阅读说明：本技术 一种圈养肉羊育肥后期饲料及其制备方法及应用 (Feed for fattening later period of captive mutton sheep and preparation method and application thereof ) 是由 王伟明 彭点懿 杨尚霖 刘烨 于红霞 于 2019-09-25 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及饲料产品技术领域,具体涉及圈养肉羊育肥后期饲料及其制备方法和应用。本发明的配合饲料包括苜蓿草粉20-28份,玉米20-30份,玉米酒精糟及其可溶物5-10份,小麦麸3-10份,发酵豆粕5-10份,花生秧粉20-35份,南瓜籽壳5-10份,沙葱粉0.4-1.0份,大豆油0.3-1.0份,石粉0.5-1.0份,磷酸氢钙0.5-1.0份,肉羊育肥期预混料2份。本发明在研究肉羊育肥后期营养需要的基础上,添加沙葱粉、南瓜籽壳、发酵豆粕有效改善肉羊消化道微生物环境,增加肠胃中有益菌含量；增加苜蓿草粉、花生秧粉、小麦麸、玉米DDGS用量改善肉羊日粮中膳食纤维结构,增加中性洗涤纤维含量,促进瘤胃发育；提高了肉羊的生长性能和屠宰性能,提高了肉羊的消化吸收能力,促进其饲料转化效率,从而降低了饲料成本。(The invention relates to the technical field of feed products, in particular to a feed for the later fattening period of captive mutton sheep and a preparation method and application thereof. The compound feed comprises 20-28 parts of alfalfa meal, 20-30 parts of corn, 5-10 parts of corn alcohol dregs and soluble substances thereof, 3-10 parts of wheat bran, 5-10 parts of fermented soybean meal, 20-35 parts of peanut vine powder, 5-10 parts of pumpkin seed shells, 0.4-1.0 part of allium mongolicum regel powder, 0.3-1.0 part of soybean oil, 0.5-1.0 part of stone powder, 0.5-1.0 part of calcium hydrophosphate and 2 parts of premix for fattening period of mutton sheep. According to the invention, on the basis of researching the nutritional needs of the mutton sheep in the later fattening period, shallot powder, pumpkin seed shells and fermented soybean meal are added, so that the microbial environment of the digestive tract of the mutton sheep is effectively improved, and the content of beneficial bacteria in intestines and stomach is increased; increasing the consumption of alfalfa meal, peanut vine meal, wheat bran and corn DDGS, improving the dietary fiber structure in the daily ration of the mutton sheep, increasing the content of neutral detergent fiber, and promoting the rumen development; the growth performance and slaughter performance of the mutton sheep are improved, the digestion and absorption capacity of the mutton sheep is improved, the feed conversion efficiency of the mutton sheep is promoted, and the feed cost is reduced.)

1. The feed for the fattening later period of the captive mutton sheep is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 20-28 parts of alfalfa meal, 20-30 parts of corn, 5-10 parts of corn distillers' grains and soluble substances thereof, 3-10 parts of wheat bran, 5-10 parts of fermented soybean meal, 20-35 parts of peanut vine powder, 5-10 parts of pumpkin seed shells, 0.4-1.0 part of allium mongolicum regel powder, 0.3-1.0 part of soybean oil, 0.5-1.0 part of stone powder, 0.5-1.0 part of calcium hydrophosphate and 2 parts of premix for fattening period of mutton sheep.

2. The feed for the fattening later period of the captive mutton sheep according to claim 1, wherein each kilogram of the premix for the fattening period of the mutton sheep comprises the following raw materials: 250g of salt 200-; 11000IU of vitamin A, 20-50IU of vitamin E, 31200-2200 IU of vitamin D and 500g of fine rice bran meal.

3. The feed for the captive mutton sheep at the later fattening stage is characterized in that the beneficial bacteria in the fermented soybean meal are a mixture of lactic acid bacteria and yeast.

4. The feed for the later fattening period of the captive mutton sheep according to claim 3, wherein lactic acid bacteria in the fermented soybean meal are not less than 6-8 x 10⁸CFU/g, yeast is not less than 2-3 multiplied by 10⁷CFU/g。

5. The feed for the later fattening period of the captive mutton sheep according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein each ton of the compound feed contains the following raw materials by weight: 20.5 parts of alfalfa meal, 21.6 parts of corn, 6 parts of corn DDGS, 6 parts of wheat bran, 5.3 parts of fermented soybean meal, 29.3 parts of peanut vine powder, 6.95 parts of pumpkin seed shells, 0.55 part of allium mongolicum regel powder, 0.5 part of soybean oil, 0.55 part of stone powder, 0.75 part of calcium hydrophosphate and 2 parts of special premix for the fattening period of mutton sheep.

6. The late-fattening feed for captive mutton sheep according to claim 5, wherein: the special premix for the mutton sheep fattening period comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 250g of salt, 250g of baking soda, 93g of ferrous sulfate monohydrate, 29g of copper sulfate pentahydrate, 33g of zinc sulfate monohydrate, 57g of manganese sulfate monohydrate, 0.5g of sodium selenite, 0.4g of potassium iodide and 28g of chromium propionate; vitamin A15000IU, vitamin E35 IU, vitamin D31800 IU and fine rice bran meal 253 g.

7. A preparation method of the feed for the fattening later period of the captive mutton sheep according to any one of claims 1 to 6, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1, preparing fermented soybean meal, pouring beneficial bacterium thalli in the fermented soybean meal into warm boiled water, and uniformly stirring; then uniformly spraying warm boiled water on the bean pulp, preserving heat and fermenting, and standing for later use after the fermentation is finished;

s2, preparing a vitamin premix, and uniformly mixing all vitamin components and fine rice bran meal in a mixer for later use;

s3, preparing a microelement premix, and uniformly mixing salt, sodium bicarbonate, ferrous sulfate monohydrate, copper sulfate pentahydrate, zinc sulfate monohydrate, manganese sulfate monohydrate, sodium selenite, potassium iodide and chromium propionate in a mixer for later use;

s4, preparing a premix for the fattening period of the mutton sheep, and uniformly mixing the components of the vitamin premix obtained in the step (2) and the trace element premix obtained in the step (3) in a mixer for later use;

s5, preparing mixed feed for the later fattening period of the mutton sheep, crushing the fermented soybean meal, the corn, the alfalfa meal, the peanut vine and the pumpkin seed hulls obtained in the step 1, crushing all the materials by a screen mesh, and uniformly mixing the crushed raw materials, the premix for the later fattening period of the mutton sheep obtained in the step 4 and other raw material components;

s6, preparing the compound feed obtained in the step (5) by using steam in a preparation device, granulating the prepared raw materials in a heating state, cooling the granulated feed, and packaging into bags.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein: in the step (1), after spraying beneficial bacteria on the soybean meal, the soybean meal is barreled according to 100kg per barrel, and is placed in a heat-preservation chamber with the temperature of 35-40 ℃ for fermentation for 72 hours.

9. The method of claim 7, wherein: in the step (5), the operation temperature of the steam in the modulator is 85-95 ℃, the compound feed needs to be modulated for 3-5 minutes, and the compound feed is prepared into particles at 70-90 ℃.

10. The use of the feed for the later fattening period of captive mutton sheep according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the compound feed is suitable for the later fattening period of captive mutton sheep.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of feed products, and particularly relates to a feed for a fattening later stage of captive mutton sheep, and a preparation method and application thereof.

Background

With the improvement of living standard of people, the demand on mutton products is more and more increased, mutton can resist wind cold and tonify bodies, the mutton has treatment and tonifying effects on general wind cold cough, chronic bronchitis, deficiency-cold asthma and other deficiency symptoms, and mutton shashlik, hand-grasping mutton and roast whole sheep are deeply loved by consumers. The mutton sheep breeding industry is advanced with times, the traditional grazing breeding is changed into breeding in a colony house or a breeding mode of the colony house and a sports ground, and the mode is changed from the traditional extensive quantitative breeding to the large-scale industrialized quality type. In the transformation period, how to quickly adapt to the development trend of the industry is particularly important for finding new breakthrough and innovation points between low-carbon emission and grass field vegetation protection and the urgent hopes of satisfying the consumption demand of mutton market and improving life and increasing income of farmers and herdsmen.

Therefore, the development of the mixed feed for the mutton sheep at the later fattening stage reduces the excessive consumption of the grassland and improves the farming and herdsman breeding benefits.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: aiming at the problems, the invention provides the feed for the captive mutton sheep at the later fattening period, and the growth performance of the captive mutton sheep is improved on the basis of researching the nutrition requirement of the captive mutton sheep at the later fattening period.

The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the feed for the later fattening period of the captive mutton sheep.

The invention also aims to provide application of the feed for the later fattening period of the captive mutton sheep.

The invention comprises the following steps:

the feed for the fattening later period of the captive mutton sheep comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20-28 parts of alfalfa meal, 20-30 parts of corn, 5-10 parts of corn distillers' grains and soluble substances thereof (corn DDGS), 3-10 parts of wheat bran, 5-10 parts of fermented soybean meal, 20-35 parts of peanut vine powder, 5-10 parts of pumpkin seed shells, 0.4-1.0 part of allium mongolicum regel powder, 0.3-1.0 part of soybean oil, 0.5-1.0 part of stone powder, 0.5-1.0 part of calcium hydrophosphate and 2 parts of special premix for mutton sheep fattening period.

Further, each kilogram of the mutton sheep fattening period premix comprises the following raw materials: 250g of salt 200-; 11000-20000IU of vitamin A, 20-50IU of vitamin E and 3 of vitamin D

1200-2200IU and 200-500g fine rice bran meal.

Further, the beneficial bacteria in the fermented soybean meal are mixture of lactic acid bacteria and yeast. Preferably, in the fermented soybean meal, the lactobacillus is more than or equal to 6-8 multiplied by 10⁸CFU/g, yeast is not less than 2-3 multiplied by 10⁷CFU/g。

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, each ton of the compound feed contains the following raw materials by weight: 20.5 parts of alfalfa meal, 21.6 parts of corn, 6 parts of corn DDGS, 6 parts of wheat bran, 5.3 parts of fermented soybean meal, 29.3 parts of peanut vine powder, 6.95 parts of pumpkin seed shells, 0.55 part of allium mongolicum regel powder, 0.5 part of soybean oil, 0.55 part of stone powder, 0.75 part of calcium hydrophosphate and 2 parts of premix for fattening period of mutton sheep. Each kilogram of the mutton sheep fattening period premix comprises the following raw materials: 250g of salt, 250g of baking soda, 93g of ferrous sulfate monohydrate, 29g of copper sulfate pentahydrate, 33g of zinc sulfate monohydrate, 57g of manganese sulfate monohydrate, 0.5g of sodium selenite, 0.4g of potassium iodide and 28g of chromium propionate; vitamin A15000IU, vitamin E35 IU, vitamin D31800 IU and fine rice bran meal 253 g.

The invention also comprises a preparation method of the compound feed for the later fattening period of the mutton sheep, which comprises the following steps:

s1: preparing fermented soybean meal, pouring beneficial bacterium thalli in the fermented soybean meal into warm boiled water, and uniformly stirring; then uniformly spraying warm boiled water on the bean pulp, preserving heat and fermenting, and standing for later use after the fermentation is finished;

s2, preparing a vitamin premix, and uniformly mixing all vitamin components and fine rice bran meal in a mixer for later use;

s3: preparing a microelement premix, and uniformly mixing salt, sodium bicarbonate, ferrous sulfate monohydrate, copper sulfate pentahydrate, zinc sulfate monohydrate, manganese sulfate monohydrate, sodium selenite, potassium iodide and chromium propionate in a mixer for later use;

s4: preparing a premix for the fattening period of the mutton sheep, and uniformly mixing the components of the vitamin premix obtained in the step (2) and the trace element premix obtained in the step (3) in a mixer for later use;

s5: preparing mixed feed for the later fattening period of the mutton sheep, crushing the fermented soybean meal, the corn, the alfalfa meal, the peanut vine and the pumpkin seed hulls obtained in the step (1), crushing the crushed materials by a screen, and uniformly mixing the crushed materials, the special premix for the later fattening period of the mutton sheep obtained in the step (4) and other raw material components;

s6, preparing the compound feed obtained in the step (5) by using steam in a preparation device, granulating the prepared raw materials in a heating state, cooling the granulated feed, and packaging into bags.

Further, in the step (1), after spraying beneficial bacteria on the soybean meal, the soybean meal is barreled according to 100kg per barrel, placed in a heat preservation chamber at 35-40 ℃ and fermented for 72 hours.

Further, in the step (5), the operation temperature of the steam in the modulator is 85-95 ℃, the compound feed needs to be modulated for 3-5 minutes, and the compound feed is prepared into particles at 70-90 ℃.

The compound feed is suitable for the later fattening period of captive mutton sheep.

In the invention, the fermentation raw materials are artificially inoculated with strains such as lactobacillus and saccharomycetes, the water content and the environmental temperature of the raw materials are controlled, and the feed raw materials are converted into microbial mycoprotein, bioactive small peptide amino acid and microbial active probiotics, so that the anti-nutritional factors in the raw materials can be degraded, the digestion and absorption utilization rate can be improved, and the amino acid which is easy to lack in the feed can be made up.

Compared with the early stage, the mutton sheep fattening later stage has different nutritional structure requirements, the lamb fattening early stage mainly aims to improve the resistance of a flock and improve the breeding success rate, the fattening later stage mainly aims to promote absorption, and the mutton sheep fattening later stage ensures full growth on the premise of reducing feed consumption and realizes fattening. The allium mongolicum regel, also called mongolian leek, is high-quality forage grass, has biological active ingredients such as antibiosis, antivirus and antitumor, can improve the activity of superoxide dismutase in serum, liver and spleen of mutton sheep by adding the allium mongolicum regel forage, and obviously improves the feed intake, daily gain and forage conversion efficiency of the mutton sheep. Peanut seedlings are a high-quality, low-cost and rich-nutrition coarse feed for mutton sheep, and stems and leaves of the peanut seedlings contain 15.5% of crude protein, 2.7% of crude fat and 45.8% of carbohydrate, so that the palatability of the feed can be improved, the dietary structure can be improved, and the nutrient digestibility can be improved. The pumpkin seed shells are leftovers of pumpkin seeds, are good dietary fibers, can promote gastrointestinal motility and improve intestinal microbial flora, are medical and edible traditional Chinese medicine raw materials for people, are not applied to feeds at present, and are generally discarded as wastes due to the fact that human bodies are not easy to digest the pumpkin seed shells in daily life. The applicant finds that the pumpkin seed hulls have a remarkable effect on improvement of the digestive tract of the sheep in pens, and the pumpkin seed hulls can fully promote absorption by being compounded with fermented soybean meal and combining improvement of daily ration fibers.

Compared with the prior art, the compound feed has the following advantages:

(1) the invention researches the conventional nutritional indexes, the trace elements and the required amount of vitamins at the later fattening stage of the mutton sheep, and the formed compound feed has more scientific preparation technology and more comprehensive consideration;

(2) the fermented soybean meal and the pumpkin seed shells are added to improve the digestive tract environment and increase the content of beneficial bacteria;

(3) the dosage of the shallot powder, the peanut vine powder, the alfalfa meal and the wheat bran is increased, the daily ration fiber structure is improved, the development of organs such as rumens, livers and spleens is promoted, and the growth performance and slaughtering performance of the mutton sheep are improved;

(4) the addition of the allium mongolicum regel powder and the chromium propionate can promote the development of the kidney and improve the rumen index, thereby improving the digestion and absorption capacity and promoting the feed conversion efficiency.

(5) The feed of the invention has high conversion efficiency, can effectively reduce cost and is worthy of popularization.

Detailed Description

Any feature disclosed in this specification may be replaced by alternative features serving equivalent or similar purposes, unless expressly stated otherwise. That is, unless expressly stated otherwise, each feature is only an example of a generic series of equivalent or similar features.