixing the pretreated oil sludge obtained in the step S1 with the straw carbon obtained in the step S2, adding carboxymethyl cellulose, zinc sulfate and sludge, and stirring for 12-25 minutes to obtain a premix; mixing the pretreated oil sludge with straw carbon, carboxymethyl cellulose, zinc sulfate and sludge in a specific ratio to improve the fiber forming effect;

Step S4, the premix obtained in the step S3 is put into a high-temperature smelting converter to be melted at the temperature of 1700-1800 ℃, and then the inorganic fiber crude product is obtained through high-speed fiber forming equipment;

And S5, putting the crude inorganic fiber product obtained in the step S4 into a modifier for surface modification to obtain the superfine inorganic fiber. Wherein, the inorganic fiber surface is modified to make the fiber softer and have better dispersibility.

Further, in step S1, the process of the oxidation treatment is: heating to 500-550 ℃ at the heating rate of 1-5 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature for 1-3 hours in the protective atmosphere of air.

Further, in step S1, the process of the oxidation treatment is: heating to 700-850 ℃ at the heating rate of 2-6 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature for 1-2 hours, wherein the protective atmosphere is nitrogen or argon.

Further, in step S2, the biological stalks are selected from one or at least two of wheat stalks, rice stalks and corn stalks.

Further, in step S2, the atmosphere of the pyrolysis process is nitrogen or argon.

further, in step S3, the premix comprises by weight: 100 parts of pretreated oil sludge, 15-25 parts of straw carbon, 5-15 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose, 6-18 parts of zinc sulfate and 12-25 parts of sludge.

further, the premix comprises by weight: 100 parts of pretreated oil sludge, 20 parts of straw carbon, 10 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose, 12 parts of zinc sulfate and 18 parts of sludge.

Further, in step S4, the modifier is selected from one or a mixture of at least two of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium hexametaphosphate, cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate.

furthermore, the modifier comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1 to 2.5 portions of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 1.2 to 3.2 portions of sodium hexametaphosphate and 0.8 to 2.0 portions of hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide.

The invention also aims to provide the superfine inorganic fiber prepared by using the oil sludge and prepared by the preparation method.

The invention has the advantages that:

(1) The inorganic fiber is produced by taking the waste oil refinery oil sludge as a main raw material, the waste oil sludge can be effectively recycled, the large-scale utilization of the oil sludge is realized, the fineness of the produced inorganic fiber is small, the dispersibility is good, the inorganic fiber can be directly used as a raw material for manufacturing special paper, wear-resistant materials, fireproof heat-insulating coatings, road asphalt and the like, and the inorganic fiber has wide application prospect;

(2) in the process of preparing the superfine inorganic fiber by using the oil sludge, the fiber conversion rate of the oil sludge is improved by adding the straw carbon, the carboxymethyl cellulose, the zinc sulfate and the sludge in a specific proportion, and the dispersibility and the flexibility of the superfine inorganic fiber are improved by subsequent modification treatment of the fiber.

(3) the superfine inorganic fiber prepared by the oil sludge has small particle size, uniform length, good dispersibility, simple preparation process, low production cost and higher economic value.

Detailed Description

the following detailed description of embodiments of the invention, but the invention can be practiced in many different ways, as defined and covered by the claims.