阅读说明：本技术 一种评估不同条件下光伏发电设备性能的系统及方法 (system and method for evaluating performance of photovoltaic power generation equipment under different conditions ) 是由 肖夏 刘冠聪 戚海洋 于 2019-09-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种评估不同条件下光伏发电设备性能的系统,并给出评估方法。系统包括太阳能电池板、含刻度板金属支架、风光互补控制器、蓄电池和功率计,其中,含刻度金属板支架是根据测试需求设计的。此金属架能够使得太阳能电池板与竖直面的角度从15°到75°变化。预先在支架上对分别对应不同角度的位置挖出可以插入刻度板且底部有挡板的刻度槽,将刻度板插入刻度槽后进行固定,每个刻度槽旁有刻度线进行指示。在进行测量时将太阳能电池板与刻度线对应或放在与刻度板接触良好后即获得与竖直面的准确相应夹角θ。(The invention relates to a system for evaluating the performance of photovoltaic power generation equipment under different conditions, and provides an evaluation method. The system comprises a solar cell panel, a metal bracket with a scale plate, a wind-solar complementary controller, a storage battery and a power meter, wherein the metal bracket with the scale plate is designed according to the test requirement. The metal frame enables the angle of the solar panel to the vertical surface to be changed from 15 degrees to 75 degrees. The scale groove which can be inserted with the scale plate and is provided with the baffle at the bottom is dug out in advance on the support at the position respectively corresponding to different angles, the scale plate is fixed after being inserted into the scale groove, and the scale line is arranged beside each scale groove for indication. When the solar cell panel is measured, the solar cell panel corresponds to the scale marks or is placed in good contact with the scale plates, and then an accurate corresponding included angle theta between the solar cell panel and the vertical surface is obtained.)

1. the system for evaluating the performance of the photovoltaic power generation equipment under different conditions comprises a solar cell panel, a metal support with a scale plate, a wind-solar complementary controller, a storage battery and a power meter, wherein the metal support with the scale plate is designed according to test requirements. The metal frame enables the angle of the solar panel to the vertical surface to be changed from 15 degrees to 75 degrees. The scale grooves which can be inserted with the scale plates and are provided with the baffles at the bottoms are dug at positions respectively corresponding to 15 degrees, 30 degrees, 45 degrees and 60 degrees on the support in advance, the scale plates are inserted into the scale grooves and then fixed, and scale lines are arranged beside each scale groove for indication. When the solar cell panel is measured, the solar cell panel corresponds to the scale marks or is placed in good contact with the scale plates, and then an accurate corresponding included angle theta between the solar cell panel and the vertical surface is obtained; the solar cell panel is connected with the metal plate support with the scales so as to meet the requirements of good support and angle change, the solar cell panel is connected with the wind-solar complementary controller and then connected with the storage battery through the wind-solar complementary controller, and the power meter for visualizing generating performance and the storage battery are connected with the wind-solar complementary controller in parallel.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the graduation marks are manually added to add different measurement angles according to different measurement requirements.

3. An evaluation method implemented with the system of claim 1, comprising the steps of:

1) Determining the minimum value theta of the test angle_mAnd maximum value theta_MAnd an angle change step Δ θ;

2) After the metal bracket containing the scale plate is fixed on the ground, the scale plate is inserted into the corresponding minimum test angle theta_mIn the scale groove, the solar cell panel is fixed with the metal bracket, the angle is adjusted to ensure that the solar cell panel is in good contact with the scale plate, and meanwhile, the bottom end of the solar cell panel is kept in contact with the ground;

3) Obtaining the current fixed angle theta through a power meter_mThe power generation condition of the solar cell panel;

4) After one-time measurement is finished, the metal support with the scale plate is moved to enable the solar cell panel to be aligned with the middle scale line, and at the moment, the included angle between the solar cell panel and the vertical direction is theta_mb, + DELTAθ; gradually moving the metal bracket with the scale plate to change an included angle between the solar cell panel and the vertical direction, and testing the power generation performance of the solar cell panel under the same illumination condition;

5) repeating the step 4) until the testing angle reaches the maximum value theta_M；

6) And drawing a power curve graph change diagram according to the data, analyzing to obtain the optimal installation angle of the solar panel, and determining the optimal installation position of the photovoltaic power generation equipment.

4. The evaluation method according to claim 3, wherein the influence of the solar panel on the power generation performance under different environments is verified by adding quantitative flowing sand, fixed sand and water on the solar panel.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a detection system and a detection method, in particular to a detection system and a detection method capable of evaluating the charging performance of a solar cell panel in a severe environment, which can accurately measure the power generation performance of the solar cell panel in different environments with different installation angles, further help a user to quickly obtain the position and angle of the installation of the solar cell panel and quantitatively analyze the influence of the environment on the power generation performance of photovoltaic equipment.

Background

In recent years, the utilization of clean energy such as solar energy and light energy power generation is widely popularized, the country also greatly supports and encourages the development and use of solar energy and wind energy, the solar energy irradiated on the earth is huge, and the solar energy irradiated on the earth for about 40 minutes is enough for the consumption of energy of human beings all year round. Solar energy is really inexhaustible energy. And the solar energy is absolutely clean in power generation, and is not polluted and is also praised as ideal energy.

The west part of the total solar radiation is higher than the east part of the total solar radiation in China, the peak-valley value of the total solar radiation is concentrated between 22-35 degrees in north latitude, and the peak value is in Qinghai-Tibet plateau. Compared with hydroelectric power, wind power and nuclear power, the solar power generation has no emission and noise, is reasonable in engineering ethics, mature in application technology, safe and reliable, and is the first choice for building ecological public dry toilets in rural and pastoral areas in Qinghai provinces. Besides large-scale grid-connected power generation and off-grid application, the solar energy can also solve the problems of residents in remote areas, outdoor operation, communication power supply and the like which cannot be reached by a conventional power grid.

Users in the middle processes such as the power generation condition of the wind-solar hybrid power generation scheme system on the market are often unknown. The installation positions of the solar cell panel and the wind driven generator are often installed according to the specifications, the same installation mode is obviously inapplicable under the illumination conditions and the environment conditions of different areas in China and even in vast areas all over the world, meanwhile, the requirement of off-grid ecological public dry toilets in the Qinghai is needed to be deeply known about the power generation performance, the power generation performance of the power generation device in different positions and different states is detected in real time, the optimal installation position of the power generation device is determined, and the power generation performance of the power generation device is exerted to the maximum extent. Meanwhile, the influence of severe environment on the power generation performance of the solar cell panel is evaluated, and a maintenance plan and the selection of photovoltaic equipment are conveniently formulated at an earlier stage.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a system and a method for evaluating the performance of photovoltaic power generation equipment in a severe environment so as to determine the power generation performance of the photovoltaic power generation equipment in different environments with different angles and different installation positions. The invention can be moved at will, and has simple operation and lower cost. The technical scheme is as follows:

The system for evaluating the performance of the photovoltaic power generation equipment under different conditions comprises a solar cell panel, a metal support with a scale plate, a wind-solar complementary controller, a storage battery and a power meter, wherein the metal support with the scale plate is designed according to test requirements. The metal frame enables the angle of the solar panel to the vertical surface to be changed from 15 degrees to 75 degrees. The scale grooves which can be inserted with the scale plates and are provided with the baffles at the bottoms are dug at positions respectively corresponding to 15 degrees, 30 degrees, 45 degrees and 60 degrees on the support in advance, the scale plates are inserted into the scale grooves and then fixed, and scale lines are arranged beside each scale groove for indication. When the solar cell panel is measured, the solar cell panel corresponds to the scale marks or is placed in good contact with the scale plates, and then an accurate corresponding included angle theta between the solar cell panel and the vertical surface is obtained; the solar cell panel is connected with the metal plate support with the scales so as to meet the requirements of good support and angle change, the solar cell panel is connected with the wind-solar complementary controller and then connected with the storage battery through the wind-solar complementary controller, and the power meter for visualizing generating performance and the storage battery are connected with the wind-solar complementary controller in parallel.

And the graduation lines can be manually added according to different measurement requirements to increase different measurement angles.

the invention also provides an evaluation method implemented by the system, which comprises the following steps:

1) determining the minimum value theta of the test angle_mAnd maximum value theta_Mand an angle change step Δ θ;

2) After the metal bracket containing the scale plate is fixed on the ground, the scale plate is inserted into the corresponding minimum test angle theta_mIn the scale groove, the solar cell panel is fixed with the metal bracket, the angle is adjusted to ensure that the solar cell panel is in good contact with the scale plate, and meanwhile, the bottom end of the solar cell panel is kept in contact with the ground;

3) obtaining the current fixed angle theta through a power meter_mThe power generation condition of the solar cell panel;

4) After one-time measurement is finished, the metal support with the scale plate is moved to enable the solar cell panel to be aligned with the middle scale line, and at the moment, the included angle between the solar cell panel and the vertical direction is theta_mb, + DELTAθ; gradually moving metal bracket with scale plate to change solar energy electricitythe included angle between the cell plate and the vertical direction is tested, and the power generation performance of the solar cell panel under the same illumination condition is tested;

5) Repeating the step 4) until the testing angle reaches the maximum value theta_M；

6) And drawing a power curve graph change diagram according to the data, analyzing to obtain the optimal installation angle of the solar panel, and determining the optimal installation position of the photovoltaic power generation equipment.

The influence of the solar cell panel on the power generation performance under different environments can be verified by adding quantitative quicksand, fixed sand, water and the like on the solar cell panel.

The solar cell panel charging detection system has the advantages that the real-time generating voltage, current and power of the solar cell panel can be measured through the cooperation of the solar cell panel, the charging control box and the storage battery and the power meter, which are lacked by common simple generating systems on the market; furthermore, mechanical construction, cost, portability and in principle are superior to the complex and large measurement systems available on the market. The charging detection system is combined with an experimental method for simulating severe environment, and the performance of the photovoltaic power generation equipment is represented together.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a side view of a solar panel charge detection system of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a flowchart of the operation of the control box of the present invention.

Figure 3 is a side view of a solar panel when measured using the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a view of a metal stent

FIG. 5 is a partial view of a metal bracket including graduations

FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the engagement of the scale plate with the metal holder

FIG. 7 is a drawing of an acrylic scale plate component

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a scale groove structure

FIG. 9 is a graph showing the effect of fixed sand on power generation performance

FIG. 10 is a graph of the effect of drift sand on power generation performance

FIG. 11 is a graph showing the effect of water on the power generation performance

Detailed Description

In order to solve the technical problem, the invention firstly provides a photovoltaic power generation performance detection system, which comprises a solar panel power generation device; including the area scale metal support that supports solar cell panel, this support is made through iron rectangle thick piece, not only can provide firm support function and install lightly, can also become different angles with the solar cell panel that supports and settle. Scale values and scale plates corresponding to different angles are designed on the support in advance, so that the solar panel can form various different angles with the vertical plane through different placement positions of the support and can be changed from 0 degree to 90 degrees; the solar photovoltaic hybrid power generation system comprises a charging control box and a wind driven generator input port, wherein the wind driven generator can generate power simultaneously when a solar panel generates power under the condition of wind-solar hybrid power generation, and an auxiliary power generation effect is achieved. And two DC electric appliance load ports are arranged, and a DC load such as a DC bulb and the like can be directly connected to the ports for directly supplying power. Or the DC port is connected with the inverter, and the output end of the inverter is connected with the AC load. The charging control box also comprises a working indicator light and a reset function, the working indicator light carries out corresponding indication under different working states, and the charging control box mainly plays a role in preventing the photovoltaic power generation equipment from being damaged by reverse charging when the solar cell panel is directly connected with the charging storage battery; the method comprises the steps of obtaining a power meter for testing real-time generation voltage, current and power of a solar cell panel; the storage battery used in the detection system is a 12V maintenance-free colloid storage battery.

The invention also provides a test method for evaluating the power generation performance of the photovoltaic power generation equipment under different conditions.

the method comprises the steps of firstly evaluating the influence of the installation position of the power generation equipment on the power generation performance, and mainly evaluating and verifying by adjusting the included angle and the azimuth angle between the photovoltaic power generation equipment and a vertical surface. The change of the included angle is observed and counted mainly by pulling the metal bracket with the scales for many times under the same illumination condition at the same time and in real time; and the azimuth angle is changed mainly by changing the orientation of the photovoltaic power generation device such as north-south or east-west. Through a plurality of times of test statistical results, the optimal installation position of the current photovoltaic power generation equipment is determined, and the performance of the solar cell panel is exerted to the maximum extent.

The method evaluates the influence of environmental factors on the power generation performance of the photovoltaic power generation equipment, and mainly considers sand and water. The sand and the water are covered on the surface of the solar cell panel to simulate the solar surface in a severe environment, the influence of the test system on the photovoltaic power generation performance is tested, and a user is helped to make a cleaning plan and select a panel made of a proper material in actual use.

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention and do not limit the scope of the invention.

Now, with reference to the above drawings, an embodiment of evaluating power generation performance based on photovoltaic power generation detection system evaluation equipment is provided.

Before the relevant detection and evaluation, the solar panel 1 is fixed at a certain angle, and then is connected with ports of the power meter 5, the charging control box 3 and the like by hard wires. When relevant LED lamps on the charging control box 3 make relevant instructions, the system is in a normal working state, otherwise, whether the connection is correct needs to be checked; in addition, corresponding indicator lights in the system can indicate different indications when all parts work normally. The charging control box 3 rectifies the direct current generated by the solar panel and the alternating current generated by the wind driven generator to obtain direct current electric energy, and the direct current electric energy is transmitted to the storage battery 4 together. In addition, the important effect of control box lies in preventing that the condition that the direction charges appears when directly connecting the condition when battery voltage is higher than solar cell panel and fan voltage in order to lead to the emergence of power generating equipment burnt out the problem, and protective apparatus has just increased the security greatly. The system workflow is shown in fig. 2. After the charging detection system works normally, the real-time changing electrical parameters are read out through the display panel of the power meter 5, information including voltage, current, power and the like is detected and recorded in real time, and the actual charging condition of the solar cell panel under different installation angles and different illumination conditions is shown, which is a function that most power distribution systems in the market do not have. The detection system is shown in fig. 1.

Therefore, the detection system realizes quantitative detection of the power generation capacity of the photovoltaic equipment through the visual panel of the power meter 5, and the technical effect is obvious.

Secondly, on the basis of the photovoltaic power generation capacity detection system, an evaluation method for power generation capacity under different conditions is provided, and the evaluation method comprises two parts, namely equipment installation position and environmental factors.

In the evaluation of the mounting position, the mounting angle is mainly achieved by changing the position of the metal bracket 2. The solar energy metal bracket is shown in fig. 4, the angle range of the metal bracket can be changed from 15 degrees to 75 degrees, and four scale grooves which can be inserted into the scale plate 21 are dug on the bracket at 15 degrees, 30 degrees, 45 degrees and 60 degrees as shown in fig. 5. The bottom of each scale groove is provided with a baffle 23 to facilitate the fixing of the scale plate 21, and the connection mode is shown in fig. 6. Wherein the scale plate is an acrylic plate customized to a particular shape as shown in fig. 7. The scale groove of the metal bracket is shown in fig. 8. Two graduation marks are arranged beside each graduation groove as shown in figure 5. When the measurement is carried out, the accurate corresponding included angle theta between the solar cell panel 1 and the vertical surface can be obtained after the solar cell panel 1 is in good contact with the scale plate, and the scale lines can be manually added according to different measurement requirements so as to increase different measurement angles.

The evaluation procedure was as follows:

1. Determining the minimum value theta of the test angle_mand maximum value theta_MAnd an angle change step Δ θ;

2. after the metal support 2 is fixed on the ground, the scale plate 21 is inserted into the corresponding minimum test angle theta_mIn the scale groove 22, the solar cell panel 1 is fixed with the metal bracket, the angle is adjusted to ensure that the solar cell panel 1 is in good contact with the scale plate 21, and meanwhile, the bottom end of the solar cell panel 1 is kept in contact with the ground;

3. Passing powerThe meter 5 obtains the current fixed angle theta_mThe power generation condition of the solar cell panel 1;

4. As shown in fig. 3, after one measurement is completed, the metal support 2 is moved to align the solar panel with the scale mark 1, and at this time, the included angle between the solar panel and the vertical direction is theta_mand +. DELTA.theta.s. Gradually moving the metal support 2 to change the vertical direction of the solar panel 1, and testing the power generation performance of the solar panel 1 under the same illumination condition;

5. Repeating the step 4 until the testing angle reaches the maximum value theta_M；

6. And drawing a power curve graph change diagram according to the data, analyzing to obtain the optimal installation angle of the solar panel, and determining the optimal installation position of the photovoltaic power generation equipment more quickly and accurately.

In the evaluation of the influence of the environment on the performance of the photovoltaic power generation equipment, the performance of the photovoltaic power generation equipment in a severe environment is simulated mainly by covering the surface of the solar panel 1 with fixed sand, quicksand or water, wherein the area of the solar panel covered by the fixed sand is about 1/3. The power generation performance of the photovoltaic power generation equipment is reduced by more than 12% under the condition of fixed sand, the power generation performance of the photovoltaic power generation equipment is reduced by 4% -12% under the condition of flowing sand, and the power generation performance of the photovoltaic power generation equipment is reduced by 3% -5% under the condition of water, which are respectively shown in fig. 9, fig. 10 and fig. 11.

therefore, the invention and the test evaluation method can accurately test multiple groups of data of the power generation performance of the solar cell panel under different conditions in a short time, and have the advantages of simple and convenient operation, easy movement, low manufacturing cost, good superiority and practical applicability.