阅读说明：本技术 一种股骨髓内分散式抗旋转固定装置 (The fixed device of distributing anti-rotation in a kind of femur marrow ) 是由 孙立山 于 2019-06-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开一种股骨髓内分散式抗旋转固定装置,包括固定于股骨中心的髓钉,所述髓钉上横贯有螺钉,髓钉中空设置、包括倾斜设置的顶部和竖直设置底部,髓钉顶部直径大于所述底部的直径；髓钉侧部设有通孔,螺钉横穿所述通孔,通孔为分散式设计,通孔倾斜设置、包括第一通孔、第二通孔、第三通孔和第四通孔；螺钉为抗旋转中空加压螺钉、包括固定部和抗旋转部,固定部的端部设有螺纹,抗旋转部的端部设有尾帽,抗旋转部为中空设置；进一步的,第一通孔、第二通孔、第三通孔和第四通孔在髓钉顶部从上到下依次排列。本发明可明显提高螺钉置入准确性,使骨块获得即可稳定性,增加骨折块愈合的几率,减少骨头及骨钉折断几率。(The present invention discloses a kind of fixed device of distributing anti-rotation in femur marrow, marrow including being fixed on femur center is followed closely, the marrow, which nails on, has traversed screw, and marrow follows closely hollow setting, including the top that is obliquely installed and is vertically arranged bottom, and marrow follows closely the diameter that top diameter is greater than the bottom；Marrow follows closely side and is equipped with through-hole, and screw crosses the through-hole, and through-hole designs for distributing, and through-hole is obliquely installed including first through hole, the second through-hole, third through-hole and fourth hole；Screw is anti-rotation compression screws including fixed part and anti-rotation portion, and the end of fixed part is equipped with screw thread, and the end in anti-rotation portion is equipped with tail cap, and anti-rotation portion is hollow setting；Further, first through hole, the second through-hole, third through-hole and fourth hole are arranged successively from top to bottom in marrow screw top portion.The present invention can significantly improve screw merging accuracy, and bone block is made to obtain i.e. stabilizability, increase the probability of sclerite healing, and reduction bone and bone nail fracture probability.)

1. distributing anti-rotation fixes device in a kind of femur marrow, the marrow including being fixed on femur center is followed closely, and the marrow nails on cross Screw is passed through, the marrow follows closely hollow setting, including the top that is obliquely installed and is vertically arranged bottom, and the marrow nail top diameter is big Diameter in the bottom；Marrow nail side is equipped with through-hole, and the screw crosses the through-hole, it is characterised in that:

The through-hole designs for distributing, and the through-hole is obliquely installed including first through hole, the second through-hole, third through-hole and Four through-holes；

The screw is anti-rotation compression screws including fixed part and anti-rotation portion, and the end of the fixed part is equipped with spiral shell Line, the end in the anti-rotation portion are equipped with tail cap, and the anti-rotation portion is hollow setting.

2. distributing anti-rotation fixes device in a kind of femur marrow according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described first Through-hole, the second through-hole, third through-hole and fourth hole are arranged successively from top to bottom in marrow screw top portion.

3. distributing anti-rotation fixes device in a kind of femur marrow according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: described first The point of penetration that the tilt angle of through-hole can make screw therethrough reach femoral head is located at the center of femoral head, the incision Point is the first point of penetration；The point of penetration that the tilt angle of second through-hole can make screw therethrough reach femoral head is located at The front upper side position of femoral head, the point of penetration are the second point of penetration；The tilt angle of the third through-hole can make therethrough The point of penetration that screw reaches femoral head is located at the rear upside position of femoral head, which is third point of penetration；The four-way The point of penetration that the tilt angle in hole can make screw therethrough reach femoral head is located at the downside position of femoral head, the point of penetration For the 4th point of penetration.

4. distributing anti-rotation fixes device in a kind of femur marrow according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: described second Point of penetration, third point of penetration, the 4th point of penetration position on the same circumference.

5. distributing anti-rotation fixes device in a kind of femur marrow according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the anti-rotation The diameter of transfer part is greater than the fixed part diameter.

6. distributing anti-rotation fixes device in a kind of femur marrow according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the screw The major diameter of thread of end is greater than the diameter of the fixed part.

7. distributing anti-rotation fixes device in a kind of femur marrow according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the tail cap End face it is oval, the tail cap center be equipped with rotating through hole；The open end of the rotating through hole is equipped with hex-shaped recess.

8. distributing anti-rotation fixes device in a kind of femur marrow according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the tail cap Two sides are equipped with the reinforcing portion of protrusion.

Technical field

The present invention relates to the field of medical instrument technology, distributing anti-rotation fixes device in specially a kind of femur marrow.

Background technique

There are many fractures of neck of femur, intertrochanter fracture of femur patient every year in China.Fracture of neck of femur at present commonly use and The preferable Internal Fixation of effect is fixed for compressed hollow screws；Intertrochanter fracture of femur is commonly used at present and effect is preferable Internal Fixation fixed for PFNA.But there is also defects for this two kinds of fixed forms.

The fixed defect of compressed hollow screws: 1. each piece of pressurizing hollow screw can give femur by rotation, screw thread The longitudinal plus-pressure of head, make to generate between bone block it is at once stable, but this power be it is static, it cannot continue to exist, once spiral shell Nail tail portion loosens, this power disappears at once.2. screw bearing capacity is weak: when femoral head is by the weight come from above, Shearing can be generated between two sclerites, if to fight this shearing, hollow nail fracture line is with remote, it is necessary to have up and down direction Anti-rotation performance, but unfortunately, because sclerotin is seldom in neck of femur pulp cavity, near end of thighbone cortex is also relatively more poor, cannot give Hollow nail provides the anti-rotation performance in up and down direction.When femoral head bears the weight come from above, hollow nail can be as right side Folding fan bamboo chip it is the same, be rotated down, then sclerite will appear displacement shown below, lead to fixed failure.

The shortcomings that PFNA: 1. anti-rotation has can be completed in one implants of screw blade and angulation is stablized.But at also desolate What loses Xiao He, and a screw blade certainly exists stress concentration, leads to the cutting of femoral head, obliquely including direction weight bearing area Cutting and " centrality " cut out.It is a major reason for leading to PFNA failure that author, which points out that " centrality " is cut out,.Occur The reason of this phenomenon is because pair nail (screw blade) needs the through-hole by main nail, and to be easily installed, pair nail can only be set Round or similar round is counted into, and diameter cannot be excessive.Therefore this disadvantage is that not being avoided that.2. screw blade is by striking It hits into neck of femur and femoral head, therefore the no pressurization of this fixation, but there is the risk separated between making bone block.

Therefore, a kind of completely new method and fixed device are invented, neck of femur and intertrochanter fracture of femur is properly settled, subtracts trouble Person's bed rest time makes patient be socially reintegrated as early as possible as the task of top priority.

Summary of the invention

To solve above existing issue, the present invention provides the fixed device of distributing anti-rotation in a kind of femur marrow.The present invention It is achieved through the following technical solutions.

The fixed device of distributing anti-rotation in a kind of femur marrow, the marrow including being fixed on femur center are followed closely, and the marrow nails on Screw is traversed, the marrow follows closely hollow setting, including the top that is obliquely installed and is vertically arranged bottom, and the marrow follows closely top diameter Greater than the diameter of the bottom；Marrow nail side is equipped with through-hole, and the screw crosses the through-hole, and the through-hole is distributing Design, the through-hole is obliquely installed including first through hole, the second through-hole, third through-hole and fourth hole；The screw is anti-rotation Turn compression screws including fixed part and anti-rotation portion, the end of the fixed part is equipped with screw thread, the end in the anti-rotation portion Portion is equipped with tail cap, and the anti-rotation portion is hollow setting.

Further, the first through hole, the second through-hole, third through-hole and fourth hole marrow screw top portion from top to bottom according to Secondary arrangement.

Further, the tilt angle of the first through hole can make the incision point of the arrival femoral head of screw therethrough In the center of femoral head, which is the first point of penetration；The tilt angle of second through-hole can make therethrough The point of penetration that screw reaches femoral head is located at the front upper side position of femoral head, which is the second point of penetration；The third is logical The point of penetration that the tilt angle in hole can make screw therethrough reach femoral head is located at the rear upside position of femoral head, the incision Point is third point of penetration；The point of penetration that the tilt angle of the fourth hole can make screw therethrough reach femoral head is located at The downside position of femoral head, the point of penetration are the 4th point of penetration.

Further, second point of penetration, third point of penetration, the 4th point of penetration position on the same circumference.

Further, the diameter in the anti-rotation portion is greater than the fixed part diameter.

Further, the major diameter of thread of the screw end is greater than the diameter of the fixed part.

Further, the end face of the tail cap is oval, and the tail cap center is equipped with rotating through hole；The rotating through hole Open end be equipped with hex-shaped recess.

Further, the tail cap two sides are equipped with the reinforcing portion of protrusion.

Beneficial effects of the present invention:

(1) the band angle side opening of unique design, first by the pre-designed angle of side opening, in vitro with the help of sighting device, Conveniently screw can be placed in femoral head, and can ensure that this multiple reasonable dispersed distribution of screw in femoral head.This Accuracy when design can significantly improve screw merging reduces uncertainty when merging screw, can be obviously shortened operating time, Reduce perspective number.

(2) through-hole of marrow nail side is the design of unique distributing, allows to follow closely three to four pieces of spiral shells in merging femoral head through marrow Nail assigns to the strength from femoral head on more pieces of screws (three pieces or four pieces, by patient's unrestricted choice as the case may be), The probability that the probability and screw that screw cutting femoral head can be substantially reduced fracture.

(3) unique cannulated screw design, being used together in conjunction with marrow nail can produce multiple advantages: a. can produce drawing Power makes bone block obtain Initial stability, increases the probability of sclerite healing, reduces caput femoris necrosis；B. screw distal part (spiral shell The anti-rotation portion of nail) it is followed closely by marrow comprising holding on, support force can be provided for screw, do not allow the pendulum of screw in all directions It is dynamic；C. screw distal part (the anti-rotation portion of screw) is by marrow nail comprising living, that is to say, that the presence of marrow nail can shorten screw power Arm keeps the ability to shearing resistance stronger, it is not easy to fracture.

In short, the fixed device of distributing anti-rotation can make bone block obtain i.e. stabilizability in a kind of femur marrow of the present invention, increase The probability for adding sclerite to heal reduces the probability of the fixation failures such as bone cutting.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 is the usage state diagram of the fixed device of distributing anti-rotation in a kind of femur marrow of the present invention；

Fig. 2 is the marrow pin structure figure of the fixed device of distributing anti-rotation in a kind of femur marrow of the specific embodiment of the invention 1；

Fig. 3 is the bolt structure figure of the fixed device of distributing anti-rotation in a kind of femur marrow of the specific embodiment of the invention 1；

Fig. 4 is the part view of screw in the fixed device of distributing anti-rotation in a kind of femur marrow of the specific embodiment of the invention 1 Figure；

Fig. 5 is point of penetration structural schematic diagram of 1 four screws of the specific embodiment of the invention on femoral head.

Wherein: 1. femurs；2. marrow is followed closely；201. top；202. bottom；3. screw；301. anti-rotation portions；302. fixed part； 303. screw thread；304. tail cap；3041. rotating through hole；3042. reinforcing portion；4. through-hole；401. first through hole；402. second through-holes； 403. third through-hole；404. fourth hole；5. femoral head；501. first points of penetration；502. second points of penetration；503. thirds are cut Access point；504. the 4th points of penetration.

Specific embodiment

1-5 specifically, completely illustrates technical solution of the present invention work with reference to the accompanying drawing.

The fixed device of distributing anti-rotation in a kind of femur marrow, the marrow including being fixed on 1 center of femur follow closely 2, the marrow nail 2 On traversed screw 3, the hollow setting of the marrow nail 2 including the top 201 that is obliquely installed and is vertically arranged bottom 202, the marrow Follow closely the diameter that 2 top diameters are greater than the bottom 1；The marrow follows closely 2 sides and is equipped with through-hole 4, and the screw 3 crosses the through-hole 4, the through-hole 4 designs for distributing, and the through-hole 4 is obliquely installed including first through hole 401, the second through-hole 402, third are logical Hole 403 and fourth hole 404；The screw 3 is anti-rotation compression screws including fixed part 302 and anti-rotation portion 301, The end of the fixed part 302 is equipped with screw thread 303, and the end in the anti-rotation portion 301 is equipped with tail cap 304, the anti-rotation portion 301 be hollow setting.

Further, the first through hole 401, the second through-hole 402, third through-hole 403 and fourth hole 404 are in marrow screw top Portion 201 is arranged successively from top to bottom.

Further, the tilt angle of the first through hole 401 can make screw therethrough reach cutting for femoral head Access point is located at the center of femoral head, which is the first point of penetration 501；The tilt angle energy of second through-hole 402 The point of penetration of screw arrival femoral head therethrough is set to be located at the front upper side position of femoral head, which is the second point of penetration 502；The point of penetration that the tilt angle of the third through-hole 403 can make screw therethrough reach femoral head is located at femoral head Upside position afterwards, the point of penetration are third point of penetration 503；The tilt angle of the fourth hole 404 can make spiral shell therethrough It is pinned to the downside position for being located at femoral head up to the point of penetration of femoral head, which is the 4th point of penetration 504；Further, Second point of penetration 502, third point of penetration 503, the 4th point of penetration 504 position on the same circumference.

Further, the diameter in the anti-rotation portion 301 is greater than the diameter of the fixed part 302；The screw end Screw thread 303 outer diameter be greater than the fixed part 302 diameter；The end face of the tail cap 304 is oval, the tail cap 304 Center is equipped with rotating through hole 3041；The open end of the rotating through hole 3041 is equipped with hex-shaped recess；304 two sides of tail cap are set There is the reinforcing portion 3042 of protrusion.