阅读说明：本技术 一种白芨病害防治剂及其制备方法 (Bletilla striata disease control agent and preparation method thereof ) 是由 苗云峰 于 2019-09-25 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于白芨种植技术领域,尤其是一种白芨病害防治剂及其制备方法。所述病虫害防治剂,按重量份计,由以下原料制成：8-10份菌根菌发酵物、3-4份石蝉草、1-2份绶草、8-10份补骨脂、4-5份柳树叶、15-20份黄芩、6-8份鱼腥草、4-5份大黄、15-20份大蒜、4-5份紫苏、8-10份龙葵、3-4份乌毛蕨、3-4份射干、4-6份蒲公英、6-8份辛夷、15-20份丁香、5-6份蒲甘聚糖、1-2份黄原胶、2-3份大豆磷脂、0.5-1份豆甾醇。本发明提供的防治剂与白芨植株之间有良好的亲和力,白芨吸收效果好,且稳定性强；对白芨块茎腐烂病、根腐烂病、叶褐斑病、叶斑灰霉病有较强的防治效果。(The invention belongs to the technical field of bletilla striata planting, and particularly relates to a bletilla striata disease control agent and a preparation method thereof. The pest control agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8-10 parts of mycorrhizal fungi fermentation product, 3-4 parts of dindyceps sinensis, 1-2 parts of spiranthes sinensis, 8-10 parts of fructus psoraleae, 4-5 parts of willow leaves, 15-20 parts of scutellaria baicalensis, 6-8 parts of houttuynia cordata, 4-5 parts of rheum officinale, 15-20 parts of garlic, 4-5 parts of purple perilla, 8-10 parts of black nightshade, 3-4 parts of lindera aggregata, 3-4 parts of blackberry lily, 4-6 parts of dandelion, 6-8 parts of magnolia flower, 15-20 parts of clove, 5-6 parts of typhan, 1-2 parts of xanthan gum, 2-3 parts of soybean phospholipid and 0.5-1 part of stigmasterol. The control agent provided by the invention has good affinity with bletilla striata plants, good absorption effect of bletilla striata and strong stability; has strong control effect on tuber rot disease, root rot disease, leaf brown spot and leaf spot gray mold of the bletilla striata.)

1. The bletilla striata disease control agent is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8-10 parts of mycorrhizal fungi fermentation product, 3-4 parts of dindyceps sinensis, 1-2 parts of spiranthes sinensis, 8-10 parts of fructus psoraleae, 4-5 parts of willow leaves, 15-20 parts of scutellaria baicalensis, 6-8 parts of houttuynia cordata, 4-5 parts of rheum officinale, 15-20 parts of garlic, 4-5 parts of purple perilla, 8-10 parts of black nightshade, 3-4 parts of lindera aggregata, 3-4 parts of blackberry lily, 4-6 parts of dandelion, 6-8 parts of magnolia flower, 15-20 parts of clove, 5-6 parts of typhan, 1-2 parts of xanthan gum, 2-3 parts of soybean phospholipid and 0.5-1 part of stigmasterol.

2. The agent for controlling bletilla striata disease according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the mycorrhizal fungi fermentation product comprises: inoculating mycorrhizal fungi on PDA culture medium, and culturing at 25-30 deg.C until the mycelium overgrows the culture medium to obtain the fermented product.

3. The bletilla striata disease control agent according to claim 2, wherein said mycorrhizal fungi are fusarium and cercospora species isolated from bletilla striata leaves; the inoculation amount of fusarium is 6% of the mass of the PDA culture medium, and the inoculation amount of ceriporiopsis is 10% of the mass of the PDA culture medium.

4. The agent for controlling bletilla striata disease according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the PDA culture medium is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2-2.5 parts of potato, 0.15-0.2 part of agar, 0.08-0.1 part of yeast extract, 0.2-0.3 part of cane sugar, 0.01-0.02 part of monopotassium phosphate and 8-10 parts of water.

5. The preparation method of the bletilla striata disease control agent according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the steps of:

(1) mixing and crushing Chinese artichoke, spiranthes sinensis, fructus psoraleae, willow leaves, scutellaria baicalensis, houttuynia cordata, rheum officinale, black nightshade, drynaria rhizome, and dandelion, adding 0.1-0.2 mass% of compound enzyme, uniformly mixing, and treating at 25 ℃ for 4-5h to obtain a mixture A;

(2) adding 15 times of water into the mixture A, decocting for 5h, and filtering to obtain an extracting solution A and filter residue A; adding 10 times of 80% ethanol into the residue A, reflux-extracting at 70 deg.C for 40min, filtering, and recovering ethanol from the filtrate to obtain extract B; uniformly mixing the extracting solution A and the extracting solution B to obtain a traditional Chinese medicine mixed extracting solution 1;

(3) mixing and pulverizing Bulbus Allii, Perillae herba, flos Magnoliae and flos Caryophylli, adding 8 times of 80% ethanol, microwave extracting at 40-45 deg.C for 3-4min, and filtering to obtain Chinese medicinal mixed extractive solution 2;

(4) mixing the traditional Chinese medicine mixed extracting solution 1 and the traditional Chinese medicine mixed extracting solution 2 with the mycorrhizal fungi fermentation product, the pyganan, the crude rubber, the soybean lecithin and the stigmasterol to obtain a mixture B; adding the mixture B and water with the mass 1000 times of that of the mixture B into a high-speed stirrer, and stirring at the rotating speed of 1500-2000r/min for 10-15min to obtain the control agent.

6. The preparation method of the bletilla striata disease control agent according to claim 5, wherein the complex enzyme is prepared from cellulase and pectinase according to the ratio of 2-3: 1, and mixing the components in a mass ratio.

7. The preparation method of the bletilla striata disease control agent as claimed in claim 5, wherein the microwave extraction power is 500-550W.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of bletilla striata planting, and particularly relates to a bletilla striata disease control agent and a preparation method thereof.

Background

Bletilla striata, also known as desmodium, gangen, radix cynanchi atrati, indocalamus, vermilion, violet, etc., belongs to the perennial herb bulbous plant of bletilla striata. Bletilla striata, growing in evergreen broad-leaved forest with elevation of 100-; mainly distributed in Shaanxi, Jiangsu, Guizhou, Guangxi, Sichuan, Zhejiang, Shanxi, Yunnan and other places. Bletilla striata is a rare Chinese herbal medicine with high medicinal value, tuber is used as a medicine, contains bletilla striata polysaccharide, bibenzyl, dihydrophenanthrene and phenanthrene compounds, has the effects of tonifying lung, reducing swelling, promoting granulation and stopping bleeding as recorded in Shennong Ben Cao Jing, and is used for treating tuberculosis hemoptysis, bronchiectasis hemoptysis, gastric ulcer hematemesis, hematuria, hematochezia, carbuncle swelling, pyocutaneous disease, chapped skin, water and fire scald and other symptoms.

The diseases in bletilla striata planting mainly comprise tuber rot, root rot, leaf brown spot and leaf spot gray mold. At present, the diseases are mainly prevented and controlled by chemical pesticides such as carbendazim wettable powder, chlorothalonil wettable powder, carbendazim, thiophanate methyl wettable powder and the like. The chemical pesticides have long service life, cause drug resistance of diseases, have more organophosphorus and organosulfur pesticides remained in the environment, cause environmental pollution, have poor prevention and treatment effect of medicaments, and reduce the yield of bletilla striata.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides a bletilla striata disease control agent and a preparation method thereof, and the bletilla striata disease control agent is specifically realized by the following technical scheme:

a bletilla striata disease control agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8-10 parts of mycorrhizal fungi fermentation product, 3-4 parts of dindyceps sinensis, 1-2 parts of spiranthes sinensis, 8-10 parts of fructus psoraleae, 4-5 parts of willow leaves, 15-20 parts of scutellaria baicalensis, 6-8 parts of houttuynia cordata, 4-5 parts of rheum officinale, 15-20 parts of garlic, 4-5 parts of purple perilla, 8-10 parts of black nightshade, 3-4 parts of lindera aggregata, 3-4 parts of blackberry lily, 4-6 parts of dandelion, 6-8 parts of magnolia flower, 15-20 parts of clove, 5-6 parts of typhan, 1-2 parts of xanthan gum, 2-3 parts of soybean phospholipid and 0.5-1 part of stigmasterol.

Preferably, the preparation method of the mycorrhizal fungi fermentation product comprises the following steps: inoculating mycorrhizal fungi on PDA culture medium, and culturing at 25-30 deg.C until the mycelium overgrows the culture medium to obtain the fermented product.

Preferably, the mycorrhizal fungi are fusarium and cercospora isolated from bletilla striata leaves; the inoculation amount of fusarium is 6% of the mass of the PDA culture medium, and the inoculation amount of ceriporiopsis is 10% of the mass of the PDA culture medium.

Preferably, the PDA culture medium is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2-2.5 parts of potato, 0.15-0.2 part of agar, 0.08-0.1 part of yeast extract, 0.2-0.3 part of cane sugar, 0.01-0.02 part of monopotassium phosphate and 8-10 parts of water.

Preferably, the preparation method of the bletilla striata disease control agent comprises the following steps:

(1) mixing and crushing Chinese artichoke, spiranthes sinensis, fructus psoraleae, willow leaves, scutellaria baicalensis, houttuynia cordata, rheum officinale, black nightshade, drynaria rhizome, and dandelion, adding 0.1-0.2 mass% of compound enzyme, uniformly mixing, and treating at 25 ℃ for 4-5h to obtain a mixture A;

(2) adding 15 times of water into the mixture A, decocting for 5h, and filtering to obtain an extracting solution A and filter residue A; adding 10 times of 80% ethanol into the residue A, reflux-extracting at 70 deg.C for 40min, filtering, and recovering ethanol from the filtrate to obtain extract B; uniformly mixing the extracting solution A and the extracting solution B to obtain a traditional Chinese medicine mixed extracting solution 1;

(3) mixing and pulverizing Bulbus Allii, Perillae herba, flos Magnoliae and flos Caryophylli, adding 8 times of 80% ethanol, microwave extracting at 40-45 deg.C for 3-4min, and filtering to obtain Chinese medicinal mixed extractive solution 2;

(4) mixing the traditional Chinese medicine mixed extracting solution 1 and the traditional Chinese medicine mixed extracting solution 2 with the mycorrhizal fungi fermentation product, the pyganan, the crude rubber, the soybean lecithin and the stigmasterol to obtain a mixture B; adding the mixture B and water with the mass 1000 times of that of the mixture B into a high-speed stirrer, and stirring at the rotating speed of 1500-2000r/min for 10-15min to obtain the control agent.

Preferably, the compound enzyme is prepared by mixing cellulase and pectinase according to the ratio of 2-3: 1, and mixing the components in a mass ratio.

Preferably, the microwave extraction power is 500-550W.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the mycorrhizal fungi fermented product is prepared by fermenting mycorrhizal fungi separated from bletilla striata leaves, has good affinity for bletilla striata plants, and can promote the absorption of bletilla striata on effective components in the prevention and treatment agent when added into the prevention and treatment agent; the peperomia officinalis and the spiranthes sinensis are plants in orchidaceae, and can further enhance the affinity between the bletilla striata and the control agent. The combination of the malaytea scurfpea fruit, the willow leaf, the scutellaria baicalensis and the houttuynia cordata has stronger killing and inhibiting effects on pathogenic bacteria of the tuber rot of the bletilla striata and has good control effect on the tuber rot of the bletilla striata. The combination of the rhubarb, the garlic and the perilla has stronger killing and inhibiting effects on pathogenic bacteria of the bletilla root rot disease and has good control effect on the bletilla root rot disease. The combination of the black nightshade, the drynaria rhizome and the black nightshade has stronger killing and inhibiting effects on the pathogen of the leaf brown spot, and has good preventing and treating effects on the leaf brown spot of the white splendid achnatherum. The dandelion, the magnolia flower and the clove are combined for use, so that the traditional Chinese medicine composition has strong killing and inhibiting effects on pathogenic bacteria of the leaf spot gray mold, and has good control effect on the bletilla striata of the bletilla striata. The puleganan, xanthan gum, soybean phospholipid and stigmasterol improve the stability of the control agent and the adhesion capability of the control agent to the bletilla striata plants and enhance the drug effect of the control agent.

The control agent provided by the invention has good affinity with bletilla striata plants, good absorption effect of bletilla striata and strong stability; has strong control effect on tuber rot disease, root rot disease, leaf brown spot and leaf spot gray mold of the bletilla striata.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention is further defined below with reference to the specific embodiments, but the scope of the claims is not limited to the description.