阅读说明：本技术 一种一次成型中空减震轮胎及其制作方法 (One-step forming hollow damping tire and manufacturing method thereof ) 是由 张文强 葛九敢 唐帆 高志宇 时守超 于 2019-09-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种一次成型中空减震轮胎及其制作方法,属于轮胎制作领域。轮胎包括胎体,还包括空腔结构,其沿周向开设于所述胎体内部,在所述胎体内部形成中空腔室；开口结构,其为沿周向开设于所述胎体内圈面上的凹槽,所述开口结构将所述空腔结构与外界连通；以及气密层,其由形成于空腔结构表面的气密层一与将开口结构闭合的气密层二构成,本发明的胎体通过空腔结构与开口结构的设置使胎体经一次注射直接成型,制作工艺简单,成品容易,开口结构的存在使得气密层的附着操作容易进行,在密封的空腔结构的作用下,轮胎行进遇到的颠簸经由空腔结构被缓冲吸收,减震性能大大增加。(The invention discloses a one-step forming hollow damping tire and a manufacturing method thereof, and belongs to the field of tire manufacturing. The tire comprises a tire body and a cavity structure, wherein the cavity structure is arranged in the tire body along the circumferential direction, and a hollow cavity is formed in the tire body; the opening structure is a groove which is formed in the inner ring surface of the tire body along the circumferential direction, and the opening structure is used for communicating the cavity structure with the outside; the tyre body of the invention enables the tyre body to be directly molded by one-time injection through the arrangement of the cavity structure and the opening structure, the manufacturing process is simple, the finished product is easy, the existence of the opening structure enables the adhesion operation of the airtight layer to be easy, and the bumping encountered when the tyre runs is absorbed by the buffer of the cavity structure under the action of the sealed cavity structure, so the shock absorption performance is greatly improved.)

1. The utility model provides a one shot forming cavity shock attenuation tire, includes matrix (1), its characterized in that still includes:

the cavity structure (10) is arranged inside the tire body (1) along the circumferential direction, and a cavity chamber is formed inside the tire body (1);

the opening structure (11) is a groove which is arranged on the inner ring surface of the tire body (1) along the circumferential direction, and the opening structure (11) is used for communicating the cavity structure (10) with the outside; and

and an inner liner (12) which is composed of a first inner liner (120) formed on the surface of the cavity structure (10) and a second inner liner (121) for closing the opening structure (11).

2. The one-shot hollow cushion tire as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the opening width r of the opening structure (11) is gradually increased from the cavity structure (10) to the inner ring direction of the tire body (1).

3. The one-shot hollow cushion tire as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the opening width r of the opening structure (11) is gradually reduced from the cavity structure (10) to the inner ring direction of the tire body (1).

4. The one-step forming hollow shock absorbing tire as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the tyre body (1) is formed in a mould set (2) in a one-step forming mode.

5. A one-shot hollow shock absorbing tire as claimed in claim 4, wherein said set of molds (2) comprises:

the lower die (20) is provided with a cavity (200) on the joint surface, and the shape of the cavity (200) is matched with that of the half carcass (1);

the middle mold (21) is composed of an inner cavity mold (210) and an opening mold (211), the inner cavity mold (210) is a ring-shaped structural body with the shape matched with that of the cavity structure (10), the opening mold (211) is a ring-shaped sheet with the shape matched with that of the opening structure (11), and the opening mold (211) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the inner cavity mold (210); the middle die (21) is arranged between the lower die (20) and the upper die (22);

the upper die (22) is matched with the lower die (20) in structure and is symmetrically arranged above the lower die (20);

and the injection hole is a through hole which is formed in the side wall of the lower die (20) or the upper die (22) and communicated with the cavity (200).

6. The one-shot hollow cushion tire as claimed in claim 5, wherein: an installation groove (201) is annularly formed in the joint surface on the inner side of the cavity (200) of the lower die (20), and the shape of the installation groove (201) is matched with that of an open die (211) of the middle die (21); the corresponding positions of the clamping surfaces of the upper die (22) are provided with the same mounting grooves (201).

7. A manufacturing method of a one-time molding hollow shock-absorbing tire is characterized by comprising the following steps:

firstly, plasticizing: plasticizing the rubber particles into a fluid gum stock;

secondly, die assembly: mounting a middle die (21) on a lower die (20) through a mounting groove (201), and closing an upper die (22) and the lower die (20);

thirdly, injection: the plasticized fluid rubber is injected into the whole cavity (200) through the injection hole and then is kept stand for molding;

fourthly, vulcanization: vulcanizing the rubber product in the cavity (200);

fifthly, opening the die: opening the mold after vulcanization, taking out the molded tire body (1), and taking out the middle mold (21) from the opening structure (11);

sixthly, spraying an air-tight layer: coating the liquid air-tight layer material on the wall surface of the cavity structure (10) through the opening structure (11), and coating the liquid air-tight layer material on the wall surface of the opening structure (11) after the wall surface of the cavity structure (10) is coated;

seventhly, slow vulcanization: sleeving the tire body (1) after the sixth step on the shaping ring, and performing low-temperature slow vulcanization operation;

eighthly, finished product: after the slow vulcanization operation, the carcass 1 is removed from the shaping ring.

8. The method for manufacturing the one-time molding hollow shock absorption tire as claimed in claim 7, wherein the method comprises the following steps: vacuumizing after the die is closed, and the inside of the cavity (200) is in a negative pressure state; in the die assembly process, the die cavity (200) is heated to 150-200 ℃.

9. The method for manufacturing the one-time molding hollow shock absorption tire as claimed in claim 7, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and in the sixth step, the coating method of the airtight layer material comprises manual coating, automatic spraying of a tool nozzle and the like.

10. The method for manufacturing the one-time molding hollow shock absorption tire as claimed in claim 8, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the seven slow vulcanization processes are carried out at the temperature of 60-100 ℃ for 1-2 h.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of tire preparation, and particularly relates to a one-step forming hollow damping tire and a manufacturing method thereof.

Background

The tire is divided into a pneumatic tire and a non-pneumatic tire, and is widely used in view of the fact that the conventional pneumatic tire is mature in production process, good in riding comfort and good in bearing capacity due to cushioning. However, as a large number of vehicle driving safety accidents are more and more caused by tire burst, abrasion and unstable running, the inflation-free tire has no inner tube, and the inflation-free tire has the advantages of high safety, energy conservation, environmental protection and the like, so that people pay more attention to the tire. The non-pneumatic tire is divided into a solid tire and a hollow tire, and the hollow tire greatly overcomes the defect of jolt caused by insufficient resilience in the riding process of the non-pneumatic tire.

The existing hollow tire is manufactured by adopting a traditional mould pressing vulcanization molding process, the process is difficult to realize full-automatic production due to complex working procedures, and is greatly influenced by human factors, so that the production efficiency is low and the yield is low when the tubeless tire is manufactured.

Chinese patent publication No.: CN 109109352A; the publication date is as follows: 1 month and 1 day 2019; disclosed is a one-time injection, hollow and vulcanization molding production method of rubber products, which can complete the injection, hollow and vulcanization processes in the same mold cavity, wherein the mold cavity comprises an upper half mold, a lower half mold and a mold core, the mold core lays a foundation for the hollow of the mold cavity, the hollow mold has the condition of filling high-temperature and high-pressure gas required by vulcanization, and further integrates the injection molding, hollow and vulcanization devices, thereby avoiding the heat loss and process flow cost caused by the flow of each process in the prior art, greatly improving the defect of complex process in the traditional process, simplifying the manufacturing process, but through the use of the process, the process can theoretically realize full-automatic production, but when the hollow tire is vulcanized and molded in the actual production process, high-temperature gas or compressed air and the like need to be introduced to heat the inner cavity of the hollow tire, the yield of the hollow tire is found to be low, meanwhile, high-temperature gas or compressed air and the like are needed to be generated in the operation process of equipment, so that potential safety hazards exist, the responsible coefficient of the product implementation process is increased, and large-scale industrial production is difficult to realize.

Disclosure of Invention

1. Problems to be solved

The invention provides a one-step forming hollow damping tire and a manufacturing method thereof, aiming at the problems of complex manufacturing of the hollow tire and insufficient damping performance in the prior art.

2. Technical scheme

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.

The utility model provides a one shot forming cavity shock attenuation tire, includes the matrix, still includes:

the cavity structure is arranged in the tire body along the circumferential direction, and a cavity chamber is formed in the tire body;

the opening structure is a groove which is formed in the inner ring surface of the tire body along the circumferential direction, and the opening structure is used for communicating the cavity structure with the outside; and

and the air-tight layer is composed of a first air-tight layer formed on the surface of the cavity structure and a second air-tight layer for closing the opening structure.

The hollow structure is arranged in the tire body and forms the hollow of the tire, when the tire is used, the hollow structure buffers and damps impact force transmitted from the tire tread, the anti-peak effect is achieved, the weight of the tire body is reduced, and rolling resistance is reduced; the opening structure is an opening formed on the inner ring surface of the tire body, the cavity structure is communicated with the outside, when the tire is formed through the opening structure, after the hollow structure is formed, the mold core for forming the hollow structure is directly pulled out from the opening structure without operations such as secondary mold opening, secondary mold closing, gas injection, pressure relief and the like, thereby reducing the error and accident rate and improving the yield, after the mold core is placed into a mold set for manufacturing the tire to be closed, after the tire is formed, the mold core is directly pulled out to obtain the hollow structure which can be formed at one time, the opening structure also lightens the weight of the tire body, further reduces the material cost and the rolling resistance of the tire, and the hollow structure of the tire can be formed at one time on the premise of not reducing the performance of the hollow tire, thereby being convenient to manufacture and high in yield, and further, the airtight layers are formed on the wall surface of the cavity structure and the wall surface of the opening, wherein the airtight layer is wrapped on the wall surface of the cavity structure, the airtight layer closes the two wall surfaces of the opening structure, so that the cavity structure becomes a hollow chamber sealed in the tire body, the airtight layer I can enter the cavity structure through the opening structure by equipment to carry out attachment operation, the airtight layer II can be easily attached to the wall surface of the opening structure, so that the forming operation of the airtight layer structure is also easy to realize, the cavity structure becomes an independent hollow chamber in the tire body through the airtight layer structure, after a rim is installed on the tire body, the opening structure is secondarily sealed by the pressing force of the airtight layer II and the rim under the pressing force of the rim, so that the air tightness of the whole tire body is ensured, a stable constant pressure space is formed in the cavity structure, the air tightness is ensured, when the tire body is used, bumping is encountered, and the stable air pressure in the cavity structure is equivalent to a spring to support the deformed tire body to quickly restore to the original shape, reduced and rolled the resistance, strengthened the stability of riding when meetting jolting, along with the rotation of tire, the matrix can generate heat during long-term use, originally be the atmospheric pressure the same with the external world in the confined cavity structure, along with generating heat of matrix, cavity structure gas tightness is good in addition, atmospheric pressure increase in the cavity structure, it is better to the shape supporting effect of matrix, make rolling of matrix hinder and reduce along with the increase of the time of riding, reach and ride more power saving/laborsaving effect more, and the wall of cavity structure has been protected in the formation of air-tight layer structure, the ageing speed of wall has further been slowed down, the effective life of matrix has been increased.

Further, the opening width r of the opening structure gradually increases from the cavity structure to the inner ring direction of the tire body.

According to the tire, the shape of the opening structure is shown to be triangular from the cavity structure to the inner ring direction of the tire body from the tire body section, so that after the tire is formed, the mold core is easy to take out, the cavity structure and the opening structure in the tire body cannot be damaged, and the yield of the hollow tire is high.

Further, the opening width r of the opening structure is gradually reduced from the cavity structure to the inner ring direction of the tire body.

The shape of open structure shows from the matrix section to be the type of falling triangle from cavity structure to matrix inner circle direction, and the rim installation back compresses tightly from matrix inboard both sides, cooperatees with open structure and forms locking effect, has strengthened the fastening effect between rim and matrix on the one hand, security when increasing the tire and using, and on the other hand, the rim compresses tightly the back open structure closure inseparabler, cooperates with two air barriers, has further strengthened the sealed effect to cavity structure.

Further, the tire body is formed in a mold set in a one-step forming mode.

The application of the design of the opening structure and the cavity structure enables the tire body to be formed at one time through the corresponding mold set, greatly simplifies the manufacturing process of the hollow tire body, improves the yield and improves the production efficiency.

Further, the die set includes:

a lower die, wherein a die cavity is arranged on the die joint surface of the lower die, and the shape of the die cavity is matched with that of a half of the tire body;

the middle mold consists of an inner cavity mold and an opening mold, the inner cavity mold is an annular structural body with the shape matched with the shape of the cavity structure, the opening mold is an annular sheet with the shape matched with the shape of the opening structure, and the opening mold is fixedly connected to the inner side of the inner cavity mold; the middle die is arranged between the lower die and the upper die;

the upper die is matched with the lower die in structure and symmetrically arranged above the lower die;

and the injection hole is a through hole which is formed in the side wall of the lower die or the upper die and communicated with the cavity.

The injection hole of this scheme is seted up at last mould lateral wall, and is linked together with the die cavity on last mould compound die surface, goes up mould and bed die compound die back, and the die cavity constitutes the die cavity of complete matrix shape, and well mould is arranged in between the bed die as the mold core, and the inner chamber mould of well mould is arranged in the die cavity that the compound die formed completely in, and open mould part is arranged in the die cavity, and the part is kept somewhere outside the die cavity, takes out well mould after making things convenient for the matrix shaping.

Furthermore, an installation groove is annularly formed in the joint surface on the inner side of the lower die cavity, and the shape of the installation groove is matched with that of an open die of the middle die; the same mounting grooves are formed in the corresponding positions of the die closing surfaces of the upper die.

On the matched die face of bed die, the mounting groove has been seted up to the department that places of opening mould of well mould, goes up the mould and corresponds position department and also correspondingly seted up the mounting groove, and the placing of well mould before the convenient compound die at every turn, well mould hollow part blocks on the other bellied compound die face part of mounting groove just for well mould at every turn can pinpoint and place, further improves the qualification rate of making matrix product, guarantees product quality.

A method for manufacturing a one-time molding hollow shock-absorbing tire comprises the following steps:

firstly, plasticizing: plasticizing the rubber particles into a fluid gum stock;

secondly, die assembly: installing a middle die on a lower die through an installation groove, and closing the upper die and the lower die;

thirdly, injection: the plasticized fluid-like rubber material is filled into the whole cavity through the injection hole and then is kept stand for molding;

fourthly, vulcanization: vulcanizing the rubber product in the cavity;

fifthly, opening the die: opening the mold after vulcanization, taking out the molded tire body, and taking out the middle mold from the opening structure;

sixthly, spraying an air-tight layer: coating the liquid air-tight layer material on the wall surface of the cavity structure through the opening structure, and coating the liquid air-tight layer material on the wall surface of the opening structure after the wall surface of the cavity structure is coated;

seventhly, slow vulcanization: sleeving the tire body after the sixth step on the shaping ring, and performing low-temperature slow vulcanization operation;

eighthly, finished product: and after the slow vulcanization operation is finished, taking the tire body off the shaping ring.

Further, vacuumizing is carried out after the die is closed in the second step, and the cavity is in a negative pressure state; in the die closing process, the die cavity is heated to 150-200 ℃.

The rubber material can be injected and filled in the die cavity more easily when the die cavity of the die set is vacuumized to facilitate the injection step, the temperature of each part of the die cavity is ensured to reach 150-200 ℃ by heating the outside of the die set or heating devices arranged in the upper die and the lower die respectively and heating the inside and the outside together, the rubber material injected into the die cavity is ensured to have enough fluidity, and the rubber material cannot be pre-cooled and bonded near an injection hole to influence the injection of the rubber material.

Further, the coating method of the airtight layer material in the step six comprises manual coating and automatic spraying of a nozzle.

The method for manually smearing the airtight layer comprises the steps of opening the opening structure, dipping the liquid airtight layer material by a brush, extending the brush into the cavity structure through the opening structure, smearing the airtight layer material, and smearing the airtight layer material on the wall surface of the opening structure after smearing of the wall surface of the cavity structure is finished; the automatic spraying method of the nozzle comprises the steps that the nozzle extends into the cavity structure through the opening structure, the airtight layer material is sprayed out from the nozzle spray head through compressed air and attached to the wall surface of the cavity structure, the nozzle rotates along the circumferential direction of the tire body, the airtight layer material is uniformly attached to the wall surface of the cavity structure in one circle, and after the spraying on the wall surface of the cavity structure is finished, the nozzle is used for spraying the airtight layer material on the wall surface of the opening structure. The manual coating method is low in cost, special equipment is not needed, but the coating effect is not good, the automatic spraying effect of the nozzle is good, the formed airtight layer is more uniform and compact, and equipment cost is needed.

Further, the slow vulcanization process of the seventh step is carried out at the temperature of 60-100 ℃ for 1-2 h.

The slow vulcanization temperature is controlled to be 60-100 ℃, the slow vulcanization effect is weakened when the temperature is lower than 60 ℃, the adhesion force between the airtight layer material and the wall surface of the tire body is not enough, the slow vulcanization is carried out when the temperature is higher than 100 ℃ for a long time, the performance of the airtight layer material is reduced, and the overall performance of the tire body is reduced; the slow vulcanization time is not less than 1h, the slow vulcanization completion degree is not enough when the time is less than 1h, the situation that the opening structure is not completely sealed by the second airtight layer exists, the slow vulcanization time is more than 2h, the performance of the airtight layer material is reduced, and therefore the overall performance of the tire body is reduced. And the sealing of the two pairs of opening structures of the air-tight layer and the adhesion effect of the reinforced air-tight layer structure on the inner wall of the tire body are ensured through slow vulcanization.

3. Advantageous effects

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) the disposable forming hollow shock-absorbing tire of the invention enables the tire body to be directly formed by one-time injection through the arrangement of the cavity structure and the opening structure, has simple manufacturing process, easy finished product, high uniformity of the tire body, good balance degree, no joint on the tire body, extremely high stability and safety in use, especially in high-speed use, easy attachment operation of the airtight layer due to the existence of the opening structure, and greatly increased shock-absorbing performance because jolts of the tire in advancing are absorbed by buffering through the cavity structure under the action of the sealed cavity structure;

(2) according to the one-time molding hollow shock-absorbing tire, due to the double sealing of the airtight layer and the rim structure, the cavity structure has good air tightness, stable air pressure provides supporting force for the wall surface of the cavity structure, when the tire is bumpy in the use process, impact force is damped and buffered through the cavity structure, the deformed tire body part is quickly recovered under the support of the air pressure in the cavity structure, the stability of the tire body in advancing is ensured, the tire body is heated along with the rotation of the tire, the air pressure in the cavity structure is gradually increased, the supporting effect on the tire body is more obvious, the rolling resistance of the tire in use is reduced along with the increase of riding time, and the effect of saving more electricity/labor during riding is achieved;

(3) according to the one-time forming hollow shock-absorbing tire, the shape of the opening structure is shown to be triangular from the cavity structure to the inner ring direction of the tire body from the tire body section, so that after the tire is formed, the mold core is easy to take out, the cavity structure and the opening structure in the tire body cannot be damaged, and the yield of the hollow shock-absorbing tire is high;

(4) according to the one-time molding hollow shock-absorbing tire, the shape of the opening structure is shown to be inverted triangular from the cavity structure to the inner ring direction of the tire body from the tire body section, after the rim is installed, the rim is pressed from two sides of the inner side of the tire body and is matched with the opening structure to form a locking effect, on one hand, the fastening effect between the rim and the tire body is enhanced, the safety of the tire in use is improved, on the other hand, the opening structure is closed more tightly after the rim is pressed and is matched with the air-tight layer II, and the sealing effect on the cavity structure is further enhanced;

(5) according to the one-time forming hollow damping tire, due to the design of the opening structure and the cavity structure, the tire body can be formed at one time through the corresponding mold group, the manufacturing process of the hollow tire body is greatly simplified, the yield is improved, and the production efficiency is improved;

(6) according to the one-time molding hollow shock-absorbing tire, the tire body with a hollow structure can be manufactured through one-time mold closing operation through the matching of the upper mold, the middle mold and the lower mold, so that the manufacturing process of the hollow shock-absorbing tire is greatly simplified, the operation is convenient, and the production efficiency is high;

(7) according to the one-time molding hollow shock-absorbing tire, the mounting groove is formed in the opening mold placing position of the middle mold on the mold matching surface of the lower mold, the mounting groove is correspondingly formed in the corresponding position of the upper mold, the middle mold is conveniently placed before mold matching at each time, the hollow part of the middle mold is just clamped on the raised mold matching surface part beside the mounting groove, so that the middle mold can be accurately positioned and placed at each time, the qualification rate of tire body manufacturing products is further improved, and the product quality is guaranteed;

(8) according to the manufacturing method of the one-time molding hollow shock-absorbing tire, the tire body of the molded integrated hollow structure can be directly obtained by injection vulcanization after one-time mold closing, then the coating process of the air-tight layer can be carried out through the opening structure, finally the adhesion effect of the air-tight layer is further strengthened through the low-temperature slow vulcanization step, and the sealing performance of the air-tight layer to the opening structure is strengthened, so that the whole process is simple, the production cost is reduced, the manufacturing time consumption is short, the production efficiency is high, and the manufactured tire body is integrally molded, so that the uniformity and the balance performance are high, the use experience is good, and the safety performance is high;

(9) according to the manufacturing method of the one-time molding hollow shock-absorbing tire, the mold cavity of the mold set is vacuumized to be convenient for the injection step, the rubber material can be injected to fill the mold cavity more easily, the temperature of the mold cavity is heated to 150-200 ℃, the rubber material injected into the mold cavity is ensured to have enough fluidity, and the rubber material cannot be adhered to the vicinity of an injection hole to influence the injection of the rubber material when meeting cold;

(10) the manufacturing method of the one-time molding hollow shock-absorbing tire ensures the sealing effect of the two-pair opening structure of the airtight layer and the adhesion effect of the reinforced airtight layer structure on the inner wall of the tire body by controlling reasonable slow vulcanization parameters.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a one-step-formed hollow shock-absorbing tire according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the one-shot hollow cushion tire of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of A in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of A in FIG. 2 of example 3;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of A in FIG. 2 of example 2;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a mold set for manufacturing a one-step-formed hollow cushion tire according to the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a mold set for manufacturing a one-step-formed hollow cushion tire according to the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of the middle mold of the mold set for manufacturing a one-step-formed hollow cushion tire according to the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a partially sectioned structure of a middle mold of a mold set for manufacturing a one-step-formed hollow cushion tire according to the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the lower mold structure of the mold set for manufacturing a one-step-formed hollow cushion tire according to the present invention

In the figure:

1. a carcass; 10. a cavity structure; 11. an open structure; 12. an airtight layer; 120. a first airtight layer; 121. a second airtight layer;

2. a die set; 20. a lower die; 200. a cavity; 201. mounting grooves; 21. a middle mold; 210. an inner cavity mold; 211. opening the mold; 22. and (4) an upper die.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described with reference to specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings.