阅读说明：本技术 一种毫米波超宽带高增益叠层差分天线 (Millimeter wave ultra-wideband high-gain laminated differential antenna ) 是由 张涛 刘阳 尹湘坤 朱樟明 杨银堂 于 2019-09-16 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种毫米波超宽带高增益叠层差分天线,所述差分天线包括天线反射层、第一介质基板、天线馈电层、第二介质基板、天线馈电参考层、第三介质基板、天线辐射层、第四介质基板和金属贴片层,所述天线反射层设置在所述第一介质基板的下表面,所述天线馈电层设置在所述第二介质基板的下表面,所述天线馈电参考层设置在所述第三介质基板的下表面,所述天线辐射层设置在所述第四介质基板的下表面,所述金属贴片层设置在所述第四介质基板的上表面,所述差分天线为PCB层叠结构。通过引入天线馈电参考层,将天线馈电层和天线辐射层有效隔离,通过引入第二介质基板,进一步提高了天线馈电层和天线辐射层之间的隔离度,有效降低了天线馈电网络本身的辐射在辐射方向上产生的影响。(The invention discloses a millimeter wave ultra-wideband high-gain laminated differential antenna which comprises an antenna reflection layer, a first dielectric substrate, an antenna feed layer, a second dielectric substrate, an antenna feed reference layer, a third dielectric substrate, an antenna radiation layer, a fourth dielectric substrate and a metal patch layer, wherein the antenna reflection layer is arranged on the lower surface of the first dielectric substrate, the antenna feed layer is arranged on the lower surface of the second dielectric substrate, the antenna feed reference layer is arranged on the lower surface of the third dielectric substrate, the antenna radiation layer is arranged on the lower surface of the fourth dielectric substrate, the metal patch layer is arranged on the upper surface of the fourth dielectric substrate, and the differential antenna is of a PCB laminated structure. The antenna feed reference layer is introduced to effectively isolate the antenna feed layer from the antenna radiation layer, and the second dielectric substrate is introduced to further improve the isolation between the antenna feed layer and the antenna radiation layer and effectively reduce the influence of the radiation of the antenna feed network on the radiation direction.)

1. The millimeter wave ultra-wideband high-gain laminated differential antenna is characterized by comprising an antenna reflection layer, a first dielectric substrate, an antenna feed layer, a second dielectric substrate, an antenna feed reference layer, a third dielectric substrate, an antenna radiation layer, a fourth dielectric substrate and a metal patch layer, wherein the antenna reflection layer is arranged on the lower surface of the first dielectric substrate, the antenna feed layer is arranged on the lower surface of the second dielectric substrate, the antenna feed reference layer is arranged on the lower surface of the third dielectric substrate, the antenna radiation layer is arranged on the lower surface of the fourth dielectric substrate, the metal patch layer is arranged on the upper surface of the fourth dielectric substrate, and the differential antenna is of a PCB laminated structure.

2. The differential antenna of claim 1, wherein the antenna feed layer is a coupling differential line shaped like an "L", the coupling differential line is an antenna input, and the characteristic impedance of the coupling differential line is 100 Ω.

3. The differential antenna of claim 2, wherein the "L" -shaped coupling differential lines are arranged in pairs, and the "L" -shaped coupling differential lines arranged in pairs are mirror symmetric.

4. the differential antenna of claim 1, wherein the antenna radiating layer is a rectangular metal sheet.

5. The differential antenna of claim 1, wherein the metal patch layer is a ring-shaped metal patch.

6. The differential antenna of claim 5, wherein the antenna feed reference layer is a rectangular metal sheet with a rectangular slot.

7. a differential antenna according ~ claim 6, wherein the rectangular slot has a length in the range of 0.4 ~ 0.6 wavelengths, preferably a half wavelength, and a width in the range of 0.05 ~ 0.15 wavelengths, preferably 0.1 wavelengths.

8. The differential antenna of claim 7, wherein the rectangular slots are disposed in parallel on both sides of the feed reference layer, and the number of the rectangular slots is 2.

9. The differential antenna of claim 8, wherein the length of the metal patch is a half wavelength and the horizontal spacing of the metal patch from the rectangular slot is a half wavelength.

10. the differential antenna as claimed in claim 1, wherein the dielectric constant of the fourth dielectric substrate is in a range of 2 ~ 6, the dielectric constant of the fourth dielectric substrate is higher than that of the third section substrate, and the thickness of the fourth dielectric substrate is in a range of 0.05 ~ 0.15 wavelength, preferably 0.1 wavelength.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a millimeter wave ultra-wideband high-gain laminated differential antenna.

background

the antenna is an indispensable part in a wireless communication system, wireless signals are radiated into space through the antenna, and therefore wireless transmission is achieved, along with the development of the wireless communication system, the system integration degree is higher and higher, and higher requirements are provided for the size, cost and performance of the antenna.

Disclosure of Invention

The purpose of the invention is as follows: aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a millimeter wave ultra-wideband high-gain laminated differential antenna, which further improves the gain and the bandwidth of the antenna and adopts the following technical scheme:

The invention provides a millimeter wave ultra-wideband high-gain laminated differential antenna which comprises an antenna reflection layer, a first dielectric substrate, an antenna feed layer, a second dielectric substrate, an antenna feed reference layer, a third dielectric substrate, an antenna radiation layer, a fourth dielectric substrate and a metal patch layer, wherein the antenna reflection layer is arranged on the lower surface of the first dielectric substrate, the antenna feed layer is arranged on the lower surface of the second dielectric substrate, the antenna feed reference layer is arranged on the lower surface of the third dielectric substrate, the antenna radiation layer is arranged on the lower surface of the fourth dielectric substrate, and the metal patch layer is arranged on the upper surface of the fourth dielectric substrate. The antenna reflection layer, the antenna feed reference layer and the antenna radiation layer are all made of metal materials. By introducing the fourth dielectric substrate, the antenna has a better matching effect on the antenna impedance and the air impedance, and the bandwidth of the antenna can be effectively widened. The differential antenna is of a PCB laminated structure; the PCB laminated structure is adopted, the radiation layer and the feed layer are separated by utilizing a gap coupling feed technology, the isolation between the radiation layer and the feed layer is increased, and the influence of the self radiation of the feed network on the radiation direction can be effectively reduced.

Further, the antenna feed layer is a coupling differential line in an L-shape, the coupling differential line is an antenna input end, and the characteristic impedance of the coupling differential line is 100 Ω.

Furthermore, the L-shaped coupling differential lines are arranged in pairs, and the L-shaped coupling differential lines arranged in pairs are mirror-symmetrical. The input signal passes through mirror symmetry 'L' type coupling difference lines arranged in pairs, and the signal is separated into two signals which are equal in amplitude, 180-degree in phase difference and independent of each other at the tail end of the coupling difference lines.

Furthermore, the antenna radiation layer is a rectangular metal sheet, and the area of the rectangular metal sheet of the antenna radiation layer is smaller than that of the antenna feed reference layer.

Further, the metal patch layer is an annular metal patch. The gain of the differential antenna can be effectively improved by introducing the annular metal patch, and in addition, the gain of the antenna can be effectively improved on the basis of not increasing the manufacturing cost due to the simple manufacturing process of the annular metal patch.

Furthermore, the antenna feed reference layer is a rectangular metal sheet, and a rectangular gap is formed in the rectangular metal sheet.

furthermore, the length range of the rectangular slot is 0.4 ~ 0.6 wavelength, preferably half wavelength, the width range of the rectangular slot is 0.05 ~ 0.15 wavelength, preferably 0.1 wavelength, the length and the width of the rectangular slot determine the coupling amount of the antenna feed layer to the antenna radiation layer, and the radiation efficiency and the gain of the antenna can be effectively influenced.

preferably, the rectangular slots are arranged on two sides of the feed reference layer in parallel, and the number of the rectangular slots is 2.

Further, the length of the metal patch is half wavelength, and the horizontal distance between the metal patch and the rectangular gap is half wavelength.

furthermore, the dielectric constant range of the fourth dielectric substrate is 2 ~ 6, the dielectric constant of the fourth dielectric substrate is higher than that of the third dielectric substrate, and the thickness range of the fourth dielectric substrate is 0.05 ~ 0.15 medium wavelength, preferably 0.1 wavelength.

Through the implementation of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. The antenna feed reference layer is introduced to effectively isolate the antenna feed layer from the antenna radiation layer, and the second dielectric substrate is introduced to further improve the isolation between the antenna feed layer and the antenna radiation layer and effectively reduce the influence of the radiation of the antenna feed network on the radiation direction;

2. The fourth dielectric substrate is added on the upper surface of the antenna radiation layer and serves as an antenna and air impedance matching layer, so that the radiation energy of the antenna in the whole bandwidth can be effectively improved, and the bandwidth of the antenna is increased;

3. The metal patch ring is introduced to the upper surface of the fourth dielectric substrate, so that the antenna gain is further improved, the manufacturing process is simple, and the antenna gain can be effectively improved on the basis of not increasing the cost.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a differential antenna according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a graph of simulated return loss for a differential antenna of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a graph of peak gain for the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a simulated E-plane pattern of the differential antenna of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a simulated H-plane pattern of the differential antenna of the present invention.

Wherein, 1, an antenna reflection layer; 2. a first dielectric substrate; 3. an antenna feed layer; 4. a second dielectric substrate; 5. an antenna feed reference layer; 51. a rectangular slit; 6. a third dielectric substrate; 7. an antenna radiation layer; 8. a fourth dielectric substrate; 9. and a metal patch ring layer.

Detailed Description

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further explained and illustrated with reference to the drawings in the embodiments. It is obvious to those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained from the drawings provided by the embodiment drawings without inventive effort.

It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. In the following description, ordinal words such as "first", "second", "third", and "fourth", etc., used to denote the distinction of elements are used only for the convenience of description of the present invention, and do not have specific meanings or ordinal relationships per se.

as shown in fig. 1, the millimeter wave ultra-wideband high-gain stacked differential antenna provided by the invention comprises an antenna reflection layer (1), a first dielectric substrate (2), an antenna feed layer (3), a second dielectric substrate (4), an antenna feed reference layer (5), a third dielectric substrate (6), an antenna radiation layer (7), a fourth dielectric substrate (8) and a metal patch loop layer (9); the antenna comprises an antenna reflection layer (1), an antenna feed layer (2), an antenna feed reference layer (5) and a power supply layer, wherein the antenna reflection layer (1) is a rectangular metal sheet, the antenna feed layer (2) is L-shaped differential lines with mirror surfaces arranged in pairs, and the antenna feed reference layer (5) is a rectangular metal sheet with paired rectangular gaps; the antenna comprises an antenna reflection layer (1), an antenna feed layer (3), an antenna feed reference layer (5), an antenna radiation layer (7), a metal patch ring layer (9) and a second dielectric substrate (8), wherein the antenna reflection layer (1) is arranged on the lower surface of the first dielectric substrate (2), the antenna feed layer (3) is arranged on the lower surface of the second dielectric substrate (4), the antenna feed reference layer (5) is arranged on the lower surface of the third dielectric substrate (6), the antenna radiation layer (7) is arranged on the lower surface of the fourth dielectric substrate (8), and the metal patch ring layer (9) is arranged on the upper surface of the fourth dielectric substrate.

the coupling differential lines of the antenna feed layer (3) are used as antenna signal input ends, the coupling differential lines are separated at the tail ends, and the coupling differential lines are fed to two ends of the antenna radiation layer (7) through two rectangular gaps (51) on the antenna feed reference layer (5). The antenna feed reference layer (5) effectively separates the antenna feed layer (3) from the antenna radiation layer (7), and reduces the influence of the antenna feed layer on the radiation direction. The fourth dielectric substrate (8) is used as a matching layer of the antenna, the radiation impedance and the air impedance of the antenna are matched, a certain guiding effect is achieved on the radiation of energy, and the radiation efficiency and the antenna bandwidth of the antenna can be effectively improved. The metal patch ring (9) can effectively improve the gain of the antenna and has better guiding effect.

The characteristic impedance of the coupling differential line of the antenna feed layer (3) is 100 ohms, and the characteristic impedance is separated into independent microstrip lines at the tail ends of the coupling differential line, and the impedance of each microstrip line is 50 ohms. The length and the width of the rectangular slot (51) of the antenna feed reference layer (5) determine the coupling amount of the antenna feed layer (3) to the antenna radiation layer (7), and the radiation efficiency and the gain of the antenna can be effectively influenced. The position of the rectangular slot (51) relative to the antenna radiating layer (7) patch antenna effectively affects the input impedance of the antenna. The length of the metal patch of the antenna radiation layer (7) is about half wavelength, and the width of the metal patch can effectively adjust the antenna impedance and radiation gain.

As shown in fig. 2, due to the introduction of the fourth dielectric substrate (8), a certain matching effect is achieved on the antenna impedance and the air impedance, and the dielectric constant and the thickness of the fourth dielectric substrate (8) are properly selected, so that the antenna bandwidth can be effectively widened. In the embodiment, the dielectric constant of the fourth dielectric substrate (8) is 3, and the thickness is 0.254 mm. When the antenna is not introduced into the fourth dielectric substrate (8), the optimal relative bandwidth of the antenna is about 15% under 60G; when the fourth dielectric substrate (8) is introduced, the relative bandwidth of the antenna is improved to 27%.

As shown in fig. 3, it can be seen that the gain of the antenna can be effectively improved by adding a metal patch loop layer in the antenna;

As shown in fig. 4 and 5, when the central frequency point of the antenna is 60G, the obtained simulated patterns of the E plane and the H plane are shown in the figure, and it can be seen that the antenna is an omnidirectional antenna and has good radiation characteristics in all directions.

the above embodiments are described in detail for the purpose of illustration, and it is not intended that the invention be limited thereto, but rather that the invention be construed as broadly as the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and all equivalent variations and modifications which fall within the spirit and scope of the invention are therefore intended to be embraced therein.