阅读说明：本技术 一种骨科取钉装置 (Orthopedics nail taking device ) 是由 龙登燕 纪爱敏 王豪 赵仲航 于 2019-09-23 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了骨科医疗器械技术领域的一种骨科取钉装置,旨在解决现有技术中的骨钉取出器大多只能适应单一尺寸和型号的骨钉,以及取出骨钉时稳定性不足的技术问题。所述装置包括夹爪组件、与夹爪组件滑动连接的固定组件、与夹爪组件传动连接的手柄杆；所述夹爪组件包括钻夹芯,所述钻夹芯内设有不少于三个绕其轴向呈中心对称分布的内斜向通孔,所述通孔内沿其轴向滑动连接有夹爪,所述夹爪上部外侧设有外螺纹；钻夹芯外设有钻夹芯外壳,钻夹芯与钻夹芯外壳之间设有螺纹套筒,所述螺纹套筒内侧设有与所述外螺纹相适配的锥形螺纹。(The invention discloses an orthopedic nail taking device in the technical field of orthopedic medical instruments, and aims to solve the technical problems that most of bone nail extractors in the prior art can only adapt to bone nails with single size and type and are insufficient in stability when the bone nails are taken out. The device comprises a clamping jaw assembly, a fixing assembly in sliding connection with the clamping jaw assembly, and a handle rod in transmission connection with the clamping jaw assembly; the clamping jaw assembly comprises a drill sandwich, at least three inner oblique through holes which are centrosymmetrically distributed around the axial direction of the drill sandwich are arranged in the drill sandwich, a clamping jaw is connected in the through holes in a sliding mode along the axial direction of the through holes, and external threads are arranged on the outer side of the upper portion of the clamping jaw; a drill sandwich shell is arranged outside the drill clamping core, a threaded sleeve is arranged between the drill sandwich and the drill clamping core shell, and a conical thread matched with the external thread is arranged on the inner side of the threaded sleeve.)

1. An orthopedic nail taking device is characterized by comprising a clamping jaw component, a fixing component connected with the clamping jaw component in a sliding way, and a handle rod (4) connected with the clamping jaw component in a transmission way; the clamping jaw assembly comprises a drilling sandwich (1-2), at least three inner oblique through holes which are centrosymmetrically distributed around the axial direction of the drilling sandwich (1-2) are arranged in the drilling sandwich, a clamping jaw (1-1) is connected in the inner oblique through holes in a sliding mode along the axial direction of the inner oblique through holes, and external threads are arranged on the outer side of the upper portion of the clamping jaw (1-1); a drill sandwich shell (1-3) is arranged outside the drill sandwich (1-2), a threaded sleeve (1-4) is arranged between the drill sandwich (1-2) and the drill sandwich shell (1-3), and a tapered thread matched with the external thread on the outer side of the upper part of the clamping jaw (1-1) is arranged on the inner side of the threaded sleeve (1-4).

2. The orthopedic nail removal device according to claim 1, wherein the fixing component comprises a fixing ring (2-3) sleeved outside the drill sandwich shell (1-3), a fixing support (2-2) fixedly connected with the fixing ring (2-3), and a fixing band (2-1) arranged at the bottom end of the fixing support (2-2), and the fixing component is slidably connected with the clamping jaw component through the fixing ring (2-3).

3. The orthopedic nail-removing device according to claim 2, characterized in that the fixing supports (2-2) are provided with two pairs, the fixing belts (2-1) are provided with three pairs, one fixing belt (2-1) is connected to the bottom end of one fixing support (2-2), and the other fixing belt (2-1) is connected to the bottom end of the other fixing support (2-2).

4. the orthopedic nail removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that a first bevel gear (23) is fixedly connected to the top end of the drill core (1-2), a second bevel gear (24) is fixedly connected to the handle bar (4), and the first bevel gear (23) and the second bevel gear (24) are meshed with each other.

5. An orthopaedic nail extractor according to claim 4, wherein a connecting plate (4-9) fixedly connected with the handle bar (4), a first spur gear (4-3) connected with a second spur gear (24), a first ratchet wheel (4-4) meshed with the first spur gear (4-3), a second spur gear (4-5) axially connected with the first ratchet wheel (4-4), a second ratchet wheel (4-6) meshed with the second spur gear (4-5), and a motor (4-2) in transmission connection with the second ratchet wheel (4-6) are arranged in the handle bar (4), and a connecting shaft between the first ratchet wheel (4-4) and the second spur gear (4-5) penetrates through the connecting plate (4-9) to be in sliding connection with the connecting plate.

6. an orthopaedic nail extractor according to claim 5, wherein the first bevel gear (23) and the second bevel gear (24) are housed inside a protective casing (25).

7. The orthopedic nail-removing device according to claim 6, characterized in that a universal joint (4-1) fixedly connected with a second bevel gear (24) is further arranged in the handle bar (4), and the first straight gear (4-3) is connected with the second bevel gear (24) through the universal joint (4-1); the handle rod (4) is hinged with the protective shell (25), and the hinged position corresponds to the position of the universal joint (4-1).

8. The orthopedic nail removing device according to claim 6, characterized by further comprising a balance assembly (3) fixedly connected with the protective shell (25) through a flexible shaft, wherein the balance assembly (3) comprises a gyroscope, a vertical inductor and a vertical inductor which are arranged around the gyroscope, a screen (3-1) is arranged outside the balance assembly (3), and the vertical inductor are respectively and electrically connected with the screen (3-1) through a main control.

9. An orthopaedic nail-removing device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the clamping jaw (1-1) is provided with a longitudinal groove on the inside of its bottom.

10. An orthopaedic stapling device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the handle lever (4) is provided on its outside with a rotating ring (4-8).

Technical Field

The invention relates to an orthopedic nail taking device, and belongs to the technical field of orthopedic medical instruments.

Background

With the aging of the urban population, the number of fracture patients is increasing. For the treatment of fracture patients, bone nails are generally used for fixing fracture parts clinically, and after the fracture parts recover to a normal state, the bone nails are taken out. Because of the factors of adhesion with human tissues, change of stress area and the like, the bone nail is difficult to take out, and if the force application angle of the bone nail is deviated, the conditions of screw slipping, fracture and the like of the bone nail are easy to occur, so that the secondary damage to a patient is caused. Bone screw extractor among the prior art adopts the screwdriver head of specific structure mostly, takes out the bone screw through rotating screwdriver head, and this structure can only adapt to the bone screw of single size and model, and stability is not enough when the screwdriver head takes out the bone screw, in case it is great to apply moment, takes place the dislocation easily or draw partially, leads to getting the nail process and has certain safety risk.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide an orthopedic nail taking device to solve the technical problems that most of bone nail extractors in the prior art can only adapt to bone nails with single size and type, the stability is insufficient when the bone nails are taken out, and the safety risk exists in the nail taking operation.

In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

An orthopedic nail-taking device comprises a clamping jaw assembly, a fixing assembly in sliding connection with the clamping jaw assembly, and a handle rod in transmission connection with the clamping jaw assembly; the clamping jaw assembly comprises a drill sandwich, at least three inner oblique through holes which are centrosymmetrically distributed around the axial direction of the drill sandwich are arranged in the drill sandwich, clamping jaws are connected in the inner oblique through holes in a sliding mode along the axial direction of the inner oblique through holes, and external threads are arranged on the outer side of the upper portions of the clamping jaws; a drill sandwich shell is arranged outside the drill clamp core, a threaded sleeve is arranged between the drill sandwich and the drill clamp core shell, and a conical thread matched with the external thread on the outer side of the upper part of the clamping jaw (1-1) is arranged on the inner side of the threaded sleeve.

Furthermore, the fixing assembly comprises a fixing ring sleeved outside the drill sandwich shell, a fixing support fixedly connected with the fixing ring and a fixing belt arranged at the bottom end of the fixing support, and the fixing assembly is connected with the clamping jaw assembly in a sliding mode through the fixing ring.

Further, the fixed bolster is equipped with two pairs, the fixed band is equipped with threely, and one of them pair of fixed bolster bottom respectively is connected with a fixed band, and another fixed band both ends are connected in another pair of fixed bolster bottom respectively.

furthermore, a first bevel gear is fixedly connected to the top end of the drill chuck core, a second bevel gear is fixedly connected to the handle rod, and the first bevel gear and the second bevel gear are meshed with each other.

Furthermore, a connecting plate fixedly connected with the handle rod, a first straight gear connected with a second straight gear, a first ratchet wheel meshed with the first straight gear, a second straight gear axially connected with the first ratchet wheel, a second ratchet wheel meshed with the second straight gear and a motor in transmission connection with the second ratchet wheel are arranged in the handle rod, and a connecting shaft between the first ratchet wheel and the second straight gear penetrates through the connecting plate to be in sliding connection with the connecting plate.

Further, the first bevel gear and the second bevel gear are accommodated in the protective shell.

Furthermore, a universal joint fixedly connected with a second bevel gear is also arranged in the handle rod, and the first straight gear is connected with the second bevel gear through the universal joint; the handle rod is hinged with the protective shell, and the hinged position corresponds to the position of the universal joint.

Further, still include the balanced subassembly through flexible axle and protective housing fixed connection, the balanced subassembly includes the gyroscope and locates perpendicular inductor and vertical inductor around the gyroscope, and the balanced subassembly outside is equipped with the screen, and perpendicular inductor and vertical inductor are respectively through master control and screen electric connection.

further, the inner side of the bottom of the clamping jaw is provided with a longitudinal groove.

Furthermore, a rotating ring is arranged on the outer side of the handle rod.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the device utilizes the clamping jaw to clamp and fix the bone nail, thereby being suitable for bone nails with different specifications and sizes; the self-locking property of the threaded connection between the threaded sleeve and the clamping jaws is utilized to ensure that the three clamping jaws with the bottom ends gathered together cannot be loosened; the transmission direction of the torque is changed by utilizing the two bevel gears with the matching action, so that the vertical space size of a product is favorably compressed; the drill chuck core shell is limited by the fixing ring in the radial direction, so that the action direction of the clamping jaw can be prevented from deviating, and secondary damage to a patient caused by screw slipping, fracture and the like of the bone nail can be avoided.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the jaw assembly in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the connection structure of the handle bar and the clamping jaw assembly in the embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the handle lever in an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a bottom structure of the clamping jaw in the embodiment of the invention.

in the figure: 1-1, clamping jaw; 1-2, drilling a clamping core; 1-3, a drill chuck core shell; 1-4, a threaded sleeve; 2-1, fixing the belt; 2-2, fixing a bracket; 2-3, fixing a ring; 3. a balancing component; 3-1, a screen; 4. a handle bar; 4-1, universal joint; 4-2, a motor; 4-3, a first straight gear; 4-4, a first ratchet wheel; 4-5, a second spur gear; 4-6, a second ratchet wheel; 4-7, a bolt; 4-8, rotating the ring; 4-9, connecting plates; 23. a first bevel gear; 24. a second bevel gear; 25. a protective shell.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.

It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms "front", "rear", "left", "right", "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of describing the present invention but do not require that the present invention must be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. As used in the description of the present invention, the terms "front," "back," "left," "right," "up," "down" and "in" refer to directions in the drawings, and the terms "inner" and "outer" refer to directions toward and away from, respectively, the geometric center of a particular component.

As shown in fig. 1, the overall structure of the embodiment of the invention is schematically illustrated, and the orthopedic nail-removing device comprises a clamping jaw assembly, a fixing assembly connected with the side surface of the clamping jaw assembly in a sliding manner, a handle rod 4 connected with the top surface of the clamping jaw assembly in a transmission manner, and a balance assembly 3 fixedly connected with the clamping jaw assembly;

More specifically, as shown in fig. 2, which is a cross-sectional view of the clamping jaw assembly in the embodiment of the present invention, the clamping jaw assembly includes a cylindrical drill core 1-2, three inner oblique through holes are arranged in the drill core 1-2 and are centrally and symmetrically distributed around the axial direction, a clamping jaw 1-1 is connected in each inner oblique through hole along the axial direction thereof in a sliding manner, a drill core housing 1-3 is arranged outside the drill core 1-2, a two-piece threaded sleeve 1-4 is arranged between the drill core 1-2 and the drill core housing 1-3, a tapered thread is arranged inside the threaded sleeve 1-4, an external thread is arranged outside the upper portion of the clamping jaw 1-1, the tapered thread is adapted to the external thread outside the upper portion of the clamping jaw 1-1, the inclination angle of the inner side surface of the threaded sleeve 1-4 is consistent with the inclination angle of, so that a thread pair is formed between the thread sleeve 1-4 and the clamping jaw 1-1;

the fixing component comprises a fixing belt 2-1, a fixing support 2-2 and a fixing ring 2-3, the fixing ring 2-3 is sleeved outside the drill sandwich shell 1-3, the fixing ring 2-3 limits the drill sandwich shell in the radial direction of the drill sandwich shell 1-3, and the drill sandwich shell 1-3 can rotate around the axial direction of the drill sandwich shell in the fixing ring 2-3 and can slide up and down along the axial direction of the drill sandwich shell in a certain range; two pairs of L-shaped fixing supports 2-2 are fixedly connected to the outer side face of the fixing ring 2-3, three fixing belts 2-1 are arranged, wherein the bottom ends of the pair of fixing supports 2-2 arranged on the front side and the rear side of the fixing ring 2-3 are respectively connected with one annular fixing belt 2-1, and the bottom ends of the pair of fixing supports 2-2 arranged on the left side and the right side of the fixing ring 2-3 are connected with two ends of the other strip-shaped fixing belt 2-1.

More specifically, as shown in fig. 3, which is a schematic view of a connection structure of a handle bar and a clamping jaw assembly in an embodiment of the present invention, the upper surface of the drill core 1-2 is fixedly connected with a first bevel gear 23 through a connecting shaft, and the first bevel gear 23 is in meshing connection with a second bevel gear 24; the second bevel gear 24 is connected to the left half part of the universal joint 4-1 through a connecting shaft, the right half part of the universal joint 4-1 is connected with a first straight gear 4-3 through a connecting shaft, the first straight gear 4-3 is connected with a first ratchet 4-4 in a meshing manner, the first ratchet 4-4 is axially connected with a second straight gear 4-5 through a connecting shaft, the second straight gear 4-5 is connected with a second ratchet 4-6 in a meshing manner, and the second ratchet 4-6 is in transmission connection with the motor 4-2 through a connecting shaft. In this embodiment, the first bevel gear 23 and the second bevel gear 24 are both accommodated in the protective housing 25, the balance assembly 3 is connected to the top surface of the protective housing 25 through a flexible shaft, the balance assembly 3 includes a gyroscope, and a vertical sensor which are arranged around the gyroscope, the screen 3-1 is arranged outside the balance assembly 3, and the vertical sensor are respectively electrically connected with the screen 3-1 through a master control. The balance component 3 measures and obtains an included angle of the axial direction of the drill sandwich core 1-2 relative to the vertical direction by utilizing the orientation principle of a gyroscope, and displays the included angle through the screen 3-1.

when the bone nail taking device is used for taking a bone nail, firstly, the leg of a patient is fixed by the three fixing belts 2-1 to ensure the stability of the device in the nail taking process, the fixing angle of the device can be known in time through the screen 3-1 arranged on the outer surface of the balance component 3, the fixing angle of the fixing belts 2-1 is adjusted according to prompts, and the axial direction of the drill sandwich 1-2 is ensured to be always positioned in the vertical direction; then, a starting motor 4-2 drives a second ratchet wheel 4-6 to rotate, the second ratchet wheel 4-6 transmits torque to a second straight gear 4-5 in meshed connection with the second ratchet wheel, the second straight gear 4-5 transmits the torque to a first ratchet wheel 4-4 in axial connection with the second straight gear, the first ratchet wheel 4-4 transmits the torque to a first straight gear 4-3 in meshed connection with the first straight gear, the first straight gear 4-3 drives a drill sandwich 1-2 to rotate around the axial direction of the drill sandwich through a first bevel gear 23 and a second bevel gear 24 which are mutually matched, the drill sandwich 1-2 drives a clamping jaw 1-1 to rotate along with the axial direction of the drill sandwich, the clamping jaw 1-1 and a threaded sleeve 1-4 form a thread pair, so that the clamping jaw 1-1 is pushed to extend downwards, and the distances among the bottom ends of the three clamping jaws 1-1 are continuously close, until the bone nail is firmly clamped; the drill sandwich 1-2 is continuously rotated to drive the bone nail to rotate towards the unscrewing direction, so that the bone nail moves upwards, and the bone nail pushes the drill sandwich shell 1-3 to move upwards together through the clamping jaw 1-1 and the threaded sleeve 1-4 until the bone nail is taken out. In the process that the drill sandwich 1-2 continuously rotates, the three clamping jaws 1-1 with the bottom ends gathered together are ensured not to loosen due to the self-locking property of the threaded connection between the threaded sleeves 1-4 and the clamping jaws 1-1; because the bone nail is clamped and fixed by the three clamping jaws 1-1, the device of the invention can be suitable for bone nails with different specifications and sizes; because the distance between the bottom ends of the three clamping jaws 1-1 can not be further approached, the drill sandwich 1-2 drives the drill sandwich shell 1-3 to rotate around the axial direction thereof through the threaded sleeve 1-4, the drill sandwich shell 1-3 is limited by the fixing ring 2-3 in the radial direction, the deviation of the action direction of the clamping jaw 1-1 can be prevented, and the secondary damage to a patient caused by the slipping and breaking of bone nails and the like can be avoided. Due to the matching effect of the first bevel gear 23 and the second bevel gear 24, the transmission direction of the torque is changed, and the device is beneficial to compressing the vertical space size; because the universal joint 4-1 is arranged between the second bevel gear 24 and the first straight gear 4-3, the force application angle of the handle rod 4 can be conveniently adjusted, and the force application adjustment range is expanded.

More specifically, as shown in fig. 4, which is a schematic view of the internal structure of the handle bar in the embodiment of the present invention, the handle bar 4 is cylindrical, and the radially outer side of the handle bar 4 is provided with a rotating ring 4-8 capable of rotating along with the handle bar 4, so as to facilitate the handle bar 4 to be held by hand to rotate along the radial direction. A connecting plate 4-9 fixedly connected with the handle rod 4 is arranged in the handle rod 4, a connecting shaft axially connecting the first ratchet 4-4 and the second straight gear 4-5 penetrates through the connecting plate 4-9, the aperture of a through hole in the connecting plate 4-9 is slightly larger than the diameter of the connecting shaft, so that the connecting shaft can axially rotate in the connecting plate 4-9 to ensure that the second straight gear 4-5 can transmit torque to the first ratchet 4-4 through the connecting rod, and meanwhile, the connecting plate 4-9 plays a role in limiting in the front, back, left, right, up and down directions on the connecting shaft. The left side of the handle rod 4 is provided with two lugs, and through holes are respectively arranged on the two lugs; the right side of the protective shell 25 is also provided with two lugs, and through holes are also formed in the two lugs respectively; the distance between the two lugs on the handle rod 4 is slightly smaller than the distance between the two lugs on the protective shell 25, so that the two lugs on the handle rod 4 are clamped inside the two lugs on the protective shell 25, the bolts 4-7 sequentially penetrate through holes in the protective shell 25 and the two lugs of the handle rod 4, the left side of the handle rod 4 is hinged to the right side of the protective shell 25, the hinged position is just located at the position of a universal joint 4-1 in the handle rod 4, and therefore the universal joint 4-1 is matched to move, and the force application adjusting range of the handle rod 4 is further enlarged.

When the device is used for taking nails, the handle rod 4 can be directly held by a hand to rotate around the axial direction without being driven by the motor 4-2, namely, the handle rod 4 is rotated clockwise, and at the moment, the connecting shaft connecting the first ratchet wheel 4-4 and the second straight gear 4-5 moves along with the handle rod 4 as being limited by the connecting plate 4-9; because the second ratchet wheel 4-6 can only rotate clockwise, the second ratchet wheel cannot rotate at the moment, the handle rod 4 rotates clockwise, the first ratchet wheel 4-4 rotates clockwise around the first straight gear 4-3, but under the action of the pawl, the first ratchet wheel 4-4 can only rotate anticlockwise, and at the moment, the first ratchet wheel serves as a driving wheel to drive the first straight gear 4-3 to rotate anticlockwise, so that the bone nail is taken out.

More specifically, as shown in fig. 5, which is a schematic view of the bottom structure of the clamping jaw in the embodiment of the present invention, the inner side of the bottom of the clamping jaw 1-1 is provided with a plurality of longitudinal grooves, which is beneficial to increase the friction force between the clamping jaw 1-1 and the bone nail, further ensures the stability of clamping the bone nail, and is beneficial to reduce the safety risk when the device is operated.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.