阅读说明：本技术 一种花生捡拾联合收获机无尘摘果清选装置 (Dust-free peanut picking and cleaning device of peanut picking and combining harvester ) 是由 李秀杰 刘道奇 刘龙 孙千涛 钱凯 崔小伟 胡吉邦 孙洪祥 于 2019-11-01 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种花生捡拾联合收获机无尘摘果清选装置,包括机架上设置的果秧分离机构,果秧分离机构的下方设有排果机构,所述果秧分离机构包括固定在机架上横置桶状结构的摘果桶,所述摘果桶底部开有排果口并封堵覆盖有环形筛网,所述摘果桶的一侧上方设有上料口；本发明所提供的一种花生捡拾联合收获机无尘摘果清选装置,操作简单,不仅可以直接对外挖掘出的花生进行摘果作业,还可以防止发生在摘果过程中产生扬尘问题,而且装置设有晃动除土单元和剥土筛土单元,可以果秧分离后的花生进行初步除杂,并且还可以对花生果表面的泥土进行清理,防止在花生果在晾晒时产生花生果表面的泥土干化后产生扬尘。(The invention discloses a dust-free fruit picking and cleaning device of a peanut picking and combined harvester, which comprises a fruit seedling separating mechanism arranged on a rack, wherein a fruit discharging mechanism is arranged below the fruit seedling separating mechanism, the fruit seedling separating mechanism comprises a fruit picking barrel which is fixed on the rack and is in a transverse barrel-shaped structure, a fruit discharging opening is formed in the bottom of the fruit picking barrel, an annular screen is covered on the fruit picking barrel in a sealing manner, and a feeding opening is formed above one side of the fruit picking barrel; the dust-free peanut picking and cleaning device of the peanut picking and combining harvester is simple to operate, can be used for directly picking the externally excavated peanuts, and can also prevent the problem of dust raising in the peanut picking process, and the device is provided with the shaking soil removing unit and the soil stripping and screening unit, so that the peanuts separated from fruit seedlings can be subjected to primary impurity removal, soil on the surfaces of the peanuts can be cleaned, and the dust raising after the soil on the surfaces of the peanuts is dried can be prevented when the peanuts are aired.)

1. A dust-free picking and cleaning device of a peanut picking combined harvester comprises a peanut seedling separating mechanism arranged on a rack, and a fruit discharging mechanism is arranged below the peanut seedling separating mechanism, and is characterized in that the peanut seedling separating mechanism comprises a picking barrel which is fixed on the rack and has a transverse barrel-shaped structure, a fruit discharging opening is formed in the bottom of the picking barrel, an annular screen is covered by a sealing cover, a feeding opening is formed above one side of the picking barrel, a seedling discharging opening is formed in the bottom of the end face of the other side of the picking barrel, a V-shaped gathering chamber with upper and lower ends being openings is arranged below the picking barrel, the upper opening of the gathering chamber is hermetically connected with the fruit discharging opening, a transverse rotating shaft is arranged in the picking barrel, two ends of the rotating shaft are respectively and rotatably fixed in the middle parts of left and right inner walls in the picking barrel, an inner picking roller is fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft, and a guide spiral plate is spirally arranged on the side wall of the inner picking roller in the axial, fruit picking teeth radially protruding out of the guide spiral plate are arranged on the guide spiral plates at intervals, and a working gap is formed between the top ends of the fruit picking teeth and the inner annular wall of the fruit picking barrel; the fruit removing mechanism comprises a shaking soil removing unit and a soil stripping and screening unit, the shaking soil removing unit comprises a shaking soil removing shell with an open upper end, the upper end of the shaking soil removing shell is sleeved with the gathering chamber, the upper end of the shaking soil removing shell is hinged and fixed at the lower end of the gathering chamber through parallel suspender components, hinged seats are symmetrically arranged on two side walls of the shaking soil removing shell, each hinged seat is in transmission connection with the output end of an eccentric driving mechanism through a push-pull rod respectively, the eccentric driving mechanism can enable the shaking soil removing shell to shake in a reciprocating mode, a first guide plate with a downward inclined left end is fixed at the upper portion in each of the two side walls of the shaking soil removing shell, a trash discharging port is arranged at the left end of the shaking soil removing shell, the extending direction of the first guide plate corresponds to the trash discharging port, and a second guide plate with a downward inclined right end is fixed at the; the right end of the cleaning mechanism shell is provided with a fruit outlet, and the tail end of the material guide plate II is communicated with the fruit outlet; the second guide plate is provided with a plurality of rows of sieve hole groups from left to right, each row of sieve hole group comprises a plurality of strip-shaped sieve holes parallel to each other, the soil stripping and screening unit comprises an installation shaft arranged below each row of sieve hole group, a plurality of disc sawteeth are sequentially fixed on the installation shaft, each disc sawteeth respectively penetrate through the corresponding sieve holes, and the upper parts of the disc sawteeth are positioned on the two upper sides of the guide plate.

2. The dust-free peanut picking and cleaning device of the peanut picking and combining harvester as claimed in claim 1, wherein fixing rods with right ends inclined downwards and fixed on the machine frame are transversely arranged below the front and rear ends of the mounting shaft of the soil stripping and screening unit, and the two ends of the mounting shaft are fixed on the corresponding fixing rods through bearing seats.

3. The dust-free peanut picking and cleaning device of the peanut picking and combining harvester as claimed in claim 2, wherein one end of the mounting shaft of the soil stripping and screening unit extends out of a bearing sleeve and is sleeved with a chain wheel, and the chain wheels are in transmission connection with a motor a through a transmission chain.

4. The dust-free peanut picking and cleaning device of the peanut picking and combining harvester as claimed in claim 1, wherein the length dimension of the strip-shaped sieve holes on the second guide plate of the shaking soil removing unit is a, the diameter dimension of the disc saw teeth of the soil stripping and screening unit is b, wherein a is larger than b; the width size of the strip-shaped sieve holes on the second material guide plate is c, the thickness size of the disc sawteeth is d, and c is larger than d.

5. The dust-free peanut picking and cleaning device of the peanut picking and combining harvester as claimed in claim 1, wherein the parallel boom assembly comprises two fixing rods respectively arranged at the middle parts of the front and rear side walls of the gathering chamber and the middle parts of the front and rear side walls of the shaking soil-removing shell at intervals, the booms are radially fixed on the fixing rods on the gathering chamber through bearings, and the other ends of the booms are fixed on the fixing rods corresponding to the shaking soil-removing shell through bearings.

6. A dust-free peanut picking and cleaning device of a peanut picking and combining harvester as claimed in claim 1, wherein the eccentric driving mechanism comprises a power shaft, both ends of the power shaft are horizontally fixed on the left end surface of the frame through bearing seats, two eccentric bearings are mounted on the power shaft in a spaced and sleeved mode, a push-pull rod is fixedly sleeved on each of the two eccentric bearings, the other end of each push-pull rod is respectively fixed on a hinged seat corresponding to the shaking soil removing shell, and one end of the power shaft extends out of the bearing seats and is in transmission connection with the motor b through a transmission chain.

7. A dust-free peanut picking and cleaning device of a peanut picking and combining harvester as claimed in claim 1, wherein the end of the inner picking roller corresponding to the feeding hopper in the peanut picking barrel is provided with an independent picking tooth.

8. The dust-free peanut picking and cleaning device of the peanut picking and combining harvester as claimed in claim 1, wherein a seedling discharging pipe is hermetically connected to a seedling discharging port of the peanut picking barrel, and a feeding hopper is hermetically connected to a feeding port of the peanut picking barrel.

9. The dust-free peanut picking and cleaning device of the peanut picking and combining harvester as claimed in claim 1, wherein the distance between two adjacent bar-shaped sieve holes on each row of sieve hole groups of the two guide plates is larger than the width of the peanuts.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to a dust-free peanut picking and cleaning device of a peanut picking and combined harvester.

Background

Peanuts are nuts which are abundant in yield and wide in eating in China, in a peanut harvesting season, peanut seedlings with peanut pods are excavated from the ground manually in a traditional peanut picking mode, then the peanut seedlings are paved in the ground or are aired in a centralized mode, the peanuts are picked manually after being aired to a certain degree, the peanuts can be directly picked without being aired, the workload of manual picking is large, picking can be completed quickly by a large amount of manpower, manpower resources are wasted, and a large amount of time is consumed if the person only needs to find a small amount of manpower.

The peanut picker is sold on the market at present, but the existing peanut picker can only pick peanuts after airing basically, and due to the reduction of moisture of the peanuts in the airing process, a large amount of dust can be generated when the peanuts after airing are picked, so that serious environmental pollution is caused, and peanut seedlings cannot be directly ensiled by using higher nutritive value of the peanut seedlings after airing, so that certain economic loss is caused, and soil on the surfaces of the peanuts cannot be cleaned.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects and problems of the existing peanut picker, the invention provides the dust-free peanut picking and cleaning device of the peanut picking combined harvester, which can directly pick up the externally excavated peanuts for picking, can solve the problem of dust emission in the process of picking, and can clean the soil on the surfaces of the peanuts.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a dust-free peanut picking and cleaning device of a peanut picking combined harvester comprises a peanut seedling separating mechanism arranged on a rack, a peanut discharging mechanism is arranged below the peanut seedling separating mechanism, the peanut seedling separating mechanism comprises a transverse barrel-shaped peanut picking barrel fixed on the rack, a peanut discharging opening is formed in the bottom of the peanut picking barrel, an annular screen is covered in a sealing mode, a feeding opening is formed above one side of the peanut picking barrel, a peanut seedling discharging opening is formed in the bottom of the end face of the other side of the peanut picking barrel, a V-shaped gathering chamber with upper and lower ends being respectively opened is arranged below the peanut picking barrel, the upper opening of the gathering chamber is connected with the peanut discharging opening in a sealing mode, a transverse rotating shaft is arranged in the peanut picking barrel, two ends of the rotating shaft are respectively and rotatably fixed in the middle of the left inner wall and the right inner wall in the peanut picking barrel, an inner picking roller is fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft, a guide spiral plate is spirally arranged on the side wall of the inner picking roller in the axial direction, and picking teeth protruding in the radial direction, a working gap is formed between the top end of the fruit picking teeth and the inner annular wall of the fruit picking barrel; the fruit removing mechanism comprises a shaking soil removing unit and a soil stripping and screening unit, the shaking soil removing unit comprises a shaking soil removing shell with an open upper end, the upper end of the shaking soil removing shell is sleeved with the gathering chamber, the upper end of the shaking soil removing shell is hinged and fixed at the lower end of the gathering chamber through parallel suspender components, hinged seats are symmetrically arranged on two side walls of the shaking soil removing shell, each hinged seat is in transmission connection with the output end of an eccentric driving mechanism through a push-pull rod respectively, the eccentric driving mechanism can enable the shaking soil removing shell to shake in a reciprocating mode, a first guide plate with a downward inclined left end is fixed at the upper portion in each of the two side walls of the shaking soil removing shell, a trash discharging port is arranged at the left end of the shaking soil removing shell, the extending direction of the first guide plate corresponds to the trash discharging port, and a second guide plate with a downward inclined right end is fixed at the; the right end of the cleaning mechanism shell is provided with a fruit outlet, and the tail end of the material guide plate II is communicated with the fruit outlet; the second guide plate is provided with a plurality of rows of sieve hole groups from left to right, each row of sieve hole group comprises a plurality of strip-shaped sieve holes parallel to each other, the soil stripping and screening unit comprises an installation shaft arranged below each row of sieve hole group, a plurality of disc sawteeth are sequentially fixed on the installation shaft, each disc sawteeth respectively penetrate through the corresponding sieve holes, and the upper parts of the disc sawteeth are positioned on the two upper sides of the guide plate.

Furthermore, the front and rear ends of the mounting shaft of the soil stripping and screening unit are transversely provided with fixing rods with right ends inclined downwards and fixed on the frame, and the two ends of the mounting shaft are fixed on the corresponding fixing rods through bearing seats.

Furthermore, one end of the mounting shaft of the soil stripping and screening unit extends out of the bearing sleeve and is sleeved with a chain wheel, and the chain wheel is in transmission connection with the motor a through a transmission chain.

Further, the length of a strip-shaped sieve pore on a material guide plate II of the shaking soil removing unit is a, the diameter of a disc sawtooth of the soil stripping and sieving unit is b, wherein a is larger than b; the width size of the strip-shaped sieve holes on the second material guide plate is c, the thickness size of the disc sawteeth is d, and c is larger than d.

Further, parallel jib subassembly is including gathering together room front and back both sides wall middle part and rocking and outwards being provided with two dead levers in the equal interval in both sides wall middle part around except that native shell, all radially being fixed with the jib through the bearing on the dead lever on gathering together the room, the other end of jib all is fixed on rocking the dead lever that except that native shell corresponds through the bearing.

Furthermore, the eccentric driving mechanism comprises a power shaft, two ends of the power shaft are horizontally fixed on the left end face of the rack through bearing seats, two eccentric bearings are sleeved on the power shaft at intervals, push-pull rods are sleeved and fixed on the two eccentric bearings, the other ends of the push-pull rods are respectively fixed on hinged seats corresponding to the shaking soil removal shells, and one end of the power shaft extends out of the bearing seats and is connected with the motor b through a transmission chain in a transmission mode.

Furthermore, an independent fruit picking tooth is arranged at one end of the fruit picking inner roller in the fruit picking barrel, which corresponds to the feeding hopper.

Furthermore, a seedling discharging pipe is connected to a seedling discharging opening of the fruit picking barrel in a sealing mode, and a feeding opening hopper is connected to a feeding opening of the fruit picking barrel in a sealing mode.

Furthermore, the distance between two adjacent strip-shaped sieve holes on each row of sieve hole group of the second material guide plate is larger than the width of the peanuts.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention provides a dust-free peanut picking and cleaning device of a peanut picking and combining harvester, which comprises a peanut seedling separating mechanism, wherein a peanut discharging mechanism is arranged below the peanut seedling separating mechanism, the peanut seedling separating mechanism can directly carry out seedling and fruit separating operation on peanut seedlings dug out of the ground, the separated peanut seedlings can be directly discharged from a device to ensile the peanut seedlings, the peanut discharging mechanism comprises a shaking soil removing unit and a soil stripping and soil screening unit, the upper end of the shaking soil removing unit is an open shaking soil removing shell, a first guide plate with a downward-inclined left end is fixed at the upper part in two side walls of the shaking soil removing shell, peanuts primarily removed with soil through the first guide plate slide onto a second guide plate, the soil on the surface of the peanuts is cleaned by the soil stripping and soil screening unit, and the peanuts cleaned on the surface can be discharged from a peanut outlet at the tail end of the second guide plate.

The dust-free peanut picking and cleaning device of the peanut picking and combining harvester is simple to operate, can be used for directly picking the externally excavated peanuts, and can also prevent the problem of dust raising in the peanut picking process, and the device is provided with the shaking soil removing unit and the soil stripping and screening unit, so that the peanuts separated from fruit seedlings can be subjected to primary impurity removal, soil on the surfaces of the peanuts can be cleaned, and the dust raising after the soil on the surfaces of the peanuts is dried can be prevented when the peanuts are aired.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the whole structure of the fruit-seedling separating mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the seedling separating mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the inner roller for picking fruits according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the shaking soil removing unit and the soil stripping and screening unit of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of the shaking soil removal unit of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a single structure of the soil stripping and screening unit of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a circular saw blade of the soil stripping and screening unit of the invention.

Reference numbers in the figures: the fruit and vegetable harvesting machine comprises a seedling discharging pipe 1, bearing seats a, 3, a trash discharging channel, 4, a rack, 5, an eccentric rocker, 6, a chain wheel a, 7, a shaking soil removing unit, 8, a soil stripping and screening unit, 9, a fruit discharging guide table, 10, a parallel suspender mechanism, 11, a fruit and vegetable separating mechanism, 12, a feeding hopper, 13, a rotating shaft, 14, a gathering chamber, 15, a fruit picking barrel, 16, picking teeth, 17, a guide spiral plate, 18, a web, 19, an installation shaft sleeve, 20, an annular screen, 21, an inner fruit picking roller, 22, a disc saw tooth, 23, an eccentric bearing, 24, a power shaft, 25, a push-pull rod, 26, a chain wheel b, 27, an installation shaft, 28, a fixed rod, 29, a suspender, 30, a bearing seat b, 31, a first guide plate, 32, a shaking soil removing shell, 33, a suspender installation shaft, 34, a strip-shaped sieve mesh, 35, a second guide plate, 36, and 37, wherein the guide plate is a.

Detailed Description

The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.