阅读说明：本技术 一种永磁激励的磁流变过载安全防护多层多盘式联轴器 (Permanent magnet excited magnetorheological overload safety protection multilayer multi-disc type coupling ) 是由 叶绪丹 王炅 于 2019-08-19 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种永磁激励的磁流变过载安全防护多层多盘式联轴器,包括主动轴、左端盖、外磁铁组、外主动盘、壳体、右端盖、外从动盘、内从动盘、内主动盘、滚动轴承、从动轴、主动转子、内磁铁组、磁流变脂、隔离套、从动转子；主动轴与主动转子固连,从动轴通过滚动轴承与右端盖联接；左端盖、从动转子和右端盖上分别开有环形凹槽,将磁体组分别安装在环形凹槽内,外主动盘和内主动盘分别固定在主动转子和壳体上；外从动盘和内从动盘固定在从动转子上；左端盖、壳体、右端盖、主动转子、从动转子之间形成腔室,磁流变脂充满于该腔室中,并通过隔离套密封。本发明无需使用外界电源供能,采用多层多盘形式,结构紧凑,操作方便,成本低。(The invention discloses a magneto-rheological overload safety protection multilayer multi-disc type coupling excited by permanent magnets, which comprises a driving shaft, a left end cover, an outer magnet set, an outer driving disc, a shell, a right end cover, an outer driven disc, an inner driving disc, a rolling bearing, a driven shaft, a driving rotor, an inner magnet set, magneto-rheological grease, an isolation sleeve and a driven rotor, wherein the left end cover is connected with the left end cover; the driving shaft is fixedly connected with the driving rotor, and the driven shaft is connected with the right end cover through a rolling bearing; the left end cover, the driven rotor and the right end cover are respectively provided with an annular groove, the magnet groups are respectively arranged in the annular grooves, and the outer driving disk and the inner driving disk are respectively fixed on the driving rotor and the shell; the outer driven disc and the inner driven disc are fixed on the driven rotor; and a cavity is formed among the left end cover, the shell, the right end cover, the driving rotor and the driven rotor, and magnetorheological grease is filled in the cavity and sealed by an isolation sleeve. The invention does not need to use an external power supply for energy supply, adopts a multilayer multi-disk form, and has compact structure, convenient operation and low cost.)

1. A permanent magnet excited magneto-rheological overload safety protection multilayer multi-disc type coupling comprises

A housing (5) having a cylindrical shape;

the left end cover (2) and the right end cover (6) are arranged at two ends of the shell (5) and form a main cavity;

the driving shaft (1) comprises a first cylinder, a second cylinder and a third cylinder which are coaxially and sequentially connected, the third cylinder is positioned in the main cavity, and the left end of the first cylinder extends out of the left end cover (2) and is fixedly connected with the left end cover (2);

the method is characterized in that:

a second annular groove and a first annular groove which are concentric are formed in the right end face of the left end cover (2) by taking the circle center of the left end cover as the center, wherein the second annular groove is positioned on the inner side of the first annular groove, and a third annular groove is formed in the left end face of the right end cover (6) by taking the circle center of the right end cover as the center;

also comprises

Two groups of annular outer magnet groups (3) are respectively arranged in the first annular groove and the third annular groove;

the driving rotor (12) is a cylinder, a blind hole is formed in the center of the left end face of the driving rotor rightwards, the driving rotor (12) is sleeved on the third cylinder of the driving shaft (1), and the driving rotor and the third cylinder are in close fit; a circle of seventh annular groove is formed in the outer wall of the driving rotor (12);

the right end of the driven shaft (11) extends out of the right end cover (6), and the left end of the driven shaft is connected with the right end cover (6) through a rolling bearing (10) to form a revolute pair;

the driven rotor (16) is cylindrical, the right end of the driven rotor is closed and is positioned in the main cavity, the left end face of the driven shaft (11) is fixedly connected with the center of the right end of the driven rotor (16), the driving rotor (12) extends into the cylinder of the driven rotor (16) but is not in contact with the cylinder of the driven rotor (16), a first cavity is formed between the inner wall of the driven rotor (16) and the driving rotor (12), and a second cavity is formed between the outer wall of the driven rotor (16) and the shell (5); a circle of fourth annular groove is formed in the left end face of the closed end of the driven rotor (16), a circle of fifth annular groove is formed in the outer side wall of the cylinder of the driven rotor (16), and a circle of sixth annular groove is formed in the inner side wall;

two groups of annular inner magnet groups (13) are respectively arranged in the second annular groove and the fourth annular groove;

the inner wall of the shell (5) positioned in the first cavity is provided with a plurality of outer driving disk sets formed by annular outer driving disks (4) at intervals, and two adjacent outer driving disks (4) are separated by an isolating sleeve (15);

an outer driven disc group consisting of a plurality of annular outer driven discs (7) is arranged in a fifth annular groove of the driven rotor (16) positioned in the first cavity, and two adjacent outer driven discs (7) are separated by an isolation sleeve (15);

a plurality of inner driven disk groups formed by annular inner driven disks (8) are arranged in a sixth annular groove of the driven rotor (16) positioned in the second cavity at intervals, and two adjacent inner driven disks (8) are separated by an isolation sleeve (15);

a plurality of annular inner driving discs (9) are arranged inside and outside a seventh annular groove of the driving rotor (12) positioned in the second cavity at intervals to form an inner driving disc group, and two adjacent inner driving discs (9) are separated by an isolation sleeve (15);

magnetorheological grease (14) is filled among the left end cover (2), the shell (5), the right end cover (6), the driving rotor (12) and the driven rotor (16) to form a first cavity and a second cavity.

2. The permanent magnet excited magnetorheological overload safety protecting multilayer multi-disc coupling according to claim 1, wherein: outer driving disk (4) and outer driven disk (7) alternate the interval and set up, and outer driving disk (4) are more one than outer driven disk (7) for there is an outer driven disk (7) between two adjacent outer driving disks (4).

3. The permanent magnet excited magnetorheological overload safety protecting multilayer multi-disc coupling according to claim 1, wherein: interior driven disk (8) and interior driving disk (9) alternate the interval setting, and interior driving disk (9) are than interior driven disk (8) more one for there is interior driven disk (8) between two adjacent interior driving disk (9).

4. The permanent magnet excited magnetorheological overload safety protecting multilayer multi-disc coupling according to claim 1, wherein: and the outer sides of the outer magnet group (3) and the inner magnet group (13) are provided with isolating sleeves (15) to isolate the outer magnet group (3) and the inner magnet group (13) from the magnetorheological grease (4).

5. The permanent magnet excited magnetorheological overload safety protecting multilayer multi-disc coupling according to claim 1, wherein: the driving shaft (1), the left end cover (2), the shell (5), the right end cover (6), the driven shaft (11), the driving rotor (12) and the driven rotor (16) are made of non-magnetic aluminum alloy materials.

6. The permanent magnet excited magnetorheological overload safety protecting multilayer multi-disc coupling according to claim 1, wherein: the inner driving disk (9), the outer driving disk (4), the inner driven disk (8) and the outer driven disk (7) are made of strong magnetic conduction low-carbon steel materials.

7. The permanent magnet excited magnetorheological overload safety protecting multilayer multi-disc coupling according to claim 1, wherein: the isolation sleeve (15) is made of a titanium alloy material.

8. The permanent magnet excited magnetorheological overload safety protecting multilayer multi-disc coupling according to claim 1, wherein: the outer magnet group (3) and the inner magnet group (13) are made of rare earth neodymium iron boron.

9. The permanent magnet excited magnetorheological overload safety protecting multilayer multi-disc coupling according to claim 1, wherein: the magnetic particles in the magnetorheological grease (14) are carbonyl iron powder.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to a safety protection power transmission device, and particularly relates to a magneto-rheological overload safety protection multilayer multi-disc type coupling excited by permanent magnets.

Background

A coupling is often used in high-speed heavy-duty power transmission as a mechanical component for transmitting torque. The torque transmission of the conventional coupling is generally realized by rigid materials or hydraulic dynamic pressure, the former has the advantages of light weight, ultralow inertia and high sensitivity, but has high requirement on the alignment of two shafts, and the latter has high vibration and high pressure supply pressure when in use, which causes difficult maintenance. In addition, more importantly, the traditional coupling has no functions of overload protection, heat dissipation and the like, so that when the traditional coupling fails, equipment connected with the traditional coupling is affected, and casualties can be caused in serious cases.

In fact, in the transmission system of the mechanical equipment in practical use, many peak impact loads exist, which can cause the transmission to be overloaded, and if so, parts to be failed or the equipment to be scrapped, and if so, casualties can occur. Therefore, a cylindrical magnetorheological fluid coupler (patent number: 201220158860.4) is provided, which has the advantages that the working torque is adjustable and controllable, the cylindrical magnetorheological fluid coupler has an overload protection function, the magnetorheological fluid is adopted as a transmission medium in the structure, an excitation coil is wound on a rotary cylinder in the coupler and is connected with a collector ring, the output voltage or current is controlled by adjusting a power supply on the collector ring, the input voltage or current of the coil is changed, the magnetic induction intensity and the shearing stress of the magnetorheological fluid during working are adjusted and controlled by the change of the current, and finally the transmission torque of the coupler is controllable and adjustable. However, although the coupling is torque-adjustable and has overload protection measures, the coupling adopts current excitation, which not only causes energy loss, but also has low efficiency. In order to solve this problem, a permanent magnet type magnetorheological fluid limit torque coupling (patent No. 201010501932.6) discloses a permanent magnet type magnetorheological coupling. The current excitation is changed into the permanent magnet excitation, zero energy consumption can be realized, but the coupler has the defect of insufficient transfer torque on large-scale equipment, which is probably related to the maximum magnetic field intensity of the permanent magnet, so that the area where the magnetorheological material is located cannot reach the optimal magnetic circuit, and the maximum output torque is finally reduced.

The magnetorheological grease is similar to other intelligent materials, the magnetorheological grease can show a lubricating grease state with certain viscosity in zero magnetic field, once an external magnetic field is applied, the magnetorheological grease can be in a solid-like state immediately, and at the moment, the magnetorheological grease has certain shearing yield stress. The process is fast and reversible. The magnetorheological grease has the advantages of low settleability, good sealing property, easy preparation and the like, so that the magnetorheological grease has wide application in engineering. The relationship between the magnitude of the shear stress and the magnetic field intensity can be described by a Bingham model, and the model expression is as follows:

wherein tau is the shear stress of the magnetorheological grease; tau is_y(B) Shear yield stress, which is the value of magnetorheological grease, is related to the magnetic field; eta is the viscosity of the magnetorheological grease and can be measured by a rheometer; r is the disc radius; w is the disc angular velocity; h is the height between the two disks.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a permanent magnet excited magneto-rheological overload safety protection multilayer multi-disc type coupling, which does not need to be supplied with energy by an external power supply, adopts a multilayer multi-disc form, and has the characteristics of compact structure, convenience in operation, low cost and the like.

The technical solution for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows: a magneto-rheological overload safety protection multilayer multi-disc type coupling excited by permanent magnets comprises a driving shaft, a left end cover, an outer magnet, an outer driving disc, a shell, a right end cover, an outer driven disc, an inner driving disc, a rolling bearing, a driven shaft, a driving rotor, an inner magnet, magneto-rheological grease, an isolation sleeve and a driven rotor; the driving shaft is fixedly connected with the driving rotor, and the driven shaft is connected with the right end cover through a rolling bearing to form a turning pair; the driving shaft, the left end cover, the shell and the right end cover are connected through bolts; the left end cover is provided with an inner annular groove and an outer annular groove, the driven rotor and the right end cover are respectively provided with an inner annular groove and an outer annular groove, the inner magnet and the outer magnet are respectively arranged in the inner annular groove and the outer annular groove, and the inner magnet and the outer magnet are isolated from the magnetorheological grease by adopting an isolation sleeve; the outer main driving disk and the inner main driving disk are respectively fixed on the shell and the driving rotor; the outer driven disc and the inner driven disc are fixed on the driven rotor; a cavity is formed among the left end cover, the shell, the right end cover, the driving rotor and the driven rotor, and magnetorheological grease is filled in the cavity and sealed by an isolation sleeve; the driven shaft, the left end cover, the shell and the right end cover are made of non-magnetic aluminum alloy materials; the inner driving disc, the outer driving disc, the inner driven disc and the outer driven disc are made of high-permeability low-carbon steel materials; the isolation sleeve is made of a titanium alloy material; five outer driving disks, four inner driving disks, four outer driven disks and three inner driven disks are arranged; twenty-one spacer rings are provided; the inner magnets and the outer magnets are respectively provided with four annular magnets, each magnet is concentrically and planarly arranged, the directions of the magnetic fields of the inner magnets and the outer magnets are completely the same, and the inner magnets and the outer magnets are arranged in a mixed way by an axial magnetic field and a radial magnetic field; the magnetorheological grease is prepared by mixing and processing commercial lubricating grease and carbonyl iron powder.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the remarkable advantages that:

(1) the magneto-rheological grease is used as a force transmission medium, the permanent magnets are arranged on the inner layer and the outer layer and are arranged in a staggered mode in the axial direction and the radial magnetic field direction, so that the permanent magnets generate a strong magnetic field near the magneto-rheological grease, the magneto-rheological grease in the coupler can have certain shearing yield stress due to the strong magnetic field, and the driving shaft and the driven shaft are fixedly connected to transmit certain torque.

(2) Does not need external energy supply, and has the characteristics of simple and compact structure, convenient operation and low cost.

(3) The permanent magnet generates a magnetic field without additional power supply equipment, the transmission torque of the magnetorheological transmission device is large, when the transmission torque is larger than an external load, a power transmission effect is started, otherwise, an overload safety protection effect is achieved, and meanwhile, the structure is larger than the transmission torque of a single-disc or multi-disc coupling.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a permanent magnet excited magnetorheological overload safety protection multilayer multi-disc coupling.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a hybrid arrangement mode of an axial magnetic field and a radial magnetic field between permanent magnets of a permanent magnet excited magnetorheological overload safety protection multi-disc coupling.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an outer driving disc and an outer driven disc of a permanent magnet excited magnetorheological overload safety protection multi-disc coupling.

Detailed Description

The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures.

With reference to fig. 1, 2 and 3, the permanent magnet excited magnetorheological overload safety protection multilayer multi-disc coupling comprises a driving shaft 1, a left end cover 2, a shell 5, a right end cover 6, a rolling bearing 10, a driven shaft 11, a driving rotor 12, magnetorheological grease 14, a driven rotor 16, a plurality of outer driving discs 4, a plurality of outer driven discs 7, a plurality of inner driven discs 8, a plurality of inner driving discs 9, a plurality of annular isolation sleeves 15, two groups of outer magnet groups 3 and two groups of inner magnet groups 13.

The driving shaft 1 comprises a first cylinder, a second cylinder and a third cylinder which are coaxially and sequentially connected, wherein the diameter of the first cylinder is smaller than that of the second cylinder, and the diameter of the third cylinder is smaller than that of the second cylinder. The shell 5 is cylindrical, the left end cover 2 and the right end cover 6 are respectively positioned at two ends of the shell 5 and are fixedly connected through a plurality of bolts 17, the three form a main cavity body, a bulge is arranged at the center of the left end surface of the left end cover 2, a second-order through hole with the diameter gradually increased is arranged rightwards from the center of the outer end surface of the bulge, a first-order hole with the smaller diameter is a first-order hole, a second-order hole with the larger diameter is a second-order hole, one end of a first cylinder of the driving shaft 1 extends out of the left end cover 2 from the first-order hole, a second cylinder is positioned in the second-order hole, a third cylinder is positioned in the main cavity and is fixedly connected with the left end cover 2 through a plurality of bolts 17, a second annular groove and a first annular groove which are concentric are arranged on the right end surface of the left end cover 2 by taking the circle center as the center, wherein the second annular groove is positioned at the inner side of the first annular groove, a third annular groove, a group of inner magnet groups 13 are arranged in the second annular groove, and isolating sleeves 15 are arranged on the outer sides of the outer magnet groups 3 and the inner magnet groups 13 to isolate the outer magnet groups 3 and the inner magnet groups 13 from the magnetorheological grease 4.

The driving rotor 12 is a cylinder, a blind hole is arranged rightwards from the center of the left end face of the driving rotor, the driving rotor 12 is sleeved on a third cylinder of the driving shaft 1, and the driving rotor and the third cylinder are tightly matched; the right end of the driven shaft 11 extends out of the right end cover 6, the left end of the driven shaft is connected with the right end cover 6 through a rolling bearing 10 to form a revolute pair, the left end of the driven shaft 11 is fixedly connected with the driven rotor 16, and the outer wall of the driving rotor 12 is provided with a circle of seventh annular grooves.

The driven rotor 16 is cylindrical, the right end of the driven rotor is closed and is positioned in the main cavity, the driving rotor 12 extends into the cylinder of the driven rotor 16, but the driving rotor and the driven rotor are not in contact with each other, a first cavity is formed between the inner wall of the driven rotor 16 and the driving rotor 12, and a second cavity is formed between the outer wall of the driven rotor 16 and the shell 5. The left end face of the closed end of the driven rotor 16 is provided with a circle of fourth annular grooves, a group of inner magnet groups 13 are arranged in the fourth annular grooves, the outer side wall of the cylinder of the driven rotor 16 is provided with a circle of fifth annular grooves, and the inner side wall is provided with a circle of sixth annular grooves.

The interval sets up the outer driving disk group that a plurality of annular outer driving disks 4 constitute on being located the 5 inner walls of casing of first cavity, separate through separation sleeve 15 between two adjacent outer driving disks 4, be equipped with the outer driven disk group that a plurality of annular outer driven disks 7 constitute in the fifth annular groove of the driven rotor 16 who is located first cavity, separate through separation sleeve 15 between two adjacent outer driven disks 7, outer driving disk 4 and outer driven disk 7 alternate the interval and set up, outer driving disk 4 is more one than outer driven disk 7, make and have an outer driven disk 7 between two adjacent outer driving disks 4.

An inner driven disc group formed by a plurality of annular inner driven discs 8 is arranged in a sixth annular groove of a driven rotor 16 located in the second cavity at intervals, two adjacent inner driven discs 8 are separated through an isolation sleeve 15, a plurality of annular inner driving discs 9 are arranged in a seventh annular groove of a driving rotor 12 located in the second cavity at intervals, an inner driving disc group is formed, and two adjacent inner driving discs 9 are separated through the isolation sleeve 15. Interior driven disk 8 and interior driving disk 9 alternate the interval setting, and interior driving disk 9 is more one than interior driven disk 8 for there is interior driven disk 8 between two adjacent interior driving disks 9.

The magnetorheological grease 14 is filled among the left end cover 2, the shell 5, the right end cover 6, the driving rotor 12 and the driven rotor 16 to form a first cavity and a second cavity.

The driving shaft 1, the left end cover 2, the shell 5, the right end cover 6, the driven shaft 11, the driving rotor 12 and the driven rotor 16 are made of non-magnetic aluminum alloy materials; the inner driving disk 9, the outer driving disk 4, the inner driven disk 8 and the outer driven disk 7 are made of high-permeability low-carbon steel materials; the isolation sleeve 15 is made of titanium alloy material.

The materials of the outer magnet group 3 and the inner magnet group 13 are rare earth neodymium iron boron (NdFeB). The outer magnet group 3 and the inner magnet group 13 are used for ensuring that a magnetic field with enough magnitude is generated, each outer magnet group 3 and each inner magnet group 13 respectively comprise four concentric annular magnets arranged on the same plane, and the arrangement rule of the annular magnets is that axial magnetic fields and radial magnetic fields are alternately arranged; the magnetic particles in the magnetorheological grease 14 are carbonyl iron powder.

The isolation sleeve 15 prevents the leakage of the magnetorheological grease 14, and the isolation sleeve 15 is also arranged at the junction of the rolling bearing 10, the driven rotor 16 and the right end cover 6.

With reference to fig. 1, 2 and 3, the specific implementation process of the present invention is as follows: when the driving shaft 1 rotates, the driving rotor 12, the inner driving disk 9, the left end cover 2, the shell 5, the outer driving disk 4 and the right end cover 6 can be driven to synchronously rotate, a strong magnetic field is generated under the combined action of the outer magnet group 3 and the inner magnet group 13, the strong magnetic field passes through the area where the magnetorheological grease 14 is located and generates a magnetorheological effect, at the moment, the magnetorheological grease 14 is in a similar solid state and generates certain shearing yield stress, the generation of the yield stress can fix the outer driven disk 7 and the outer driving disk 4 on the driven rotor 16 together with the inner driving disk 9 and the inner driven disk 8, the torque of the driving shaft 1 is transmitted to the driven shaft 11, when the transmission torque is larger than the external load, the starting force transmission effect is realized, when the transmission torque is smaller than the overload, the safety protection effect is realized, and meanwhile, the structure is larger than the transmission torque of a single-.

In summary, the multilayer multi-disc type coupler for the permanent magnet excited magnetorheological overload safety protection adopts magnetorheological grease as a transmission medium, permanent magnets as an excitation source, the permanent magnets are arranged on the inner layer and the outer layer and are staggered in the axial and radial magnetic field directions, so that the magnetic induction strength of the area around the magnetorheological grease can be optimized, and the coupler has the characteristics of maximum output torque and zero energy consumption.