阅读说明：本技术 一种带有预热器和过热器的蒸汽发生器 (Steam generator with preheater and superheater ) 是由 王政伟 张郑周 刘璇 纪国剑 李森 于 2019-09-11 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于热能利用技术领域,涉及一种带有预热器和过热器的蒸汽发生器,包括过热器、蒸发器、预热器。主要特征是利用一组U形蒸发管通过热媒A、B分配室将过热器、蒸发器、预热器串连成一个整体式结构；U形蒸发管的进口直管和过热器的换热管A的出口端与热媒A分配室连通,U形蒸发管的出口直管和预热器换热管B的进口端与热媒B分配室连通。热媒依次流经过热器、热媒A分配室、蒸发器、热媒B分配室和预热器来完成对蒸汽的过热、水的蒸发和水的预热过程,使冷热流体逆向流动,增加传热温差和热媒的进出口温差,提高热媒的能源利用率。本发明具有结构紧凑、安装空间少、提高热能利用率和<Image he="66" wi="64" file="DDA0002198248530000011.GIF" imgContent="drawing" imgFormat="GIF" orientation="portrait" inline="no"></Image>效率,可获得良好的经济社会效益。(The invention belongs to the technical field of heat energy utilization, and relates to a steam generator with a preheater and a superheater. The main characteristic is that a group of U-shaped evaporation tubes are used to connect the superheater, the evaporator and the preheater in series into an integral structure through a heating medium A, B distribution chamber; the inlet straight pipe of the U-shaped evaporation pipe and the outlet end of the heat exchange pipe A of the superheater are communicated with the heat medium A distribution chamber, and the outlet straight pipe of the U-shaped evaporation pipe and the inlet end of the heat exchange pipe B of the preheater are communicated with the heat medium B distribution chamber. The heat medium sequentially flows through the superheater, the heat medium A distribution chamber, the evaporator, the heat medium B distribution chamber and the preheater to complete the processes of superheating steam, evaporating water and preheating water, so that cold and hot fluids reversely flow, and the quantity of the heat medium is increasedThe heat transfer temperature difference and the temperature difference of the inlet and the outlet of the heat medium improve the energy utilization rate of the heat medium. The invention has the advantages of compact structure, small installation space, improved heat energy utilization rate and High efficiency and high economic and social benefits.)

1. A steam generator with a preheater and a superheater is characterized in that: the heat exchanger comprises a superheater (1), an evaporator (2), a preheater (3), a heat medium A distribution chamber (4) and a heat medium B distribution chamber (5), wherein the superheater (1), the evaporator (2) and the preheater (3) are connected in series into an integral structure through the heat medium A distribution chamber (4) and the heat medium B distribution chamber (5) by utilizing a U-shaped evaporation pipe (23); wherein, superheater (1) and preheater (3) set up the bottommost at whole steam generator, heat medium A distributor (4) are in the centre of evaporimeter (2) and superheater (1), heat medium B distributor (5) are in the centre of evaporimeter (2) and preheater (3), heat medium A distributor (4) and superheater (1) are on the left side, heat medium B distributor (5) and preheater (3) are on the right side, superheater (1) and preheater (3) are controlled and are made up into a whole and pass through flange and evaporimeter (2) sealing connection again.

2. The steam generator with a preheater and a superheater according to claim 1, wherein: the evaporator (2) comprises a water space shell (21), a concave guide plate (22), a U-shaped evaporation tube (23), an annular water distribution pipe (24), a steam space shell (25), a cyclone separator (26), a corrugated plate separator (27), a saturated steam outlet tube (28), a saturated water inlet tube (29), a support member (210), a tube plate (211), a drain outlet tube (212) and a flange (213), wherein the steam space shell (25) is positioned above the water space shell (21), and the saturated steam outlet tube (28) is arranged at the top of the steam space shell (25) and is communicated with the inside of the steam space shell (25); the cyclone separator (26) and the corrugated plate separator (27) are arranged in the steam space shell (25), and the corrugated plate separator (27) is positioned above the cyclone separator (26); the annular water distribution pipe (24) is arranged at the upper end in the water space shell (21) and is communicated with the saturated water inlet pipe (29); the saturated water inlet pipe (29) and the sewage outlet pipe (212) are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the water space shell (21) and are communicated with the water space shell (21); the U-shaped evaporation tube (23) is arranged in the water space shell (21) below the saturated steam outlet tube, and the lower end of the U-shaped evaporation tube (23) is fixed on the tube plate (211).

3. The steam generator with a preheater and a superheater according to claim 2, wherein: the water space shell (21) is a cylindrical shell, the steam space shell (25) is a curved rotary cylinder, the minimum diameter of the steam space shell (25) is equal to that of the water space shell (21), and the maximum diameter of the steam space shell (25) is 2-3 times that of the water space shell (21); the upper end of the water space shell (21) is butted with the lower end of the steam space shell (25).

4. The steam generator with a preheater and a superheater according to claim 2, wherein: u-shaped evaporating pipe (23) including import straight tube (231), U-shaped pipe (232) and export straight tube (233) that connect gradually, and U-shaped evaporating pipe (23) invert in water space casing (21) of evaporimeter (2), import straight tube (231) pass tube sheet (211) and heat medium A distributor (4) intercommunication, export straight tube (233) pass tube sheet (211) and communicate in heat medium B distributor (5).

5. The steam generator with a preheater and a superheater according to claim 4, wherein: the superheater (1) comprises a heating medium inlet distribution box (10), a heat exchange pipe A (11), a lower pipe plate A (12), a shell A (13), a baffle plate A (15), a flange A (17), an upper pipe plate A (18) and a partition plate A (19); the lower end of the shell A (13) is fixedly connected with the heating medium inlet distribution box (10), the lower pipe plate A (12), the plurality of baffle plates A (15) and the upper pipe plate A (18) are sequentially arranged in the shell A (13) and are fixedly connected with the heat exchange pipe A (11), and the flange A (17) is connected with the outer wall of the upper end of the shell A (13); the inlet end of the heat exchange tube A (11) is communicated with the heat medium inlet distribution box (10), penetrates through mounting holes in the lower tube plate A (12), the baffle plate A (15) and the upper tube plate A (18), and is fixedly connected with the lower tube plate A (12) and the upper tube plate A (18), and the outlet end of the heat exchange tube A (11) is communicated with the heat medium A distribution chamber (4); the saturated steam inlet pipe (16) and the superheated steam outlet pipe (14) are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end outside the shell A (13) and are communicated with the inside of the shell A (13). The fixing position of the upper tube plate A (18) and the shell (13) is adjustable so as to adjust the heat exchange area of the superheater.

6. The steam generator with a preheater and a superheater according to claim 5, wherein: the preheater (3) comprises a heat medium outlet collection box (30), a heat exchange pipe B (31), a lower tube plate B (32), a shell B (33), a baffle plate B (35), an upper tube plate B (38), a partition plate B (39) and a flange B (37); the lower end of the shell B (33) is fixedly connected with the heat medium outlet collection box (30), the lower pipe plate B (32), the baffle plate B (35) and the upper pipe plate B (38) are sequentially arranged in the shell B (33) and are fixedly connected with the shell B (33), and the flange B (37) is fixedly connected with the outer side of the upper end of the shell B (33); the inlet end of the heat exchange tube B (31) is communicated with the heat medium B distribution chamber (5), penetrates through mounting holes in the lower tube plate B (32), the baffle plate B (35) and the upper tube plate B (38), and is fixedly connected with the lower tube plate B (32) and the upper tube plate B (38), and the outlet end of the heat exchange tube B (31) is communicated with the heat medium outlet collection box (30); the water outlet pipe (36) and the water inlet pipe (34) are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end outside the shell B (33) and are communicated with the inside of the shell B (33). The fixed positions of the upper tube plate B (38) and the shell (33) are adjustable so as to adjust the heat exchange area of the preheater.

7. The steam generator with a preheater and a superheater according to claim 6, wherein: the shell A (13) of the superheater (1) and the shell B (33) of the preheater (3) are welded into a whole in a welding mode and are connected with the flange (213) of the evaporator (2) in a sealing mode through the flange A (17) and the flange B (37); a saturated steam outlet pipe (28) on the evaporator (2) is communicated with a saturated steam inlet pipe (16) on the superheater (1) through a pipeline; a saturated water inlet pipe (29) on the evaporator (2) is communicated with a water outlet pipe (36) on the preheater (3) through a pipeline.

8. The steam generator with a preheater and a superheater according to claim 7, wherein: the shell A (13) and the shell B (33) are both semi-cylindrical structures and are fixedly connected together through combination to form a cylindrical shell, a partition plate A (19) and a partition plate B (39) are arranged between the superheater (1) and the preheater (3), and an air gap is reserved between the partition plate A (19) and the partition plate B (39); the upper end of the partition plate A (19) is hermetically connected with a tube plate (211) of the evaporator (2), the lower end of the partition plate A is fixedly connected with the heat medium inlet distribution box (10), the upper end of the partition plate B (39) is hermetically connected with the tube plate (211) of the evaporator (2), and the lower end of the partition plate B is fixedly connected with the heat medium outlet collection box (30); the lower end of the cylindrical shell is respectively fixedly connected with the heating medium inlet distribution box (10) and the heating medium outlet collection box (30), the outer part of the upper end of the cylindrical shell is fixedly connected with the flange A (17) and the flange B (37), and the flange A (17) and the flange B (37) are fixedly connected into an integral flange.

9. The steam generator with a preheater and a superheater according to claim 2, wherein: the concave guide plates (22) are arranged on the inlet straight pipe (231) and the outlet straight pipe (233) in a crossed mode at intervals and are fixed with the inlet straight pipe (231) and the outlet straight pipe (233).

10. The steam generator with a preheater and a superheater according to claim 2, wherein: the U-shaped evaporation tube (23) is composed of a plurality of heat exchange tubes, and the heat exchange tubes are light tubes, threaded tubes, heat exchange tubes with inner fins or heat exchange tubes with inner turbulence pieces.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of heat energy utilization, in particular to a steam generator with a preheater and a superheater.

Background

In a solar photo-thermal power generation system, due to changes of weather, day and night and seasons, the solar receiver obtains great fluctuation of photo-thermal load, and a subsequent steam turbine generator unit usually needs stable load to achieve efficient, safe and reliable operation, so that a heat storage and release device with enough capacity is needed to balance the difference between the solar receiver and the subsequent steam turbine generator unit. In the cogeneration heating system, the boiler and the steam turbine generator unit can only be operated efficiently and stably under the stable heat load, but the required generated heat load and the living heat load have great difference due to the generation period, the shift, the living habits of residents and the like, and the difference in supply and demand causes the inefficient operation of the heating system and the waste of energy. Large capacity heat storage devices are therefore required in these energy production and transportation fields to stabilize the imbalance in supply and demand of the system. At present, heat storage technologies include sensible heat storage, phase change heat storage and thermochemical heat storage, and in the fields of photothermal power generation and cogeneration heat supply, sensible heat and phase change heat storage are most widely applied. The technical problem in the heat storage and extraction process is how to improve the thermal efficiency of the heat storage and release processEfficiency otherwise would cause a large waste of energy andEnergy is lost.

In the conventional photo-thermal power generation system and cogeneration system, in order to improve the power generation efficiency of steam and the utilization rate of a heating medium, saturated steam needs to be superheated into superheated steam at a certain temperature, and low-temperature water also needs to enter a preheaterAfter being heated to the saturation temperature of the corresponding pressure, the steam enters the steam generator, so that the heat exchange area of the evaporator and the sensible heat of the heating medium can be fully utilized. But prior art's steam generator is because the structural restriction of body, generally can only produce saturated steam, when needs use superheated steam, need install independent over heater or other auxiliary heating equipment additional, when needs heat subcooled water to saturated water, need install independent pre-heater (also called economizer) additional, over heater and pre-heater and main part evaporimeter independent installation operation like this, need use each equipment business turn over mouth of pipe connection, installation space and manufacturing cost have been increased, can cause more energy waste and heat quality to reduce simultaneously in heat extraction and transfer process, make whole electricity generation heating system's the thermal efficiency and with the heat quality reductionThe efficiency is reduced, and the invention aims to solve the technical problems encountered at present.

The invention provides a steam generator with a preheater and a superheater, which has the advantages of compact structure, low manufacturing cost and less installation space; meanwhile, in the heat exchange process, the three stages of preheating, evaporating and overheating of water are all carried out in one main body device, the heat exchange area of an evaporator and the sensible heat of a high-temperature heating medium can be fully utilized, so that low-temperature supercooled water can generate superheated steam with higher temperature, the heat storage and heat release thermal efficiency is improved, and the heat exchange efficiency is improvedThe efficiency, and the upper tube plate A of the superheater and the lower tube plate B of the preheater can be adjusted to adjust the respective heat exchange areas, so that the outlet temperature of the superheated steam and the preheating temperature of the water are adjusted.

disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: reduce the energy waste and the quality reduction caused by the distributed heat exchange equipment, reduce the energy waste and the quality reductioncan lose energy, save energy, improve the service efficiency of a heat storage and release system and simultaneously ensure thatThe main body equipment has compact structure, saves space and reduces cost.

The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows: a steam generator with a preheater and a superheater includes a superheater, an evaporator, a preheater, a heat medium A distribution chamber and a heat medium B distribution chamber. The U-shaped evaporation tube consists of an inlet straight tube, a U-shaped tube and an outlet straight tube, and is inverted in a water space shell of the evaporator, the inlet straight tube passes through the tube plate to be communicated with the heating medium A distribution chamber, and the outlet straight tube passes through the tube plate to be communicated with the heating medium B distribution chamber; the heat exchange tube A of the superheater is communicated with the heat medium A distribution chamber through the upper tube plate A, and the heat exchange tube B of the preheater is communicated with the heat medium B distribution chamber through the upper tube plate B, so that the superheater, the evaporator and the preheater are connected in series into an integral structure through the heat medium A, B distribution chamber by utilizing a group of U-shaped evaporation tubes. And meanwhile, a saturated steam outlet pipe is arranged at the top of the steam space shell on the evaporator and is communicated with a steam inlet pipe on the superheater through a pipeline, and a water inlet pipe on the evaporator is communicated with a water outlet pipe on the preheater through a pipeline.

Considering the compactness and being convenient for with the sealed butt joint of evaporimeter, superheater's casing A and preheater's casing B are the semi-cylindrical structure, and have the same radius and height, the combination welding forms a cylinder casing together to be equipped with baffle A and baffle B near the diameter, reserve between baffle A, B and leave certain air gap, ensure to separate by adiabatic, baffle A both sides and casing A fixed connection, the lower extreme is with import distributor box fixed connection, baffle B both sides and casing B fixed connection, the lower extreme is with heat medium export collection case fixed connection. The lower end of the cylindrical shell is respectively butted with the heating medium inlet distribution box and the heating medium outlet collection box, the outer part of the upper end of the cylindrical shell is fixedly connected with the flange A and the flange B, and the flange of the evaporator is connected with the flange A and the flange B through bolts after being sealed and cushioned.

The superheater comprises a heating medium inlet distribution box, a heat exchange tube A, a lower tube plate A, a shell A, a baffle plate A, an upper tube plate A, a partition plate A and a flange A; the lower end of the superheater shell A is fixedly connected with the heating medium inlet distribution box, the lower tube plate A, the plurality of baffle plates A and the upper tube plate A are sequentially arranged in the shell A according to the flow path and are fixedly connected with the shell A, and the flange A is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the upper end of the shell A of the superheater; the inlet end of the heat exchange tube A is communicated with the heat medium inlet distribution box, penetrates through mounting holes in the lower tube plate A, the middle baffle plate A and the upper tube plate A and then is fixedly connected with the lower tube plate A and the upper tube plate A, and the outlet end of the heat exchange tube A is communicated with the heat medium A distribution chamber; the saturated steam inlet pipe and the superheated steam outlet pipe are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end outside the superheater shell A and are communicated with the inside of the shell A.

The evaporator consists of a water space shell, a concave guide plate, a U-shaped evaporation tube, a steam space shell, a cyclone separator, a corrugated plate separator, a support frame, a tube plate and a flange; the evaporator shell is formed by butt joint of a water space shell and a steam space shell, the steam space shell is positioned above the water space shell, the water space shell is a cylindrical shell, the steam space shell is a curved rotary cylinder, the maximum diameter of the steam space shell is 2-3 times that of the water space shell, so that the requirement of large steam space energy balance pressure is met, and a steam-water separator is installed; the plurality of cyclone separators and the corrugated plate separator are arranged in the steam space shell, and the corrugated plate separator is arranged above the cyclone separators to play a role in secondary separation and ensure the quality of steam; a saturated steam outlet pipe is arranged at the top of the steam space shell and is communicated with the inside of the steam space shell; the water inlet annular water distribution pipe is arranged at the upper end in the water space shell and is communicated with the water inlet pipe, and the water inlet pipe and the sewage discharge pipe are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the water space shell and are communicated with the water space shell; the U-shaped evaporation tube consists of an inlet straight tube, a U-shaped tube and an outlet straight tube, the inlet straight tube penetrates through the tube plate to be communicated with the heating medium A distribution chamber, and the outlet straight tube penetrates through the tube plate to be communicated with the heating medium B distribution chamber and fixed with the tube plate; the concave guide pipe plates are fixedly connected with the inlet straight pipe, the U-shaped pipe and the outlet straight pipe of the U-shaped evaporation pipe and are arranged at intervals in a crossed manner; the tube plate is fixedly connected with the inner side of the lower end of the water space shell, and the flange is fixedly connected with the outer side of the lower end of the water space shell.

The preheater consists of a heat medium outlet collection box, a heat exchange tube B, a lower tube plate B, a shell B, a baffle plate B, an upper tube plate B, a partition plate B and a flange B; the lower end of the preheater shell B is fixedly butted with the outlet collection box, the lower tube plate B, the plurality of baffle plates B and the upper tube plate B are sequentially arranged in the shell B according to the flow and are fixedly connected with the shell B, and the flange B is fixedly connected with the outer side of the upper end of the preheater shell; the inlet end of the heat exchange tube B is communicated with the heat medium B distribution chamber, penetrates through mounting holes in the lower tube plate B, the middle baffle plate B and the upper tube plate B and then is fixedly connected with the lower tube plate B and the upper tube plate B, and the outlet end of the heat exchange tube B is communicated with the heat medium outlet collection chamber; the water outlet pipe and the water inlet pipe are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end outside the shell of the preheater and are communicated with the inside of the shell

In the heat transfer in-process, consider that the aquatic contains salts such as calcium magnesium can form the incrustation scale, long-time gathering can worsen the heat transfer, reduces heat exchange efficiency, as preferred, there is the pull rod of fixed tube bank in the evaporimeter, and whole heat exchanger tube bank can be taken out after unpacing apart, is convenient for clear up inside U-shaped evaporating pipe and the casing. In the heat exchange process, considering that the generation of steam bubbles can cause accumulation and attachment of heat exchange tube walls to influence the circulation flow of fluid in an evaporation chamber, as optimization, (1) a plurality of concave flow guide tube plates are arranged on an inlet straight tube and an outlet straight tube of a U-shaped tube in the evaporator at intervals in a crossed manner to guide the flow and distribution of the bubbles in the heat exchange process and strengthen the heat exchange; (2) the upper end of the evaporator water space is provided with an annular water inlet and distribution pipe, and the water outlet of the evaporator water space is annularly arranged along the inner wall to form a virtuous cycle that cold fluid flows downwards along the inner wall of the water space shell and hot steam rises from the middle.

In order to improve the heat exchange coefficient of the heat exchange tube and enhance the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchange tube, the U-shaped evaporation tube is one or more of a light tube, a threaded tube, a heat exchange tube with an inner fin and a heat exchange tube with an internal turbulence piece. The heat exchange tubes of the invention are not limited to the above-mentioned ones, and other heat exchange tubes with high heat exchange coefficient can also be used.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. The U-shaped evaporation pipe and the heating medium A, B distribution chamber are used for connecting the superheater, the evaporator and the preheater in series to form an integral vertical steam generator, and the device has the remarkable advantages of compact structure, small occupied area, convenience in manufacturing and low cost, and can be widely popularized and applied.

2. Make full use of inner space and mutual independence, couple together cylinder casing and hemisphere casing, reuse two baffles to separate, leave the air gap in the middle of the baffle, form mutually independent over heater and pre-heater, reduce the connecting tube, reduce the heat loss and the maladjustment of heat in the transfer processAnd (4) loss.

3. The fixing positions of the tube plate on the superheater and the tube plate on the preheater and the shell can be adjusted according to the steam superheating temperature and the water preheating temperature so as to meet the requirements of different heat exchange areas of the superheater and the preheater.

4. The invention designs the guide plates on the U-shaped evaporation tubes in the evaporator into the concave arc guide plates, which are used for guiding bubbles generated in the heat exchange process to rise in space and be reasonably distributed, reducing the bubble accumulation phenomenon on the outer wall of the heat exchange tube and enhancing the heat exchange effect. The inner side of the upper end of the water space shell is provided with an annular pipe water distribution pipe, the water outlet is annularly arranged along the inner wall, and a virtuous cycle that cold fluid flows downwards along the inner wall and hot steam rises from the middle is formed under the action of the concave guide plate.

5. The shell space of the evaporator consists of a water space shell and a steam space shell, the steam space is far larger than the water space, and enough cyclone separators and corrugated plate separators can be arranged in the steam space, so that the steam-water separation effect is greatly improved, and the steam quality is ensured.

6. The steam generator with the preheater and the superheater has wide application range, and the high-temperature heating medium can be high-temperature molten salt, heat conduction oil and high-temperature gas.

7. The invention can be used not only for storing heat energy, but also as a new heat exchange device in boiler equipment.

Drawings

The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples.

fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the construction of the superheater, preheater and U-shaped evaporator tube of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a concave baffle configuration of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. the system comprises a superheater, a 2. evaporator, a 3. preheater, a 4. heat medium A distribution chamber, a 5. heat medium B distribution chamber, a 10. heat medium inlet distribution box, 11. heat exchange tubes A, 12. lower tube plates A, 13. shells A, 14. superheated steam outlet tubes, 15. baffle plates A, 16. saturated steam inlet tubes, 17. flanges A, 18. upper tube plates A, 19. partition plates A; 21. the device comprises a water space shell, 22 concave guide plates, 23U-shaped evaporation tubes, 231 inlet straight tubes, 232U-shaped tubes, 233 outlet straight tubes, 24 annular water distribution tubes, 25 steam space shells, 26 cyclone separators, 27 corrugated plate separators, 28 saturated steam outlet tubes, 29 saturated water inlet tubes, 210 support frames, 211 pipe plates, 212 sewage discharge port tubes and 213 flanges, wherein the water space shell is provided with a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe; 30. and a heating medium outlet header tank 31, heat exchange pipes B and 32, lower pipe plates B and 33, shells B and 34, a water inlet pipe 35, baffle plates B and 36, a water outlet pipe 37, flanges B and 38, upper pipe plates B and 39 and a partition plate B.

Detailed Description

The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. This figure is a simplified schematic diagram, and merely illustrates the basic structure of the present invention in a schematic manner, and therefore it shows only the constitution related to the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a steam generator with a preheater and a superheater according to the present invention includes a superheater 1, an evaporator 2, a preheater 3, a heating medium a distribution chamber 4, and a heating medium B distribution chamber 5. Utilize U-shaped evaporating pipe 23, with superheater 1, evaporimeter 2, an overall structure is concatenated into with heat medium A distributor 4 and heat medium B distributor 5 to pre-heater 3, wherein, superheater 1 and pre-heater 3 set up at whole steam generator's bottommost, heat medium A distributor 4 is in the centre of steamer 2 and superheater 1, heat medium B distributor 5 is in the centre of evaporimeter 2 and pre-heater 3, heat medium A distributor 4 and superheater 1 are on the left side, heat medium B distributor 5 and pre-heater 3 are on the right side, superheater 1 and pre-heater 3 are controlled to make up into a whole and are passed through flange and evaporimeter 2 sealing connection again.

The superheater 1 consists of a heating medium inlet distribution box 10, a heat exchange tube A11, a lower tube plate A12, a shell A13, a baffle plate A15, a flange 17, an upper tube plate A18 and a partition plate A19; the shell A13 of the superheater 1 is a semi-cylindrical shell, a saturated steam inlet 16 and a superheated steam outlet 14 are mounted at the upper end and the lower end outside the shell A13 and are communicated with the inside of the shell A13, a lower tube plate A12, a plurality of baffle plates A15 and an upper tube plate A18 are sequentially arranged at the upper part, the lower end, the middle part and the lower part inside the shell A13 of the superheater 1 and are fixed with a heat exchange tube A11, the lower end of the shell A13 is butted with a heat medium inlet distribution box 10, the upper end is fixedly connected with a flange A17, the inlet end of the heat exchange tube A11 is communicated with the heat medium inlet distribution box 10, the outlet end of the heat exchange tube A11 is communicated with the heat medium A distribution chamber 4, the left side and the right side of a partition plate A19 are fixedly.

The evaporator 2 is a shell-and-tube evaporator, the shell of the evaporator is composed of a water space shell 21 and a steam space shell 25, a saturated steam outlet pipe 28 is arranged above the top of the steam space shell 25 of the evaporator 2 and communicated with the inside of the steam space shell 25, a cyclone separator 26 and a corrugated plate separator 27 are arranged in the steam space shell 25 of the evaporator 2 for steam-water separation, the cyclone separators 26 are arranged below the corrugated plate separator 27, and steam enters the corrugated plate separator 27 for secondary separation after being subjected to primary separation by the cyclone separators 26 so as to ensure the quality of the steam; a saturated water inlet pipe 29 is arranged outside the upper end of the water space shell 21, a sewage outlet pipe 212 is arranged outside the lower end of the water space shell 21, and the saturated water inlet pipe and the sewage outlet pipe are communicated with the inside of the water space shell 21; the U-shaped evaporating pipe 23 is vertically inverted in the water space shell 21, the U-shaped evaporating pipe 23 comprises an inlet straight pipe 231, a U-shaped pipe 232 and an outlet straight pipe 233 which are connected in sequence, the inlet straight pipe 231 and the outlet straight pipe 233 of the U-shaped evaporating pipe 23 respectively penetrate through the holes of the concave guide plates 22 and the pipe plate 211 and then are fixedly connected with the U-shaped evaporating pipe, the U-shaped evaporating pipe 23 forms an evaporating pipe bundle by adopting a plurality of parallel arrangements, and the concave guide plates 22 are alternately arranged on the inlet straight pipe 231 and the outlet straight pipe 233 at intervals. A plurality of uniformly distributed fixing support frames 210 are arranged at the upper part outside the water space shell 21, and the fixing support frames 210 are connected with external support rod bolts to play a role in supporting the whole steam generator.

The preheater 3 consists of a heat medium outlet collecting box 30, a heat exchange pipe B31, a lower tube plate B32, a shell B33, a baffle plate B35, a flange B37, an upper tube plate B38 and a partition plate B39, wherein the shell B33 also adopts a semi-cylindrical shell, the shell B33 and the shell A13 have the same radius and height, and the two are welded into a cylindrical shell; an upper tube plate B38, a baffle plate B35 and a lower tube plate B32 are sequentially distributed at the upper part, the middle part and the lower part in a shell B33 according to the flow path and are fixedly connected with the shell B33, the upper end of the shell B33 is butted with a heating medium B distribution chamber 5, the lower end of the shell B33 is butted with a heating medium outlet collection tank 30, a heat exchange tube B31 sequentially penetrates through holes in the lower tube plate B32, the baffle plate B35 and the upper tube plate B38 and is then fixedly connected, the inlet end of the heat exchange tube B31 is communicated with the heating medium B distribution chamber 5, and the outlet end of the heat exchange tube B31 is communicated with the heating medium outlet.

The shell A13 of the superheater 1 and the shell B33 of the preheater 3 are welded into a whole by a welding mode and are connected with the flange 213 of the evaporator 2 in a sealing mode through a flange A17 and a flange B37; the saturated steam outlet pipe 28 on the evaporator 2 is communicated with the saturated steam inlet pipe 16 on the superheater 1 through a pipeline; the saturated water inlet pipe 29 on the evaporator 2 is communicated with the water outlet pipe 36 on the preheater 3 through a pipeline.

The shell A13 and the shell B33 are both semi-cylindrical structures and are fixedly connected together through combination to form a cylindrical shell, a partition plate A19 and a partition plate B39 are arranged between the superheater 1 and the preheater 3, and an air gap is reserved between the partition plate A19 and the partition plate B39; the upper end of the partition plate A19 is hermetically connected with the tube plate 211 of the evaporator 2, the lower end is fixedly connected with the heat medium inlet distribution box 10, the upper end of the partition plate B39 is hermetically connected with the tube plate 211 of the evaporator 2, and the lower end is fixedly connected with the heat medium outlet collection box 30; the lower end of the cylindrical shell is fixedly connected with the heating medium inlet distribution box 10 and the heating medium outlet collection box 30 respectively, the outer part of the upper end of the cylindrical shell is fixedly connected with a flange A17 and a flange B37, and the flange A17 and the flange B37 are fixedly connected into an integral flange.

The U-shaped evaporation tube 23 is composed of a plurality of heat exchange tubes, and the heat exchange tubes are one or more of light tubes, threaded tubes, heat exchange tubes with inner fins, heat exchange tubes with internal turbulence elements and the like.

The upper tube plate A18 is movable in a fixed position with the shell A13, and the upper tube plate B38 is movable in a fixed position with the shell B33 to adjust the heat exchange areas of the superheater 1 and the preheater 3.

The heat medium in this embodiment may be a liquid such as a molten salt or a heat transfer oil, or may be a gas such as high-temperature air.

The operating principle of the steam generator with the preheater 3 and the superheater 1 of the invention is as follows:

A heat medium heat exchange process: high-temperature heat medium in industrial production or in a heat accumulator is connected to a heat medium inlet distribution box 10 of a superheater 1 through a pipeline, the high-temperature heat medium is shunted by a lower tube plate A12 and enters a heat exchange tube A11 to perform heat convection with superheated steam outside the superheater 1, the cooled heat medium enters a heat medium A distribution chamber 4 above the superheater 1 through an upper tube plate A18 and then enters a U-shaped evaporation tube 23 after being shunted to perform heat evaporation and heat exchange with a steam-water mixture outside the superheater, the heat is cooled and then enters a heat medium B distribution chamber 5 and then enters a heat exchange tube B31 inside the preheater 3 to perform heat convection with supercooled water outside the superheater, the temperature of the heat medium is continuously reduced, and finally the heat medium flows into a heat medium outlet collection box 30 from an outlet end of the heat exchange tube B31 and then flows out from.

Heating, evaporating and superheating process of water: high-pressure feed water from an external feed water pump is sent to the preheater 3 through a feed water pipe, the feed water enters a shell 33 of the preheater 3 from a water inlet pipe 34, the feed water is subjected to multiple baffling by a baffle plate B35 and is subjected to heat medium full heat exchange in a heat exchange pipe B31, the temperature of the feed water is gradually increased to become saturated water, the saturated water is connected with a water outlet pipe 36 through a pipeline, then flows into the inner wall of a water space shell 21 of the evaporator 2 from a saturated water inlet pipe 29 through an annular water distribution pipe 24 and enters the bottommost part of the evaporator 2, after the saturated water in the middle is subjected to heat medium full heat exchange in a U-shaped evaporation pipe 23, the saturated water starts boiling and vaporization on the surface of the evaporation pipe, a steam-water mixture carrying water by steam rises to a steam-water interface from the center and the outer side of the pipe bundle under the action of buoyancy of a concave guide plate 22 to perform steam-water separation, and, the separated steam is subjected to two-stage separation by a cyclone separator 26 and a corrugated plate separator 27, discharged from a saturated steam outlet pipe 28, connected through a steam pipeline and then discharged from a saturated steam inlet pipe16 enter the superheater 1, the saturated steam exchanges heat with high-temperature heating medium in a heat exchange pipe A11 of the superheater 1 to be heated into superheated steam, the superheated steam is discharged from a superheated steam outlet pipe 14 after reaching the required temperature, and then the superheated steam is sent to a turbo generator set or other high-temperature steam energy utilization equipment through a pipeline. The whole water vapor heating process is divided into a heating section, an evaporation section and a superheating section, the temperature of the heating medium is greatly reduced after the heating medium sequentially passes through the superheater 1, the evaporator 2 and the preheater 3, the temperature difference between the inlet and the outlet of the heating medium is increased, the energy resource in the high-temperature heat storage medium is efficiently extracted, and the whole heat storage and heat release system is improvedEfficiency and energy utilization.

In light of the foregoing description of preferred embodiments in accordance with the invention, it is to be understood that numerous changes and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the contents of the specification, and must be determined according to the scope of the claims.