阅读说明：本技术 基于三点测距交汇原理的边坡位移监测系统及方法 (Slope displacement monitoring system and method based on three-point distance measurement intersection principle ) 是由 周泽林 张发平 孙兴华 李吉 夏孝军 张正阳 白皓 王定泽 于 2019-09-17 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及边坡位移监测技术领域,提供了一种基于三点测距交汇原理的边坡位移监测系统,包括无线通讯模块、基准点定位装置和监测点定位装置；基准点定位装置的数量为三个,监测点定位装置的数量至少为一个；每个监测点定位装置包括监测点定位杆,安装在监测点定位杆上的基座,安装在基座上、且与三个基准点定位装置一一配合的三个自动对准与测距装置,与三个自动对准与测距装置通讯连接的监测点坐标分析模块；无线通讯模块与监测点坐标分析模块通讯连接。本发明具有不受地形条件限制、系统结构合理、现场安装方便、监测精度高、适用范围广等优点,适用于施工期间和运维期间的土质、岩质等各类边坡工程的位移、变形、滑坡等项目监控。(The invention relates to the technical field of slope displacement monitoring, and provides a slope displacement monitoring system based on a three-point distance measurement intersection principle, which comprises a wireless communication module, a datum point positioning device and a monitoring point positioning device; the number of the reference point positioning devices is three, and the number of the monitoring point positioning devices is at least one; each monitoring point positioning device comprises a monitoring point positioning rod, a base arranged on the monitoring point positioning rod, three automatic alignment and distance measurement devices which are arranged on the base and matched with the three reference point positioning devices one by one, and a monitoring point coordinate analysis module in communication connection with the three automatic alignment and distance measurement devices; the wireless communication module is in communication connection with the monitoring point coordinate analysis module. The invention has the advantages of no limitation of terrain conditions, reasonable system structure, convenient field installation, high monitoring precision, wide application range and the like, and is suitable for monitoring projects such as displacement, deformation, landslide and the like of various slope projects such as soil texture, rock texture and the like during construction and operation and maintenance.)

1. the side slope displacement monitoring system based on the three-point distance measurement intersection principle is characterized by comprising a wireless communication module (1), a datum point positioning device (2) and a monitoring point positioning device (3); the number of the reference point positioning devices (2) is three, and the number of the monitoring point positioning devices (3) is at least one;

each monitoring point positioning device (3) comprises a monitoring point positioning rod (31), a base (32) arranged on the monitoring point positioning rod (31), three automatic alignment and distance measurement devices (33) which are arranged on the base (32) and are matched with the three reference point positioning devices (2) one by one, and a monitoring point coordinate analysis module (34) which is in communication connection with the three automatic alignment and distance measurement devices (33); the wireless communication module (1) is in communication connection with the monitoring point coordinate analysis module (34).

2. A slope displacement monitoring system based on three-point distance measuring intersection principle as claimed in claim 1, wherein the number of the monitoring point locating devices (3) is at least two.

3. A slope displacement monitoring system based on a three-point distance measuring intersection principle according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by further comprising a terminal monitoring data analysis module (4) and an alarm module (5); the monitoring point coordinate analysis module (34) is in communication connection with the terminal monitoring data analysis module (4) through the wireless communication module (1); and the terminal monitoring data analysis module (4) is in communication connection with the alarm module (5).

4. A slope displacement monitoring system based on a three-point distance measuring intersection principle according to claim 3, characterized by further comprising a solar power supply module (6); the solar power supply module (6) is respectively and electrically connected with the automatic alignment and ranging device (33), the monitoring point coordinate analysis module (34), the wireless communication module (1) and the alarm module (5).

5. A slope displacement monitoring system based on three-point distance measuring intersection principle according to claim 4, characterized in that the solar power supply module (6) comprises a storage battery (61) and a photovoltaic panel (62) electrically connected with the storage battery (61).

6. A slope displacement monitoring system based on three-point distance measuring intersection principle according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the reference point positioning device (2) comprises a reference point positioning rod (21) and a reflection prism (22) installed on the reference point positioning rod (21).

7. A slope displacement monitoring method based on a three-point distance measurement intersection principle, which is characterized in that the slope displacement monitoring system based on the three-point distance measurement intersection principle as claimed in claim 1 is used for monitoring the slope displacement, and comprises the following steps:

S1, arranging three reference points outside the measured side slope, and arranging at least one monitoring point on the measured side slope;

S2, assembling a side slope displacement monitoring system, respectively arranging three reference point positioning devices (2) at three reference points, and embedding a monitoring point positioning rod (31) at each monitoring point;

S3, adjusting three automatic alignment and distance measurement devices (33) in each monitoring point positioning device (3) to align the three automatic alignment and distance measurement devices (33) with the three reference point positioning devices (2) one by one;

And S4, after the field inspection and the debugging are qualified, starting the slope displacement monitoring system to monitor the slope displacement.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of slope displacement monitoring, in particular to a slope displacement monitoring system and method based on a three-point distance measurement intersection principle.

Background

With the large-scale construction of civil engineering such as railways, highways, water conservancy and hydropower, and the like in China, a plurality of slope engineering with complex geological conditions can be encountered, and the geological disasters caused by the instability and collapse of the slope bring huge losses to the engineering construction and operation and maintenance. Therefore, the method effectively and quickly monitors the displacement of the side slope in real time, and has great engineering practical value and great safety use significance for carrying out accurate early warning on the instability risk in advance.

The traditional monitoring means is that the slope displacement state is judged by frequently acquiring and monitoring coordinate data at embedded points through manual field work, the method is time-consuming and labor-consuming, low in efficiency and incapable of realizing 24-hour dynamic displacement monitoring.

in the patent application with the publication number of CN207763863U, a slope monitoring device is disclosed, which automatically obtains the slope deformation through the pressure change generated by a deformation piston in a hydraulic pressure chamber, and although the monitoring efficiency is improved, the slope monitoring device needs to insert a positioning rod into a stable rock layer, and is only suitable for a slope with a small buried depth of the stable rock layer, and is not suitable for a slope with a large buried depth of the stable rock layer and a potential slip surface.

In the patent application with the publication number of CN206210063U, a Beidou I-based highway high-risk side slope monitoring system is disclosed, which monitors the status of highway side slopes in real time by Beidou I-satellite navigation technology and optical fiber communication technology, but such monitoring means are generally affected by poor signals or signal blind areas in mountainous areas, and the implementation cost is high.

In patent application with publication number CN208254411U, a comprehensive slope monitoring system is disclosed, which monitors the slope condition by radar scanning, remote sensing technology and infrasonic wave technology, but such measures have the disadvantages that the station setting is limited by the terrain condition, the monitoring precision is low, and the installation and operation are inconvenient.

disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a slope displacement monitoring system and method based on a three-point distance measurement intersection principle, which have a wide application range.

the technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the slope displacement monitoring system based on the three-point distance measurement intersection principle comprises a wireless communication module, a datum point positioning device and a monitoring point positioning device; the number of the reference point positioning devices is three, and the number of the monitoring point positioning devices is at least one;

Each monitoring point positioning device comprises a monitoring point positioning rod, a base arranged on the monitoring point positioning rod, three automatic alignment and distance measurement devices which are arranged on the base and matched with the three reference point positioning devices one by one, and a monitoring point coordinate analysis module in communication connection with the three automatic alignment and distance measurement devices; and the wireless communication module is in communication connection with the monitoring point coordinate analysis module.

Furthermore, the number of the monitoring point positioning devices is at least two.

Further, the system also comprises a terminal monitoring data analysis module and an alarm module; the monitoring point coordinate analysis module is in communication connection with the terminal monitoring data analysis module through the wireless communication module; and the terminal monitoring data analysis module is in communication connection with the alarm module.

furthermore, the solar energy power supply device also comprises a solar energy power supply module; the solar power supply module is respectively and electrically connected with the automatic alignment and distance measurement device, the monitoring point coordinate analysis module, the wireless communication module and the alarm module.

Further, the solar power supply module comprises a storage battery and a photovoltaic panel electrically connected with the storage battery.

Further, the reference point positioning device comprises a reference point positioning rod and a reflecting prism arranged on the reference point positioning rod.

A slope displacement monitoring method based on a three-point distance measurement intersection principle monitors the slope displacement by adopting a slope displacement monitoring system based on the three-point distance measurement intersection principle, and comprises the following steps:

S1, arranging three reference points J1, J2 and J3 outside the detected side slope, and arranging at least one monitoring point P on the detected side slope;

S2, assembling a side slope displacement monitoring system, respectively arranging three reference point positioning devices at three reference points, and embedding a monitoring point positioning rod at each monitoring point;

S3, adjusting three automatic alignment and distance measurement devices in each monitoring point positioning device to align the three automatic alignment and distance measurement devices with the three reference point positioning devices one by one;

And S4, after the field inspection and the debugging are qualified, starting the slope displacement monitoring system to monitor the slope displacement.

the invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the slope displacement monitoring system and method based on the three-point distance measurement intersection principle, the distances between the monitoring points and the three reference points can be measured through the automatic alignment and distance measurement device, and then the space coordinates of the monitoring points are calculated by using the three-point distance measurement intersection principle, so that the slope displacement of roads, railways and hydraulic engineering is monitored. The overall safety of the side slope can be judged according to the change conditions of the space coordinates of the plurality of monitoring points on the side slope at different moments, and the side slope instability risk evaluation area is divided. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages of no limitation of terrain conditions, reasonable system structure, convenient field installation, high monitoring precision, wide application range and the like, and is suitable for monitoring the displacement, deformation, landslide and other projects of various slope projects such as soil texture, rock texture and the like during construction and operation and maintenance.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a slope displacement monitoring system based on a three-point distance measurement intersection principle according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a simplified schematic diagram of a monitoring site located on a slope;

Fig. 3 is a simplified schematic diagram of multiple monitoring points disposed on a slope.

The reference numbers in the figures are: 1-wireless communication module, 2-reference point positioning device, 3-monitoring point positioning device, 4-terminal monitoring data analysis module, 5-alarm module, 6-solar power supply module, 21-reference point positioning rod, 22-reflecting prism, 31-monitoring point positioning rod, 32-base, 33-automatic alignment and distance measurement device, 34-monitoring point coordinate analysis module, 61-storage battery, 62-photovoltaic panel.

Detailed Description

the invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integral; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

The slope displacement monitoring system based on the three-point distance measurement intersection principle comprises a wireless communication module 1, a datum point positioning device 2 and a monitoring point positioning device 3; the number of the reference point positioning devices 2 is three, and the number of the monitoring point positioning devices 3 is at least one; each monitoring point positioning device 3 comprises a monitoring point positioning rod 31, a base 32 arranged on the monitoring point positioning rod 31, three automatic alignment and distance measurement devices 33 which are arranged on the base 32 and are matched with the three reference point positioning devices 2 one by one, and a monitoring point coordinate analysis module 34 which is in communication connection with the three automatic alignment and distance measurement devices 33; the wireless communication module 1 is in communication connection with the monitoring point coordinate analysis module 34.

The automatic aligning and ranging device 33 is a device that automatically aligns a reference point and measures a distance between a monitoring point and the reference point. The automatic aligning and ranging device 33 mainly comprises an automatic rotary base plate, an automatic aligning controller, a laser range finder, a signal transmission cable and the like; when the device works, the automatic alignment and ranging device 33 is arranged at a monitoring point, the laser range finder emits a laser signal to align with the reference point and measures the distance between the monitoring point and the reference point, and the distance data is transmitted to the monitoring point coordinate analysis module 34 through a signal transmission cable; when the position of the monitoring point changes, the automatic rotary base and the automatic alignment controller are used for controlling the laser range finder to automatically align to the reference point in real time, so that the distance between the monitoring point and the reference point can be measured in real time. The automatic aligning and ranging device 33 may be a product of the prior art, and is directly commercially available.

as shown in fig. 1, three automatic alignment and ranging devices 33 are mounted on the base 32, and the base 32 is mounted on the monitoring point positioning rod 31; the base 32 and the monitoring point positioning rod 31 can be both of concrete structures, and can also be integrally formed. The monitoring point coordinate analysis module 34 may be disposed on the side slope, and preferably, the monitoring point coordinate analysis module 34 is installed on the monitoring point positioning rod 31.

The three self-aligning and ranging devices 33 mounted on the base 32 and cooperating with the three reference point positioning devices 2 one by one refer to: as shown in fig. 1, three automatic aligning and ranging devices 33 are mounted on each base 32, the three automatic aligning and ranging devices 33 are a1, a2 and A3 respectively, and the three reference point positioning devices 2 are B1, B2 and B3 respectively, and in operation, a1 is automatically aligned with B1 and measures a distance D1 from a1 to B1, a2 is automatically aligned with B2 and measures a distance D2 from a2 to B2, and A3 is automatically aligned with B3 and measures a distance D3 from A3 to B3.

the monitoring point coordinate analysis module 34 is a signal processing device; the monitoring point coordinate analysis module 34 is connected in communication with three self-aligning and ranging devices 33 in each monitoring point positioning device 3 through signal transmission cables. During operation, the processing program embedded in the monitoring point coordinate analysis module 34 converts the distance data transmitted from the three automatic alignment and ranging devices 33 to the monitoring point coordinate analysis module 34 into the space coordinates of the monitoring points according to the distance measuring and converging principle.

The wireless communication module 1 is in communication connection with the monitoring point coordinate analysis module 34 through a signal transmission cable, and is used for transmitting the space coordinates of the monitoring points processed by the monitoring point coordinate analysis module 34 to the upper computer control module in a wireless mode. The upper computer control module can be a personal computer, a server or a handheld terminal and the like, is usually located in a control room or a worker hand far away from a site and is used for receiving the space coordinates of the monitoring points in real time, and the worker can effectively judge the actual deformation activity state of the side slope by combining the space coordinates of the monitoring points at different moments.

the slope displacement monitoring method based on the three-point distance measurement intersection principle adopts the slope displacement monitoring system based on the three-point distance measurement intersection principle to monitor the slope displacement, and comprises the following steps:

S1, arranging three reference points outside the measured side slope, and arranging at least one monitoring point on the measured side slope;

S2, assembling a side slope displacement monitoring system, respectively arranging three reference point positioning devices 2 at three reference points, and embedding a monitoring point positioning rod 31 at each monitoring point;

s3, adjusting three automatic alignment and distance measurement devices 33 in each monitoring point positioning device 3 to align the three automatic alignment and distance measurement devices 33 with the three reference point positioning devices 2 one by one;

And S4, after the field inspection and the debugging are qualified, starting the slope displacement monitoring system to monitor the slope displacement.

In step S1, the three reference points should be set on the foundation with wide visual field and stable deformation near the detected side slope, and the monitoring points may be set on the top, middle or bottom of the detected side slope.

in step S2, the slope displacement monitoring system is assembled, the three reference point positioning devices 2 are arranged at the three reference points, the monitoring point positioning rod 31 is embedded at each monitoring point, the monitoring point positioning rod 31 may be of a concrete structure, and the monitoring point positioning rod 31 should have a certain embedding depth to meet the requirement of stability.

In step S3, after the slope displacement monitoring system is installed, the three automatic alignment and ranging devices 33 in each monitoring point positioning device 3 are adjusted to align the three automatic alignment and ranging devices 33 with the three reference point positioning devices 2 one by one, so as to measure the distance from the monitoring point to each reference point.

In step S4, after the field inspection and the debugging are qualified, the spatial coordinates of the monitoring point can be measured in real time by the slope displacement monitoring system.

The principle of the present invention will be described with reference to fig. 2, as shown in fig. 2, three reference points, J1, J2 and J3 respectively, are set on a foundation with a wide visual field near a detected slope and stable deformation, a monitoring point P is set on the detected slope, under the same spatial coordinate system, the spatial coordinates of the reference point J1 are measured as (x1, y1 and z1), the spatial coordinates of the reference point J2 are measured as (x2, y2 and z2), and the spatial coordinates of the reference point J3 are measured as (x3, y3 and z 3); then, the distance from the monitoring point P to a reference point J1 is measured to be D1, the distance from the monitoring point P to a reference point J2 is measured to be D2, the distance from the monitoring point P to the reference point J3 is measured to be D3 through three laser range finders arranged at the monitoring point P, and then the space coordinate of the monitoring point P can be calculated to be (x, y, z) according to the space three-point distance intersection principle. When the position of the monitoring point P changes due to slope deformation, the distances D1, D2 and D3 from the monitoring point P to the reference points J1, J2 and J3 also change, so that the calculated space coordinates (x, y and z) of the monitoring point P also change, and at the moment, a worker can effectively judge the actual deformation activity state of the slope by combining the space coordinates of the monitoring point P at different moments, and further judge whether the slope is in a stable state.

according to the slope displacement monitoring system and method based on the three-point distance measurement intersection principle, the distances between the monitoring points and the three reference points can be measured through the automatic alignment and distance measurement device 33, and then the space coordinates of the monitoring points are calculated by using the three-point distance measurement intersection principle, so that the slope displacement of roads, railways and hydraulic engineering is monitored. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages of no limitation of terrain conditions, reasonable system structure, convenient field installation, high monitoring precision, wide application range and the like.

Preferably, the number of the monitoring point locating devices 3 is at least two. When the slope displacement monitoring system based on the three-point distance measurement intersection principle of the embodiment is used for monitoring the slope displacement, as shown in fig. 3, a plurality of slope displacement monitoring points P1, P2 and P3 … … Pn can be arranged in the areas of the slope top, the slope middle and the slope foot of the detected slope, the change conditions of the space coordinates of all the monitoring points at different moments are analyzed, the omnibearing real-time monitoring of the integral deformation of the slope is realized, and the slope deformation instability risk evaluation area is divided into: safe area, deformation unstable area, dangerous area.

as a preferred scheme, the slope displacement monitoring system based on the three-point distance measurement intersection principle further comprises a terminal monitoring data analysis module 4 and an alarm module 5; the monitoring point coordinate analysis module 34 is in communication connection with the terminal monitoring data analysis module 4 through the wireless communication module 1; and the terminal monitoring data analysis module 4 is in communication connection with the alarm module 5.

The terminal monitors the data analysis module 4 to form a data storage and analysis device, which can judge the displacement of the side slope, the deformation rate and the deformation convergence condition in real time according to the change of the space coordinate of the monitoring point, and further obtain the stability condition of the side slope. For example, the terminal monitoring data analysis module 4 may be a computer, a server, or a handheld terminal with slope stability analysis software built therein. The alarm module 5 is an alarm device for reminding or warning in the form of sound, light and the like. The terminal monitoring data analysis module 4 can be arranged in a control room far away from the side slope, and the alarm module 9 can be arranged on the side slope to be detected.

As shown in fig. 1, during operation, the monitoring point coordinate analysis module 34 transmits the processed space coordinates of the monitoring points to the terminal monitoring data analysis module 4 for storage through the wireless communication module 1 in real time, and the terminal monitoring data analysis module 4 determines the displacement, deformation rate and deformation convergence condition of the side slope in real time according to the change of the real-time space coordinates of the monitoring points, and once the displacement and deformation rate of the side slope exceed the early warning threshold value or the deformation does not converge, it indicates that the side slope is at risk of instability, and at this time, the terminal monitoring data analysis module 4 sends an alarm signal to the alarm module 9 in a radio wave signal manner, and the alarm module 9 sends an audible and visual alarm signal to remind people in the dangerous area of the side slope site to evacuate immediately.

According to the slope displacement monitoring system based on the three-point distance measurement intersection principle, the terminal monitoring data analysis module 4 and the alarm module 5 are arranged, so that effective linkage of slope displacement measurement, stability judgment and intelligent early warning is achieved, and the purposes of early warning and active prevention and control in advance of slope disasters are achieved.

In order to save electric energy, as a preferred scheme, as shown in fig. 1, the slope displacement monitoring system based on the three-point distance measurement intersection principle further includes a solar power supply module 6; the solar power supply module 6 is respectively and electrically connected with the automatic alignment and distance measurement device 33, the monitoring point coordinate analysis module 34, the wireless communication module 1 and the alarm module 5. The solar power supply module 6 is used for realizing an automatic charging function under sunlight and supplying power to other modules so as to save electric energy. Preferably, the solar power supply module 6 comprises a battery 61 and a photovoltaic panel 62 electrically connected to the battery 61. In operation, the photovoltaic panel 62 is used to convert light energy into electrical energy, store the electrical energy in the battery 61, and supply power to other modules through the battery 61.

the reference point positioning device 2 can be only a positioning rod, and during work, when a laser signal emitted by the laser range finder is aligned with the positioning rod, the intensity of a reflected pulse laser signal can be reduced due to the diffuse reflection problem. A preferred embodiment of a reference point locating device 2 is shown in fig. 1, the reference point locating device 2 comprising a reference point locating bar 21, and a reflecting prism 22 mounted on the reference point locating bar 21. In operation, the reference point positioning rod 21 is embedded at the reference point, and the laser range finder is aligned with the reflection prism 22. By aligning the laser signal emitted from the laser range finder with the reflecting prism 22, the problem of diffuse reflection of laser can be solved, and the intensity of the vertical reflection pulse laser signal can be ensured, thereby realizing precise ranging.

According to the slope displacement monitoring system and method based on the three-point distance measurement intersection principle, after the slope displacement monitoring system is laid, automatic monitoring and intelligent early warning can be achieved within 24 hours, time and labor cost for manual measurement are saved, working efficiency is improved, and the slope displacement monitoring system and method are suitable for monitoring projects such as displacement, deformation and landslide of various slope projects such as soil quality and rock quality during construction and operation and maintenance.