阅读说明：本技术 麦味地黄丸中药渣生物发酵产品及其制备方法与应用 (Biological fermentation product of traditional Chinese medicine residue of Maiwei rehmannia pills and preparation method and application thereof ) 是由 王晓力 朱新强 陈凯 王春梅 崔光欣 李玉 陈季贵 张茜 于 2019-09-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供麦味地黄丸中药渣生物发酵产品及其制备方法与应用。所述生物发酵产品是以麦味地黄丸中药渣为原料,加入植物乳杆菌(Lp)和酶进行固态发酵制备而成；所述酶选自木聚糖酶(Xy)、里氏木酶(Tr)和/或华芬酶(He)。实验发现,采用Lp+Xy进行固态发酵对中药渣产品营养价值的提高效果明显,其粗纤维含量为41.13％,半纤维素6.82％,木质素14.44％,灰分10.76％,粗蛋白11.83％,总糖7.10％,氨氮值为0.80％,乙醇16％,乳酸9.5％,pH为3.36。利用复合添加剂固态发酵麦味中药渣可以提高其营养价值。将本发明的麦味中药渣生物发酵产品作为动物饲料替代精料,可提高牛的生长性能。(The invention provides a biological fermentation product of Chinese medicine residue of Maiwei rehmannia pills and a preparation method and application thereof. The biological fermentation product is prepared by taking the Chinese medicine residue of the Maiwei rehmannia pills as a raw material, and adding lactobacillus plantarum (Lp) and enzyme for solid state fermentation; the enzyme is selected from xylanase (Xy), Riemer xylanase (Tr) and/or waffle enzyme (He). Experiments show that the solid fermentation by adopting Lp + Xy has obvious effect of improving the nutritive value of Chinese medicine residue products, wherein the crude fiber content is 41.13%, the hemicellulose content is 6.82%, the lignin content is 14.44%, the ash content is 10.76%, the crude protein content is 11.83%, the total sugar content is 7.10%, the ammonia nitrogen value is 0.80%, the ethanol content is 16%, the lactic acid content is 9.5%, and the pH value is 3.36. The nutritional value of the wheat-flavor Chinese medicine residues can be improved by utilizing the solid state fermentation of the compound additive. The wheat-flavor Chinese medicine residue biological fermentation product of the invention is used as an animal feed to replace concentrated feed, and can improve the growth performance of cattle.)

1. The biological fermentation product of the traditional Chinese medicine residue of the Maiwei rehmannia pills is characterized in that the biological fermentation product is prepared by taking the traditional Chinese medicine residue of the Maiwei rehmannia pills as a raw material and adding lactobacillus plantarum and enzyme for solid state fermentation; wherein the enzyme is selected from at least one of xylanase, Riemer xylanase and Huafen enzyme; adding lactobacillus plantarum 1.0 × 10 per gram of raw material⁹-9.0×10⁹In each gram of raw material, 2000-10000U of enzyme is added.

2. Biofermented product according to claim 1, characterized in that 3.0 x 10 lactobacillus plantarum is added per gram of raw material⁹In each case 5000U of enzyme per gram of starting material was added.

3. The biofermented product according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it has the following main component contents: 41.13% of crude fiber, 6.82% of hemicellulose, 14.44% of lignin, 10.76% of ash, 11.83% of crude protein, 7.10% of total sugar, 0.80% of ammonia nitrogen value, 16% of ethanol, 9.5% of lactic acid and pH 3.36.

4. A method for preparing a biological fermentation product according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the residue of the medical preparation of maiwei dihuang pills is dried and crushed, lactobacillus plantarum preparation and enzyme are added into the residue, the mixture is uniformly mixed and fermented for 1 to 2 days at 30 to 40 ℃, then the stack turning treatment is carried out, sterile water is sprayed, the moisture content of the fermentation material is controlled to be 55 to 65 percent, and the fermentation is continued for 2 to 3 days, thus obtaining the biological fermentation product.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the Lactobacillus plantarum microbial inoculum is prepared by the following method: gradually culturing lactobacillus plantarum on an inclined plane to obtain fermentation liquor, performing centrifugal separation to obtain wet thalli, adding a freeze-drying protective agent according to the ratio of thalli to the freeze-drying protective agent of 1g to 1-2mL, uniformly mixing, and performing freeze drying to obtain lactobacillus plantarum powder; when solid state fermentation is carried out, the powder is dissolved in a proper amount of water to obtain the lactobacillus plantarum microbial inoculum;

preferably, the formulation of the lyoprotectant is: 0.924g/L of skim milk, 0.782g/L of sodium glutamate and 0.38g/L of trehalose, and is prepared by water.

6. The method according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the herb residue of Maiwei Dihuang Wan is the residue of the Maiwei Dihuang Wan prepared according to the preparation method of Maiwei Dihuang Wan described in the pharmacopoeia of China 2015 edition.

7. An animal feed comprising the biofermented product of any one of claims 1 to 3.

8. Use of any of the following biofermentation products of claims 1-3:

1) application in preparing animal feed;

2) application in animal feeding.

9. The use of claim 8, wherein the animal comprises a pig, a cow, a sheep; preferably bovine.

10. The use according to claim 9, wherein the biofermented product is added to the daily ration of cattle in a mass percentage of 20-40% for feeding cattle.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of microbial fermentation, in particular to a biological fermentation product of traditional Chinese medicine residues of Maiwei rehmannia pills as well as a preparation method and application thereof.

Background

Chinese herbal medicine is one of the important components of Chinese traditional medicine, Chinese patent medicine is more and more favored by people in recent years, and research and utilization of Chinese herbal medicine have gradually received important attention at home and abroad. Meanwhile, a large amount of residues generated in the production and processing process of Chinese patent medicines bring an urgent problem to be solved, namely the treatment of the residues, to pharmaceutical factories, society and environment. At present, the method is used for producing fertilizers, cultivating edible fungi, health-care feeds, flocculating agents, gardening substrates, cracking oil preparation, fermenting methane and the like except for landfill, incineration and other treatment modes, but the method cannot completely consume and convert huge herb residue resources, so that a new utilization method is urgently needed to be developed. Therefore, the economic and reasonable utilization of the medicine dregs is gradually becoming a hot point of research, and the purposes of fully utilizing the medicine dregs resources and protecting the environment are achieved.

The antibiotic fed by the feed can prevent diarrhea of animals and promote the growth of the animals, but can cause negative problems of drug residues, bacterial drug resistance and the like, and causes harm to animals, people and ecological environment. Research and development of safe, green and residue-free feed products promote healthy growth of animals, and become a focus of attention in animal husbandry production. The microbial fermented feed is a biological active feed which is prepared by taking plant agricultural and sideline products as main raw materials and performing microbial fermentation under controlled conditions, and is easy to eat, digest, absorb and harmlessly treat livestock and poultry. Currently, microbial fermented feeds for pigs, poultry and ruminants are studied. The microbial fermented feed can improve nutrient digestibility and productivity of animals, and promote intestinal health and immune function. Penloyl et al used microbial fermented feed to feed beef cattle with 25% and 40% alkaline concentrate, respectively. Researches find that the microbial fermented feed can improve the feed intake and digestibility of coarse feed for beef cattle, improve the quality of daily ration, improve the quality of meat products, improve economic benefits and the like, but the screening is carried out from the aspect of economic benefits. The formulation of concentrates containing microbial fermented feed is less studied. Therefore, the effect of the microbial fermented feed on fattening the beef cattle instead of the commercial concentrate and the protein-free feed concentrate is researched, the optimal concentrate formula is optimized, a basis is provided for reasonably utilizing the microbial fermented feed, and the economic benefit of the beef cattle is improved.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to take the traditional Chinese medicine residue of Maiwei rehmannia pills (the traditional Chinese medicine residue of Maiwei rehmannia for short) as a raw material, perform solid-state fermentation by adding a compound additive, analyze and evaluate the nutrition of the components in the residue, discuss the reuse of the traditional Chinese medicine residue by using the quantitative analysis result, find out the proper type and dosage of the additive, improve the nutritional value and the utilization value of the traditional Chinese medicine residue feed by using the solid-state fermentation of the additive, and reasonably utilize a large amount of traditional Chinese medicine residue discarded by a pharmaceutical factory.

The invention also aims to provide a biological fermentation product of the traditional Chinese medicine residue of the Maiwei Dihuang pill and a preparation method and application thereof.

In order to realize the purpose of the invention, the biological fermentation product of the traditional Chinese medicine residue of the Maiwei Dihuang pill is prepared by taking the traditional Chinese medicine residue of the Maiwei Dihuang pill as a raw material and adding lactobacillus plantarum and enzyme for solid state fermentation; wherein the enzyme is selected from at least one of xylanase, Riemer xylanase and Huafen enzyme; adding lactobacillus plantarum 1.0 × 10 per gram of raw material⁹-9.0×10⁹In each gram of raw material, 2000-10000U of enzyme is added.

Preferably, 3.0X 10 Lactobacillus plantarum is added per gram of raw material⁹At one time, 5000U of enzyme (preferably xylanase) was added per gram of feedstock.

The biological fermentation product of the invention comprises the following main components: 41.13% of crude fiber, 6.82% of hemicellulose, 14.44% of lignin, 10.76% of ash, 11.83% of crude protein, 7.10% of total sugar, 0.80% of ammonia nitrogen value, 16% of ethanol, 9.5% of lactic acid and pH 3.36.

The biological fermentation product of the traditional Chinese medicine residue of the Maiwei rehmannia pill can be prepared according to the following method: drying and pulverizing the residue of MAIWEIDIHUANG pill, adding Lactobacillus plantarum microbial inoculum and enzyme, mixing, fermenting at 30-40 deg.C for 1-2 days, turning over, spraying sterile water, controlling the water content of the fermented material to 55-65%, and fermenting for 2-3 days.

Preferably, the residues of the Maiwei Dihuang pills are dried and crushed, lactobacillus plantarum microbial inoculum and enzyme (preferably xylanase) are added into the residues, the mixture is uniformly mixed and fermented for 2 days at 35 ℃, then the pile-turning treatment is carried out, sterile water is sprayed, the water content of the fermented material is controlled to be 60%, and the fermentation is continued for 2 days, so that the preparation method is obtained.

In the invention, the preparation method of the lactobacillus plantarum microbial inoculum comprises the following steps: gradually culturing lactobacillus plantarum on an inclined plane to obtain fermentation liquor, performing centrifugal separation to obtain wet thalli, adding a freeze-drying protective agent according to the ratio of the thalli to the freeze-drying protective agent of 1g to 1-2mL, uniformly mixing, and performing freeze drying to obtain lactobacillus plantarum powder. When solid state fermentation is carried out, the powder is dissolved in a proper amount of water to obtain the lactobacillus plantarum microbial inoculum.

Preferably, the formulation of the lyoprotectant is: 0.924g/L of skim milk, 0.782g/L of sodium glutamate and 0.38g/L of trehalose, and is prepared by water.

The residue of the Maiwei Dihuang pill used in the invention is the residue of the pill obtained by processing according to the preparation method of the Maiwei Dihuang pill mentioned in the pharmacopoeia 2015 edition of China.

The invention has no special requirements on species sources of lactobacillus plantarum strains and xylanase, and can be used in the invention commercially.

The invention also provides animal feed which comprises the biological fermentation product.

The invention also provides any one of the following applications of the biological fermentation product:

1) application in preparing animal feed;

2) application in animal feeding.

Animals of the present invention include, but are not limited to, pigs, cattle, sheep; preferably bovine.

In the application, the biological fermentation product is added into daily ration of cattle according to the mass percentage of 20-40% (preferably 30%) for feeding cattle.

By the technical scheme, the invention at least has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

the method takes waste traditional Chinese medicine residues generated in the production process of the Maiwei Dihuang pills as research objects, and utilizes a compound additive of lactobacillus plantarum and xylanase (Lp + Xy), lactobacillus plantarum and waffle enzyme (Lp + He) or lactobacillus plantarum and trichoderma reesei (Lp + Tr) to perform solid-state fermentation on the Maiwei traditional Chinese medicine residues. The contents of fiber, ash, crude protein, total sugar, ammonia nitrogen, pH, lactic acid and ethanol in the fermentation product are measured, and the nutrient components of the Chinese medicine residues after the additives are used are analyzed and compared. Experiments show that the solid state fermentation by adopting the compound additive Lp + Xy has obvious effect of improving the nutritive value of Chinese medicine residue products, wherein the content of crude fibers is 41.13 percent, the content of hemicellulose is 6.82 percent, the content of lignin is 14.44 percent, the content of ash is 10.76 percent, the content of crude protein is 11.83 percent, the content of total sugar is 7.10 percent, the content of ammonia nitrogen is 0.80 percent, the content of lactic acid is 9.5 percent, the content of ethanol is 16 percent, and the pH value is 3.36.

The complex additive used in the present invention can secrete cellulase and hemicellulase. The raw materials of the traditional Chinese medicine residues are pretreated before enzymolysis, so that the protective layer of lignin can be damaged, and the crystal structure of cellulose can be changed. It can promote cellulose degradation, increase enzymolysis rate, and make the animal feed processed by the Chinese medicine residue with additive beneficial to animal digestion.

The lactobacillus plantarum in the invention is one of lactic acid bacteria, and can produce a large amount of lactic acid under anaerobic conditions. Experiments show that the higher the lactic acid content is, the lower the pH is, the growth of putrefying bacteria can be effectively inhibited, and the storage time of the medicine residue is prolonged. Therefore, the compound additive is adopted to treat the raw materials of the herb residue, so that the feed can be stored for a relatively long time and has good quality.

The lactobacillus plantarum used in the invention has a high viable count, can produce a large amount of acid, and the produced acidic substances can degrade part of heavy metals, so that the ash content is reduced. Xylanases are used in the feed industry. Can decompose cell wall and beta-glucan of industrial raw materials of the feed, reduce viscosity of the raw materials in the brewing process, promote release of effective substances, increase mineral content and reduce ash content.

The invention takes the waste traditional Chinese medicine residue generated in the production process of the Maiwei Dihuang pills as the raw material, contains a large amount of amino acid, polysaccharide and protein, is used as a feed additive after being fermented by microorganisms, can promote the growth of animals, and has certain promotion effect on the growth of the animals. To some extent, their immunity is also modulated. In addition, after the residue fermentation, the contents of components such as protein, glucose and the like in the product are also obviously increased, and the nutritional value of the feed is improved. The residue contains a large amount of active substances, so that the feed can be used as unconventional feed, the feed cost can be saved, and the immunity of animals can be effectively improved.

The wheat-flavor Chinese medicine residues are fermented in a solid state by using the compound additive, so that the nutritive value of the wheat-flavor Chinese medicine residues can be improved, the gastrointestinal balance of animals can be regulated, and the comprehensive absorption of nutrition can be promoted. Enhancing nonspecific immunity and disease resistance of organism, increasing reproduction rate, survival rate and regularity, promoting animal growth, increasing daily gain, and shortening feeding time.

And can reduce hormone content and improve palatability. Deodorizing, repelling mosquitoes and flies, improving the feeding environment, inhibiting and eliminating odor, and promoting animal health. The wheat-flavor Chinese medicine residue biological fermentation product of the invention is used as an animal feed to replace concentrated feed, and can improve the growth performance of cattle.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a comparison of the neutral detergent fiber content in example 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a comparison of the acid scour fiber content of example 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a comparison of the content of acid washed lignin in example 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a comparison of hemicellulose content in example 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a comparison of the cellulose content in example 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a comparison of ash contents in example 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a comparison of the total sugar content in solid state in example 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a comparison of the crude protein content in example 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a comparison of the ammonia nitrogen content in example 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a comparison of pH in example 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a comparison of the lactic acid content in example 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a comparison of ethanol content in example 1 of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Unless otherwise specified, the technical means used in the examples are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art, and the raw materials used are commercially available products.

In the invention, the lactobacillus plantarum microbial inoculum (the content of active lactobacillus is more than or equal to 1 multiplied by 10)¹¹cfu/g) from Taiwan Sucus Biotech, Inc., and xylanase (powdered, 50000IU/g) from Shandong Kete enzyme preparations, Inc.