阅读说明：本技术 用于车辆的监测液体储罐的液位的设备及方法 (Device and method for monitoring liquid level of liquid storage tank for vehicle ) 是由 朴钟旼 孔珞敬 张承赫 李骐泓 徐永善 于 2018-12-06 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了用于车辆的监测液体储罐的液位的设备及方法,所述设备能够通过在包括微米螺旋碳纤维(CMC)的电动势放大层处,采用能够使由电极产生的电动势放大的结构,而改善液位传感器的感测灵敏度,并且准确地感测液体的冻结状态,以执行加热功能,从而化解液体的冻结状态。(Disclosed are an apparatus and a method for monitoring a liquid level of a liquid storage tank for a vehicle, which are capable of improving sensing sensitivity of a liquid level sensor by employing a structure capable of amplifying an electromotive force generated by an electrode at an electromotive force amplifying layer including a micro spiral carbon fiber (CMC), and accurately sensing a frozen state of a liquid to perform a heating function, thereby resolving the frozen state of the liquid.)

1. An apparatus for monitoring a level of a liquid storage tank for a vehicle, the apparatus comprising:

a liquid level sensor including an electrode and an electromotive force amplifying layer coated on one surface of the electrode, the electromotive force amplifying layer amplifying an electromotive force generated by the electrode, the liquid level sensor being installed at an inner side or an outer side of the liquid storage tank;

a signal converter configured to convert a sensed value of the liquid level sensor into a desired value; and

a controller configured to receive the signal of the signal converter and output the received signal in a displayable form.

2. The apparatus for monitoring a liquid level of a liquid storage tank for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the electromotive force amplifying layer is formed by mixing a plurality of micro-spiral carbon fibers with an insulating paste, and is conductively coated on one surface of the electrode.

3. The apparatus for monitoring the level of a liquid storage tank for a vehicle of claim 1, wherein said level sensor is modular with a base including circuit components constituting said signal converter and said controller, said level sensor being mounted inside or outside said liquid storage tank.

4. The apparatus for monitoring the level of a liquid storage tank for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the level sensor includes a plurality of sensors installed at regular intervals inside or outside the liquid storage tank in a height direction of the liquid storage tank.

5. The apparatus for monitoring a level of a liquid storage tank for a vehicle according to claim 4, wherein the level sensor includes a plurality of sensors each having a structure of oblique lines, the sensors being arranged in a column at regular intervals along a vertical direction of the liquid storage tank.

6. The apparatus for monitoring a level of a liquid storage tank for a vehicle according to claim 4, wherein said level sensor includes a plurality of sensors each having a V-shaped structure, said sensors being arranged in a column at regular intervals along a vertical direction of said liquid storage tank.

7. The apparatus for monitoring a level of a liquid storage tank for a vehicle according to claim 4, wherein the level sensor includes a plurality of sensors each having a trapezoidal structure, the sensors being alternately arranged in a column at regular intervals along a vertical direction of the liquid storage tank.

8. The apparatus for monitoring the level of a liquid storage tank for a vehicle of claim 4, wherein said level sensor comprises a plurality of sensors each having a rectangular configuration, said sensors being arranged in two staggered columns.

9. The apparatus for monitoring the level of a liquid storage tank for a vehicle of claim 1, wherein an ambient temperature sensor and a heating device are connected to an output side of the controller, thereby enabling transmission of control signals.

10. The apparatus for monitoring the level of a liquid storage tank for a vehicle of claim 9, wherein the heating device comprises a scrubber nozzle heater, a hose mounted heater, and a storage tank heater.

11. The apparatus for monitoring the level of a liquid storage tank for a vehicle of claim 1, wherein said controller applies a high frequency that the micro-spiraled carbon fiber absorbs to dissipate heat energy when the electrodes of said level sensor require a heating function.

12. The apparatus for monitoring the level of a liquid storage tank for a vehicle of claim 1, further comprising:

a high frequency electrode attached to another surface of the electrode of the liquid level sensor.

13. A method for monitoring a level of a liquid storage tank for a vehicle, the method comprising:

sensing a level of liquid by a level sensor in which an electromotive force amplifying layer is coated on one surface of an electrode in a state in which the level sensor is installed inside or outside the liquid storage tank;

determining whether the sensed value sensed by the liquid level sensor is a normal value sensing the liquid level of the liquid in the liquid state or an abnormal value sensing the liquid level of the liquid in the frozen state;

driving, by a controller, a heating device for resolving freezing of the liquid when the sensed value sensed by the liquid level sensor is determined to be an abnormal value; and

interrupting the driving of the heating means when a sensed value sensed by the level sensor is determined as a normal value after the driving of the heating means.

14. The method of monitoring a level of a liquid storage tank for a vehicle of claim 13, wherein the level sensor determines the normal value and the abnormal value based on a difference in dielectric constant between the liquid and ice.

15. The method for monitoring the level of a liquid storage tank for a vehicle of claim 13, further comprising:

prior to driving the heating device, determining, by a controller, whether a current ambient temperature received from an ambient temperature sensor is a low temperature sufficient to cause freezing of the liquid.

16. The method for monitoring the level of a liquid storage tank for a vehicle of claim 15, further comprising:

calculating, by the controller, a number of times that the current ambient temperature received from the ambient temperature sensor is determined to be an elevated temperature insufficient to cause the liquid to freeze; and

and outputting a fault code of the liquid level sensor when the counting times are greater than or equal to the reference value.

17. The method for monitoring the level of a liquid storage tank for a vehicle of claim 13, further comprising:

applying, by a controller, a high frequency to an electrode of the level sensor before interrupting driving of the heating device.

18. The method for monitoring the level of a liquid storage tank for a vehicle of claim 17, further comprising:

when a high frequency is applied, the high frequency is absorbed by the micro-spiral carbon fiber included in the electromotive force amplifying layer of the liquid level sensor, and the absorbed high frequency is converted into heat energy, generating heat.

Technical Field

The present invention relates to an apparatus for monitoring a liquid level of a liquid storage tank for a vehicle, and more particularly, to an apparatus for monitoring a liquid level of a liquid storage tank, which is capable of accurately sensing a liquid level of a liquid stored in the liquid storage tank and guiding a heating liquid by monitoring a frozen state of the liquid.

Background

Various types of liquids are used in vehicles, such as fuel for driving an engine, washing liquid, brake liquid, and the like, and the need to change or supplement the various liquids varies.

To change or replenish the liquid due to liquid consumption, a method for sensing the liquid level is used.

The method for sensing a level of a liquid comprises: a method of sensing a liquid level using a rod (block) having buoyancy, a method of sensing a liquid level using an electrode rod (electrode rod), a method of sensing a liquid level using a reed switch, a method of sensing a liquid level using capacitive displacement (capacitive displacement), and the like.

The method of sensing a liquid level using buoyancy is a general method, as shown in fig. 1A and 1B (prior art), using a variable resistor to sense a liquid level, in which a contact point of a resistor 3 is changed by movement of a buoyancy rod 2 according to a change in a liquid level in a state in which the buoyancy rod 2 is installed to be contactable with the resistor 3 in a liquid storage tank 1.

As shown in fig. 2A to 2D (prior art), the method of sensing the liquid level using the electrode rod is such that: in a state where the electrode rods 4 are arranged to be spaced apart from each other at a predetermined position of the liquid storage tank, when a voltage is applied to a pair of the electrode rods 4, the liquid level is sensed based on a current flowing between the electrode rods 4 via the liquid (electrical conductivity).

The method of sensing a liquid level using a capacitance displacement is broadly divided into a method of sensing a liquid level using a rod and a method of sensing a liquid level using an electrode; as shown in fig. 3A and 3B (prior art), the method of sensing liquid level using a rod is such that: sensing a liquid level using a characteristic that a capacitance changes according to a change in the liquid level in contact with the rod 5 in a state where the rod 5 is inserted into the liquid tank 1; as shown in fig. 4A and 4B (prior art), the method of sensing liquid level using electrodes is such that: by attaching the pad-shaped single electrode 6 or the plurality of electrodes 7 to the outer surface of the liquid tank 1, the liquid level is sensed using the characteristic of the capacitance change in an untouched state where the pad-shaped single electrode 6 or the plurality of electrodes 7 are not in direct contact with the liquid.

However, the above-described conventional method of sensing a liquid level has the same problem in that the liquid level cannot be accurately sensed when the liquid in the liquid storage tank is frozen.

The above information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the background of the invention and therefore the information that it may contain does not constitute prior art that is already known in this country to a person skilled in the art.

Disclosure of Invention

An object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for monitoring a liquid level of a liquid storage tank for a vehicle, which is capable of improving sensing sensitivity of a liquid level sensor and accurately sensing a frozen state of a liquid to perform a heating function of resolving the frozen state (i.e., melting) of the liquid by employing a structure capable of amplifying an electromotive force generated by an electrode at an electromotive force amplifying layer including a micro spiral carbon fiber (CMC).

In one aspect, the present invention provides an apparatus for monitoring a level of a liquid storage tank for a vehicle, the apparatus comprising: a level sensor including an electrode and an electromotive force amplifying layer coated on one surface of the electrode, the electromotive force amplifying layer being configured to amplify an electromotive force generated by the electrode, the level sensor being installed inside or outside the liquid storage tank, a signal converter configured to convert a sensed value of the level sensor into a desired value, and a controller configured to receive a signal of the signal converter and output the received signal in a displayable form; wherein the electromotive force amplifying layer is formed by mixing a plurality of CMCs with an insulating paste, and is conductively coated on one surface of the electrode.

In another aspect, the present invention provides a method for monitoring a level of a liquid storage tank for a vehicle, the method comprising: sensing a level of liquid by a level sensor in which an electromotive force amplifying layer is coated on one surface of an electrode in a state in which the level sensor is installed inside or outside the liquid storage tank; determining whether the sensed value sensed by the liquid level sensor is a normal value sensing the liquid level of the liquid in the liquid state or an abnormal value sensing the liquid level of the liquid in the frozen state; driving, by a controller, a heating device for resolving freezing of the liquid when the sensed value sensed by the liquid level sensor is determined to be an abnormal value; and interrupting the driving of the heating means when a sensed value sensed by the level sensor is determined as a normal value after the driving of the heating means.

Other aspects and preferred embodiments of the invention are discussed below.

Drawings

The above and other features of the invention will now be described in detail with reference to certain exemplary embodiments thereof, illustrated in the accompanying drawings, which are given by way of example only, and thus are not limiting of the invention, and in which:

FIGS. 1A-4B (Prior Art) are schematic diagrams illustrating a conventional method of sensing liquid level;

FIG. 5 is a block diagram illustrating an apparatus for monitoring a level of a liquid storage tank for a vehicle according to the present invention;

FIGS. 6A-6E are plan views illustrating a level sensor according to the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating a method of mounting a level sensor according to the present invention;

FIGS. 8A-8C are schematic views showing an example of a level sensor according to the present invention mounted inside a liquid storage tank;

fig. 9A to 9C are schematic views showing an example in which a liquid level sensor according to the present invention is installed outside a liquid storage tank;

fig. 10a1 to 10B4 are schematic views showing sensing characteristics of a liquid level sensor according to the present invention, in which fig. 10a1 to 10a4 show sensing a liquid level according to a change in dielectric constant, and fig. 10B1 to 10B4 show sensing whether a liquid is present or not;

11A 1-11B 2 are schematic diagrams illustrating the amplification effect of a level sensor according to the present invention, wherein FIGS. 11A1 and 11B1 illustrate conventional capacitive sensors, and FIGS. 11A2 and 11B2 illustrate the CMC amplification effect of the CMC capacitive sensor of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of accurate sensing of a level sensor according to the present invention;

FIGS. 13A and 13B are schematic diagrams illustrating a simplified sensing configuration of a fluid level sensor according to the present invention;

fig. 14 is a block diagram showing an arrangement for performing heating, which is further connected to a device for monitoring a liquid level according to the invention.

FIG. 15 is a flow chart showing an example of operational control of the apparatus for monitoring liquid level of the present invention;

fig. 16A to 16B2 are graphs showing an example in which a conventional capacitive sensor outputs different sensing values when detecting liquid (water) and ice.

Fig. 17A to 17D are schematic diagrams showing the arrangement of the liquid level sensor according to the present invention, in which fig. 17A shows the electrode 1, fig. 17B shows the electrode 2, fig. 17C shows the electrode 3, and fig. 17D shows the electrode 4;

FIGS. 18A and 18B are graphs showing a comparison of a freeze-in-process state of a liquid with a fuel replenishment state;

fig. 19 and 20 are views illustrating the principle in which a liquid level sensor according to the present invention senses a frozen state of liquid; and

fig. 21 to 23 are schematic views illustrating a principle of generating heat by applying high frequency to a level sensor, such that a micro-spiral carbon fiber (CMC) of the level sensor according to the present invention is heated, wherein fig. 21 illustrates when the level sensor is operated, and fig. 22 illustrates when a heating function is operated.

It should be understood that the drawings are not necessarily to scale, presenting a somewhat simplified representation of various preferred features illustrative of the basic principles of the invention. The specific design features disclosed herein, including, for example, specific dimensions, orientations, locations, and shapes, will be determined in part by the particular application and environment in which it is used.

In the drawings, like numerals refer to like or equivalent parts throughout the several views of the drawings.

Detailed Description

It should be understood that the term "vehicle" or "vehicular" or other similar terms as used herein generally includes motor vehicles such as passenger automobiles including Sport Utility Vehicles (SUVs), buses, trucks, various commercial vehicles, watercraft including a variety of boats, ships, aircraft, and the like, and includes hybrid vehicles, electric vehicles, plug-in hybrid electric vehicles, hydrogen-powered vehicles, and other alternative fuel vehicles (e.g., fuels derived from non-petroleum sources). As referred to herein, a hybrid vehicle is a vehicle having two or more power sources, such as both gasoline-powered and electric-powered vehicles.

The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, values, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, values, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. Throughout this specification, unless explicitly described to the contrary, the word "comprise", and variations such as "comprises" or "comprising", will be understood to imply the inclusion of stated elements but not the exclusion of any other elements. In addition, the terms "unit," "device," "means," and "module" described in the specification mean a unit for performing at least one of functions and operations, and may be implemented by hardware components or software components, and a combination thereof.

Furthermore, the control logic of the present invention may be embodied as a non-transitory computer readable medium on a computer readable medium containing executable program instructions for execution by a processor, controller, or the like. Examples of computer readable media include, but are not limited to, ROM, RAM, Compact Disc (CD) -ROM, magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash drive, smart card, and optical data storage device. The computer readable medium CAN also be distributed over a Network coupled computer system so that the computer readable medium is stored and executed in a distributed fashion, for example, by a telematics server or Controller Area Network (CAN).

Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 5 shows an apparatus for monitoring a level of a liquid storage tank for a vehicle according to the present invention, and reference numeral 10 denotes a level sensor, which is one type of a capacitive sensor for sensing a liquid level.

Although the structure and sensing method of the level sensor vary according to the measurement of the levels of different kinds of liquids in vehicles, the level sensor of the present invention is basically configured with a capacitive type sensor including micro spiral carbon fiber (CMC) or nano spiral carbon fiber (CNC).

To this end, the level sensor 10 according to the present invention is configured to have a structure of the electromotive force amplifying layer 14 in which the CMC 16 and the paste (paste)18 are mixed, and the electromotive force amplifying layer 14 is coated on one surface of the electrode 12 at a predetermined thickness.

In other words, the liquid level sensor 10 is provided with the electrode 12 forming a capacitance and the electromotive force amplifying layer 14; the electromotive force amplifying layer 14 is coated on one surface of the electrode 12, and is configured to amplify the electromotive force generated by the electrode 12. Specifically, the electromotive force amplifying layer 14 is made of a mixture of the insulating paste 18 and the plurality of CMCs 16 for amplifying the electromotive force generated by the electrode 12, and the electromotive force amplifying layer 14 is coated on one surface of the electrode 12.

In this case, as shown in fig. 6A to 6E, the planar-shaped level sensor 10 may be formed in various shapes capable of generating electromotive force, such as a circular or quadrangular spacer, an antenna shape, a zigzag shape, a comb shape, and the like.

Preferably, the level sensor 10 having the electrode 12 and the electromotive force amplifying layer 14 may be provided as a single sensor or a plurality of sensors divided into a plurality of channels.

Meanwhile, the apparatus for monitoring a liquid level according to the present invention includes a signal converter 20 and a controller 30; the signal converter 20 is used for converting the sensing value of the liquid level sensor 10 into a form of expected value; the controller 30 is adapted to receive the converted desired value of the signal converter 20 and to output the converted desired value in the form of a signal displayable on a display or the like.

As shown in fig. 7, the above-described level sensor 10 may be installed at a position capable of sensing the liquid level of the liquid storage tank 40, for example, the level sensor 10 may be installed at an inner wall or an outer wall of the liquid storage tank 40 by a conventional adhesive, or may be inserted and disposed inside the liquid storage tank 40.

When the level sensor 10 according to the present invention is installed inside the liquid storage tank 40, the electrode 12 is in close contact with the inner wall of the liquid storage tank 40 while being in a state of being covered and protected by the slurry 18 of the electromotive force amplifying layer 14.

Preferably, when the level sensor 10 according to the present invention is installed inside the liquid tank 40, the electromotive force amplifying layer 14 coated on one surface of the electrode 12 is in direct contact with the liquid instead of the electrode 12, so that the paste 18 of the electromotive force amplifying layer 14 serves to protect the CMC 16 from the liquid and also serves to protect the electrode 12 from the liquid, whereby oxidation of the electrode 12 caused by direct contact of the electrode 12 with the liquid can be prevented to extend the life of the electrode 12.

Preferably, the level sensor 10 may be modularized with a Printed Circuit Board (PCB) including circuit components constituting the signal converter 20 and the controller 30 to be installed inside or outside the liquid tank 40.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 8A, when the level sensor 10 is installed inside the liquid tank 40, a substrate (PCB) may be stacked on and attached to the level sensor 10 configured with the electrode 12 and the electromotive force amplifying layer 14, and then the level sensor 10 may be installed at the inner wall of the liquid tank 40. Alternatively, as shown in fig. 8B, a substrate (PCB) may be stacked on and attached to the liquid level sensor 10 configured with the electrode 12 and the electromotive force amplifying layer 14, and then the liquid level sensor 10 may be mounted by being inserted into a hole formed at the liquid tank 40. Alternatively, as shown in fig. 8C, only the level sensor 10 configured with the electrode 12 and the electromotive force amplifying layer 14 may be inserted into the liquid tank 40, and a substrate (PCB) may be connected to the level sensor 10 in a signal-exchangeable manner so that the level sensor 10 may be disposed outside the liquid tank 40.

In addition, as shown in fig. 9A, when the liquid level sensor 10 is installed outside the liquid storage tank 40, a substrate (PCB) may be stacked on and attached to the liquid level sensor 10 including the electrode 12 and the electromotive force amplifying layer 14, and then the liquid level sensor 10 may be installed at an outer wall of the liquid storage tank 40 by molding, fusing, or the like. Alternatively, as shown in fig. 9B, the liquid level sensor 10 configured with the electrode 12 and the electromotive force amplifying layer 14 may be installed at a portion of the outer surface of the liquid tank 40; also, a substrate (PCB) having a large area may be stacked on the outer surface of the liquid level sensor 10 and may be attached to the outer surface of the liquid level sensor 10. Alternatively, as shown in fig. 9C, the liquid level sensor 10 configured with the electrode 12 and the electromotive force amplifying layer 14 may be attached to the outer surface of the liquid tank 40; likewise, the substrate (PCB) may be modular with the display and may be arranged at a side portion of the level sensor 10.

Meanwhile, the liquid level sensor 10 is a type of capacitance type sensor; the changes in the dielectric constant and the capacitance value vary with respect to the liquid according to the size or shape of the electrode 12, and further, the changes in the dielectric constant and the capacitance value vary according to various liquids.

The level sensor 10 according to the invention may perform at least two functions: (1) in accordance with the water level, the water level is sensed based on a change in the dielectric constant of the water (see fig. 10a 1-10 a4), and (2) the presence of water in the liquid storage tank 40 is sensed (see fig. 10B 1-10B 4).

Depending on such sensing characteristics of the level sensor 10, a single capacitive sensor or a plurality of capacitive sensors may be used as the level sensor 10; and further, the level sensor 10 may be manufactured and used in a variety of sizes and shapes depending on the application (e.g., precision measurement, simplified measurement, and structure-specific measurement).

Alternatively, the level sensor 10 according to the present invention may employ any shape of electrode capable of generating an electromotive force, but to improve sensing performance, the level sensor 10 should be configured to include the electromotive force amplifying layer 14 having the CMC 16 as described above.

Meanwhile, as in the basic operation of the conventional capacitive sensor, the liquid level sensor 10 according to the present invention is a capacitive type sensor in which a current flows in an electrode to generate an electromotive force, and a change in the electromotive force is sensed when an object approaches the sensor.

However, referring to fig. 11a1 through 11B2, since the level sensor 10 according to the present invention includes the electromotive force amplifying layer 14 (in which the CMC 16 and the paste 18 are mixed) in addition to the electrode 12, the electromotive force generated by the electrode 12 is amplified (actually, the electromotive force is amplified by the CMC 16), and thus the sensing sensitivity can be improved, compared to the conventional capacitive sensor.

In addition, the level sensor 10 according to the present invention includes a plurality of sensors and is installed at the inner side or the outer side of the liquid storage tank 40 at regular intervals in the height direction, so that the accuracy of level sensing can be improved.

In other words, as shown in fig. 12, when the level sensor 10 according to the present invention is installed at the liquid storage tank 40, the plurality of level sensors S1 to Sn are installed in a column at regular intervals, a change in capacitance is sensed by each of the plurality of level sensors S1 to Sn, and a sensed value of each of the plurality of level sensors S1 to Sn is verified, so that more accurate and highly precise level sensing performance can be provided.

In addition, the level sensor 10 according to the present invention may be used to perform a simplified sensing function (low cost sensor) to alert liquid replenishment by being installed at a low water level location of the liquid storage tank 40.

For example, as shown in fig. 13A and 13B, the level sensor 10 may be installed at a low level reference position of the liquid storage tank 40, and may be used to alert the driver by sensing liquid reaching the low level reference position. Alternatively, the level sensor 10 may be installed at a stepped horizontal portion or a bent portion formed at the bottom of the liquid storage tank 40, and may be used to alert the driver by sensing liquid reaching the low level reference position.

Meanwhile, the liquid level sensor 10 according to the present invention is characterized in that not only the liquid level is alerted to the driver through the display device by sensing the liquid level, but also the liquid heating control is enabled to detect the frozen state of the liquid, thereby dissolving the frozen state, i.e., thawing the liquid.

For this purpose, as shown in fig. 14, a display device 31 is connected to an output side of the controller 30, the controller 30 receives a signal of the liquid level sensor 10 via the signal converter 20, and further, an ambient temperature sensor 33 and a heating device 32 (which can melt frozen liquid in the liquid tank 40) are connected to the output side of the controller 30 to enable transmission of a control signal.

For example, when the controller 30 receives a signal indicating a frozen state of the liquid from the liquid level sensor 10, the controller 30 transmits a signal to the display device 31 and the buzzer sound emitting part 34 to alert the driver, and at the same time, transmits a driving signal to the heating device 32, the heating device 32 being capable of melting the liquid and including the washer nozzle heater 32-1, the hose-mounted heater 32-2, and the tank heater 32-3.

Hereinafter, a configuration for sensing a frozen state of a liquid in the liquid level sensor 10 according to the present invention will be described.

One of the most significant problems in the operation of the level sensor 10 occurs when the level sensor 10 is used with frozen liquid and when the liquid remains frozen, the liquid cannot be discharged to a desired use position, and further, the level sensor 10 fails due to the frozen state of the liquid.

In this case, since the capacitive sensor detects a change in the dielectric constant of the liquid, the capacitive sensor can determine freezing of the liquid based on the different dielectric constants of water and ice, but the conventional capacitive sensor cannot determine the frozen state of the liquid at least for the following reasons.

As shown in fig. 16A, assuming that a change in the liquid level occurs in a state where the conventional capacitive sensors C1, C2, and C3 are installed in the liquid storage tank 40, since the liquid level does not reach (reach) the capacitive sensor C1, the capacitive sensor C1 is in a state having a basic sensing value, thereby outputting the basic sensing value (see a solid line in the graph of fig. 16A).

Meanwhile, when the liquid level is at the middle height of the capacitive sensor C2, the capacitive sensor C2 outputs some variation values (broken line in the graph of fig. 16A), and does not output the maximum value (saturation state of the liquid level).

However, when the liquid level is at the middle height of the capacitive sensor C2 and the liquid is in a frozen state, since the dielectric constant of ice is larger than that of the liquid (for example, the dielectric constant ratio of ice to liquid (water) is 100 to 80), the capacitive sensor C2 outputs the maximum value (saturation state of the liquid level) as a sensing value.

Alternatively, when the capacitive sensor C3 is immersed in the liquid, the capacitive sensor C3 outputs a maximum value (saturation state of the liquid level) according to the change in the liquid level.

As can be seen, the conventional capacitive sensor determines the frozen state of the liquid based only on the saturation state of the liquid level, and thus, the conventional capacitive sensor cannot accurately sense the current frozen state of the liquid.

In addition, referring to the graph of fig. 16B1, when the conventional capacitive sensor senses the maximum value (liquid level saturation state) as the output value in the frozen state of the liquid and then the liquid is thawed by the surrounding environment, the output value of the conventional capacitive sensor gradually decreases; referring to the graph of fig. 16B2, when the sensing value of the conventional capacitive sensor is an actual maximum value (a liquid level saturation state), the liquid level decreases according to the liquid consumption (e.g., fuel consumption) while the sensing value of the conventional capacitive sensor gradually decreases; thus making it impossible to accurately determine whether or not the conventional capacitive sensor outputs a sensing value in a frozen state.

In order to solve the problem, the present invention is also characterized in that, by using the difference in dielectric constant between the liquid state and the frozen state, the frozen state of the liquid can be accurately sensed by the arrangement structure of the liquid level sensor 10, so that heating control for resolving the freezing of the liquid can be performed.

For this purpose, the liquid level sensor 10 according to the present invention is divided into a plurality of sensors each having a structure of oblique lines arranged in a column along the vertical direction of the liquid storage tank 40 (see [ electrode 1] of fig. 17A). Alternatively, the liquid level sensor 10 is divided into a plurality of sensors each having a V-shaped structure arranged in a column along the vertical direction thereof (see [ electrode 2] of fig. 17B). Alternatively, the liquid level sensor 10 is divided into a plurality of sensors each having a trapezoidal polygonal structure (see [ electrode 3] of fig. 17C) alternately arranged in columns along the vertical direction thereof. As still another alternative, the liquid level sensor 10 is divided into a plurality of sensors each having a rectangular structure (see [ electrodes 4] of fig. 17D) arranged in two columns staggered in the vertical direction thereof, so that the frozen state of the liquid can be accurately sensed.

Hereinafter, the operation of the liquid level sensor 10 according to the present invention for sensing the frozen state of the liquid will be described.

Fig. 19 is a view for comparing an operation of sensing a frozen state of a liquid in two cases, one of which is: the level sensor 10 according to the present invention is divided into a plurality of sensors each having a structure of oblique lines installed in a row along the vertical direction of the liquid storage tank 40; the other situation is as follows: the level sensor 10 according to the present invention is divided into a plurality of sensors each having a simple rectangular structure arranged in two rows along the vertical direction of the liquid storage tank 40.

When the level sensor 10 according to the present invention is divided into a plurality of sensors each having a simple rectangular shape arranged in a line along the vertical direction of the liquid tank 40 (see the right side of fig. 19), the first level sensor S1 senses the dielectric constant of the liquid to be 0% and, at the same time, the second level sensor S2 senses the dielectric constant of the liquid to be 50% in the liquid level condition 1 (the state where the first level sensor S1 is not immersed in the liquid and the second level sensor S2 is half immersed in the liquid) and the state where the liquid is not frozen.

At this time, in the liquid level condition 1 (a state where the first liquid level sensor S1 is not immersed in the liquid and the second liquid level sensor S2 is half immersed in the liquid) and in a state where the liquid is frozen, since the dielectric constant of ice is relatively higher than that of the liquid (e.g., water), the dielectric constant of the first liquid level sensor S1 sensing the liquid is 0%, and at the same time, the dielectric constant of the second liquid level sensor S2 sensing the liquid is 100%.

In addition, when the level sensor 10 according to the present invention is divided into a plurality of sensors each having a simple rectangular shape arranged in a line along the vertical direction of the liquid tank 40, the first level sensor S1 senses the dielectric constant of the liquid to be 0% and, at the same time, the second level sensor S2 senses the dielectric constant of the liquid to be 100% (the saturated state of the liquid level) under the liquid level condition 2 (the state in which the first level sensor S1 is not immersed in the liquid and the second level sensor S2 is completely immersed in the liquid) and the state in which the liquid is not frozen.

At this time, even in the liquid level condition 2 (a state in which the first liquid level sensor S1 is not immersed in the liquid and the second liquid level sensor S2 is completely immersed in the liquid) and in a state in which the liquid is frozen, since the first liquid level sensor S1 is not in contact with the liquid, the dielectric constant of the first liquid level sensor S1 sensing the liquid is 0%, and at the same time, the dielectric constant of the second liquid level sensor S2 sensing the liquid is 100%.

As described above, when the level sensor 10 according to the present invention is divided into a plurality of sensors each having a simple rectangular shape arranged in a column along the vertical direction of the liquid tank 40, according to the liquid level conditions 1 and 2, the first and second level sensors S1 and S2 sense that the dielectric constants are the same value in the liquid state and the frozen state of the liquid, so that it is impossible to determine whether the liquid is frozen, and thus, it may be impossible to accurately sense the frozen state of the liquid.

On the other hand, when the level sensor 10 according to the present invention is divided into a plurality of sensors each having a structure of oblique lines arranged in a column along the vertical direction of the liquid tank 40, the level sensor 10 can accurately sense whether the liquid is in a frozen state.

Referring to the left side of the drawing of fig. 19, when the level sensor 10 according to the present invention is divided into a plurality of sensors each having a structure of oblique lines arranged in a line along the vertical direction of the liquid tank 40, the first level sensor S1 senses the dielectric constant of the liquid to be 0% and, at the same time, the second level sensor S2 senses the dielectric constant of the liquid to be 50% in the liquid level condition 1 (the state where the first level sensor S1 is not immersed in the liquid and the second level sensor S2 is half immersed in the liquid).

At this time, when the liquid level condition 1 (a state in which the first liquid level sensor S1 is not immersed in the liquid and the second liquid level sensor S2 is half immersed in the liquid) and a state in which the liquid is frozen are satisfied, since the dielectric constant of ice is relatively higher than that of the liquid (e.g., water), the dielectric constant of the first liquid level sensor S1 sensing the liquid is 0%, and at the same time, the dielectric constant of the second liquid level sensor S2 sensing the liquid is 100%.

In addition, when the level sensor 10 according to the present invention is divided into a plurality of sensors each having a structure of oblique lines arranged in a line along the vertical direction of the liquid tank 40, the first level sensor S1 senses the dielectric constant of the liquid to be about 40% in the liquid level condition 2 (a state in which the first level sensor S1 is half-immersed into the liquid and the second level sensor S2 is completely immersed into the liquid due to the structure of oblique lines) and in a state in which the liquid is not frozen, and at the same time, the second level sensor S2 senses the dielectric constant of the liquid to be 100% (a saturated state of the liquid level).

At this time, when the liquid level condition 2 (a state in which the first liquid level sensor S1 is half-immersed into the liquid and the second liquid level sensor S2 is completely immersed into the liquid due to the structure having the oblique lines) is satisfied and the liquid is frozen, the first liquid level sensor S1 is in contact with the frozen ice to sense that the dielectric constant of the liquid is 100%, and at the same time, the second liquid level sensor S2 also senses that the dielectric constant of the liquid is 100%.

As described above, when the level sensor 10 according to the present invention is divided into a plurality of sensors each having a structure of oblique lines arranged in a line along the vertical direction of the liquid storage tank 40, the first and second level sensors S1 and S2 sense dielectric constants as different values in a liquid state and a frozen state of the liquid according to the liquid level conditions 1 and 2, and thus it is possible to determine whether the liquid is frozen, so that it is possible to accurately sense the frozen state of the liquid.

Referring to fig. 20, in actuality, when the level sensor 10 according to the present invention is divided into a plurality of sensors each having a V-shaped structure arranged in a line in the vertical direction of the liquid tank 40, and when the level sensor 10 according to the present invention is divided into a plurality of sensors each having a trapezoidal polygonal structure arranged in a line in the vertical direction of the liquid tank 40, the first level sensor S1 and the second level sensor S2 sense dielectric constants of different values in the liquid state and the frozen state of the liquid according to the liquid level conditions 1 and 2, similarly to the principle described with reference to the left side of the drawing of fig. 19, so that it is possible to determine whether the liquid is frozen, and thus, the frozen state of the liquid can be accurately sensed.

Meanwhile, a state in which the liquid in the liquid tank 40 is frozen can be distinguished from a liquid charging (refuel) state.

Referring to fig. 18A and 18B, the liquid levels in the sections T2 and T4 may be the same in the state where the liquid is naturally frozen and the liquid-added state.

At this time, when the liquid levels are the same, the liquid level sensor 10 cannot determine the frozen state of the liquid, but if the time for which the sensed value is increased is additionally determined, the liquid level sensor 10 can distinguish the frozen process state from the charged state.

In other words, when comparing the freeze process time T1 with the priming time T3, since the freeze process time T1 is a time when the fuel (liquid) freezes (freezes) as the temperature of the surrounding environment decreases, the freeze process time T1 may not be within a short period of time (e.g., within 5 minutes), and instead the priming time T3 may be within a short period of time (e.g., within 5 minutes).

Accordingly, the controller 30 may determine whether the fuel is in an icing (freezing) process state or a priming state by analyzing a rise time difference (difference between T1 and T3) in the sensed value of the level sensor 10.

Hereinafter, an example of operation control of the apparatus for monitoring a liquid level according to the present invention will be described.

Fig. 15 is a flowchart showing an example of operation control of the apparatus for monitoring a liquid level of the present invention.

First, the controller 30 determines whether the sensed value (dielectric constant) sensed by the liquid level sensor 10 is a normal value or an abnormal value (S101).

In other words, the controller 30 determines whether the sensed value sensed by the liquid level sensor 10 is a normal value sensing the liquid level of the liquid in the liquid state or an abnormal value sensing the liquid level of the liquid in the frozen state.

For example, as described above, when the level sensor 10 according to the present invention is divided into a plurality of sensors each having a structure of oblique lines arranged in a line along the vertical direction of the liquid tank 40, the controller 30 determines the sensed value (dielectric constant) sensed by the level sensor 10 to be a normal value when the first level sensor S1 senses that the dielectric constant of the liquid is 0% and the second level sensor S2 senses that the dielectric constant of the liquid is 50% in the liquid level condition 1 (the state in which the first level sensor S1 is not immersed in the liquid and the second level sensor S2 is half immersed in the liquid) and the state in which the liquid is not frozen.

On the other hand, as described above, when the level sensor 10 according to the present invention is divided into a plurality of sensors each having a structure of oblique lines arranged in a line along the vertical direction of the liquid tank 40, in the liquid level condition 1 (the state where the first level sensor S1 is not immersed in the liquid and the second level sensor S2 is half immersed in the liquid) and the state where the liquid is frozen, since the dielectric constant of ice is relatively higher than the dielectric constant of the liquid (e.g., water), when the first level sensor S1 senses that the dielectric constant of the liquid is 0% while the second level sensor S2 senses that the dielectric constant of the liquid is 100%, the controller 30 determines that the sensed value (dielectric constant) sensed by the level sensor 10 is an abnormal value.

At this time, when the sensed value (dielectric constant) sensed by the liquid level sensor 10 is determined to be a normal value, the controller 30 outputs the sensed value determined to be the normal value as a liquid level monitoring signal, i.e., a signal displayable on the display device 31 or the like (S102).

On the other hand, when the sensed value (dielectric constant) sensed by the liquid level sensor 10 is determined to be an abnormal value, the controller 30 performs a heating function of resolving the freezing of the liquid, and at this time performs the heating function by driving the heating device 32 in response to the control signal.

Preferably, before performing the heating function, the controller 30 determines whether the current ambient temperature received from the ambient temperature sensor 33 is a low temperature sufficient to cause the liquid to freeze (S103), because such sensing error is to be verified: the level sensor 10 outputs an abnormal value even if the current ambient temperature is insufficient to cause the liquid to freeze.

More preferably, before performing the heating function, the controller 30 calculates the number of times the current ambient temperature received from the ambient temperature sensor 33 is determined to be a high temperature insufficient to cause the freezing of the liquid (S104), and when the calculated number is greater than or equal to a reference value (i.e., a reference number of reference times) (S105), the controller 30 outputs a fault code of the liquid level sensor 10 (S106).

When the current ambient temperature is determined to be a low temperature sufficient to cause the freezing of the liquid in operation S103, a heating function of dissolving the freezing of the liquid is performed (S107), and at this point, the heating function is performed by transmitting a driving signal from the controller 30 to the heating device 32.

For example, when the frozen liquid is the washing liquid, a washer nozzle heater 32-1 installed at a washer nozzle, a heater 32-2 installed at a hose through which the washing liquid flows, and a reservoir heater 32-3 installed at a reservoir storing the washing liquid as the heating means 32 are driven so that the liquid (e.g., the washing liquid) can be easily melted.

Meanwhile, after the heating device 32 is driven, when the sensed value (dielectric constant) sensed by the level sensor 10 is determined to be a normal value, or the level sensor 10 alone measures a temperature and the measured temperature is determined to be greater than or equal to the reference temperature (S108), the controller 30 interrupts the driving of the heating device 32 (S109).

Alternatively, the controller 30 calculates the driving time of the heating device 32 (S110), and when the calculated driving time satisfies the reference calculation (S111), the controller 30 interrupts the driving of the heating device 32 (S112).

Alternatively, the level sensor 10 according to the present invention may directly generate heat to resolve the frozen state of the liquid.

In other words, as described above, when the frozen state of the liquid is determined, the liquid can be melted into a usable state by driving the heating device 32, but the level sensor 10 can directly generate heat to more easily resolve the frozen state of the liquid.

For this reason, referring to fig. 21, the controller 30 also applies a high frequency to the electrodes 12 of the level sensor 10 while driving the heating device 32, and the controller 30 applies a low frequency when the level sensor 10 performs a sensing operation, and applies a high frequency only when a heating function is required.

In this case, as shown in fig. 23, the CMC 16 included in the electromotive force amplifying layer 14 of the level sensor 10 has the following features: absorbing high frequency, converting the absorbed high frequency into thermal energy, and generating heat while simultaneously radiating the thermal energy to the outside.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 22, in addition to the electrode 12 constituting the level sensor 10, a high-frequency electrode 13 is additionally stacked on and attached to the electrode 12 to directly generate a high frequency, so that the CMC 16 included in the electromotive force amplifying layer 14 can more easily absorb the high frequency to convert the absorbed high frequency into thermal energy.

Therefore, the level sensor 10 according to the present invention can directly generate heat by high frequency, thereby more easily resolving freezing of liquid.

The present invention provides the following effects by the means for solving the above problems.

First, the liquid level sensor is improved by a structure having an electromotive force amplifying layer including electrodes and micro spiral carbon fibers (CMC), so that the sensing sensitivity of the liquid level sensor can be improved.

Second, the paste of the electromotive force amplifying layer performs an electrode protection function of preventing liquid from contacting the electrode, thereby preventing oxidation caused by direct contact of the electrode with the liquid, and thus the life of the electrode can be extended.

Third, the liquid level sensor can accurately sense the frozen state of the liquid to guide heating for dissolving the freezing of the liquid, so that the liquid filled in various liquid tanks of the vehicle can be prevented from freezing.

As described above, the liquid level sensor according to the present invention amplifies the electromotive force generated by the electrode at the electromotive force amplifying layer including the CMC, so that it is possible to improve sensing sensitivity, and also to determine whether the liquid is frozen, while it is possible to accurately sense the frozen state of the liquid to resolve the frozen state of the liquid.

The present invention is described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments thereof. However, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes may be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.