阅读说明：本技术 一种花生油萃取方法 (Peanut oil extraction method ) 是由 苏桥娄 李涵 孙志良 于 2019-09-04 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于食品加工技术领域,具体的说是一种花生油萃取方法,该萃取方法中采用的剥壳机包括去壳箱；去壳箱中转动连接有两个转轴,转轴位于去壳箱内部的部分套有辊子,辊子与转轴通过花键连接；辊子与一号皮带轮之间的转轴上套有一号环和二号环,一号环和二号环均与转轴转动连接,其中一号环与辊子固连,二号环与去壳箱固连；一号环和二号环接触,一号环与二号环的接触面为斜切面；本发明通过一号环与二号环的接触面的斜切面设置,带动二号环顶动一号环,使得辊子转动的同时沿转轴轴线方向往复运动,进而对花生壳挤压的同时进行搓动,进一步提高了辊子对花生壳的破碎效率。(The invention belongs to the technical field of food processing, and particularly relates to a peanut oil extraction method, wherein a husking machine adopted in the extraction method comprises a husking box; two rotating shafts are rotatably connected in the shelling box, a roller is sleeved on the part of the rotating shaft, which is positioned in the shelling box, and the roller is connected with the rotating shafts through splines; a first ring and a second ring are sleeved on a rotating shaft between the roller and the first belt pulley, the first ring and the second ring are rotatably connected with the rotating shaft, the first ring is fixedly connected with the roller, and the second ring is fixedly connected with the shelling box; the first ring is contacted with the second ring, and the contact surface of the first ring and the second ring is a chamfer surface; according to the invention, the oblique cutting plane of the contact surface of the first ring and the second ring drives the second ring to push the first ring, so that the roller rotates and reciprocates along the axis direction of the rotating shaft, and then the peanut shell is extruded and rubbed, and the crushing efficiency of the roller on the peanut shell is further improved.)

1. A peanut oil extraction method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:

s1: the picked fresh peanuts are manually sorted and screened, impurities and dirt adhered to the surfaces of the peanuts are screened out, and the peanuts are prevented from being polluted in the subsequent treatment process, so that the overall processing quality of the peanut oil is influenced;

s2: carrying out shelling treatment on the cleaned peanuts obtained in the step S1 in a sheller to obtain peanut kernels;

s3: mechanical squeezing: squeezing the peanut kernels in the S2 at low temperature by using a squeezer to obtain peanut crude oil and deoiled peanut meal;

s4: preparing protease hydrolysate: taking 100 parts of peanut meal, adding 500-2000 parts of purified water, adding 1-5 parts of protease, carrying out heat preservation and stirring at 30-55 ℃, carrying out enzymolysis for 1-4 h, and maintaining at 90 ℃ for 20min to inactivate enzyme, thereby obtaining a protease hydrolysate;

s5: thermal reaction: adding 100 parts of protein enzymolysis liquid, 2-8 parts of mixed amino acid and 5-10 parts of reducing sugar into a thermal reaction container, and carrying out closed reaction at 95-100 ℃ for 1-5 h; the mixed amino acid is a mixture consisting of L-alanine, L-cysteine, L-proline, L-arginine and L-histidine; the reducing sugar is glucose, fructose or xylose;

s6: preparing peanut oil: communicating a thermal reaction container with a condensing device, communicating the condensing device with an extracting device, and communicating the extracting device with the thermal reaction container to form a loop; adding water and peanut crude oil into the extraction device to form a water-oil two-phase system; continuously heating the hot reaction solution to boil, condensing steam generated by boiling by a condensing device, then feeding the steam into an extraction device, sequentially passing through an oil phase and a water phase, and finally refluxing to a hot reaction container to form circulation; the circulation is maintained for 0.5 to 3 hours; after circulation is finished, water and peanut oil in the extraction device are taken out for oil-water separation, and pure peanut oil can be obtained after separation;

the husking machine adopted by the invention comprises a husking box (1); the top of the shelling box (1) is provided with a feed hopper (11), and the lower part of the shelling box (1) is provided with a discharge hopper (12); two rotating shafts (2) are rotatably connected in the shell removing box (1), and a first belt pulley (21) is arranged at one end of each rotating shaft (2) extending out of the shell removing box (1); the bottom of the de-shell box (1) is also provided with an air box (3), a fan blade (31) is connected in the air box (3) in a rotating manner, and one end of a rotating shaft of the fan blade (31) is fixedly connected with a second belt pulley (15); a first air outlet pipe (32) arranged on the air box (3) is communicated with the discharge hopper (12); an air outlet (16) is formed in one side, far away from the first air outlet pipe (32), of the discharge hopper (12); one side of the shelling box (1) is fixedly connected with a motor (17), the motor (17) is connected with a power supply through a controller, and an output shaft of the motor (17) fixedly drives a first belt pulley (21) and a second belt pulley (15) to rotate through a belt; the roller (22) is sleeved on the part, located inside the peanut shelling box (1), of the rotating shaft (2), the roller (22) is connected with the rotating shaft (2) through a spline, and peanut shells can be smashed when the roller (22) rotates; a first ring (23) and a second ring (24) are sleeved on the rotating shaft (2) between the roller (22) and the first belt pulley (21), the first ring (23) and the second ring (24) are rotatably connected with the rotating shaft (2), the first ring (23) is fixedly connected with the roller (22), and the second ring (24) is fixedly connected with the shell removing box (1); the first ring (23) is in contact with the second ring (24), the contact surface of the first ring (23) and the second ring (24) is a chamfer surface, and the second ring (24) pushes the first ring (23) to reciprocate along the axis direction of the rotating shaft (2) when the first ring (23) and the second ring (24) rotate relatively; the roller (22) is driven by the first ring (23), so that the roller (22) rotates and reciprocates along the axial direction of the rotating shaft (2), the peanut shell is further rubbed, and the crushing efficiency of the peanut shell is further increased.

2. The peanut oil extraction process of claim 1, wherein: a sliding column (5) is arranged at one end of the rotating shaft (2) far away from the first belt pulley (21); a sliding hole (25) arranged in the roller (22) is connected with the sliding column (5) in a sliding way; a spring is arranged between the sliding column (5) and the bottom of the sliding hole (25); the surface of the roller (22) is provided with a groove for extruding peanut shells; the vent hole (26) formed in the bottom of the sliding hole (25) is communicated with the groove, a one-way valve is arranged in the vent hole (26), and the vent hole (26) sprays gas to clean peanut shell residues in the groove.

3. The peanut oil extraction process of claim 2, wherein: the periphery of the roller (22) is sleeved with a rubber sleeve (27), and a sealing cavity (28) is formed between the rubber sleeve (27) and the roller (22); a row rod (29) is connected in the sealing cavity (28) in a sliding manner, and one side of the row rod (29) close to the rubber sleeve (27) is uniformly provided with a group of bulges (30); one end of the row rod (29) close to the sliding column (5) extends out of the sealing cavity (28) and then is fixedly connected with the sliding column (5).

4. The peanut oil extraction process of claim 3, wherein: a group of micropores (4) are uniformly formed in the rubber sleeve (27), and the diameter of each micropore (4) is 0.2 mm.

5. The peanut oil extraction process of claim 1, wherein: the discharge hopper (12) above the first air outlet pipe (32) is provided with an arc-shaped part (18), and the arc-shaped part (18) is used for increasing the horizontal movement speed of peanut kernels and peanut shells and increasing the separation efficiency of the peanut kernels and the peanut shells.

6. The peanut oil extraction process of claim 5, wherein: a second air outlet pipe (33) is arranged below the first air outlet pipe (32), the cross section of the second air outlet pipe (33) is horn-shaped, and an opening at one end, close to the air box (3), of the second air outlet pipe (33) is larger; a separation pipe (19) is arranged on the discharge hopper (12) below the second air outlet pipe (33), and the separation pipe (19) is used for separating the peanut kernels with lighter weight, so that the utilization rate of the peanut kernels is increased.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of food processing, and particularly relates to a peanut oil extraction method.

Background

Peanuts, which are well known and commonly used food products rich in oil, are grown and widely used throughout the world. It contains protein, fat, saccharide, vitamins A, B2, B6, D, E, K, calcium, phosphorus, iron and other minerals, 8 kinds of amino acids and unsaturated fatty acids essential for human body, lecithin, choline, carotene, coarse fiber and other matters. Wherein the fat content is 44% -51%, the protein content is 24% -36%, and the sugar content is about 20%. Therefore, the peanut has abundant nutrition and functional components, and has various health care functions of promoting the development of human brain cells, enhancing memory, improving and protecting heart and cerebral vessels and the like.

The peanut oil is light yellow and transparent, has clear color and luster, fragrant smell and delicious taste, and is edible oil which is easier to digest. Edible peanut oil has a long history in China. The current extraction methods of peanut oil in China comprise a squeezing method and a leaching method. The squeezing method is an extraction method for squeezing the oil from the oil by the action of mechanical external force, and has the advantages of simple process, strong adaptability to oil varieties, flexible production and the like; however, the pressing method has the defects of high residual oil content of the pressed cake, high power consumption in the pressing process, easy abrasion of parts such as pressing strips and the like, easy denaturation of oil and fat and the like.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a peanut oil extraction method, which aims to make up for the defects of the prior art and solve the problems of high residual oil content of pressed cake, high power consumption in the pressing process, easy abrasion of parts such as pressing strips and the like, easy denaturation of oil and fat and the like in a peanut oil pressing method.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the invention relates to a peanut oil extraction method, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:

s1: the picked fresh peanuts are manually sorted and screened, impurities and dirt adhered to the surfaces of the peanuts are screened out, and the peanuts are prevented from being polluted in the subsequent treatment process, so that the overall processing quality of the peanut oil is influenced;

s2: carrying out shelling treatment on the cleaned peanuts obtained in the step S1 in a sheller to obtain peanut kernels;

s3: mechanical squeezing: squeezing the peanut kernels in the S2 at low temperature by using a squeezer to obtain peanut crude oil and deoiled peanut meal;

s4: preparing protease hydrolysate: taking 100 parts of peanut meal, adding 500-2000 parts of purified water, adding 1-5 parts of protease, carrying out heat preservation and stirring at 30-55 ℃, carrying out enzymolysis for 1-4 h, and maintaining at 90 ℃ for 20min to inactivate enzyme, thereby obtaining a protease hydrolysate;

s5: thermal reaction: adding 100 parts of protein enzymolysis liquid, 2-8 parts of mixed amino acid and 5-10 parts of reducing sugar into a thermal reaction container, and carrying out closed reaction at 95-100 ℃ for 1-5 h; the mixed amino acid is a mixture consisting of L-alanine, L-cysteine, L-proline, L-arginine and L-histidine; the reducing sugar is glucose, fructose or xylose;

s6: preparing peanut oil: communicating a thermal reaction container with a condensing device, communicating the condensing device with an extracting device, and communicating the extracting device with the thermal reaction container to form a loop; adding water and peanut crude oil into the extraction device to form a water-oil two-phase system; continuously heating the hot reaction solution to boil, condensing steam generated by boiling by a condensing device, then feeding the steam into an extraction device, sequentially passing through an oil phase and a water phase, and finally refluxing to a hot reaction container to form circulation; the circulation is maintained for 0.5 to 3 hours; after circulation is finished, water and peanut oil in the extraction device are taken out for oil-water separation, and pure peanut oil can be obtained after separation;

the husking machine adopted by the invention comprises a husking box; the top of the shelling box is provided with a feed hopper, and the lower part of the shelling box is provided with a discharge hopper; two rotating shafts are rotatably connected in the shelling box, and a first belt pulley is arranged at one end of each rotating shaft extending out of the shelling box; the bottom of the de-shell box is also provided with an air box, a fan blade is connected in the air box in a rotating manner, and one end of a rotating shaft of the fan blade is fixedly connected with a second belt pulley; a first air outlet pipe arranged on the air box is communicated with the discharge hopper; an air outlet is formed in one side, away from the first air outlet pipe, of the discharge hopper; one side of the shelling box is fixedly connected with a motor, the motor is connected with a power supply through a controller, and an output shaft of the motor fixedly drives a first belt pulley and a second belt pulley to rotate through a belt; the roller is sleeved on the part of the rotating shaft, which is positioned in the shelling box, and is connected with the rotating shaft through a spline, so that the peanut shells can be smashed when the roller rotates; a first ring and a second ring are sleeved on a rotating shaft between the roller and the first belt pulley, the first ring and the second ring are rotatably connected with the rotating shaft, the first ring is fixedly connected with the roller, and the second ring is fixedly connected with the shelling box; the first ring is in contact with the second ring, the contact surface of the first ring and the second ring is an oblique cutting surface, and the second ring pushes the first ring to reciprocate along the axis direction of the rotating shaft when the first ring and the second ring rotate relatively; the first belt drives the roller to rotate and reciprocate along the axial direction of the rotating shaft, so that the peanut shell is rubbed, and the crushing efficiency of the peanut shell is further improved; when in use, peanuts with shells are put into a feed hopper, a motor is turned on by a controller, an output shaft of the motor drives a first belt pulley and a second belt pulley to rotate through a belt, the first belt pulley drives a rotating shaft and a roller to rotate, the peanut shells of the peanuts flowing down from the feed hopper are extruded when the roller rotates, the crushed peanut shells are separated from peanut kernels, the second ring is fixedly connected with a shelling box, the first ring is fixedly connected with a roller, when the roller rotates, the second ring pushes the first ring, the roller rotates and reciprocates along the axial direction of the rotating shaft, the peanut shells are further rubbed while being extruded, the crushing efficiency of the peanut shells by the roller is further improved, when the crushed peanut shells and the peanut kernels fall from the shelling box together, the motor drives the second belt pulley to drive fan blades to generate rapid air flow when the fan blades rotate in the air box, the quick airflow blows out the peanut shells falling from the discharge hopper from the air outlet after being blown out through the first air outlet pipe, so that the peanut shells are separated from the peanut kernels, the separated peanut kernels fall from the discharge hopper and then are collected, and the next step of operation is carried out.

Preferably, one end of the rotating shaft, which is far away from the first belt pulley, is provided with a sliding column; a sliding hole arranged in the roller is connected with the sliding column in a sliding manner; a spring is arranged between the sliding column and the bottom of the sliding hole; the surface of the roller is provided with a groove for extruding peanut shells; the bottom of the sliding hole is provided with a vent hole communicated with the groove, a one-way valve is arranged in the vent hole, and gas sprayed from the vent hole cleans peanut shell residues in the groove; when the roller is driven by the first ring to reciprocate along the axis direction of the rotating shaft, the sliding column slides back and forth in the sliding hole, the sliding column extrudes air in the sliding hole to form compressed air, and after the compressed air is sprayed out of the vent hole, the groove on the surface of the roller is cleaned, so that broken peanut shells are prevented from being filled in the groove, and the breaking efficiency of the roller on the peanut shells is reduced.

Preferably, the periphery of the roller is sleeved with a rubber sleeve, and a sealing cavity is formed between the rubber sleeve and the roller; a row rod is connected in the sealing cavity in a sliding manner, and one side of the row rod, which is close to the rubber sleeve, is uniformly provided with a group of bulges; one end of the row rod close to the sliding column extends out of the sealing cavity and is fixedly connected with the sliding column; through the flexible contact of rubber sleeve and peanut shell, reduce the broken probability of peanut benevolence for the peanut benevolence keeps intact, simultaneously because the relative roller relative motion of traveller for the row pole reciprocating motion in the sealed chamber that links firmly with the traveller, row pole drive arch rubs at the rubber sleeve inner wall round trip to move, has further increased the efficiency of rubbing of rubber sleeve to the peanut shell, further increases the crushing efficiency of peanut shell.

Preferably, a group of micropores with the diameter of 0.2mm are uniformly formed on the rubber sleeve; the sealing cavity is communicated with the vent hole; compressed gas generated in the slide hole is introduced into the sealing cavity through the vent hole, elasticity of the rubber sleeve is further increased, wrapping and kneading efficiency of the rubber sleeve and the peanut shell is further increased, and meanwhile after the sealing cavity is filled with gas, due to the fact that the peanut shell extrudes the rubber sleeve, air in the sealing cavity is intermittently discharged from the micropores, the rubber sleeve vibrates, and crushing efficiency of the peanut shell is further increased.

Preferably, the discharge hopper above the first air outlet pipe is provided with an arc-shaped part, and the arc-shaped part is used for increasing the horizontal movement speed of the peanut kernels and the peanut shells and increasing the separation efficiency of the peanut kernels and the peanut shells; when the peanut shells fall down from the shelling box together with the peanut kernels after being crushed, the initial horizontal speed of the peanut shells and the peanut kernels is increased when the peanut shells pass through the arc-shaped part, and the separation efficiency of the peanut shells and the peanut kernels is further increased by matching with the quick airflow blown out from the first air outlet pipe, so that the air output of the air box is saved, and the energy is saved.

Preferably, a second air outlet pipe is arranged below the first air outlet pipe, the cross section of the second air outlet pipe is in a horn shape, and an opening at one end, close to the air box, of the second air outlet pipe is larger; a separation pipe is arranged on the discharge hopper below the second air outlet pipe and used for separating the peanut kernels with lighter weight, so that the utilization rate of the peanut kernels is increased; a part of air flow blown out of the air box flows into the second air outlet pipe, the cross section of the second air outlet pipe is in a horn shape, an opening at one end, close to the air box, of the second air outlet pipe is large, the air flow speed is further accelerated when the air flow is blown out of the second air outlet pipe, peanut kernels with light weight in peanut kernels are blown to the discharge hopper, peanut kernels with heavy weight in peanut kernels flow out of the separation pipe, the general appearance of the peanut kernels with large weight is full, the quality of the peanut kernels is good, the peanut kernels can be further processed into bagged finished products for sale, the economic value is improved, the peanut kernels with light weight are used for refining peanut oil, resources are fully utilized, and benefits are improved.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. according to the peanut oil extraction method, the oblique cutting plane of the contact surface of the first ring and the second ring drives the second ring to jack the first ring, so that the roller rotates and reciprocates along the axis direction of the rotating shaft, the peanut shells are further extruded and rubbed, and the peanut shell crushing efficiency of the roller is further improved.

2. According to the peanut oil extraction method, the sliding column slides back and forth in the sliding hole, the sliding column extrudes air in the sliding hole to form compressed gas, and after the compressed gas is sprayed out of the vent hole, the groove in the surface of the roller is cleaned, so that broken peanut shells are prevented from being filled in the groove, and the breaking efficiency of the roller on the peanut shells is reduced.

Drawings

The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a decorticator used in the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a decorticator as used in the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a view from the direction A of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a partial enlarged view of FIG. 4 at B;

in the figure: the device comprises a shell removing box 1, a feed hopper 11, a discharge hopper 12, a rotating shaft 2, a first belt pulley 21, an air box 3, a fan blade 31, a second belt pulley 15, a first air outlet pipe 32, an air outlet 16, a motor 17, a roller 22, a first ring 23, a second ring 24, a sliding column 5, a sliding hole 25, an air vent 26, a rubber sleeve 27, a sealing cavity 28, a row rod 29, a protrusion 30, a micropore 4, an arc part 18, a second air outlet pipe 33 and a separating pipe 19.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.

As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the peanut oil extraction method of the invention is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

s1: the picked fresh peanuts are manually sorted and screened, impurities and dirt adhered to the surfaces of the peanuts are screened out, and the peanuts are prevented from being polluted in the subsequent treatment process, so that the overall processing quality of the peanut oil is influenced;

s2: carrying out shelling treatment on the cleaned peanuts obtained in the step S1 in a sheller to obtain peanut kernels;

s3: mechanical squeezing: squeezing the peanut kernels in the S2 at low temperature by using a squeezer to obtain peanut crude oil and deoiled peanut meal;

s4: preparing protease hydrolysate: taking 100 parts of peanut meal, adding 500-2000 parts of purified water, adding 1-5 parts of protease, carrying out heat preservation and stirring at 30-55 ℃, carrying out enzymolysis for 1-4 h, and maintaining at 90 ℃ for 20min to inactivate enzyme, thereby obtaining a protease hydrolysate;

s5: thermal reaction: adding 100 parts of protein enzymolysis liquid, 2-8 parts of mixed amino acid and 5-10 parts of reducing sugar into a thermal reaction container, and carrying out closed reaction at 95-100 ℃ for 1-5 h; the mixed amino acid is a mixture consisting of L-alanine, L-cysteine, L-proline, L-arginine and L-histidine; the reducing sugar is glucose, fructose or xylose;

s6: preparing peanut oil: communicating a thermal reaction container with a condensing device, communicating the condensing device with an extracting device, and communicating the extracting device with the thermal reaction container to form a loop; adding water and peanut crude oil into the extraction device to form a water-oil two-phase system; continuously heating the hot reaction solution to boil, condensing steam generated by boiling by a condensing device, then feeding the steam into an extraction device, sequentially passing through an oil phase and a water phase, and finally refluxing to a hot reaction container to form circulation; the circulation is maintained for 0.5 to 3 hours; after circulation is finished, water and peanut oil in the extraction device are taken out for oil-water separation, and pure peanut oil can be obtained after separation;

the husking machine adopted by the invention comprises a husking box 1; the top of the shelling box 1 is provided with a feed hopper 11, and the lower part of the shelling box 1 is provided with a discharge hopper 12; two rotating shafts 2 are rotatably connected in the shell removing box 1, and a first belt pulley 21 is arranged at one end of each rotating shaft 2 extending out of the shell removing box 1; the bottom of the de-shell box 1 is also provided with an air box 3, a fan blade 31 is rotatably connected in the air box 3, and one end of a rotating shaft of the fan blade 31 is fixedly connected with a second belt pulley 15; a first air outlet pipe 32 arranged on the air box 3 is communicated with the discharge hopper 12; an air outlet 16 is formed in one side of the discharge hopper 12, which is far away from the first air outlet pipe 32; one side of the shelling box 1 is fixedly connected with a motor 17, the motor 17 is connected with a power supply through a controller, and an output shaft of the motor 17 fixedly drives a first belt pulley 21 and a second belt pulley 15 to rotate through a belt; the roller 22 is sleeved on the part of the rotating shaft 2, which is positioned in the shelling box 1, the roller 22 is connected with the rotating shaft 2 through a spline, and the peanut shells can be smashed when the roller 22 rotates; a first ring 23 and a second ring 24 are sleeved on the rotating shaft 2 between the roller 22 and the first belt pulley 21, the first ring 23 and the second ring 24 are rotatably connected with the rotating shaft 2, wherein the first ring 23 is fixedly connected with the roller 22, and the second ring 24 is fixedly connected with the shell removing box 1; the first ring 23 is contacted with the second ring 24, the contact surface of the first ring 23 and the second ring 24 is an oblique cutting surface, and the second ring 24 pushes the first ring 23 to reciprocate along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 2 when the first ring 23 and the second ring 24 rotate relatively; the first ring 23 drives the roller 22, so that the roller 22 rotates and reciprocates along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 2, and then the peanut shells are rubbed, and the crushing efficiency of the peanut shells is further increased; when the peanut shell crusher is used, peanuts with shells are placed into the feed hopper 11, the motor 17 is turned on through the controller, an output shaft of the motor 17 drives the first belt pulley 21 and the second belt pulley 15 to rotate through the belt, the first belt pulley 21 drives the rotating shaft 2 and the roller 22 to rotate, the roller 22 extrudes peanut shells flowing down from the feed hopper 11 when rotating, the peanut shells are separated from peanut kernels after being crushed, the first ring 23 is fixedly connected with the shelling box 1, the second ring 24 pushes the first ring 23 when the roller 22 rotates, the roller 22 is driven to rotate and reciprocate along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 2, the peanut shells are further extruded and simultaneously rubbed, the crushing efficiency of the roller 22 on the peanut shells is further improved, when the peanut shells are crushed and fall from the shelling box 1 together with the peanut kernels, the motor 17 drives the second belt pulley 15 to drive the fan blades 31 to rotate in the air box 3 to generate rapid air flow, the quick airflow blows out the peanut shells falling from the discharge hopper 12 from the air outlet 16 after being blown out through the first air outlet pipe 32, so that the peanut shells and the peanut kernels are separated, the separated peanut kernels fall from the discharge hopper 12 and then are collected, and the next step of operation is carried out.

As an embodiment of the invention, one end of the rotating shaft 2, which is far away from the first belt pulley 21, is provided with a sliding column 5; a sliding hole 25 arranged in the roller 22 is connected with the sliding column 5 in a sliding way; a spring is arranged between the sliding column 5 and the bottom of the sliding hole 25; the surface of the roller 22 is provided with a groove for extruding peanut shells; a vent hole 26 formed in the bottom of the sliding hole 25 is communicated with the groove, a one-way valve is arranged in the vent hole 26, and gas is sprayed out of the vent hole 26 to clean peanut shell residues in the groove; when the roller 22 is driven by the first ring 23 to reciprocate along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 2, the sliding column 5 slides back and forth in the sliding hole 25, the sliding column 5 extrudes air in the sliding hole 25 to form compressed air, and after the compressed air is sprayed out from the vent hole 26, the groove on the surface of the roller 22 is cleaned, so that the crushed peanut shells are prevented from being filled in the groove, and the crushing efficiency of the roller 22 on the peanut shells is reduced.

As an embodiment of the invention, the roller 22 is sleeved with a rubber sleeve 27 at the periphery, and a sealed cavity 28 is formed between the rubber sleeve 27 and the roller 22; a row rod 29 is connected in the sealing cavity 28 in a sliding manner, and one side of the row rod 29 close to the rubber sleeve 27 is uniformly provided with a group of bulges 30; one end of the row rod 29 close to the sliding column 5 extends out of the sealing cavity 28 and then is fixedly connected with the sliding column 5; through the flexible contact of rubber sleeve 27 and peanut shell, reduce the broken probability of peanut benevolence for the peanut benevolence keeps intact, simultaneously because the relative motion of traveller 5 relative roller 22 for the row's pole 29 that links firmly with traveller 5 reciprocating motion in sealed chamber 28, row's pole 29 drives arch 30 and rubs at rubber sleeve 27 inner wall round trip, has further increased the efficiency of rubbing of rubber sleeve 27 to the peanut shell, further increases the broken efficiency of peanut shell.

As an embodiment of the present invention, a group of micropores 4 are uniformly formed on the rubber sleeve 27, and the diameter of the micropores 4 is 0.2 mm; the sealed cavity 28 is communicated with the vent hole 26; compressed gas generated in the sliding hole 25 is introduced into the sealing cavity 28 through the vent hole 26, so that the elasticity of the rubber sleeve 27 is further increased, the wrapping and kneading efficiency of the rubber sleeve 27 and the peanut shell is further increased, and meanwhile, after the sealing cavity 28 is filled with gas, due to the fact that the peanut shell extrudes the rubber sleeve 27, air in the sealing cavity 28 is intermittently discharged from the micropores 4, so that the rubber sleeve 27 vibrates, and the crushing efficiency of the peanut shell is further increased.

As an embodiment of the present invention, the discharge hopper 12 above the first air outlet pipe 32 is provided with an arc-shaped portion 18, and the arc-shaped portion 18 is used for increasing the horizontal movement speed of the peanut kernels and the peanut shells and increasing the separation efficiency of the peanut kernels and the peanut shells; when the peanut shells fall from the shelling box 1 together with the peanut kernels after being crushed, the initial horizontal speed of the peanut shells and the peanut kernels is increased when the peanut shells pass through the arc-shaped part 18, and the separation efficiency of the peanut shells and the peanut kernels is further increased by matching with the rapid airflow blown out from the first air outlet pipe 32, so that the air output of the air box 3 is saved, and the energy is saved.

As an embodiment of the present invention, a second air outlet pipe 33 is arranged below the first air outlet pipe 32, the cross section of the second air outlet pipe 33 is trumpet-shaped, and an opening of one end of the second air outlet pipe 33 close to the air box 3 is larger; a separation pipe 19 is arranged on the discharge hopper 12 below the second air outlet pipe 33, and the separation pipe 19 is used for separating the peanut kernels with lighter weight, so that the utilization rate of the peanut kernels is increased; a part of air flow blown out of the air box 3 flows into the second air outlet pipe 33, because the cross section of the second air outlet pipe 33 is horn-shaped, an opening at one end, close to the air box 3, of the second air outlet pipe 33 is large, the air flow speed is further accelerated when blown out of the second air outlet pipe 33, light peanut kernels in the peanut kernels are blown to the discharge hopper 12, heavy peanut kernels in the peanut kernels flow out of the separation pipe 19, the peanut kernels with large weight are generally full in appearance and good in quality, and can be further processed into bagged finished products for sale, so that the economic value is improved, the peanut kernels with light weight are used for refining peanut oil, resources are fully utilized, and the benefit is improved.

When the peanut shell crusher is used, peanuts with shells are placed into the feed hopper 11, the motor 17 is turned on through the controller, the output shaft of the motor 17 drives the first belt pulley 21 and the second belt pulley 15 to rotate through the belt, the first belt pulley 21 drives the rotating shaft 2 and the roller 22 to rotate, the peanut shells of peanuts flowing down from the feed hopper 11 are extruded when the roller 22 rotates, the crushed peanut shells are separated from peanut kernels, the first ring 23 is fixedly connected with the shelling box 1 due to the fact that the second ring 24 is fixedly connected with the roller, when the roller 22 rotates, the second ring 24 pushes the first ring 23 to further drive the roller 22 to rotate and to reciprocate along the axis direction of the rotating shaft 2, the peanut shells are further extruded and simultaneously rubbed, the crushing efficiency of the peanut shells by the roller 22 is further improved, when the peanut shells and the peanut kernels fall from the shelling box 1 after being crushed, the motor 17 drives the second belt pulley 15 to further drive the fan blades 31 to rotate in the air box 3 to generate rapid airflow, after the quick airflow is blown out through the first air outlet pipe 32, the peanut shells falling off from the discharge hopper 12 are blown out from the air outlet 16, so that the peanut shells and the peanut kernels are separated, the separated peanut kernels fall from the discharge hopper 12 and then are collected, and the next step of operation is carried out; when the roller 22 is driven by the first ring 23 to reciprocate along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 2, the sliding column 5 slides back and forth in the sliding hole 25, the sliding column 5 extrudes air in the sliding hole 25 to form compressed gas, and after the compressed gas is sprayed out from the vent hole 26, the groove on the surface of the roller 22 is cleaned, so that the crushed peanut shells are prevented from being filled in the groove, and the crushing efficiency of the roller 22 on the peanut shells is reduced; the crushing probability of the peanut kernels is reduced through the flexible contact of the rubber sleeve 27 and the peanut shell, so that the peanut kernels are kept complete, meanwhile, the slide column 5 moves relative to the roller 22, so that the row rod 29 fixedly connected with the slide column 5 moves in a reciprocating mode in the sealed cavity 28, the row rod 29 drives the protrusion 30 to rub back and forth on the inner wall of the rubber sleeve 27, the rubbing efficiency of the rubber sleeve 27 on the peanut shell is further increased, and the crushing efficiency of the peanut shell is further increased; compressed gas generated in the sliding hole 25 is introduced into the sealing cavity 28 through the vent hole 26, so that the elasticity of the rubber sleeve 27 is further increased, the wrapping and kneading efficiency of the rubber sleeve 27 and the peanut shell is further increased, and meanwhile, after the sealing cavity 28 is filled with gas, due to the extrusion of the peanut shell on the rubber sleeve 27, air in the sealing cavity 28 is intermittently discharged from the micropores 4, so that the rubber sleeve 27 vibrates, and the crushing efficiency of the peanut shell is further increased; when the peanut shells and the peanut kernels fall from the shelling box 1 together after being crushed, the initial horizontal speed of the peanut shells and the peanut kernels is increased when the peanut shells and the peanut kernels pass through the arc-shaped part 18, and the separation efficiency of the peanut shells and the peanut kernels is further increased by matching with the rapid airflow blown out from the first air outlet pipe 32, so that the air output of the air box 3 is saved, and the energy is saved; a part of air flow blown out of the air box 3 flows into the second air outlet pipe 33, because the cross section of the second air outlet pipe 33 is horn-shaped, an opening at one end, close to the air box 3, of the second air outlet pipe 33 is large, the air flow speed is further accelerated when blown out of the second air outlet pipe 33, light peanut kernels in the peanut kernels are blown to the discharge hopper 12, heavy peanut kernels in the peanut kernels flow out of the separation pipe 19, the peanut kernels with large weight are generally full in appearance and good in quality, and can be further processed into bagged finished products for sale, so that the economic value is improved, the peanut kernels with light weight are used for refining peanut oil, resources are fully utilized, and the benefit is improved.

The front, the back, the left, the right, the upper and the lower are all based on the figure 2 in the attached drawings of the specification, according to the standard of the observation angle of a person, the side of the device facing an observer is defined as the front, the left side of the observer is defined as the left, and the like.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.

The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.