阅读说明：本技术 边坡表土收集装置及方法 (Side slope surface soil collecting device and method ) 是由 张艳 辛诚澍 梁德栋 杨建英 史常青 赵廷宁 于 2021-08-12 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种边坡表土收集装置及方法,边坡表土收集装置包括移动底座和收集机构,移动底座上设有第一导向件；收集机构与移动底座相连接,且收集机构上设有与第一导向件相滑动配合的第二导向件,收集机构包括层叠设置的第一收集壳体和第二收集壳体；其中,移动底座在边坡表面运动状态下,第一导向件与边坡表面夹角设置,以使得收集机构在沿第一导向件移动时可插入至边坡表面内部对边坡表面的预设距离的土壤表层进行收集。还提供一种边坡表土收集方法,用于对边坡表土进行收集、利用。由此,收集机构可相对移动底座滑动,使得收集机构的收集端插入至边坡表面内部预设距离位置,进而对边坡的表土在第一收集壳体和第二收集壳体进行分层收集。(The invention provides a side slope surface soil collecting device and a method, wherein the side slope surface soil collecting device comprises a movable base and a collecting mechanism, and a first guide piece is arranged on the movable base; the collecting mechanism is connected with the movable base, a second guide piece in sliding fit with the first guide piece is arranged on the collecting mechanism, and the collecting mechanism comprises a first collecting shell and a second collecting shell which are arranged in a stacked mode; wherein, remove the base under the slope surface motion state, first guide and slope surface contained angle setting to make collection mechanism can insert when removing along first guide and collect the soil top layer of the preset distance on slope surface to the slope surface inside. The side slope surface soil collecting method is used for collecting and utilizing the side slope surface soil. From this, but collect the mechanism relative movement base and slide for the collection end of collecting the mechanism inserts to the inside preset distance position in side slope surface, and then collects the surface soil of side slope at first collection casing and second and collect the casing and carry out the layering and collect.)

1. The utility model provides a side slope surface soil collection device which characterized in that includes:

the device comprises a movable base, a first guide piece and a second guide piece, wherein the first guide piece is arranged on the movable base;

the collecting mechanism is connected with the movable base, a second guide piece in sliding fit with the first guide piece is arranged on the collecting mechanism, and the collecting mechanism comprises a first collecting shell and a second collecting shell which are arranged in a stacked mode; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

the movable base is arranged under the motion state of the side slope surface, and an included angle between the first guide piece and the side slope surface is arranged, so that the collecting mechanism can be inserted into the soil surface layer of the preset distance of the side slope surface to be collected when the first guide piece moves.

2. The slope surface soil collecting device of claim 1, wherein the mobile base comprises a first support seat and a second support seat, the first support seat and the second support seat being disposed opposite to each other;

the collecting mechanism is arranged between the first supporting seat and the second supporting seat.

3. The slope surface soil collecting device of claim 2, wherein the first guide member is disposed on each of the first support seat and the second support seat, and is disposed on the opposite side of the first support seat and the second support seat;

the second guide piece is arranged on two opposite sides of the collecting mechanism facing the first supporting seat and the second supporting seat.

4. The slope surface soil collecting device of claim 1 wherein one of the first guide member and the second guide member is a chute and the other is a slide adapted to the chute.

5. The slope surface soil collecting device of claim 1, wherein a partition is provided between the first collecting housing and the second collecting housing;

the first collecting shell and the second collecting shell form a first collecting cavity and a second collecting cavity which are arranged at intervals relative to the partition plate.

6. The slope surface soil collecting device of claim 5, wherein the side of the first collecting housing away from the first collecting chamber is provided with at least one detachable positioning plate, and the side of the positioning plate away from the first collecting chamber is provided with a pressure sensor.

7. The slope surface soil collecting device of claim 6, wherein the first collecting housing defines a guide slot, and the positioning plate slides along the guide slot.

8. The slope surface soil collecting device of claim 6, wherein a preset distance is set between adjacent positioning plates, so that the first collecting housing can obtain soil surface soil of the preset distance.

9. The slope surface soil collecting device of claim 5, wherein the first collecting housing further comprises a first cover plate removably attached, and the second collecting housing further comprises a second cover plate removably attached;

a plurality of first matching holes are formed in the first collecting shell, and a plurality of first matching columns matched with the first matching holes are arranged on the first cover plate;

a plurality of second matching holes are formed in the second collecting shell, and a plurality of second matching columns matched with the second matching holes are arranged on the second cover plate.

10. A side slope surface soil collecting method based on the side slope surface soil collecting device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising:

investigating the current situation of a surface soil stripping area;

paying off the field measurement to be constructed, and determining the boundary range to be constructed;

cleaning sundries in a boundary range to be constructed;

collecting the preset thickness of the surface soil of the side slope, and respectively storing the surface soil with different thicknesses; determining a stripping area, wherein the stripping area is related to the average gravel coverage of the earth surface, and the average thickness of the surface soil layer corresponds to the thickness to be stripped in different stripping areas;

the stored surface soil with different thicknesses is utilized in a layering way;

and (4) inspecting and accepting the surface soil, including but not limited to surface soil stripping amount, stripping rate, layered storage condition, surface soil utilization condition and surface soil utilization rate.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of slope treatment, in particular to a slope surface soil collecting device and method.

Background

In recent years, large-scale development and construction projects in China form a large number of bare slopes, control of surface soil stripping, storage and recycling is enhanced in the construction process, vegetation recovery of the bare slopes is accelerated, and engineering construction cost is reduced. The surface soil is the top layer of the soil section close to the ground surface, the plant root system of the layer is dense, the structure is good, the layer contains more humus, the soil fertility recovery and the plant growth are most powerful, and the surface soil with the thickness of 2.5cm can be formed only by statistics of about 200 plus materials for 1000 years, so the surface soil is a very important scarce resource with non-renewable ecological value.

According to the soil seed bank experiments completed in advance, the unit densities of the soil seed banks in different soil layer thicknesses of all the forest lands are different. The unit density of the soil seed bank is gradually reduced along with the increase of the soil depth, and the unit density of the soil seed bank in a 0-10cm deep soil layer is greater than that of the soil seed bank in a 10-20cm deep soil layer. The seed content in the deep soil layers of 0-5cm, 0-10cm and 0-15cm accounts for 39.78%, 66.12% and 86.46% of the seed bank content in the deep soil of 0-20 cm. Because the proportion of seeds in different depths of soil is different, the surface soil with a specific depth needs to be collected in a layered mode, a layered storage and utilization scheme is provided, and the utilization rate of the surface soil is improved.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the invention provides a side slope surface soil collecting device and method, which are used for solving the technical problem of surface soil resource waste caused by non-layered collection of side slope surface soil in the prior art.

The embodiment of the invention provides a side slope surface soil collecting device, which comprises: the device comprises a movable base, a first guide piece and a second guide piece, wherein the first guide piece is arranged on the movable base;

the collecting mechanism is connected with the movable base, a second guide piece in sliding fit with the first guide piece is arranged on the collecting mechanism, and the collecting mechanism comprises a first collecting shell and a second collecting shell which are arranged in a stacked mode; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

the movable base is arranged under the motion state of the side slope surface, and an included angle between the first guide piece and the side slope surface is arranged, so that the collecting mechanism can be inserted into the soil surface layer of the preset distance of the side slope surface to be collected when the first guide piece moves.

According to the slope surface soil collecting device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the movable base comprises a first supporting seat and a second supporting seat, and the first supporting seat and the second supporting seat are oppositely arranged;

the collecting mechanism is arranged between the first supporting seat and the second supporting seat.

According to the slope surface soil collecting device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the first guide piece is arranged on each of the first supporting seat and the second supporting seat, and is arranged on the opposite side of the first supporting seat and the second supporting seat;

the second guide piece is arranged on two opposite sides of the collecting mechanism facing the first supporting seat and the second supporting seat.

According to the slope surface soil collecting device of one embodiment of the invention, one of the first guide piece and the second guide piece is a sliding groove, and the other one is a sliding block matched with the sliding groove.

According to the slope surface soil collecting device provided by the embodiment of the invention, a partition plate is arranged between the first collecting shell and the second collecting shell;

the first collecting shell and the second collecting shell form a first collecting cavity and a second collecting cavity which are arranged at intervals relative to the partition plate.

According to the slope surface soil collecting device provided by the embodiment of the invention, at least one detachable positioning plate is arranged on one side of the first collecting shell, which is far away from the first collecting cavity, and a pressure sensor is arranged on one side of the positioning plate, which is far away from the first collecting cavity.

According to the slope surface soil collecting device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the first collecting shell is provided with the guide groove, and the positioning plate slides along the guide groove.

According to the slope surface soil collecting device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the adjacent positioning plates are set at the preset distance, so that the first collecting shell can obtain the soil surface soil at the preset distance.

According to the slope surface soil collecting device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the first collecting shell further comprises a first cover plate which is detachably connected, and the second collecting shell further comprises a second cover plate which is detachably connected;

a plurality of first matching holes are formed in the first collecting shell, and a plurality of first matching columns matched with the first matching holes are arranged on the first cover plate;

a plurality of second matching holes are formed in the second collecting shell, and a plurality of second matching columns matched with the second matching holes are arranged on the second cover plate.

The invention also provides a side slope surface soil collecting method based on the side slope surface soil collecting device, which comprises the following steps:

investigating the current situation of a surface soil stripping area;

paying off the field measurement to be constructed, and determining the boundary range to be constructed;

cleaning sundries in a boundary range to be constructed;

collecting the preset thickness of the surface soil of the side slope, and respectively storing the surface soil with different thicknesses; determining a stripping area, wherein the stripping area is related to the average gravel coverage of the earth surface, and the average thickness of the surface soil layer corresponds to the thickness to be stripped in different stripping areas;

the stored surface soil with different thicknesses is utilized in a layering way;

and (4) inspecting and accepting the surface soil, including but not limited to surface soil stripping amount, stripping rate, layered storage condition, surface soil utilization condition and surface soil utilization rate.

According to the slope surface soil collecting device and method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the collecting mechanism can slide relative to the movable base, so that the collecting end of the collecting mechanism is inserted into the position with a preset distance inside the surface of the slope, and the surface soil of the slope is collected in a layered manner in the first collecting shell and the second collecting shell. For example, the soil 10cm below the surface of the side slope can be collected by the first collecting shell, and the soil 20cm below the surface of the side slope can be collected by the second collecting shell, so that the surface soil of the side slope can be collected and utilized when the side slope is renovated, and the waste of the surface soil of the side slope can be avoided.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is an angular schematic view of a side slope surface soil collection device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the slope surface soil collecting device shown in FIG. 1 at another angle;

FIG. 3 is a schematic bottom view of the moving mechanism and the collection mechanism of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken at A-A of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an embodiment of a slope;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of another embodiment of the slope shown in FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a flow chart of a method of slope topsoil collection in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a block flow diagram of the side slope overburden collection method shown in FIG. 7;

reference numerals:

10. moving the base; 110. a first guide member; 120. a first support base; 130. a second support seat; 140. a roller;

20. a collection mechanism; 210. a second guide member; 220. a first collection housing; 2210. a first collection chamber; 2220. positioning a plate; 2230. a pressure sensor; 2240. a guide groove; 2250. a first cover plate; 2260. a first mating hole; 2270. a first mating post; 230. a second collection housing; 2310. a second collection chamber; 2320. a second cover plate; 2330. a second mating hole; 2340. a second mating post; 240. a partition plate;

30. pushing the plate; 310. a handle; 320. and a controller.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of an embodiment of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.

Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the present invention provides a side slope surface soil collecting device, including a movable base 10 and a collecting mechanism 20, wherein the movable base 10 is provided with a first guiding member 110; the collecting mechanism 20 is connected with the movable base 10, a second guide 210 in sliding fit with the first guide 110 is arranged on the collecting mechanism 20, and the collecting mechanism 20 comprises a first collecting shell 220 and a second collecting shell 230 which are arranged in a stacked manner; in the moving base 10, in the moving state of the side slope surface, an included angle between the first guiding element 110 and the side slope surface is set, so that the collecting mechanism 20 can be inserted into the side slope surface to collect the soil surface layer of the preset distance on the side slope surface when moving along the first guiding element 110.

It should be noted that the mobile base 10 is used for moving along the surface of the slope, and collects the soil on the surface of the slope through the collecting mechanism 20 while moving. The collection mechanism 20 includes a first collection housing 220 and a second collection housing 230, whereby two layers of top soil at different distances can be collected. For example, the first collection housing 220 may collect top soil 0-10cm below the slope, and the second collection housing 230 may collect top soil 10-20cm below the slope, thereby achieving layered collection of top soil 20cm below the slope. In other embodiments, the collection distance preset under the slope is not limited to 0-20cm, but may be 0-5cm, 0-15cm, 0-25cm, and the like, and is not limited herein. The setting of the layered collection can be adjusted according to the different collectable thicknesses of the first and second collection cases 220 and 230.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the movable base 10 includes a first supporting seat 120 and a second supporting seat 130, the first supporting seat 120 and the second supporting seat 130 are disposed opposite to each other, and the collecting mechanism 20 is disposed between the first supporting seat 120 and the second supporting seat 130. The first supporting seat 120 and the second supporting seat 130 are spaced apart from each other, and the bottom of each of the first supporting seat 120 and the second supporting seat 130 is provided with a roller 140 for moving on the slope surface. It should be noted that, the collection of the side slope surface soil is to collect the side slope when the side slope is flat, that is, after the stones with larger volume on the side slope or the sloping field are all clearly completed, the side slope surface soil is collected. The rollers 140 are provided to facilitate movement of the collection device across the slope surface. In other embodiments, a moving mechanism such as a crawler may be used instead, and is not limited herein.

Further, the first guide 110 is disposed on each of the first supporting seat 120 and the second supporting seat 130, and is disposed on the opposite side of the first supporting seat 120 and the second supporting seat 130. The second guide members 210 are provided at opposite sides of the collecting mechanism 20 facing the first and second supporting seats 120 and 130. In an embodiment of the present invention, one of the first guide 110 and the second guide 210 is a sliding slot, and the other is a sliding block adapted to the sliding slot. Specifically, the side of the first supporting seat 120 facing the second supporting seat 130 and the side of the second supporting seat 130 facing the first supporting seat 120 are provided with sliding grooves which are oppositely arranged, and the side of the collecting mechanism 20 facing the first supporting seat 120 and the second supporting seat 130 is provided with sliding blocks which are matched with the sliding grooves. The extending direction of the sliding groove forms an included angle with the bottom surfaces of the first supporting seat 120 and the second supporting seat 130. That is, when movable base 10 moves on the slope, collecting mechanism 20 moves along first guide 110 to adjust the depth of the bottom of collecting mechanism 20 inserted into the slope surface, which also corresponds to the thickness of the top soil of the slope that collecting mechanism 20 can collect.

For example, if the thickness of the surface soil collected by the slope is measured to be 20cm, the collecting mechanism 20 is moved along the first guide member 110 until the bottom of the collecting mechanism 20 is flush with the surface 20cm below the slope, and when the movable base 10 is moved on the slope, the collecting mechanism 20 can collect the surface soil 20 cm. Further, the first collection housing 220 and the second collection housing 230 may be made to collect topsoil within 0-10cm and topsoil of 10-20cm, respectively.

In an embodiment of the present invention, a partition 240 is disposed between the first collecting housing 220 and the second collecting housing 230, and the first collecting housing 220 and the second collecting housing 230 form a first collecting chamber 2210 and a second collecting chamber 2310 spaced apart from each other with respect to the partition 240. The increasing thickness of the partition 240 in the direction toward the first and second collection chambers 2210 and 2310 facilitates the diversion of the collected soil to the first collection chamber 2210. The stability of the partition 240 may be improved, on the one hand, and the partition 240 may be disposed to prevent the surface soil collected in the first collection chamber 2210 from flowing out, on the other hand, to define the location of the collected soil. It will be appreciated that the second collection housing 230 is provided with guide plates spaced parallel to the partition 240 and increasing in thickness in a direction toward the second collection chamber 2310 to prevent the overburden collected by the second collection chamber 2310 from flowing out and thereby define the location of the soil within the second collection chamber 2310.

At least one detachable positioning plate 2220 is disposed on a side of the first collecting housing 220 away from the first collecting chamber 2210, and a pressure sensor 2230 is disposed on a side of the positioning plate 2220 away from the first collecting chamber 2210. The positioning plate 2220 is provided to facilitate the thickness limitation of the top soil collected by the first collection housing 220 and the simultaneous monitoring of the thickness collected by the first collection housing 220 and the second collection housing 230.

For example, when it is desired to collect soil with a thickness of 15cm below the surface of the surface soil, and the collectable thicknesses of the first collection housing 220 and the second collection housing 230 are 10cm, the bottom of the second collection housing 230 can reach 15cm below the slope to collect soil with a thickness of 5cm to 15cm below the surface of the slope, and the positioning plate 2220 can be adjusted to the collection score line of 5cm in the first collection housing 220. Furthermore, in the collecting process of the collecting mechanism 20, if the second collecting housing 230 extends to a position more than 15cm below the surface layer of the side slope, the surface layer of the side slope will partially abut against the pressure sensor 2230, so that the pressure value received by the pressure sensor 2230 in the moving process of the mobile base 10 exceeds the threshold value, and then an alarm is sent to know that the current collecting thickness exceeds the threshold value, so as to adjust the position of the collecting mechanism 20. A distance sensor may be further provided to measure the distance between the surface of the side slope and the positioning plate 2220, when the gap between the surface of the side slope surface soil and the positioning plate 2220 is too large, it may be determined that the thickness collected at the bottom of the second collecting housing 230 does not reach 15cm enough, and the second collecting housing 230 needs to be further extended into the surface soil for a distance until the bottom surface of the positioning plate 2220 is attached to the surface of the side slope.

The push plate 30 is arranged above the collection mechanism 20, the handle 310 is arranged on the push plate 30, the controller 320 is further arranged on the push plate 30, the controller 320 is coupled with the pressure sensor 2230, and the controller 320 is configured to receive a value of the pressure sensor 2230 and issue an alarm when a pressure value received by the pressure sensor 2230 exceeds a threshold value.

The first collecting housing 220 is provided with a guide groove 2240, and the positioning plate 2220 slides along the guide groove 2240. The pressure sensors 2230 are spaced along the length of the positioning plate 2220 to obtain more accurate pressure values.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the adjacent positioning plates 2220 are set at a predetermined distance, so that the first collecting housing 220 can obtain soil surface soil at the predetermined distance. For example, the adjacent positioning plates 2220 may be spaced apart by 2.5cm, 3cm, or 4cm, etc. The specific adjustment can be carried out according to the requirement of the thickness of the collected soil. For example, if 20cm thick surface soil is collected, one positioning plate 2220 may be provided, so that the collectable thickness of the first collecting case 220 may be 10 cm.

The first collection housing 220 further includes a removably attached first cover 2250 and the second collection housing 230 further includes a removably attached second cover 2320. The first and second cover plates 2250 and 2320 are provided to transport the soil collected by the first and second collection cases 220 and 230 to a designated location, respectively. For example, the collected soil may be transported on a slope to a collection box at the bottom of the slope for separate storage.

Specifically, the first collecting housing 220 is provided with a plurality of first matching holes 2260, and the first cover plate 2250 is provided with a plurality of first matching posts 2270 matched with the first matching holes 2260; the second collecting case 230 has a plurality of second fitting holes 2330, and the second cover plate 2320 has a plurality of second fitting posts 2340 fitting the second fitting holes 2330. The first cover plate 2250 and the second cover plate 2320 are respectively provided at one side thereof with a connecting handle, so that the first collecting housing 220 and the second collecting housing 230 can be conveniently opened to collect the top soil collected by the first collecting housing 220 and the second collecting housing 230.

In an embodiment of the present invention, when collecting the top soil of the side slope, the side slope may be collected by moving from bottom to top in a designated area, and then the side slope may be collected from bottom to top for the second time at intervals smaller than the distance of the long side of the mobile base 10, so that the first round of collection is performed on the side slope. Referring to fig. 5 and 6, a plurality of regions E may be collected, the region B is a position where the first support seat 120 and the second support seat 130 move, and the width of the region B is smaller than the width of the collection mechanism 20, so that the collection mechanism 20 may collect the top soil of the region B, after the first round of collection is completed, the position of the collection mechanism 20 is adjusted, so that the bottom of the mobile base 10 is attached to the surface of the side slope top soil dug by the first round of collection, that is, the surface of the region E, and further, the remaining region, that is, the region C, is subjected to the second round of collection, and in the collection process, the bottoms of the first support seat 120 and the second support seat 130 are attached to the bottom surface of the region D. So collect, can avoid the side slope to produce the irregular shape of pothole, be convenient for improve the roughness on side slope surface. From this with the collection work of side slope divide into two-step operation, on the one hand makes mobile base 10 in the removal in-process, and first supporting seat 120 and second supporting seat 130 are in the parallel and level state at the binding face of side slope all the time, are convenient for collect the surface soil. On the other hand, gully on the surface of the side slope in the surface soil collection process can be avoided, and the influence on the flatness of the side slope can be avoided.

Referring to fig. 7, the present invention further provides a side slope surface soil collecting method based on the above side slope surface soil collecting device, including:

s110: and (5) investigating the current situation of a topsoil stripping area. The topsoil thickness, the surface gravel coverage and the soil gravel content were specifically investigated.

S120: and paying off the site measurement to be constructed, and determining the boundary range to be constructed.

And according to the survey result of the surface soil resources and the specific construction requirements, carrying out field measurement and setting out, and counting the surface soil stripping area and the final construction range red line range in the process so as to avoid unnecessary disturbance in subsequent work.

S130: and cleaning sundries in the boundary range to be constructed.

According to the on-site investigation condition, stones, residual branches, impurities, fallen leaves and the like on the surface are cleaned. For large gravel or stumps on which the earth surface is difficult to remove, a pneumatic pick or blasting can be adopted for crushing. The cleaned impurities are classified and timely treated to avoid fire or environmental pollution.

S140: collecting the preset thickness of the surface soil of the side slope, and respectively storing the surface soil with different thicknesses; the method comprises the steps of determining a stripping area, wherein the stripping area is related to the average gravel coverage of the earth surface, and the average thickness of the surface soil layer corresponds to the thickness to be stripped in different stripping areas.

The surface soil collection is carried out by combining manpower and machinery, namely, manually combining the slope surface soil collection device for collection. The stripping grade, stripping area and stripping thickness of the surface soil are shown in tables 1 and 2, and the collected surface soil does not contain soil lumps or gravels with the diameter of more than 10 centimeters. Manual collection is typically performed by excavating the soil using a flat or pointed shovel. The machinery is gathered and can be adopted foretell slope surface soil collection device, collects each regional surface soil through slope surface soil collection device, because slope surface soil collection device has first collection casing and second and collects the casing, can collect the surface soil of the many levels of side slope surface below from this. The collected soil is stored in the collecting box, and the storage time of the surface soil is not longer than 90 days. A plurality of collecting boxes can be arranged for classified storage, and the surface soil in the collecting boxes can be numbered so as to realize classified recording, so that the surface soil can be used in a coordinated manner, and the utilization efficiency of the surface soil of the soil is improved. Table 1 and table 2 can be referred to the following figures:

TABLE 1 peeling grade and area determination Table

Average gravel coverage of the earth's surface	Grade of peeling	Peeling region
			＜25％	Superior food	Zone A
25％-50％	Good wine	Zone B
			50％-75％	In	Region C
≥75％	Difference (D)	Do not suggest peeling

TABLE 2 Peel thickness determination protocol

That is, the stripping grade is determined according to the average surface gravel coverage of the earth surface, and then the current area is determined to belong to the area A, the area B or the area C. And the mean values of the peel thicknesses of the different regions are determined separately.

S150: and carrying out layered utilization on the stored surface soil with different thicknesses.

The utilization requirement can follow the principle of priority in the same area, priority in demand and quick use to reasonably utilize the stripped surface soil. The recovery priority is sequentially created for habitat protection, slope management and landscape construction, and the three utilization modes are related to ecological environment restoration, but have different closeness, side focus and emergency degree. In order to restore the original ecological environment in the project area as soon as possible, the work of ecological environment protection, such as the construction of protected areas and ecological galleries, the maintenance and protection of rare vegetation resources and the like, should be completed by preferentially stripping the surface soil, and the work can be difficult to be performed without the support of the local surface soil. Slope management projects also require the supply of topsoil. The local surface soil is used to be assisted with corresponding measures, so that the engineering efficiency can be improved, unnecessary water and soil loss is reduced, and the recovery period is shortened.

The specific method of topsoil restoration can be referred to in table 3.

The following were used:

TABLE 3 topsoil reclamation scheme

S160: and (4) inspecting and accepting the surface soil, including but not limited to surface soil stripping amount, stripping rate, layered storage condition, surface soil utilization condition and surface soil utilization rate.

After the surface soil collection of an area is completed, the collected surface soil with different thicknesses can be subjected to stage acceptance so as to ensure that the collected soil standard is in a preset range. The surface soil stripping acceptance index comprises surface soil stripping amount, stripping rate, layered storage condition, surface soil utilization rate and the like. Through the surface soil stripping acceptance check, the accuracy of collecting and utilizing the surface soil with different thicknesses can be improved.

Calculating the surface soil stripping amount:

Q＝∑Hi×Si×fi

in the formula:

q-total amount of surface soil removed in the removed area (m)³)；

Hi-thickness of release (m) of the ith topsoil release block;

si-area of stripping of the ith overburden stripping zone (m)²)

fi-surface soil stripping Rate (%) -of the ith surface soil stripping Block

Calculating the peeling rate of the surface soil:

in the formula:

Qi-Total amount of topsoil exfoliation of the ith exfoliation Block (m)³)；

Qpi-predicted Total topsoil strip (m) for the ith strip Block³)

fi-surface soil stripping Rate (%) -of the ith surface soil stripping Block

In one possible embodiment of the present invention, the following positions are used as examples: the average gravel coverage is less than 25% and the average peeling thickness is 17.5cm when the average gravel coverage is investigated at the east longitude of 115 degrees 46 '25' and the north latitude of 40 degrees 30 '14', the altitude of 885m and the slope of 5 degrees is at the position of the lower slope. The seed densities at different soil depths are shown in table 4 below:

table 4 example different depth seed densities

The peeling protocol was judged as follows: since the average gravel coverage of the plots was less than 25%, it is found from a review of Table 1 that the stripping rating was excellent and the stripped area was zone A. The average peel thickness was found to be 17.5cm, and a recommended peel thickness of 20cm is found in table 2. The slope gradient is 5 degrees, the field condition of the sample plot is better, and mechanical stripping is adopted. For example, a slope surface soil collecting device can be used for collecting surface soil of the area A in a layered mode.

Further, for the recommendation, the recovery usage scheme may be: the surface soil with the thickness of 0-10cm is preferably recommended to be used as a base material of a spray seeding seed layer, and the surface soil with the thickness of 10-20cm is recommended to be used as a mixed ingredient of a spray seeding matrix. The surface soil of 0-20cm can be used as plant planting soil under the condition of not carrying out surface layer spray sowing, wherein 0-10cm is preferentially applied to the area needing the habitat protection.

With reference to fig. 8, in a practical embodiment of the present invention, the current situation of the surface soil stripping area may be firstly investigated, then the line is measured and paid out to determine the construction boundary, then the sundries in the boundary range are cleaned, and further the surface soil stripping thickness and the construction method are determined, the construction method may be optionally manual or mechanical stripping, the stripping thickness may be comprehensively determined according to the gravel coverage, the stripping grade and the stripping area, and further the surface soil layering stripping work is completed, and then the stripped surface soil is stored and utilized, which may refer to the above specific procedures specifically, and will not be described herein in detail.

In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred devices or elements must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.