阅读说明：本技术 功率传输设备 (Power transmission equipment ) 是由 H.格拉夫 于 2019-05-15 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种功率传输设备,具体而言具有权利要求1前序部分特征的功率传输设备。本发明特征在于,液力的转速转换器/转矩转换器和液力联接器相互偏心地、优选相互平行地布置,并且通过在壳体中布置的分动器分别与功率传输设备的输入端在构成两个功率支路的情况下可连接。按照本发明,输出端(A)或者抗扭地与输出端耦连的构件配设有制动装置。(The present invention relates to a kind of power transmission equipments, specifically with the power transmission equipment of claim 1 preamble feature.The invention is characterised in that, rotational speed converter/the torque converter and hydraulic coupling of fluid power mutually prejudicially, with being preferably parallel to each other are arranged, and the transfer gear by arranging in the housing can be connect with the input terminal of power transmission equipment in the case where constituting two power legs respectively.According to the present invention, output end (A) or the component torsionally coupled with output end are equipped with brake apparatus.)

1. a kind of power transmission equipment (1), with shell (30),

The input terminal (E) that can be connect with drive train (2) at least one and at least can indirectly with machine for doing work (3) The output end (A) of connection,

With mechanical or mechanical-the first power of hydraulic type in the force flow being arranged between input terminal (E) and output end (A) Branch (7) and other the second branched power (8) including hydrokinetic rotational speed converter/torque converter (6), the second function Rate branch (8) includes at least one pump impeller (P₆), at least one turbine (T₆) and at least one guide wheel (L), wherein it is described two Power leg (7,8) can be connect by superposition gearing (13) with output end (A)；

First and second power legs (7,8) are arranged in parallel to each other and the transfer gear (9) by being arranged in shell (30) Can connect with the input terminal (E) of power transfering device (1) respectively or respectively with input terminal (E) phase of power transfering device (1) Connection；

It is characterized in that,

Output end (A) or the component torsionally coupled with output end are equipped with brake apparatus (37).

2. power transmission equipment (1) described in accordance with the claim 1,

It is characterized in that,

Output end (A) or the component torsionally coupled with output end are equipped for interrupting the force flow for leading to machine for doing work (3) Device (26), along from the input terminal (E) to the force flow direction of output end (A) of power transmission equipment (1) from, the device arrange After the brake apparatus (35).

3. power transmission equipment (1) according to claim 1 or 2,

It is characterized in that,

Device (36) for interrupting the force flow for leading to machine for doing work (3) includes at least one element in the following group:

Detachable clutch

Dissoluble attachment device.

4. according to power transmission equipment described in claims 1 to 3 (1),

It is characterized in that,

The brake apparatus (35) is designed as shutdown braking device and/or especially includes at least one disc brake apparatus or piece Formula brake apparatus.

5. according to power transmission equipment described in Claims 1-4 (1),

It is characterized in that,

It is provided with safety device between superposition gearing (13) and device (36) for interrupting force flow, safety device includes For output shaft (A) to be locked into the locking device that can not be rotated (37).

6. according to power transmission equipment described in one of claim 1 to 5 (1),

It is characterized in that,

First power leg (7) includes hydraulic coupling (4), and the hydraulic coupling includes at least one pump impeller (P) and at least One turbine (T), and the hydraulic coupling (4) is configured to adjust connector, is especially configured to have adjustable draw The hydraulic coupling (4) of pipe.

7. according to power transmission equipment described in one of claim 1 to 6 (1),

It is characterized in that,

In order to realize mechanical direct-drive, direct-connected logical or bridging device (5) of the setting for the connector (4) of fluid power.

8. according to power transmission equipment described in one of the claims (1),

It is characterized in that,

It is observed in installation site, rotational speed converter/torque converter (6) of the hydraulic coupling (4) and fluid power is along input The end on observation between (E) and output end (A) is held, do not have offset ground or there is offset ground arrangement.

9. according to power transmission equipment described in one of claim 1 to 8 (1),

It is characterized in that,

Mechanical the first power leg (7) does not have other revolving speed conversion equipment and/or torque conversion equipment, is especially designed as Mechanical direct drive, and the second power leg (8) does not have rotational speed converter/torque converter relative to fluid power (6) the revolving speed conversion equipment and/or torque conversion equipment being additionally arranged.

10. according to power transmission equipment described in one of claim 1 to 9 (1),

It is characterized in that,

First and second power legs do not have other revolving speed conversion equipment and/or torque conversion equipment.

11. according to power transmission equipment described in one of the claims (1),

It is characterized in that,

Be disposed with for brake and/or fixed overlay transmission device (13) with the attachable input terminal of hydraulic coupling (15) Device (32), and the device (32) and/or for brake and/or fixed overlay transmission device (13) can with fluid power turn The device (27) of the input terminal (16) of fast converter/torque converter (6) connection is as brake apparatus from the following group brake apparatus It constructs selectedly:

The brake apparatus (29) of fluid power,

Mechanical brake apparatus, especially disc brake apparatus or chip brake apparatus

Shutdown braking device.

12. according to power transmission equipment described in one of the claims (1),

It is characterized in that,

The transfer gear (9) includes at least one input terminal (10), which constitutes the input terminal of power transmission equipment (1) (E), it or is at least at least torsionally connected indirectly with the input terminal of power transmission equipment, the transfer gear (9) includes at least Two output ends (11,12), they are mutually prejudicially arranged, wherein the first output end and the first power leg (7) and/or liquid Pump impeller (the P of power connector (4)₄) at least indirectly connection, and rotational speed converter/torque of second output terminal (12) and fluid power Pump impeller (the P of converter (6)₆) at least indirectly connection.

13. power transmission equipment (1) according to claim 12,

It is characterized in that,

The input terminal (10) of transfer gear (9) can the coaxially or prejudicially input terminal relative to one of power leg (7,8) Arrangement, wherein input terminal by one of hydrodynamic component (4,6) pump impeller (P₄,P₆) or mechanical direct drive axis structure At.

14. according to power transmission equipment described in one of the claims (1),

It is characterized in that,

Transmission device (13) are added up relative to one of one of power leg (7,8), hydrodynamic component (4,6), i.e. hydraulic coupling (4) Or fluid power rotational speed converter/torque converter (6) is coaxially arranged, and the output of another corresponding hydrodynamic component (6,4) (A) and the coupling of superposition gearing, especially cumulative transmission device (13) is held to carry out by connection transmission device.

15. according to power transmission equipment described in one of the claims (1),

It is characterized in that,

Superposition gearing (13) includes at least one planetary driving device (14), and the planetary driving device has at least indirectly With the turbine (T of hydraulic coupling (4)₄) connection first element (19), at least indirectly rotational speed converter/torque with fluid power Turbine (the T of converter (6)₆) coupling second element (20) and at least indirectly the output end (A) with power transmission equipment (1) The third element (17) of connection or composition power transmission equipment output end, wherein

The first element (19) of planetary driving device (14) is made of gear ring (22), and second element (20) is by planet carrier (23) structure At third element (21) is made of the sun gear (24) of planet gear transmission device (14).

16. according to power transmission equipment described in one of claim 8 to 15 (1),

It is characterized in that,

Transfer gear (9) includes at least one roller gear group, wherein the output end of transfer gear in this way with roller gear coupling or It being constructed by roller gear, i.e. the output end (11,12) of transfer gear (9) is driven along identical rotation direction, or

Transfer gear (9) includes at least one roller gear group, wherein the output end of transfer gear in this way with roller gear coupling or It is constructed by roller gear, i.e., the described output end is driven along different rotation directions.

17. according to power transmission equipment described in one of claim 8 to 16 (1),

It is characterized in that,

Liquid force converter (6) is designed as reverse converter, and transfer gear (9) include tool there are two or even number roller gear Roller gear group, wherein the first output end (11) of transfer gear (9) is made of the first roller gear, the second of transfer gear (9) Output end (12) is by with steering driven second roller gear or other cylinder opposite relative to the first roller gear Gear is constituted.

18. according to power transmission equipment described in one of claim 8 to 16 (1), which is characterized in that

Liquid force converter (6) is designed as converter in the same direction, and transfer gear (9) include tool there are three or odd number roller gear Roller gear group, wherein the first output end (11) of transfer gear (9) is made of the first roller gear, the second of transfer gear (9) Output end (12) is by relative to the first roller gear driven second roller gear of identical steering or other cylinder Gear is constituted.

19. according to power transmission equipment described in one of the claims (1),

It is characterized in that,

Other the second fluid power rotational speed converter/torque converter (32), second liquid are provided in the second power leg Power rotational speed converter/torque converter (32) is coaxially arranged relative to the fluid power rotational speed converter/torque converter (6), Wherein, the second fluid power rotational speed converter/torque converter (32) has the transfer characteristic different from the first converter (6), And each converter can be used in different ranges of operation.

20. drive train of the one kind for using drive train (2), especially with constant driving revolving speed drives machine for doing work (3), the especially power train (31) of the machine for doing work (3) of variable speed has according to function described in one of claim 1 to 20 Rate transmission device (1), wherein the machine for doing work (3) be configured to the conveying device of fluid, be especially configured to compressor, Pump or centrifugal pump, boiler feed pump.

21. power train (31) according to claim 20,

It is characterized in that,

Drive train (2) is constructed as the element in following element groups:

Turbine, especially steam turbine or gas turbine；

Motor；

Internal combustion engine；

By turbine and motor drive mechanism at assembled unit.

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of power transmission equipments, and specifically the power with claim 1 preamble feature passes Transfer device.Power transmission equipment be particularly suitable for from the input shaft that there is the drive train of not variable speed to be at least indirectly connected to With the machine for doing work of modified revolving speed at least indirectly the transmission of the power of attachable output shaft.The invention further relates to one kind The power train of the machine for doing work of variable speed, especially pump drive comprising at least one turbine, especially steam turbine shape The drive train of formula is through power transmission equipment to machine for doing work.

Background technique

This power transmission equipment is from numerous embodiments known in the art.It is divided into herein dynamic with adjustable fluid The second embodiment of the first embodiment of mechanics connector and the power dividing with machinery fluid dynamics.For second The representative of embodiment please refers to document DE 34 41 877 A1 and DE 10 2,008 034 607.Two documents all disclose A kind of power transmission equipment of the machine for doing work for driving variable speed, the power transmission equipment by fluid power branch and have The transmission device of planetary driving device is constituted.The power leg of fluid power is realized by the converter of fluid power and passes through the converter It is adjustable in terms of its revolving speed.The branch of the fluid power and the power leg of Mechanical transformation in planetary driving device again Merge and driving machine for doing work is driven with desired revolving speed with this, although the drive of power transmission unit of the driving at input shaft Motivation group is with constant rotation speed operation.

2016/012317 A1 of document WO discloses a kind of embodiment of the power transmission equipment with power leg, Wherein, the hydraulic power branch and other power leg that can be realized by converter are prejudicially arranged and by superposition transmissions Device converges again.Adjusting connector (Regelkupplung) shape of fluid power also can be set in the other power leg The hydraulic power pack of formula.In installation site, this parallel arrangement mode can be in a horizontal or vertical plane It carries out, can also be carried out in the plane both horizontally and vertically mutually to offset.Eccentric arrangement one side advantage is Expensive swivel joint can be saved, on the other hand the power transmission equipment of the make along axially compact is provided.By parallel cloth The feasible transmission device integrated caused by setting enables the driving revolving speed at single hydraulic power pack with corresponding side Formula is changed and converts, and on the one hand enables compact small-sized hydraulic power unit to be relied on, furthermore power transmission equipment also can It is installed in existing utility in a simple manner, without providing additional measure, especially transmission device.Here, power transmission Equipment can adjust the requirement for adapting to applicable cases in optimal manner corresponding to the design of transfer gear.In total range of operation In single range of operation, power transmission passes through different power legs respectively and carries out.In the function of the connector by hydraulic power In the case where rate is transmitted, the converter of hydraulic power is drained.This is equally applicable to by converter and in the second other function Mechanical direct drive power transmission in rate branch.

This power transmission equipment is in the power train for the machine for doing work of variable speed, especially in power plant application In, for example for driving boiler feed pump by steam turbine.The upkeep operation of machine for doing work has very high safety requirements, this A little safety requirements cause the various high consumings in machine for doing work according to the type of machine for doing work.Particularly with boiler feedwater The pump drive of the steam turbine driving of pump drive form is required of, in order to enable boiler feed pump is shut down and will be steamed Steam turbine shutdown decouples steam turbine and power transmission equipment.The shutdown of steam turbine means very big time consumption Take, and the feasible decoupling of steam turbine and power transmission equipment is time-consuming that high cost is just able to achieve and same.

Summary of the invention

Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to so that this consuming is minimized and is specifically improved described in beginning The power transmission equipment of type, so that in application, with simple means in the power train of the machine for doing work with variable speed Reliably guarantee the shutdown of machine for doing work at any time in the shortest time and with the smallest consuming.Especially given in boiler In the case where the pump drive of the steam turbine driving of water pump driving device form, it can eliminate for boiler feed pump shutdown And the bothersome solution for the time-consuming shutdown or steam turbine and power transmission equipment for making the driving of steam turbine form mechanical Coupling.

Solution according to the invention passes through the character representation of claim 1 and 20.Advantageous design scheme is documented in In dependent claims.

A kind of power transmission equipment, with shell and following characteristics:

It can be indirectly connected with at least one input terminal that can be connect with drive train and at least with machine for doing work Output end,

There is mechanical first branched power and the other packet being arranged in the force flow between input terminal and output end Include the second branched power of rotational speed converter/torque converter of fluid power, second branched power include at least one pump impeller, At least one turbine and at least one guide wheel, wherein the two power legs can be connected with output end by superposition gearing It connects；

- the first and second power legs arrange in parallel to each other and by arrangement transfer gear in the housing respectively with function The input terminal of rate transmission device can connect or be connected respectively with the input terminal of power transmission equipment.

According to present invention provide that, output end, especially output shaft or torsionally with output shaft coupling component be arranged brake Device.

Term " axis " is understood with functionality.It includes machine element, axis, hollow shaft, also includes capable of undertaking for rotational symmetry The component of the effect of axis.

At least indirectly connection it is meant that connection directly or indirectly can be arranged in intermediate transmission unit by other Part, such as simple connecting element or transmission device carry out.

The advantages of solution according to the invention, is, in determining operating status, especially in emptying hydrodynamic component In the case that Shi Jinguan trailing moment has been introduced into power transfering device, output end, especially output shaft can be safely and completely It is imported into method dead ship condition in a simple manner and can be braked by brake apparatus to stopping.

According to particularly advantageous Curve guide impeller, extraly for output shaft or torsionally, the component with output shaft coupling is arranged For interrupting the device for leading to the force flow of machine for doing work, along from input terminal to the force flow of output end, especially input shaft to output shaft It observes the device and is arranged in after brake apparatus in direction.Guaranteed in an advantageous manner with this in power transmission equipment and machine for doing work Between and thus between drive train and machine for doing work simple, can fast implementing and complete machinery disengaging.Especially In the case that it drives boiler feed pump in power station is applied, the advantages of solution is can be the case where being mechanically detached from The lower upkeep operation carried out at boiler feed pump, and steam turbine is still rotating.Therefore it can be reduced the down time of whole system.

There are a variety of possibilities in terms of for interrupting the construction for leading to the device of force flow of Work machine.In simplest feelings In condition comprising dissoluble attachment device or detachable clutch.The latter can manually or automatically run.Its In, it can be the connector of frictional fit or shape cooperation.In addition, it can mechanical, fluid pressure type, pneumatic type, electronic type Or it is manipulated in combination by these.Here it is particularly advantageous that standard component can be used.Dissoluble connection for example can be with By the realization that loosens of the connecting element between the component that mutually couples, but can also be by taking out at two torsionally mutually Connecting component between the component of connection is realized.

Brake apparatus may be designed in different type.Its effect for undertaking shutdown braking device.Advantageously, braking dress It installs and is calculated as mechanical brake apparatus, especially disc brake apparatus, such as chip brake apparatus.It can be mechanical to its manipulation Formula, fluid pressure type, pneumatic type, electronic type or the progress in combination by these.In the case where hydraulic operation, as pressure medium The working media of hydrodynamic component can be used.Other design schemes of brake apparatus are also to be contemplated that.

In being advantageously improved design scheme, preferably with respect to one of above-mentioned measure extraly in superposition gearing and system Safety device is set between dynamic device, which includes for output shaft to be locked as non-rotatable locking device.It should Locking device is designed as mechanical locking device in simplest situation, and the mechanical locking device is by axis relative to not Dynamic component, such as shell are fixed.

In the design aspect of power transmission equipment, there are a variety of feasible programs.

In the first embodiment of power transmission equipment, the first power leg can be structured as machinery-fluid power power Branch.In this case, hydraulic coupling is disposed in the first power leg.According to the second embodiment party of power transmission equipment Formula, the first power leg are configured to mechanical direct-drive, that is do not have liquid between transfer gear and superposition driving device Power component.

According to the first design scheme of first embodiment construct, power transmission equipment particularly compact in the axial directionly, The component for the fluid power being arranged in two power legs almost without offsetting is arranged in two differences along axial direction in parallel to each other Power leg in.Here, the degree of eccentricity substantially determines power conversion unit along axial structure size.

In alternative construction, the component of fluid power is arranged with having offsetting along axial direction.To collect when there are also additional function element When in single power leg, this is especially beneficial.Furthermore this add-on assemble may is that

A) the second converter with other transfer characteristics in the second power leg.Advantage is in the first converter Efficiency decline the range of speeds in improved efficiency.

B) system additional between the turbine of the connector of planetary gear transmission mechanism and fluid power in the first power leg Dynamic device.

However also it is possible that above-mentioned add-on assemble is integrated in the hydrodynamic component specified in two power legs along axial In the layout not offsetted.

In general, power transmission is carried out in different ranges of operation by hydraulic coupling and liquid force converter.In particular The soft starting of realization and transmission of the control/adjusting in the first power leg in the subrange of total range of operation, thus Hydraulic coupling is configured to adjust connector.This may be realized in various forms.In simplest situation, the connector With regulating device, which includes dip-tubeFor influencing working media amount.Dip-tube is can Adjustment.The adjustability for example can use the progress of durection component radially and/or axially.

The active control that other feasible program is working media input and/or is discharged from working cycles.

In the Curve guide impeller of first embodiment, in order to realize the mechanical direct biography between input terminal and output end Dynamic, setting is for direct-connected logical (Durchschalten) of the connector of fluid power or the device of bridging.In simplest situation In, which is configured to mechanical bridging connector.Connector for direct-connected logical device and fluid power is at least in parallel may be used (or for can clutch, switchable) of connection.At least parallel connectivity of hydraulic coupling and attachable connector It is meant that each connector itself individually and with another connector can independently manipulate.Here, power transmission is at least Each connector in one operating status only by two connectors carries out.It is also contemplated that in other operation Two connectors can be steered in state, wherein attachable connector is hydraulic relative to what is be still filled in this state Power connector bridging, so that torque does not pass through hydraulic coupling itself and transmits, and is still realized between input terminal and output end Mechanical direct-drive.

In particularly advantageous construction, the first and second power legs do not have other revolving speed conversion equipment and/or turn Square conversion equipment, i.e. setting only one hydraulic coupling and a converter.In this case, power transmission equipment is configured to It is especially short.

According to the present invention construct, according to second embodiment power transmission equipment have shell, at least one With the attachable input terminal of drive train and at least one with machine for doing work at least indirectly attachable output end, have and be arranged in The first mechanical power leg and rotational speed converter other, including fluid power in force flow between input terminal and output end/ Second power leg of torque converter, the second power leg include at least one pump impeller, at least one turbine and at least one Guide wheel, wherein the two power legs can be connect with output end by superposition gearing, which is characterized in that first and second Power leg arrange in parallel to each other and by arrangement transfer gear in the housing respectively with the input terminal of power transmission equipment It can connect, and the first mechanical power leg does not have other revolving speed conversion equipment and/or torque conversion equipment, especially structure It makes as mechanical direct drive, and the second power leg does not have the rotational speed converter relative to fluid power/torque conversion The revolving speed conversion equipment and/or torque conversion equipment of device over-specification.

Mechanical direct drive is interpreted as between the output end of transfer gear and the input terminal of superposition gearing not With revolving speed conversion and/or the direct coupling of torque possibility of transformation.In simplest situation, herein relate to by one or The connection shaft device of multiple axis compositions torsionally interconnected.

The solution of the eccentric arrangement of the converter of hydraulic power and mechanical direct drive is the advantage is that one Aspect, especially eliminates expensive swivel joint in the case of a parallel arrangement, on the other hand provides the construction along axially compact The power transmission equipment of mode.The feasible transmission device integrated caused by being arranged in parallel makes in single power leg Driving revolving speed can change and convert in the corresponding way, and therefore can preferably adjust and adapt to specific application bar Part.

In two kinds of embodiments, transfer gear includes at least one input terminal, which constitutes power transmission equipment Input terminal, or be at least at least torsionally connected indirectly with the input terminal of power transmission equipment.Transfer gear includes at least two Output end, they are mutually prejudicially arranged, wherein the first output end and the first power leg, especially second embodiment Mechanical direct drive or with the pump impeller of the hydraulic coupling of first embodiment at least indirectly connection, and second Rotational speed converter/torque converter pump impeller of output end and fluid power and with this with the second power leg at least indirectly even It connects.The torque transmission relative to single power leg is realized with this.

Relative to the specific configuration of transfer gear itself, hydrodynamic component and/or single power leg and superposition pass Dynamic device using and arrangement aspect there are many feasible program.

The input terminal of transfer gear coaxially or can arrange prejudicially relative to the input terminal of single power leg, In, input terminal is made of the axis of the pump impeller of hydrodynamic component or the direct drive of machinery.Coaxial arrangement tool It having the advantage that, a power leg is directly loaded with the torque for the input end for being present in power transmission equipment, and eccentric Arrangement allows for deceleration transmission device or step-up drive device to be integrated into single power leg, with this realize power leg, The improved adjustment of particular condition in use is adapted to especially in the case of hydrodynamic component optimal design.

For this purpose, according to the first construction, the transfer gear with deceleration transmission is designed to the first and/or second power branch Road, and according to the second construction, the transfer gear with step-up drive is designed for the first and/or second power leg.It can be with this In other variations, only by design hydrodynamic component and transfer gear adjust in a simple manner basic configuration adapt to it is different Power train requirement.

In advantageous construction, transfer gear includes at least one roller gear group, wherein the output end of transfer gear in this way with Roller gear is coupled or is constructed by roller gear, i.e., output end is driven along identical rotation direction.

In alternative construction, transfer gear includes at least one roller gear group, and the output end of transfer gear is in this way and cylinder Gear is coupled or is constructed by roller gear, i.e., output end is driven along different rotation directions.

Especially liquid force converter be designed as flyback converter and especially superposition gearing input end have difference Rotation direction in the case where, transfer gear include tool there are two or even number roller gear roller gear group, wherein transfer First output end of device is made of the first roller gear, and the second output terminal of transfer gear is by with opposite relative to the first roller gear Driven second roller gear of steering or other roller gear constitute.Make on the contrary, having in power transmission equipment In the case where liquid force converter for converter in the same direction, transfer gear include tool there are three or odd number roller gear Cylinder Gear Wheel group, wherein the first output end of transfer gear is made of the first roller gear, and the second output terminal of transfer gear is by relative to One roller gear driven second roller gear of identical steering or other roller gear are constituted.

For the power transmission equipment of first embodiment, at least one fluid power is respectively provided in one of power leg Component, transfer gear preferably include at least one input terminal, which constitutes the input terminal of power transmission device, or at least minimum It is torsionally connected indirectly with the input terminal of power transmission equipment.Transfer gear includes at least two output ends, they are mutually eccentric Ground arrangement, wherein the pump impeller of the first output end and hydraulic coupling is at least indirectly connection, and second output terminal and fluid power Rotational speed converter/torque converter pump impeller is at least indirectly connection.It is realized with this relative to single hydrodynamic component and with this reality Now transmitted relative to the torque of power leg.

There is liquid force converter and for the power transmission equipment of second embodiment, i.e. in the second power leg One power leg is configured to mechanical direct drive, does not have hydrodynamic component, then transfer gear preferably includes at least one Input terminal, the input terminal constitute power transmission equipment input terminal or at least it is minimum indirectly with the input of power transmission equipment End is torsionally connected.Transfer gear includes at least two output ends, they are mutually prejudicially arranged, wherein the first output end and the The element of one power leg, especially be superimposed driving device coupling axis connection, and the revolving speed of second output terminal and fluid power turn Parallel operation/torque converter pump impeller is at least indirectly connection.

According to particularly advantageous Curve guide impeller, the input terminal of transfer gear and at least one first output end of transfer gear are mutual Be coaxially arranged, wherein it is preferred that the rotational speed converter of the first output end and fluid power/torque converter coupling, therefore it is available with The identical revolving speed load of input end.Hydraulic coupling or machinery direct drive just with the input relative to transfer gear Hold the output end connection prejudicially arranged, wherein the coupling between input terminal and the output end preferably passes through deceleration transmission reality It is existing.Peripheral speed excessively high at the hollow wheel of planetary gear transmission mechanism in other words at direct drive is avoided with this. The design scheme of eccentric arrangement with input terminal and power leg is also thinkable.

However, depending on the requirement of applicable cases, it is also feasible for driving up.

It is nonetheless contemplated that be arrangement of two output ends of transfer gear relative to input terminal bias.

Here, there are a variety of feasible programs in terms of the construction of transfer gear itself.Preferably, transfer gear is designed as having The roller gear group of odd number roller gear, wherein the input terminal of power transmission equipment and the output end of transfer gear are coaxially set Meter, and the transmission designs between input terminal and the output end of transfer gear connecting with the pump impeller of hydraulic coupling are to subtract Fast driver.

The hydraulic coupling used in the first embodiment includes at least one pump impeller and at least one turbine.Pump impeller is extremely It is few to direct or through that other transmitting device, i.e. roller gear group is connect herein with input terminal, preferably indirectly, and turbine is extremely Pass through superposition gearing herein with the output end of power transmission equipment indirectly less to connect.Fluid power rotational speed converter/torque turns Parallel operation includes at least one pump impeller, at least one turbine and at least one guide wheel.Here, pump impeller is at least set with power transmission indirectly Standby input terminal can couple, and turbine is at least coupled with output end by superposition gearing indirectly.

As in two kinds of embodiments, it is preferable to use with adjustable pump blade and/or guide vane for transducer type Converter in the same direction.In the case where using flyback converter, transfer gear can be reduced to even number roller gear, especially have The design of two roller gears is enough.

According to particularly advantageous design, superposition gearing is coaxially arranged relative to one in two power legs, It is especially coaxially arranged in the first embodiment relative to one in two hydrodynamic components or in this second embodiment It is coaxially arranged relative to mechanical direct-drive or liquid force converter.

Preferably, according to the arrangement of the first construction of the second embodiment of power transmission equipment relative to machinery Direct drive coaxially, or in the first embodiment of power transmission equipment relative to hydraulic coupling coaxially, It is coaxially carried out especially with respect to the turbine of hydraulic coupling.Turn with the fluid power revolving speed prejudicially arranged relative to hydraulic coupling Parallel operation/torque converter, especially turbine are coupled in simplest situation through substance roller gear to progress.Other designs Scheme is also feasible.

According to the second alternative construction it is envisioned that superposition gearing and fluid power rotational speed converter/torque are converted Device is coaxially arranged.

Here, single layout feasible program is substantially dependent on the construction of superposition gearing.Superposition gearing exists It include only one planetary driving device in simplest situation, which includes the of at least one gear ring form The third element of one element, the second element of planet carrier form and sun gear form, wherein sun gear and power transmission equipment Output end coupling, or constitute the output end of power transmission equipment.Especially in the case where hydraulic coupling and gear ring couple, the One Variant Design is particularly advantageous, because being able to achieve the coupling with gear ring in a simple manner herein, and the revolving speed of fluid power turns simultaneously Connection of the parallel operation/torque converter on planet carrier can be by substance roller gear to realization.

In there is the alternative design scheme coaxially arranged relative to rotational speed converter/torque converter of fluid power, It, can only be real by a corresponding transmission ratio by the driving of gear ring although also carrying out simple planet carrier connection herein It is existing.

If superposition gearing includes at least one planetary driving device, and the planetary driving device have at least indirectly with Hydraulic coupling turbine connection first element, at least indirectly rotational speed converter/torque converter turbine with fluid power The second element of coupling and connect at least indirectly the output end with power transmission equipment or constitute power transmission equipment The third element of output end, then the first element of planetary driving device is made of gear ring in particularly advantageous layout, second Element is made of planet carrier and third element is made of the sun gear of planetary driving device.

It is provided in the particularly advantageous construction of this Curve guide impeller, in liquid in the force flow between input terminal and output end Brake apparatus is disposed with after rotational speed converter/torque converter of power and before superposition gearing.It can be folded with this Add transmission designs be planet gear transmission device in the case where carry out element support.When direct-connected logical opening and converter When emptying, i.e., in the adjustable range of connector when, brake especially in the first power leg with hydraulic coupling the It is active in one embodiment.

The brake apparatus used between converter and superposition driving device in the first embodiment can be designed as not Same type.Its effect for undertaking shutdown braking device.Advantageously, the brake assembly design is the brake apparatus of fluid power.Fluid power Brake apparatus include rotor and stator, the turbine of rotor and converter can couple, and stator is supported on motionless component especially shell On body.The design scheme allows braking without abrasion, and also allow using in converter and/or hydraulic coupling Identical working media supply system.The advantages of hydraulic braking device, also resides in lesser structure size.

Alternative design scheme is that brake apparatus is configured to mechanical brake apparatus, especially disc brake apparatus, such as piece Formula brake apparatus.It can mechanical, fluid pressure type, pneumatic type, electronic type or by these progress in combination to its manipulation.In In the case where hydraulic operation, the working media of hydrodynamic component can be used as pressure medium.Other design sides of brake apparatus Case is also to be contemplated that.

In being advantageously improved design scheme, preferably with respect to one of above-mentioned measure extraly in superposition gearing and system Safety device is set between dynamic device, which includes for preventing from reversing and the locking device of locking.The locking device Mechanical locking device is designed as in simplest situation, the mechanical locking device is by axis relative to motionless structure Part, such as shell are fixed.

Substantially it is contemplated that a variety of parallel arrangements, can be extended with additional component.

It can be it is envisioned that, it is specified that with other transfer characteristics second in Curve guide impeller to two kinds of design schemes The second converter in power leg.Advantage is the improved efficiency in the range of speeds that the efficiency of the first converter declines.

Particularly advantageous application be used in for drive machine for doing work, especially with drive train, especially with not Become in the machine for doing work of the variable speed of the power train of driving revolving speed.Power transmission equipment is arranged in force flow between the two.In This, machine for doing work be preferably configured as the conveying device for fluid, be especially configured to compressor, pump or centrifugal pump, boiler to Water pump, and drive train is configured to internal combustion engine, turbine, especially steam or gas turbine or motor.

Drive train as motorjbrm is contemplated that synchronous or asynchronous machine, especially 50Hz or 60Hz；2, The design of 4,6 poles.

Feasible machine for doing work is pump, especially: boiler feed pump, compressor or blower.Special application field be Use in power generating equipment.Here, the parallel arrangement in the way of according to the invention can provide in a simple manner to be had In the power transmission equipment of the transmission assembly of design aspect optimization, wherein can to available driving machinery and machine for doing work into The optimal adjustment adaptation of row.

Detailed description of the invention

Illustrate solution according to the invention in the accompanying drawings below.In attached drawing:

The exemplary function shown with rough schematic view according to first embodiment with brake apparatus on the output of Fig. 1 The basic principle and basic function of rate transmission device；

Fig. 2 illustrates the particularly advantageous construction of the power transmission equipment according to first embodiment；

Fig. 3 shows second of the alternative in a power leg with the direct drive power transmission equipment of Purely mechanical Embodiment；

Fig. 4, which is shown, is advantageously improved design according to the power transmission equipment of first embodiment.

Specific embodiment

The exemplary basic structure that the power transmission equipment 1 constructed according to the present invention is shown with the design simplified very much of Fig. 1 And basic principle, between the drive train 2 for being arranged in power train 31, only schematically showing herein and machine for doing work 3.In This, power transmission equipment 1 include at least one, at least indirectly, direct or through other transfer element and driving machine The 2 input terminal E that can couple of group and at least one, at least indirectly, direct or through other transfer element and working machine The output terminals A that tool 3 can couple.Be disposed between input terminal E and output terminals A the rotational speed converter of hydraulic coupling 4 and fluid power/ Torque converter 6, is hereafter referred to simply as liquid force converter.This is arranged in shell 30 and carries out.

Input terminal E or output terminals A are made of component, carry out power importing by the component or power exports.Preferably, component It is made of axis, especially solid shafting or hollow shaft.However similar component be also possible to other for coupling rotatable members, Such as flange etc..

Hydraulic coupling 4 includes at least one pump impeller P₄With at least one turbine T₄.Hydraulic coupling 4 is equipped for liquid Direct-connected logical or bridging the device 5 of power connector 4.Device 5 can be so-called bridging connector in simplest situation.So And the bridging can also be realized with other mode.This can provide or have and pump impeller and whirlpool directly between pump impeller and turbine Take turns the component being torsionally connected.

Liquid force converter 6 includes the pump impeller P that at least one is not shown specifically in Fig. 1₆, at least one turbine T₆At least One guide wheel L6.Liquid force converter 6 is used herein to revolving speed conversion and is also used for torque conversion, and hydraulic coupling 4 only has revolving speed The function of converter.Hydraulic coupling 4 and liquid force converter 6 are not coaxially arranged, but mutually prejudicially in two function In rate branch 7 and 8.Power leg 7 and 8, which is arranged, between input terminal E and output terminals A and at least realizes each independent pass through The power transmission of one power leg 7 or 8 or to realize power transmission by the branched power of two branches, mode is two A power leg 7,8 is concurrently run and therefore power transmission equipment is worked with branched power.Power is divided by transfer gear 9 On cloth to two power legs, the input terminal of transfer gear 9 otherwise can relative to one of hydrodynamic component 4 or 6 with one heart carry out, It can prejudicially be carried out relative to the two.It is realized and is converged by the superposition gearing 13 to work as cumulative transmission device It closes, wherein one, two the outstanding hydrodynamic component 4 or 6 of the input terminal of superposition gearing 13 relative to two power legs One coaxially carry out, or can also prejudicially be carried out relative to the two.

According to the present invention, output terminals A, the component for especially constituting the output shaft of output end or torsionally being coupled with output shaft Brake apparatus 35 is arranged.Furthermore output shaft or the component torsionally coupled with output shaft are arranged leads to machine for doing work for interrupting The device 36 of 3 force flow.Along from the force flow direction of input terminal E to output terminals A, machine for doing work 3 is arranged in brake apparatus 35 Later.Here, brake apparatus 35 and/or device 36 carry out attaching directly with respect to output shaft, or relative to torsionally with Export the component of axis connection, the component of for example additional extending shaft form is attached, the extending shaft is for example radially or axial It can be with self-supporting.

Device 36 for interrupting the force flow for leading to machine for doing work 3 can be designed as various forms of.In simplest feelings Form in condition as detachable clutch or releasable connector.

It is provided with safety device between cumulative or superposition gearing 13 and device 36 for interrupting force flow, safety Device includes the locking device 37 for preventing from torsionally locking output shaft.For safety device for example including bolt, which will Output shaft is fixed relative to static component, such as shell 30.

For output terminals A or the reliable shutdown of output shaft, following measures are carried out:

Direct-connected logical (device), i.e. changeable connector 5 are opened；

Empty hydraulic coupling 4 (dip-tube 0%)；

The minimum speed of machine for doing work,

Brake apparatus 35 and driven end dead halt on output shaft are enabled,

Locking device 37, especially bolt of the installation for optional mechanical locking are enabled,

Device 36 is enabled, such as between output terminals A and machine for doing work 3, the machine for doing work of such as boiler feed pump form Connector be removed, to constitute complete mechanical be detached from.

The single pump impeller P of hydraulic coupling 4₄With the pump impeller P of liquid force converter 6₆At least indirectly, biography is directed or through The input terminal E of defeated element and power transmission equipment 1 is coupled.Here, term coupling be interpreted as effect on connection, the connection by The input terminal E of the power transmission equipment and corresponding pump impeller P of hydraulic coupling₄Or the pump impeller P of liquid force converter₆Between it is antitorque Connection or intermediate arrangement the transfer element composition with or without revolving speed conversion/torque conversion.In order to by two liquid Power component and input terminal E coupling are provided with transfer gear 9, and the force flow observation between input terminal E and output terminals A, transfer gear 9 is arranged Before two hydrodynamic components 4 and 6.Transfer gear is indicated with 9.Transfer gear 9 is integrated in shell 30 and defeated including at least one Enter end 10, input terminal 10 can be made of the input terminal E of power transmission equipment or or the input with power transmission equipment Hold E coupling.Transfer gear 9 further includes at least two output ends, i.e., the first output end 11 connecting with hydraulic coupling 4, at least between Connect the second output terminal 12 connecting with liquid force converter 6.Here, the coupling of output end 11 and 12 is utilized respectively hydraulic coupling 4 Pump impeller P₄With the pump impeller P of liquid force converter₆It carries out.The turbine T of hydraulic coupling₄Or the turbine T of liquid force converter₆With function The connection of the output terminals A of rate transmission device is carried out by superposition gearing 13.For this purpose, superposition gearing 13 includes at least two A input terminal 15 and 16, wherein the turbine T of first input end 15 and hydraulic coupling₄Connection, the second input terminal 16 turn with fluid power The turbine T of parallel operation₆Connection.Superposition gearing 13 further includes at least one output end 17, output end 17 or by power transmission The output terminals A of equipment 1 constitutes the output terminals A for constituting power transmission equipment 1 in other words, or the output with power transmission equipment 1 Hold A connection, i.e., it is at least indirect or be directly connected.Pass through the parallel arrangement in two power legs 7,8, power transmission Equipment 1 can use shorter structure length and realize.Furthermore a possibility that, is, depending on being determined by available drive train 2 Requirement and to the needs of machine for doing work 3 and parameter to be placed, herein by transfer gear 9 and superposition gearing 13 Construction is so that power transmission equipment 1 adjusts the known boundary condition for adapting to applicable cases in the best way.

Hydraulic coupling 4 is designed to adjust connector.It adjusts connector and corresponding regulating device 28 is arranged.Wherein, root According to the design of connector, adjusting connector can be for example adjustable dip-tube.

Here, Fig. 2 to illustrate to illustrate for applying in power generating equipment, particularly for driving boiler feed pump according to The particularly advantageous construction of the power transmission equipment 1 of Fig. 1.The input terminal of transfer gear 9 is coaxial relative to the output end 12 of transfer gear 9 Ground arrangement, the output end 12 and liquid force converter 6 of transfer gear 9 couple.Make (liquid force converter 4 is arranged therein) function with this Rate branch 8 is coaxial relative to the input terminal of transfer gear 9, and the input terminal of transfer gear 9 constitutes the input terminal of power transmission equipment 1 simultaneously E.The output end 11 that can be coupled with hydraulic coupling 4 of transfer gear 9 is prejudicially arranged relative to the input terminal 10 of transfer gear 9.In In shown situation, transfer gear 9 is for example designed as column gear transmission device 18, and column gear transmission device 18 includes odd number Cylinder Gear Wheel, to guarantee that the steering between input terminal E and each power leg 7,8, i.e. hydraulic coupling 4 and liquid force converter 6 is consistent Property.The output terminals A of power transmission equipment 1 can be relative to two hydrodynamic components, the turbine T of especially corresponding hydraulic coupling 4₄ With the turbine T of liquid force converter 6₆Prejudicially arrange.However, the layout is in a particularly advantageous manner preferably with respect to two fluid power One of component coaxially carries out, in the illustrated case relative to hydraulic coupling 4, the turbine T of especially hydraulic coupling 4₄Coaxially Ground carries out.

In the design aspect of superposition gearing 13, there are a variety of feasible programs.Fig. 2 shows particularly advantageous design scheme, It includes at least one planet gear transmission device 14.Here, the first element 19 of planet gear transmission device 14 and fluid power join Meet the turbine T of device 4₄Coupling, is preferably directly torsionally connected.Other design schemes are also feasible.Planet gear transmission device 14 other second element is herein with 20 marks, at least indirectly the turbine T with liquid force converter 6₆Connection, and planet tooth The third element 21 of wheel transmission device 14 connect or directly constitutes power transmission equipment 1 with the output terminals A of power transmission equipment 1 Output terminals A.In the illustrated case, the first element 19 of planet gear transmission device 14 is made of gear ring 22, and second element 20 are made of planet carrier 23, and third element 21 is made of sun gear 24.Therefore, gear ring 22 and planet carrier 23 constitute superposition transmission dress The input terminal 15 and 16 set, and sun gear 24 constitutes the output end 17 of superposition gearing 13.Here, the coupling of planet carrier 23 is logical The roller gear of substance is crossed to progress, roller gear is to the turbine T realized relative to liquid force converter 6₆Steering reversion.

Hydraulic coupling 4 is equipped with the device 5 for bridging.Device 5 is so-called bridging connection in simplest situation Connect device.Device 5 include the first connector K1 and the second connector K2, the first connector K1 or with pump impeller P₄Or with it is (antitorque Ground and pump impeller P₄Coupling) axis connection, the second connector K2 and turbine T₄Or with (torsionally with turbine T₄Coupling) axis company It connects.Hydraulic coupling 4 and device 5, especially bridging connector constitute so-called starting and/or adjusting unit 25.In order to start and/ Or adjust, carry out the filling of hydraulic coupling 4.It is adjustable in turbine T by the regulating device 28 of hydraulic coupling 4₄Place Export revolving speed.In the case where reaching determining revolving speed, especially synchronous rotational speed, device 5 is switched on for directly coupling (Durchkupplung), and with this for the mechanical direct-drive between input terminal E and superposition gearing 13.Cause This, purely mechanically transmits constant torque by the inclusion of the power leg 7 of hydraulic coupling 4.It is transmitted by liquid force converter 6 Power fraction is introduced into superposition gearing 13 by roller gear group 26.For converter 6, generally produce working media from Pump impeller P₆Via at least one guide wheel L6 to turbine T₆Flowing.It is parallel with this, input of the power from power transmission equipment 1 Axis E, transfer gear 9 are by being directly connected to and mechanically being transmitted by device 5.Then the two power legs 7,8 pass through superposition The planetary driving device 14 of transmission device 13 converges again and is directed at output terminals A.

Planetary driving device 14 is designed as so-called F transmission device thus.As described above comprising gear ring 22, sun gear 24 and multiple planets being arranged on planet stent 23.For construction shown here, the turbine T of liquid force converter 6₆Pass through Roller gear group 26 is connect with the planet carrier 23 of planetary driving device 14.Pass through the according to the invention parallel of hydrodynamic component 4,6 The arrangement of make is accomplished that, correspondingly changes the pump impeller P for being supplied to hydraulic coupling 4₄With the pump impeller P of liquid force converter₆ Power or setting need revolving speed, enable it to nondestructively be transmitted by component.Due to parallel construction, this power transmission Equipment is particularly suitable for being given for exporting very high power and high-revolving machine for doing work, for being mounted on power transmission The machine for doing work of variable speed is driven in facility.

In order to guarantee the support of planet carrier in the range of operation that wherein converter 6 is emptied, after converter 6 preferably Arrange that brake apparatus 27, brake apparatus 27 are preferably designed for hydraulic braking device 29.Brake apparatus 27 is fixed including being supported on Component, the stator S especially on shell 30 and torsionally with turbine T₆The rotor of connection.

Fig. 3 shows the design of the second embodiment according to power transmission equipment 1 with the view of simplified schematic, wherein Power leg 7 is designed as the purely mechanical power leg with mechanical direct-drive arrangement.Wherein not according to Furthermore the hydraulic coupling 4 of Fig. 2 does not need brake apparatus 27 in power leg 8 yet.In other respects, in basic structure and Fig. 2 Design it is consistent, therefore to similar elements use identical appended drawing reference.

Being shown here has the deceleration transmission device for being used for the first power leg 7 according to the design of Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, is especially driving In the case where turn speed about 3000U/min.It is conceivable that setting step-up drive device in other application.In addition, transfer The input terminal of device can also prejudicially be arranged relative to two power legs.

Fig. 4, which is illustrated, is advantageously improved design according to the power transmission equipment 1 of first embodiment.Basic structure It is substantially consistent with described in Fig. 2.Therefore identical appended drawing reference is used for identical element.In order to avoid repeating, The explanation to attached drawing 2 is quoted in other respects.In this design, other liquid force converter is set in the second power leg 8 32.The liquid force converter includes at least one pump impeller P₃₂, at least one turbine T₃₂With at least one guide wheel L32.In the second power The second liquid force converter 32 in branch is designed in this wise, i.e. the second liquid force converter 32 has different from the first converter 6 Transfer characteristic.It the advantage is that the improved efficiency in the range of speeds of the efficiency reduction of the first converter 6.For this purpose, second turn Parallel operation 32 is coaxially arranged relative to the first converter 6 and pump impeller and input terminal E are at least indirectly coupling.Preferably, first The pump impeller P of converter 6₆With the pump impeller P of the second converter 32₃₂It is arranged on common axis.This passes through each turbine T₆Or T₃₂ Connecting shaft carry out.

Furthermore illustratively, from the force flow of input terminal E to output terminals A, in fluid power in the first power leg Arrangement apparatus 34 after connector 4, device 34 be used to brake and/or fixed overlay transmission device 13 can with hydraulic coupling 4 The input terminal 15 of connection.The turbine T of hydraulic coupling 4 in the first power leg 7 is arranged in the additional brake apparatus₄And planet It only schematically shows between gear drive 13 and herein.Device 34 can be designed as different type.It is conceivable that Hydraulic brake is also possible to mechanical brake apparatus.

In the design shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 4, it is advantageous to which axial thrust discharge mechanism 41 is arranged in liquid force converter 6 Between brake apparatus 27.Axial thrust discharge mechanism 41 arranges that machine shaft 42 is herein along machine shaft 42 as individual component It is made of turbine wheel shaft, wherein axial thrust discharge mechanism 41 can be set along lead observation in the machine for generating axial displacement Before or after device assembly.It is used be passively, from the system of setting, be used for two and axially opposing move each other Component group, wherein the axial relative motion of two component groups causes axial thrust-compensating power.

It is axial to have two sides using fixed thrust-balancing ring 43 on motionless component 44 to this design scheme First pressure chamber and second pressure chamber are connected on thrust-balancing ring 43.By being arranged in as individual component and hydrodynamic component Axial thrust discharge mechanism 41 on the machine shaft 42 of 6 connections, axial thrust can be reduced to zero, make to support turbine with this The axial bearing of axis unloads.

Exemplary arrangement and the position of the supply pump 38 and 39 for converter 6 and hydraulic coupling 4 is also shown in Fig. 2.In It is observed in installation site in shown situation, supply pump 38 and 39 is arranged in the left side of each hydrodynamic component 4,6.By with pump impeller P₆Or P₄The coupling of each pump impeller shaft transmission mechanism, especially corresponding roller gear drives to 59,60.By dotted line Alternative arrangement for hydraulic coupling 4 is shown.In this case, supply pump 39 is arranged in the right side of hydraulic coupling 4 Side and on this side pump impeller shell or connector apparatus 5 with pump impeller shell coupling coupler component K1 pass through gear stage 60` coupling.

The design according to the invention of power transmission equipment can be used in drive train especially in power generating equipment, especially have Not in the power train between the drive train of variable speed and the machine for doing work of variable speed.Special standby preferred application is for steam Between turbine or combustion gas turbine and boiler feed pump.Do not need additional motor as drive train and drive be System is efficiently, because not needing steam is converted into electric current and mechanical energy.

Reference signs list:

1 power transmission equipment

2 drive trains

3 machine for doing work

4 hydraulic couplings

5 for direct-connected logical or bridging device

6 fluid power rotational speed converters/torque converter, especially liquid force converter

7 power legs

8 power legs

9 transfer gears

The input terminal of 10 transfer gears

The output end of 11 transfer gears

The output end of 12 transfer gears

13 superposition gearings

14 planetary driving devices

The input terminal of 15 superposition gearings

The input terminal of 16 superposition gearings

The output end of 17 superposition gearings

18 roller gear groups

The first element of 19 planetary driving devices

The second element of 20 planetary driving devices

The third element of 21 planetary driving devices

22 gear rings

23 planet carriers

24 sun gears

25 startings and/or regulating device

26 roller gear groups

27 brake apparatus

28 regulating devices/dip-tube

29 hydraulic brakes

30 shells

31 power trains

32 second fluid power rotational speed converters/torque converter

32 connecting shafts

34 for braking and/or the device with the attachable input terminal of hydraulic coupling of fixed overlay rotating device

35 brake apparatus

36 for interrupting the device of the force flow relative to machine for doing work 3

37 locking devices

38 supply pumps

39 supply pumps

41 axial thrust discharge mechanisms

42 machine shafts

43 thrust-balancing rings

44 fixed components

59,59` roller gear pair

60,60` roller gear pair

A output end

E input terminal

K1, K2 coupler component

S stator

R rotor

P₄Pump impeller

T₄Turbine

P₆Pump impeller

T₆Turbine

L guide wheel

P₃₂Pump impeller

T₃₂Turbine