阅读说明：本技术 一种基于状态预测控制的外圆磨床 (A kind of cylindrical grinder based on status predication control ) 是由 吴淑晶 *** 于 2019-08-19 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种基于状态预测控制的外圆磨床,包括工作台组件、设于工作台组件上的头架组件、纵向移动设于工作台组件上的尾座组件及砂轮横向进给机构以及与砂轮横向进给机构电连接的状态预测控制组件,头架组件及尾座组件分别位于工件的两端,砂轮横向进给机构位于工件的一侧。与现有技术相比,本发明适用于金属工件外圆磨削,尾座组件的顶针具有伸缩功能,用于保证加工过程对工件的柔性夹持,并达到减震的目的；状态预测控制组件具有自动消除外扰、保证系统稳定性的作用,可以解决砂轮在磨削过程中随磨粒脱落引起磨削厚度减少的问题,实时调节砂轮位置,满足加工要求,提高磨削效率及工件表面质量。(The present invention relates to a kind of cylindrical grinders based on status predication control, including table assembly, the head frame assembly on table assembly, vertically move the tailstock component being set on table assembly and wheel traverse mechanism and the status predication control assembly being electrically connected with wheel traverse mechanism, head frame assembly and tailstock component are located at the both ends of workpiece, and wheel traverse mechanism is located at the side of workpiece.Compared with prior art, the present invention is suitable for metal works cylindricalo grinding, and the thimble of tailstock component has Telescopic, for guaranteeing that process to the flexible clamping of workpiece, and achievees the purpose that damping；Status predication control assembly has the function of that elimination automatically is outer and disturbs, guarantees system stability, it can solve the problem of grinding wheel causes grinding thichness to reduce in grinding process with Grain Falling Off, grinding wheel position is adjusted in real time, meets processing request, improves grinding efficiency and workpiece surface quality.)

1. a kind of cylindrical grinder based on status predication control, which is used to carry out grinding to workpiece (7), and feature exists In the grinding machine includes table assembly, the head frame assembly on table assembly, longitudinal movement is set to workbench respectively Tailstock component (19) and wheel traverse mechanism on component and the status predication being electrically connected with wheel traverse mechanism Control assembly, the head frame assembly and tailstock component (19) are located at the both ends of workpiece (7), the wheel traverse Mechanism is located at the side of workpiece (7).

2. a kind of cylindrical grinder based on status predication control according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the work Platform component include lathe bed (22), be set to lathe bed (22) on workbench (1), be set to workbench (1) on longitudinal rail (20) with And the workbench control cabinet (23) for being set to lathe bed (22) side and being connect with wheel traverse mechanism driving, the workbench Control cabinet (23) is equipped with grinding wheel length feed handwheel (24) and wheel traverse handwheel (25), the tailstock component (19) And wheel traverse mechanism is mobile on longitudinal rail (20).

3. a kind of cylindrical grinder based on status predication control according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the work Platform component further includes the vertical shift motor connecting on lathe bed (22) and with wheel traverse mechanism driving, the vertical shift electricity Machine is electrically connected with status predication control assembly.

4. a kind of cylindrical grinder based on status predication control according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the head frame Component include it is mobile be set to the head frame pedestal (14) on table assembly, the main motor (2) being set on head frame pedestal (14) and Successively with the shaft coupling (3), speed reducer (4) and head frame (5) of main motor (2) transmission connection, the head frame (5) is equipped with three-jaw Chuck (6).

5. a kind of cylindrical grinder based on status predication control according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the tailstock Component (19) includes the mobile thimble shell (1902) being set on table assembly, along longitudinal direction through thimble shell (1902) inside Thimble, set on thimble one end thimble handwheel (1906) and be set to thimble shell (1902) on parking brake (1905).

6. a kind of cylindrical grinder based on status predication control according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the thimble Including thimble front end (1901), thimble rear end (1904) and it is set between thimble front end (1901) and thimble rear end (1904) Spring (1903), the thimble rear end (1904) are fixedly connected with thimble handwheel (1906).

7. a kind of cylindrical grinder based on status predication control according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the thimble The rear end of front end (1901) offers blind hole (1907), and the blind hole (1907) edge is equipped with cyclic annular limit convex radially inward It rises (1909), the front end of the thimble rear end (1904) is equipped with blind hole (1907) compatible cylindrical boss (1910), The side of the cylindrical boss (1910) offers the compatible limiting groove (1908) with cyclic annular retention bead (1909), The spring (1903) is set on cylindrical boss (1910) and is located in limiting groove (1908).

8. a kind of cylindrical grinder based on status predication control according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the grinding wheel Transverse feed mechanism includes the mobile cross slide way (18) being set on table assembly, the grinding wheel being set on cross slide way (18) Frame (12), the grinding wheel component being set on grinding carriage (12) and the traversing motor with grinding carriage (12) transmission connection, the cross Motor is moved to be electrically connected with status predication control assembly.

9. a kind of cylindrical grinder based on status predication control according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the grinding wheel Component includes the grinding wheel motor (11) being respectively arranged on grinding carriage (12) and grinding wheel (8) and grinding wheel motor (11) transmission connection Grinding wheel motor belt wheel (15), with grinding wheel (8) transmission connection grinding wheel belt wheel (17) and be wound around grinding wheel motor belt wheel (15) with V-belt (16) between grinding wheel belt wheel (17).

10. a kind of cylindrical grinder based on status predication control according to claim 9, which is characterized in that the shape State PREDICTIVE CONTROL component include the controller (21) on the table assembly and be set in wheel traverse mechanism and with The diameter measurement sensor (10) of controller (21) electrical connection, the controller (21) are electrically connected with wheel traverse mechanism.

Technical field

The invention belongs to equipment for grinding technical fields, are related to a kind of cylindrical grinder based on status predication control.

Background technique

Grinding is a kind of essential method for fine finishing, to adapt to increasingly accurate operating accuracy demand and constantly pursuit High efficiency and low cost target, grinding machine has become more and more important machining mode.

Along with manufacturing continuous development and progress, metal removal technology is just towards high-precision, high automation and efficiently The direction of rate is developed.In traditional Grinding Process, that there are grinder structures is unreasonable, the degree of automation is relatively low, processing essence Degree can not meet the actual drawbacks such as need of production.The relatively high cylindrical grinder of the degree of automation is researched and developed, production cost can be reduced, While guaranteeing workpiece quality, production efficiency is improved.

Generally there are following problems for existing automation cylindrical grinder:

(1) in grinding process, grinding wheel Grain Falling Off causes grinding thichness to reduce, and causes processing finished product not meet processing and wants It asks；

(2) grinding workpiece is fixed by the way of rigidly clamping, when expanding elongation because of process heating when workpiece, Vulnerable to chucking device extruding and cause wear or deform.

Summary of the invention

It is an object of the present invention to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art and provide one kind to be based on status predication The cylindrical grinder of control.

The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

It is a kind of based on status predication control cylindrical grinder, for workpiece carry out grinding, including table assembly, Head frame assembly on table assembly, respectively longitudinal movement be set to tailstock component on table assembly and grinding wheel laterally into To mechanism and the status predication control assembly being electrically connected with wheel traverse mechanism, the head frame assembly and tailstock component The both ends of workpiece are located at, the wheel traverse mechanism is located at the side of workpiece.

The head frame assembly, tailstock component axially grip workpiece, and pass through head frame assembly and workpiece is driven to keep Circle rotation movement, wheel traverse mechanism remain a constant speed feed motion along the longitudinal direction of table assembly, and traverse feed passes through Status predication control assembly needs to control according to processing, to complete the cylindricalo grinding to workpiece.

Further, the table assembly includes lathe bed, the workbench on lathe bed, indulging on workbench Direction guiding rail and set on lathe bed side and the workbench control cabinet that is connect with wheel traverse mechanism driving, the workbench Control cabinet is equipped with grinding wheel length feed handwheel and wheel traverse handwheel, the tailstock component and wheel traverse machine Structure is mobile to be set on longitudinal rail.

The grinding wheel length feed handwheel and wheel traverse handwheel realizes the vertical of wheel traverse mechanism respectively To, lateral manual standby operation.

The tailstock component and wheel traverse mechanism can guide rail movement along longitudinal direction.

Further, the table assembly further includes being set on lathe bed and connecting with wheel traverse mechanism driving Vertical shift motor, the vertical shift motor is electrically connected with status predication control assembly.

The status predication control assembly control vertical shift motor makes wheel traverse mechanism, and guide rail is mobile along longitudinal direction.

Further, the head frame assembly includes the mobile head frame pedestal being set on table assembly, is set to head frame bottom Main motor on seat and successively shaft coupling, speed reducer and the head frame with main motor transmission connection, the head frame are equipped with three Dog chuck.

The shaft coupling is for be sequentially connected main motor and speed reducer.

The speed reducer is for improving output torque, to drive head frame and workpiece to rotate.

The scroll chuck is used for workpiece clamping, and main motor drives head frame to rotate and drives by shaft coupling with speed reducer Dynamic workpiece rotation.

The head frame pedestal is set on longitudinal rail as a preferred technical solution, lead head frame assembly can along longitudinal direction Rail is mobile, and cooperation tailstock component adapts to the workpiece of different length, and head frame pedestal is equipped with head frame pedestal parking brake, can be used for head frame Component is fixed on longitudinal rail.

Further, the tailstock component includes the mobile thimble shell being set on table assembly, runs through along longitudinal direction The thimble of thimble interior of shell, the thimble handwheel set on thimble one end and the parking brake on thimble shell.

The thimble shell is set on longitudinal rail, and the tailstock component can be moved to working position along longitudinal rail It sets, holds out against thimble by workpiece rear end, to complete the axially position of workpiece, and tailstock component is fixed on longitudinal rail with parking brake On, to prevent the flutter of workpiece.

Further, the thimble include thimble front end, thimble rear end and be set to thimble front end and thimble rear end it Between spring, the thimble rear end is fixedly connected with thimble handwheel.

The side of the thimble rear end is equipped with external screw thread, is equipped in the thimble shell compatible with external screw thread Internal screw thread may make thimble rear end to be moved forward and backward along internal screw thread and external screw thread by rotating thimble handwheel forward or backwards i.e..

Thimble handwheel is rotated forward, thimble rear end is pushed ahead, and is driven thimble front end to move forward by spring, is held out against work The rear end of part, due to the effect of spring, the workpiece clamping system for forming head frame assembly and tailstock component is in flexible state, reaches To the effect of damping；Thimble handwheel is rotated backward, thimble rear end moves backward, and it drives thimble front end to move backward, leaves workpiece, That completes workpiece holds out against task.

The spring is set between thimble front end and thimble rear end, so that thimble has Telescopic, can pass through bullet The effect of spring is protruding, achievees the purpose that top tight workpiece, when expanding elongation because of heating when workpiece, can also make spring certainly It is dynamic to retract, as to keep thimble constant to workpiece pressure as possible, guarantee process to the flexible clamping of workpiece, avoid workpiece by To excessive abrasion or deformation.

Further, the rear end of the thimble front end offers blind hole, and the blind hole edge is equipped with radially inward The front end of cyclic annular retention bead, the thimble rear end is equipped with cylindrical boss compatible with blind hole, and described is cylindric convex The side of platform offers limiting groove compatible with cyclic annular retention bead, and the spring is set on cylindrical boss and position In in limiting groove.

The cyclic annular retention bead can be slided in limiting groove, and thimble front end is made to be slidably connected with thimble rear end, and Limit the relative displacement distance of the two.

Further, the wheel traverse mechanism include the mobile cross slide way being set on table assembly, Grinding carriage on cross slide way, the grinding wheel component on grinding carriage and the traversing motor with grinding carriage transmission connection, The traversing motor is electrically connected with status predication control assembly.

Traversing motor work is controlled by status predication control assembly, and then controls transverse direction of the grinding wheel component relative to workpiece It is mobile, guarantee that the outside diameter of workpiece meets the requirements, completes grinding task.

The cross slide way is set on guiderail base, and the guiderail base is mobile to be set on longitudinal rail.

Further, the grinding wheel component includes the grinding wheel motor being respectively arranged on grinding carriage and grinding wheel and grinding wheel electricity The grinding wheel belt wheel and be wound around grinding wheel motor belt wheel and grinding wheel that the grinding wheel motor belt wheel and grinding wheel of machine transmission connection are sequentially connected V-belt between belt wheel.

The grinding wheel motor belt wheel is fixedly installed on main shaft-grinding wheel motor axis of grinding wheel motor, the grinding wheel belt Wheel is fixedly installed in the shaft of grinding wheel.

The grinding wheel motor drives coaxial grinding wheel motor belt wheel to rotate when working, and makes grinding wheel motor band by V-belt Wheel is sequentially connected with grinding wheel belt wheel, and finally drives and rotate with the grinding wheel of grinding wheel belt wheel coaxial arrangement.

The grinding wheel and shaft are externally provided with grinding wheel safety guard as a preferred technical solution,.

The grinding wheel component is externally provided with grinding carriage safety guard as a preferred technical solution,.

Further, the status predication control assembly includes the controller on the table assembly and is set to sand Take turns the diameter measurement sensor on transverse feed mechanism and being electrically connected with the controller, the controller and wheel traverse machine Structure electrical connection.

The controller is also electrically connected with main motor, vertical shift motor and grinding wheel motor respectively, is turned with controlling workpiece respectively The revolving speed of speed, the length travel of wheel traverse mechanism and grinding wheel.

The status predication control assembly causes grinding thick in grinding process because of grinding wheel for solving with Grain Falling Off Degree, which is reduced, to be caused to process the problem of finished product does not meet processing request, and diameter measurement sensor is arranged on grinding carriage, which surveys Quantity sensor feeds back to control close to grinding wheel and workpiece coupling part, by the real-time diameter measurements at work pieces process position Device, controller control wheel traverse mechanism according to real-time diameter measurements and processing request, realize to the continuous of workpiece Grinding.

The working principle of status predication control assembly is as follows: inputting target value and correlation by the control panel on controller Parameter, by being set to the integrator inside controller according to the workpiece grinding position of input parameter and the acquisition of diameter measurement sensor Diameter measurement data carry out closed loop compensation, and issue control signal according to closed loop compensation result, adjust wheel traverse in real time The position of mechanism keeps the grinding thichness of workpiece consistent, mentions high control precision, and the outside diameter processing for meeting grinding workpiece is wanted It asks, completes grinding task.

Controller can be handled diameter measurement data based on hangover state prediction, when controlling elimination by status predication The stagnant influence to grinding feedback control, and time lag treatment result and closed loop compensation are combined as a result, issuing control signal, it adjusts in real time The position of wheel traverse mechanism makes controller that there is automatic elimination to disturb outside, guarantee system to meet aimed dia output valve The effect of stability.

Working principle: the present invention is in practical application, the front end of workpiece is arranged on the scroll chuck of head frame assembly, edge Longitudinal rail moves tailstock component, rotates thimble handwheel, makes the rear end of the thimble top tight workpiece with Telescopic, realizes workpiece Axially position, drive workpiece to keep circle rotation movement by main motor in head frame assembly, starting grinding wheel motor makes grinding wheel Rotation, controller control the longitudinal movement of wheel traverse mechanism, and the work based on input parameter, the acquisition of diameter measurement sensor Part is ground the diameter data and hangover state PREDICTIVE CONTROL grinding wheel component transverse shifting at position, the position of timely compensation adjustment grinding wheel It sets, to meet aimed dia output valve, realizes the continuous grinding to workpiece.

Compared with prior art, the invention has the characteristics that:

1) thimble of the tailstock component in the present invention has Telescopic, and workpiece is made to be in flexible clamping shape in process State, can be protruding by the effect of spring, achievees the purpose that top tight workpiece, when expanding elongation because of heating when workpiece, Spring can also be made to retract automatically, thimble is avoided excessively to squeeze workpiece, lead to the wear of work or deformation, and can reach damping Purpose；

2) to avoid the problem that causing grinding thichness to reduce in grinding process medium plain emery wheel Grain Falling Off, setting has the present invention It is automatic to eliminate the outer status predication control assembly disturbed, guarantee system stability effect, it is acquired and is ground by diameter measurement sensor The diameter at position is predicted based on measurement data and hangover state, adjusts the position of wheel traverse mechanism in real time, is based on time lag The regulation of status predication can eliminate influence of the time lag to grinding feedback control, to meet aimed dia output valve, realize to workpiece Continuous grinding.

3) present invention is suitable for metal works cylindricalo grinding, easy to operate, and automation level is high, can be improved grinding Efficiency and workpiece surface quality.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 is a kind of main view of the cylindrical grinder based on status predication control in the present invention；

Fig. 2 is a kind of top view of the cylindrical grinder based on status predication control in the present invention；

Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of tailstock component；

Fig. 4 is the workflow block diagram of status predication control group；

Description of symbols in figure:

1-workbench, 2-main motors, 3-shaft couplings, 4-speed reducers, 5-head framves, 6-scroll chucks, 7-workpiece, 8-grinding wheels, 9-grinding wheel safety guards, 10-diameter measurement sensors, 11-grinding wheel motors, 12-grinding carriages, 13-grinding wheel motors Axis, 14-head frame pedestals, 15-grinding wheel motor belt wheels, 16-V-belts, 17-grinding wheel belt wheels, 18-cross slide ways, 19-tails Holder assembly, 1901-thimble front ends, 1902-thimble shells, 1903-springs, 1904-thimble rear ends, 1905-parking brakes, 1906-thimble handwheels, 1907-blind holes, 1908-limiting grooves, 1909-cyclic annular retention beads, 1910-cylindrical boss, 20-longitudinal rails, 21-controllers, 22-lathe beds, 23-workbench control cabinets, 24-grinding wheel length feed handwheels, 25-sand Take turns traverse feed handwheel, 26-guiderail bases.

Specific embodiment

The present invention is described in detail with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.The present embodiment is with technical solution of the present invention Premised on implemented, the detailed implementation method and specific operation process are given, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to Following embodiments.