阅读说明：本技术 一种适合用于柴油机的abe/水/柴油混合燃料 (ABE/water/diesel oil mixed fuel suitable for diesel engine ) 是由 金超 耿振龙 张曦媛 刘海峰 马梦醒 于 2019-09-12 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种适合用于柴油机的ABE/水/柴油混合燃料,由丙酮-正丁醇-乙醇(A:B:E为3:6:1)、柴油和水组成。本发明提供的一种ABE/水/柴油混合燃料,通过ABE(3:6:1)调和柴油与水不互溶的特性,改善混合燃料的燃料特性,使混合燃料不仅保留了含氧燃料的优点,而且还降低了ABE(3:6:1)燃料回收的成本,从而实现该混合燃料在柴油机中的应用。因乙醇具有强吸水能力再结合调和剂ABE(3:6:1)的高氧含量,有利于降低燃烧过程中的污染物排放,且混合燃料中的所有组分均具有生物质能的背景,可再生且方便获得,在一定程度上能缓解能源危机。(The invention discloses an ABE/water/diesel oil mixed fuel suitable for a diesel engine, which consists of acetone-n-butanol-ethanol (A: B: E is 3:6:1), diesel oil and water. According to the ABE/water/diesel mixed fuel provided by the invention, the fuel property of the mixed fuel is improved by the characteristic that the ABE (3:6:1) is mixed with the diesel and water to be immiscible, so that the mixed fuel not only retains the advantages of the oxygenated fuel, but also reduces the cost for recovering the ABE (3:6:1) fuel, thereby realizing the application of the mixed fuel in a diesel engine. Because the ethanol has strong water absorption capacity and is combined with the high oxygen content of the blender ABE (3:6:1), the emission of pollutants in the combustion process is favorably reduced, and all components in the mixed fuel have the background of biomass energy, can be regenerated and conveniently obtained, and can relieve the energy crisis to a certain extent.)

1. An ABE/water/diesel blend fuel suitable for use in a diesel engine, characterized by consisting of the following volume fractions of the components: 1-10% of water, 9-89% of diesel oil and 10-84% of ABE;

the grade of the diesel oil is not more than-10 #;

the ABE fuel consists of the following components in volume fraction: 30% of acetone, 60% of n-butanol and 10% of ethanol; the mass percentage concentration of the acetone, the n-butanol and the ethanol is more than or equal to 99.5 percent.

2. The ABE/water/diesel hybrid fuel suitable for use in a diesel engine according to claim 1, wherein: the mixed fuel consists of the following components in volume fraction: 1% of water, 79% of diesel oil and 20% of ABE.

3. The ABE/water/diesel hybrid fuel suitable for use in a diesel engine according to claim 1, wherein: the mixed fuel consists of the following components in volume fraction: 6% of water, 30% of diesel oil and ABE 64%.

4. The ABE/water/diesel hybrid fuel suitable for use in a diesel engine according to claim 1, wherein: the mixed fuel consists of the following components in volume fraction: 10% of water, 10% of diesel oil and ABE 80%.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of renewable alternative energy sources of internal combustion engines, in particular to a novel mixed fuel suitable for diesel engines.

Background

In recent years, due to the shortage of fossil fuels, the continuous deterioration of global environment and the increasing demand for safety and diversity of energy have made the interest in developing clean and sustainable energy greatly increased. Renewable fuels such as biodiesel and biobutanol have attracted considerable attention because of their ability to be produced from biomass and their relatively low pollutant emission levels. Among them, the oxygen-containing fuel burns more fully and the emission is lower. A great deal of experiments have researched the emission and energy performance of diesel engines taking oxygen-containing compounds as fuel, wherein the oxygen-containing compounds comprise methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol, pentanol, ketones or ethers, and the like, and the oxygen-containing compounds have important significance for relieving the worldwide pressure of fossil energy, reducing the exhaust pollution of the engines and promoting the effective utilization of biomass energy by utilizing the renewable and low-emission performance of the oxygen-containing compounds.

Recently, acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) has received much attention as an intermediate product of biobutanol production because it can be used as an alternative fuel and it is possible to eliminate various production costs. For example, Zhou et al studied the combustion characteristics of ABE and diesel mixtures in a constant volume chamber. During ABE fermentation formation, the typical ratio of acetone, butanol and ethanol is 3:6:1, but this is adjustable to some extent. With the continuous development of molecular biology and related technical means, genetic engineering has been used to genetically modify bacterial strains, directly alter or optimize the genetic traits of the strains, and provide superior high-yielding strains for industrial production. Meanwhile, the fermentation product and the forming proportion thereof also change with the fermentation conditions such as pH, temperature, nutrient and the like. For example, Tashiro et al have studied a continuous acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) production system that has a high cell density and greatly improves the productivity of ABE. With the development of advanced ABE fermentation technology, the volume percentages of acetone, butanol and ethanol in the bio-solvent can be accurately controlled according to the change of the biofuel requirement. A typical ratio for using ABE fuel in the present invention is 3:6: 1.

Diesel fuel is consumed in large quantities in the world, i.e. it accounts for 60% of the total oil consumption. If ABE (3:6:1) can be blended with diesel and used in a diesel engine, the conventional oil consumption and carbon dioxide emissions will be reduced. However, few studies have systematically investigated the solubility between diesel fuel and ABE (3:6: 1). Meanwhile, ethanol has strong water absorption capacity, and ABE (3:6:1) is more hygroscopic than diesel oil. Thus, the ABE (3:6:1) and diesel blending systems can absorb water from ambient humidity if the tanks are not adequately sealed during storage and transportation, and excessive water concentrations can cause phase separation. To avoid phase separation, it is important to test the water capacity of the mixture of ABE (3:6:1) and diesel. At the same time, if ABE (3:6:1) could be used directly with diesel, it would save the cost of the separation process for each single component. Furthermore, if the mixture of ABE (3:6:1) and diesel can contain some water, energy savings can be achieved in the ABE (3:6:1) production process. This is of significant reference value for finding suitable alternative fuels for biological fermentation, storage and transportation of future fuel blends, and reducing the fuel recovery costs of the individual components of the fermentation process.

However, no reports relating to diesel/water/ABE (3:6:1) blended fuels are found in the current study.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an ABE/water/diesel mixed fuel suitable for a diesel engine, directly uses water-containing ABE (3:6:1) without distillation separation and water removal reaction, and saves the cost of each single component separation process and the energy consumption for water removal. The fuel retains the advantages of oxygen-containing fuel and is beneficial to reducing pollutant emission in the combustion process.

The invention provides an ABE/water/diesel mixed fuel suitable for a diesel engine, which consists of the following components in percentage by volume:

1-10% of water, 9-89% of diesel oil and 10-84% of ABE;

the grade of the diesel oil is not more than-10 #;

the ABE consists of the following components in volume fraction: 30% of acetone, 60% of n-butanol and 10% of ethanol; the mass percentage concentration of the acetone, the n-butanol and the ethanol is more than or equal to 99.5 percent.

The novel mixed fuel suitable for the diesel engine provided by the invention has the following advantages:

1. ABE (3:6:1) has a higher calorific value, cetane number and lower vapor pressure, and has a higher self-oxygen content. The ABE (3:6:1) can not only improve the integral cetane number of the mixed fuel, but also effectively reduce the pollution emission due to higher oxygen content. The ABE (3:6:1) is used as a blender to effectively solve the problem of water-immiscible diesel oil. The ABE (3:6:1) is used as a renewable energy source, has wide biomass energy sources, and the application of the ABE relieves the pressure caused by energy crisis and environmental pollution problems to a certain extent.

2. The water-containing ABE (3:6:1) is directly mixed with diesel oil for use, so that the separation cost of each single component in the biological fermentation process and the energy consumption for removing water are saved. ABE (3:6:1) is more hygroscopic than diesel, and therefore, water-containing ABE (3:6:1) is of significant reference value for future storage and transportation of blended fuels.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a graph of the mutual solubility of diesel/water/ABE (3:6:1) at 0 ℃ in different ratios;

FIG. 2 is a graph of the mutual solubility of diesel/water/ABE (3:6:1) at different ratios at 20 ℃;

FIG. 3 is a graph of the mutual solubility of diesel/water/ABE (3:6:1) at different ratios at 40 ℃;

FIG. 4 is a graph of the mutual solubility of diesel/water/ABE (3:6:1) at different ratios at 60 ℃.

Detailed Description

The following embodiments are provided to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

The invention provides an ABE/water/diesel mixed fuel suitable for a diesel engine, which consists of the following components in percentage by volume:

1-10% of water, 9-89% of diesel oil and 10-84% of ABE;

the diesel oil is commercially available diesel oil, and the grade of the diesel oil is not more than-10 #;

the ABE (3:6:1) is a mixture of acetone, n-butanol and ethanol. The ABE fuel consists of the following components in volume fraction: 30% of acetone, 60% of n-butanol and 10% of ethanol; the mass percentage concentration of the acetone, the n-butanol and the ethanol is more than or equal to 99.5 percent.

The preferable content of each component in volume fraction is as follows: 1% of water, 79% of diesel oil and 20% of ABE (3:6: 1); the advantage is that under the mixture ratio, the whole system approaches the performance of the traditional diesel fuel, including higher heat value and cetane number, higher oxygen content and lower vapor pressure.

The preferable content of each component in volume fraction is as follows: 6% of water, 30% of diesel oil and 64% of ABE (3:6: 1); under the condition of the proportion, all data of the whole fuel system are more average, and the price is relatively economic and reasonable.

The preferable content of each component in volume fraction is as follows: 10% of water, 10% of diesel oil and 80% of ABE (3:6: 1); under the mixture ratio, the oxygen content of the whole fuel system is higher.

The preparation method of the fuel comprises the following steps: weighing the components according to the volume ratio, adding ABE (3:6:1) into diesel oil to form a completely miscible mixed solution, then adding water into the mixed solution under stirring until the water capacity in the mixed solution reaches the maximum value, and avoiding the occurrence of layering or turbidity, thus obtaining the blended mixed fuel.

The kinematic viscosity of the novel mixed fuel containing ABE (3:6:1) and water provided by the invention is 1.52-3.23mm through testing²And/s, which satisfies the fuel viscosity range suitable for conventional diesel engines.

As can be seen from FIGS. 1-4, when the blending ratio of ABE (3:6:1) is between 10% and 90%, the diesel oil and ABE (3:6:1) can be well dissolved at 0-60 ℃, and the higher the temperature is, the more water is blended, i.e., the higher the temperature is, the larger the water capacity is. Meanwhile, as the blending ratio of ABE (3:6:1) is increased, the water capacity is increased. The mutual soluble areas in fig. 1-4 represent that the diesel oil/water/ABE (3:6:1) can be dissolved uniformly; the stratified region represents that the diesel oil/water/ABE (3:6:1) can not be mutually dissolved, and the phenomenon of delamination or turbidity can occur. The mixed fuel is recommended to be blended at 0-60 ℃, the grade of the used diesel oil is not more than-10 #, and the condition that the state of the mixed fuel is unstable and the uniformity of the mixed fuel is influenced due to the solidification of the diesel oil at 0 ℃ is avoided. The novel mixed fuel provided by the invention has good intersolubility with diesel oil/water/ABE (3:6:1), and the obtained mixed fuel is not layered after being stored for a long time.

Obviously, the respective diesel/water/ABE (3:6:1) ratios are required to satisfy the mutual solubility principle.