阅读说明：本技术 并联电池组的防热失控系统 (Thermal runaway prevention system for parallel battery packs ) 是由 徐强 闵立清 杨晓云 于 2019-09-16 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种并联电池组的防热失控系统,其中,并联电池组包括N个电池芯和M个备用电池芯,防热失控系统包括高导热层、低导热材料、热管、温度传感器、可控开关和控制器,每个高导热层包裹对应的电池芯或备用电池芯；低导热材料包裹每个高导热层,并填充每两个高导热层间的间隔；每个热管的一端插入低导热材料并与对应的高导热层相接、另一端位于低导热材料之外；每个温度传感器与对应的高导热层相接,以检测对应的高导热层内电池芯或备用电池芯的温度；每个电池芯和每个备用电池芯均与对应的可控开关串联构成串联支路,每个串联支路相并联；控制器用于根据每个电池芯和每个备用电池芯的温度对每个可控开关的开闭状态进行控制。(The invention discloses a thermal runaway prevention system for parallel battery packs, wherein each parallel battery pack comprises N battery cores and M standby battery cores, the thermal runaway prevention system comprises high heat conduction layers, low heat conduction materials, heat pipes, temperature sensors, controllable switches and controllers, and each high heat conduction layer wraps a corresponding battery core or standby battery core; the low heat conduction material wraps each high heat conduction layer and fills the interval between every two high heat conduction layers; one end of each heat pipe is inserted into the low heat conduction material and connected with the corresponding high heat conduction layer, and the other end of each heat pipe is positioned outside the low heat conduction material; each temperature sensor is connected with the corresponding high heat conduction layer so as to detect the temperature of the battery core or the standby battery core in the corresponding high heat conduction layer; each battery core and each standby battery core are connected with the corresponding controllable switch in series to form a series branch, and each series branch is connected in parallel; the controller is used for controlling the opening and closing state of each controllable switch according to the temperature of each battery cell and each standby battery cell.)

1. The utility model provides a thermal runaway prevention system of parallelly connected group battery, its characterized in that, parallelly connected group battery includes N battery core and M spare battery core, and wherein, N and M are positive integer, thermal runaway prevention system includes:

the high heat conduction layer is arranged corresponding to each battery cell and each standby battery cell, and each high heat conduction layer wraps the corresponding battery cell or standby battery cell;

The low heat conduction material wraps each high heat conduction layer and fills the interval between every two high heat conduction layers;

The heat pipes are arranged corresponding to the high heat conduction layers, one end of each heat pipe is inserted into the low heat conduction material and connected with the corresponding high heat conduction layer, and the other end of each heat pipe is positioned outside the low heat conduction material;

the temperature sensor is arranged corresponding to each high heat conduction layer, wherein each temperature sensor is connected with the corresponding high heat conduction layer so as to detect the temperature of the battery core or the standby battery core in the corresponding high heat conduction layer;

The controllable switches are arranged corresponding to the battery cores and the standby battery cores, wherein each battery core and each standby battery core are connected with the corresponding controllable switch in series to form a series branch, and each series branch is connected in parallel;

And the controller is respectively connected with each temperature sensor and each controllable switch, and is used for controlling the on-off state of each controllable switch according to the temperature of each battery cell and each standby battery cell.

2. The thermal runaway prevention system for parallel batteries according to claim 1, wherein the high thermal conductivity layer is a graphene film.

3. The thermal runaway prevention system for parallel battery packs according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the low thermal conductivity material is an aerogel thermal insulation material.

4. The thermal runaway prevention system for the parallel battery packs as claimed in claim 1, wherein the controllable switches corresponding to the battery cells are normally closed, the controllable switches corresponding to the standby battery cells are normally open, and the controller controls the controllable switches corresponding to any one or more battery cells to be opened and controls the controllable switches corresponding to a corresponding number of the standby battery cells to be closed when the temperature of the one or more battery cells is greater than a temperature threshold.

Technical Field

the invention relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a thermal runaway prevention system for parallel battery packs.

background

with the popularization and use of electric vehicles, safety accidents caused by thermal runaway of battery packs have received wide attention of people. There are many causes for thermal runaway of the battery pack, such as compression or puncture of the battery pack, deterioration of the battery cell, excessive charge and discharge, and local overheating, etc. Once the battery pack is in thermal runaway, macroscopically, the battery pack can be observed that the local temperature abnormality occurs, due to the fact that the internal resistance of the abnormal battery cell becomes large, a large amount of heat can be released during further charging and discharging, if the heat cannot be effectively controlled, when the heat is continuously accumulated, other battery cells around the abnormal battery cell can also be in thermal runaway due to temperature rise, and therefore the heat can be continuously transmitted in the battery pack, the thermal runaway occurs in the whole battery pack, and the fire or the explosion is caused.

Disclosure of Invention

the present invention is directed to solving, at least to some extent, one of the technical problems in the art described above. Therefore, the invention aims to provide a thermal runaway prevention system for parallel battery packs, which can effectively avoid thermal runaway of the parallel battery packs and guarantee normal operation of the parallel battery packs.

In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides a thermal runaway prevention system for a parallel battery pack, where the parallel battery pack includes N battery cells and M backup battery cells, where N and M are positive integers, and the thermal runaway prevention system includes: the high heat conduction layer is arranged corresponding to each battery cell and each standby battery cell, and each high heat conduction layer wraps the corresponding battery cell or standby battery cell; the low heat conduction material wraps each high heat conduction layer and fills the interval between every two high heat conduction layers; the heat pipes are arranged corresponding to the high heat conduction layers, one end of each heat pipe is inserted into the low heat conduction material and connected with the corresponding high heat conduction layer, and the other end of each heat pipe is positioned outside the low heat conduction material; the temperature sensor is arranged corresponding to each high heat conduction layer, wherein each temperature sensor is connected with the corresponding high heat conduction layer so as to detect the temperature of the battery core or the standby battery core in the corresponding high heat conduction layer; the controllable switches are arranged corresponding to the battery cores and the standby battery cores, wherein each battery core and each standby battery core are connected with the corresponding controllable switch in series to form a series branch, and each series branch is connected in parallel; and the controller is respectively connected with each temperature sensor and each controllable switch, and is used for controlling the on-off state of each controllable switch according to the temperature of each battery cell and each standby battery cell.

according to the thermal runaway prevention system of the parallel battery pack, the low-heat-conduction material is adopted to block and inhibit the heat from spreading among the battery core monomers, the high-heat-conduction layer and the heat pipe are combined to effectively dissipate the heat of the battery core monomers, the temperature of each battery core monomer is monitored in real time through the temperature sensor, an overheated battery core is discovered in time, and then the controller is used for controlling the on-off of the corresponding controllable switch, so that the effects of timely cutting off the working circuit of the overheated battery core and accessing the standby battery core are achieved, and therefore, the normal operation of the parallel battery pack can be guaranteed while the thermal runaway of the parallel battery pack is effectively avoided.

In addition, the thermal runaway prevention system for the parallel battery packs according to the above embodiment of the invention may further have the following additional technical features:

Further, the high heat conduction layer is a graphene film.

Further, the low-heat-conduction material is an aerogel thermal insulation material.

Furthermore, the controllable switches corresponding to the battery cores are normally closed, the controllable switches corresponding to the standby battery cores are normally open, and the controller controls the controllable switches corresponding to one or more battery cores to be opened and controls the controllable switches corresponding to the corresponding number of standby battery cores to be closed when the temperature of any one or more battery cores is greater than a temperature threshold value.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a first part of a thermal runaway prevention system for parallel battery packs according to an embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a second part of the thermal runaway prevention system for parallel battery packs according to an embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a third part of the thermal runaway prevention system for parallel battery packs according to an embodiment of the invention.

reference numerals:

10-high thermal conductivity layer; 20-low thermal conductivity material; 30-a heat pipe; 40-a temperature sensor; 50-a controllable switch; and 60, a controller.

Detailed Description

the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The parallel battery pack is formed by connecting a plurality of battery core monomers in parallel. As shown in fig. 1, a parallel battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention may include N battery cells and M spare battery cells, where N and M are positive integers (in fig. 1, M ═ 1 is taken as an example).

As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the thermal runaway prevention system for parallel battery packs according to the embodiment of the present invention includes: a high thermal conductive layer 10 provided for each battery cell and each backup battery cell, a low thermal conductive material 20, a heat pipe 30 provided for each high thermal conductive layer 10, a temperature sensor 40 provided for each high thermal conductive layer 10, a controllable switch 50 provided for each battery cell and each backup battery cell, and a controller 60. Each high heat conduction layer 10 wraps a corresponding battery cell or a standby battery cell; the low heat conduction material 20 wraps each high heat conduction layer 10 and fills the interval between every two high heat conduction layers 10; one end of each heat pipe 30 is inserted into the low thermal conductive material 20 and connected to the corresponding high thermal conductive layer 10, and the other end is located outside the low thermal conductive material 20; each temperature sensor 40 is connected with the corresponding high heat conduction layer 10 to detect the temperature of the battery cell or the standby battery cell in the corresponding high heat conduction layer 10; each battery core and each standby battery core are connected with the corresponding controllable switch 50 in series to form a series branch, each series branch is connected in parallel, two ends of each series branch are respectively connected to corresponding circuit ports, and the two circuit ports are respectively used as positive and negative electrode ports of the parallel battery pack and are used for being connected to electric equipment; a controller 60 is connected to each temperature sensor 40 and each controllable switch 50, respectively, and the controller 60 is configured to control the open/close state of each controllable switch 50 according to the temperature of each battery cell and each battery cell backup.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the high thermal conductive layer 10 may be a graphene film, and the low thermal conductive material 20 may be an aerogel thermal insulation material. The graphene film used in the embodiment of the invention is a high-orientation heat-conducting film formed by stacking multiple layers of graphene, the heat-conducting coefficient is high, the mechanical property is good, and the effective heat dissipation of a battery core monomer (including a battery core and a standby battery core) can be realized by combining the high-heat-conducting graphene film with a heat pipe. Compared with the common thermal insulation material, the aerogel thermal insulation material used in the embodiment of the invention has lower thermal conductivity coefficient, can effectively play a role in thermal insulation, and can block and inhibit the transmission of heat among the battery core monomers when any one or more battery core monomers are overheated.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the temperature sensor 40 may be directly connected to the high thermal conductive layer 10, and since the high thermal conductive layer 10 has high thermal conductivity, the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 40 can be regarded as the temperature of the battery cell, and the detection is rapid, which can improve the real-time performance of the subsequent control of the controllable switch.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the controllable switch 50 corresponding to the battery cell is normally closed, and the controllable switch 50 corresponding to the backup battery cell is normally open. When the temperature of any one or more battery cells is greater than the temperature threshold, the controller 60 may control the controllable switches corresponding to the one or more battery cells to be turned off, and control the controllable switches corresponding to a corresponding number of spare battery cells to be turned on. That is, when any one or more battery cells are overheated, a corresponding number of spare battery cells may be activated to operate in place of the overheated battery cells. Therefore, the normal operation of the parallel battery pack can be guaranteed while the thermal runaway of the parallel battery pack is effectively avoided.

The number M of the spare battery cells according to the embodiment of the present invention may be set according to the number of battery cells that may overheat when the parallel battery pack is operated, and it should be understood that the higher the mass of the battery cells, the less easily overheat occurs, and therefore, when the mass of the battery cells is high, M may be set to 1, and when the mass of the battery cells is general, M may be appropriately increased.

It should be understood that overheating may also occur in a backup battery cell that operates in place of an overheated battery cell. When M is not 1, that is, there are multiple backup battery cells, if the temperature of any one or more backup battery cells operating in place of the overheated battery cell is greater than the temperature threshold, the controller 60 may control the controllable switches corresponding to the one or more overheated backup battery cells to be opened, and control the controllable switches corresponding to the corresponding number of inactive backup battery cells to be closed.

According to the thermal runaway prevention system of the parallel battery pack, the low-heat-conduction material is adopted to block and inhibit the heat from spreading among the battery core monomers, the high-heat-conduction layer and the heat pipe are combined to realize the effective heat dissipation of the battery core monomers, the temperature of each battery core monomer is monitored in real time through the temperature sensor, an overheated battery core is discovered in time, and then the controller is used for controlling the on-off of the corresponding controllable switch, so that the effects of timely cutting off the working circuit of the overheated battery core and connecting the overheated battery core into the standby battery core are achieved, and therefore, the normal operation of the parallel battery pack can be guaranteed while the thermal runaway of the parallel battery pack is effectively avoided.

In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.