阅读说明：本技术 吸波降噪材料、制备工艺以及用途 (Wave-absorbing noise-reducing material, preparation process and application ) 是由 黄平 于 2019-10-23 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明吸波降噪材料、制备方法以及用途,属于防护材料领域,目的是有效缩小空气冲击波、噪音的范围,降低冲击波及噪音。吸波降噪材料,由以下重量比的组分组成：胶结材料∶填料＝1∶1.5～13；发泡浆∶混合材料＝(0.8～1)∶1；混合材料由胶结材料和填料混合而成；其中,填料由以下重量比的组分组成：提钒尾渣∶膨胀珍珠岩∶玻璃微球＝(50～70)∶(15～25)∶(15～25)；提钒尾渣的粒径大于或者等于200目；膨胀珍珠岩的密度70～100kg/cm<Sup>3</Sup>,粒径1～3mm；玻璃微球的粒径15～135um。该吸波降噪材料采用特定的原料及配比,具有优良的弹塑性功能,提高了材料的稳定性和变形能量,具有优良的阻尼、减震、降低冲击波和噪音以及抗冲击性能。制备方法简单易行。(The invention discloses a wave-absorbing noise-reducing material, a preparation method and application, belongs to the field of protective materials, and aims to effectively narrow the range of air shock waves and noise and reduce the shock waves and the noise. The wave-absorbing noise-reducing material consists of the following components in percentage by weight: the cementing material and the filler are 1: 1.5-13; foaming slurry and mixed material are (0.8-1) to 1; the mixed material is formed by mixing a cementing material and a filler; wherein, the filler comprises the following components in percentage by weight: the vanadium extraction tailings, the expanded perlite and the glass microspheres are (50-70): (15-25): 15-25); the particle size of the vanadium extraction tailings is larger than or equal to 200 meshes; the density of the expanded perlite is 70-100 kg/cm 3 The particle size is 1-3 mm; the particle size of the glass microspheres is 15-135 um. The wave-absorbing noise reductionThe material adopts specific raw materials and proportion, has excellent elastic-plastic function, improves the stability and deformation energy of the material, and has excellent damping and shock absorption, shock wave and noise reduction and shock resistance. The preparation method is simple and easy to implement.)

1. The wave-absorbing noise-reducing material is characterized in that: the composition consists of the following components in percentage by weight:

1: 1.5-3 of cementing materials and fillers;

foaming slurry and mixed material are (0.8-1) to 1; the mixed material is formed by mixing a cementing material and a filler;

wherein the filler comprises the following components in parts by weight: the vanadium extraction tailings, the expanded perlite and the glass microspheres are (50-70): (15-25): 15-25); the particle size of the vanadium extraction tailings is larger than or equal to 200 meshes; the density of the expanded perlite is 70-100 kg/cm³The particle size is 1-3 mm; the particle size of the glass microspheres is 15-135 um.

2. The wave-absorbing noise-reducing material of claim 1, wherein: the cementing material comprises the following components in percentage by weight:

the weight ratio of the composite portland cement to the water glass is (4-5) to 1.

3. A wave-absorbing and noise-reducing material according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the filler comprises the following components in parts by weight: the ratio of the vanadium extraction tailings, the expanded perlite and the glass microspheres is 60: 20.

4. A wave-absorbing and noise-reducing material according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the foaming slurry comprises the following components in percentage by weight: sodium dodecyl sulfate and water account for 1% -2%.

5. A process for preparing a wave-absorbing and noise-reducing material according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein:

preparing a filler, a cementing material and foaming slurry;

and step two, uniformly mixing the filler and the cementing material according to the weight ratio of (1.5-3) to 1 to obtain a mixed material, and adding foaming slurry while stirring in the mixing process to obtain a buffer material, wherein the weight percentage of the foaming slurry to the mixed material is (0.8-1) to 1.

6. The preparation process of the wave-absorbing and noise-reducing material according to claim 5, characterized in that:

in the first step, the density is adjusted to 70-100 kg/cm³Swelling of 1 to 3mm in particle size20 parts of expanded perlite, and the density of the expanded perlite is 0.12-0.60 g/cm³Uniformly mixing 20 parts of glass microspheres with the particle size of 15-135 um and 60 parts of vanadium extraction tailings which pass through 200 meshes completely to obtain a filler;

uniformly mixing the composite portland cement and water glass according to the weight ratio of (4-5) to 1 to obtain a cementing material;

the sodium dodecyl sulfate and water are evenly mixed according to the weight percentage of 1 percent to 2 percent to obtain the foaming slurry.

7. The wave-absorbing and noise-reducing material of claim 1 or 2, applied to cast-in-place walls and prefabricated walls.

8. Use of the wave absorbing and noise reducing material of claim 1 or 2 in perforated tiles.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of protective materials, and particularly relates to a wave-absorbing noise-reducing material, a preparation process and application.

Background

The blasting technology is an engineering technology which utilizes the energy of explosive explosion to destroy the original structure of a certain object and adopts explosive package arrangement and an initiation method for realizing different engineering purposes. Such as open-air earth-rock blasting, underground blasting, special blasting, etc. Regardless of the type of blasting, harmful effects can be generated, mainly including explosive shock waves, explosive seismic waves, noise, toxic gases and the like, and the harmful effects are not well controlled, so that casualties, property loss, structural damage of buildings and the like can be caused. Among these harmful effects, especially the range of impact of the blast shock wave is large, and there is no effective technique for eliminating the blast shock wave at present. In the test site of civil explosion plant, the surrounding enclosing wall is often damaged by the blasting shock wave and even collapses. In order to avoid the damage of shock waves, waste mines, quarries and the like which are far away from the living places of cities and residents are selected in most explosive processing places (explosive forming, explosive welding, explosive hardening, high-speed die forging and the like) in China, and the surrounding animals, plants, people, facilities and equipment are affected even if the positions are far away.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a wave-absorbing noise-reducing material, which effectively reduces the range of air shock waves and noise, reduces shock waves and noise and controls harmful effects generated by explosion in a safe range.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the wave-absorbing noise-reducing material consists of the following components in percentage by weight:

1: 1.5-3 of cementing materials and fillers;

foaming slurry and mixed material are (0.8-1) to 1; the mixed material is formed by mixing a cementing material and a filler;

wherein the filler comprises the following components in parts by weight: the vanadium extraction tailings, the expanded perlite and the glass microspheres are (50-70): (15-25): 15-25); the particle size of the vanadium extraction tailings is larger than or equal to 200 meshes; the density of the expanded perlite is 70-100 kg/cm³The particle size is 1-3 mm; the particle size of the glass microspheres is 15-135 um.

Further, the cementing material consists of the following components in percentage by weight:

the weight ratio of the composite portland cement to the water glass is (4-5) to 1.

Further, the filler is composed of the following components in parts by weight: the ratio of the vanadium extraction tailings, the expanded perlite and the glass microspheres is 60: 20.

Further, the foaming slurry consists of the following components in percentage by weight: sodium dodecyl sulfate and water account for 1% -2%.

The preparation process of the wave-absorbing noise-reducing material,

preparing a filler, a cementing material and foaming slurry;

and step two, uniformly mixing the filler and the cementing material according to the weight ratio of (1.5-3) to 1 to obtain a mixed material, and adding foaming slurry in the mixing process to obtain a buffer material, wherein the weight percentage of the foaming slurry to the mixed material is (0.8-1) to 1.

Further, in the step one, the density is 70-100 kg/cm³20 parts of expanded perlite with the grain diameter of 1-3 mm and the density of 0.12-0.60 g/cm³Uniformly mixing 20 parts of glass microspheres with the particle size of 15-135 um and 60 parts of vanadium extraction tailings which pass through 200 meshes completely to obtain a filler;

uniformly mixing the composite portland cement and water glass according to the weight ratio of (4-5) to 1 to obtain a cementing material;

the sodium dodecyl sulfate and water are evenly mixed according to the weight percentage of 1 percent to 2 percent to obtain the foaming slurry.

The wave-absorbing noise-reducing material is applied to cast-in-place walls and prefabricated walls.

The wave-absorbing noise-reducing material is applied to the perforated brick.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

firstly, the wave-absorbing noise-reducing material prepared by adopting vanadium extraction tailings, expanded perlite and glass microspheres as fillers has excellent elastoplasticity function and good stability and deformation resistance; the damping and shock-absorbing material adopts specific raw materials and proportions, and has excellent damping, shock absorption, shock wave and noise reduction and shock resistance.

And then, the raw materials for forming the wave-absorbing and noise-reducing material have low cost, light weight and high cost performance.

Thirdly, the preparation process of the wave-absorbing noise-reducing material is simple.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

the wave-absorbing noise-reducing material consists of the following components in percentage by weight:

1: 1.5-3 of cementing materials and fillers;

foaming slurry and mixed material are (0.8-1) to 1; the mixed material is formed by mixing a cementing material and a filler;

wherein the vanadium extraction tailings, the expanded perlite, the glass microspheres are (50-70): (15-25): 15-25); the filler is at least one of vanadium extraction tailings, expanded perlite and glass microspheres; the particle size of the vanadium extraction tailings is larger than or equal to 200 meshes; the density of the expanded perlite is 70-100 kg/cm³The particle size is 1-3 mm; the particle size of the glass microspheres is 15-135 um.

In the invention, the expanded perlite is a porous material, which is not only a fluxing agent, but also a pore-forming agent. The glass microspheres are hollow closed spherical and powdery ultra-light filling materials, are tiny spheres, have large spherical rate, have the ball bearing effect, remarkably improve the fluidity and the impact resistance, and can enhance the surface hardness of the wave-absorbing and noise-reducing material.

The strength of the material can be enhanced by the vanadium extraction tailings. The main chemical components of the vanadium extraction tailings are as follows: (wt%)

Composition (I)	TFe	Ga	TiO2	V2O5	MnO	SiO2	Al2O3	CaO	MgO	Cr2O3
											Content (wt.)	37.97	0.008	12.90	2.08	7.84	16.32	3.72	2.5	3.57	2.24

The wave-absorbing noise-reducing material can be used for manufacturing perforated bricks, enclosing walls and explosion-proof towers.

The cementing material commonly used in the field is applicable to the invention, and preferably, the cementing material consists of the following components in percentage by weight: the weight ratio of the composite portland cement to the water glass is (4-5) to 1.

The filler can be prepared according to the conventional proportion in the field, and preferably, the filler consists of the following components in percentage by weight: the ratio of the vanadium extraction tailings, the expanded perlite and the glass microspheres is 60: 20.

The foaming agent commonly used in the art is suitable for the present invention as long as it can generate bubbles when mixed with water under stirring, and preferably, the foaming slurry is composed of the following components by weight percent: sodium dodecyl sulfate and water account for 1% -2%.

The sodium dodecyl sulfate is a surfactant, can reduce surface tension, stabilize foam, further reduce the volume weight of the wave-absorbing and noise-reducing material, improve the deformability of the wave-absorbing and noise-reducing material, and reduce the yield stress of the material. Adding sodium dodecyl sulfate into warm water at the temperature of 60-80 ℃ to obtain foaming slurry.

The preparation process of the wave-absorbing noise-reducing material,

preparing a filler, a cementing material and foaming slurry;

and step two, uniformly mixing the filler and the cementing material according to the weight ratio of (1.5-3) to 1 to obtain a mixed material, and adding foaming slurry while stirring in the mixing process to obtain a buffer material, wherein the weight percentage of the foaming slurry to the mixed material is (0.8-1) to 1.

The preparation process has simple steps and easy operation.

Preferably, in the step one, the density is 70-100 kg/cm³20 parts of expanded perlite with the grain diameter of 1-3 mm and the density of 0.12-0.60 g/cm³Uniformly mixing 20 parts of glass microspheres with the particle size of 15-135 um and 60 parts of vanadium extraction tailings which pass through 200 meshes completely to obtain a filler; uniformly mixing the composite portland cement and water glass according to the weight ratio of (4-5) to 1 to obtain a cementing material;

the sodium dodecyl sulfate and water are evenly mixed according to the weight percentage of 1 percent to 2 percent to obtain the foaming slurry.

The wave-absorbing noise-reducing material is applied to cast-in-place walls and prefabricated walls.

The wave-absorbing noise-reducing material is used for a cast-in-place wall or a masonry wall, and when the wave-absorbing noise-reducing material is used specifically, the wave-absorbing noise-reducing material prepared by the method is added into a corresponding template mold according to needs for casting and molding, and the template is removed after room temperature maintenance meets corresponding requirements.

The wave-absorbing noise-reducing material can also be used for preparing a porous brick, and during the specific operation, the wave-absorbing noise-reducing material prepared by the method is calcined at 850-1100 ℃ for 8 hours to prepare the porous brick, and the porous brick can be used for building enclosing walls for reducing explosion shock waves and noise.

The following examples are provided to further illustrate the embodiments of the present invention:

the newly-built test enclosure wall made of the wave-absorbing and noise-reducing material is adopted to carry out blasting test. The location of the enclosure is the original location of the enclosure destroyed by a certain explosive plant. The size of the newly-built test enclosure wall is the same as that of the damaged original enclosure wall, and the newly-built test enclosure wall is a circular enclosure wall, the diameter of the enclosure wall is 5 meters, the height of the enclosure wall is 3 meters, and the thickness of the enclosure wall is 37 millimeters. An avoiding chamber is arranged beside the enclosing wall, and when detonating, a tester stands in the avoiding chamber and carries earplugs.

Comparative example:

the original enclosing wall adopts a brick-concrete structure, the original maximum dose is 1kg, when the dose is excessive, the phenomena of slag falling and brick hanging of the enclosing wall occur, and the sound is still very large after the earplug is taken.