阅读说明：本技术 一种自适应防烧伤外圆磨床 (A kind of adaptive anti-burn cylindrical grinder ) 是由 杨海东 吴雨松 张飞 张松 韩争光 司聪 夏锡全 于 2019-09-18 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种自适应防烧伤外圆磨床,包括床身,砂轮机构安装在一个砂轮架上,砂轮架与床身之间设有滑动平台,床身上设有第一导轨,滑动平台底部滑动设置在第一导轨上,滑动平台上设有第二导轨,砂轮架底部滑动设置在第二导轨上,通过驱动机构驱动滑动平台沿着第一导轨前后移动；滑动平台上安装有气缸,通过气压系统驱动气缸,使气缸的活塞杆给砂轮架施加一个恒定的推力,从而使得气缸的活塞杆始终抵紧在砂轮架上,实现工作时砂轮架上的砂轮与工件之间的柔性贴合。本发明相比现有技术具有以下优点：通过恒压磨削来改善冷却条件、避免工件烧伤、提高砂轮耐用度。(The invention discloses a kind of adaptive anti-burn cylindrical grinders, including lathe bed, grinding wheel mechanism is mounted on a grinding carriage, sliding platform is equipped between grinding carriage and lathe bed, lathe bed is equipped with the first guide rail, and sliding platform basal sliding is arranged on the first guide rail, and sliding platform is equipped with the second guide rail, grinding carriage basal sliding is arranged on the second guide rail, drives sliding platform to be moved forward and backward along the first guide rail by driving mechanism；Cylinder is installed on sliding platform, cylinder is driven by baric systerm, the piston rod of cylinder is set to apply a constant thrust to grinding carriage, so that the piston rod of cylinder is pushed against on grinding carriage always, the flexibility between the grinding wheel and workpiece when realizing work on grinding carriage is bonded.The present invention, which is had the advantage that compared with prior art through constant pressure grinding, to be improved cooling condition, avoids workpiece burn, improves grinding wheel durability.)

1. a kind of adaptive anti-burn cylindrical grinder, including lathe bed (1), the lathe bed (1) are equipped with the folder for clamping workpiece Mechanism is held, the side of the clamping device is equipped with grinding wheel mechanism, and the grinding wheel mechanism is mounted on a grinding carriage (5), special Sign is: a sliding platform (6) is equipped between the grinding carriage (5) and lathe bed (1), the lathe bed (1) is equipped with first and leads Rail (7), sliding platform (6) basal sliding are arranged on the first guide rail (7), and the sliding platform (6) is equipped with second and leads Rail (9), grinding carriage (5) basal sliding are arranged on the second guide rail (9), and first guide rail (7) and the second guide rail (9) are equal It extends along anteroposterior direction, is moved forward and backward by driving mechanism driving sliding platform (6) along the first guide rail (7), and then drive Sliding platform (6) and grinding carriage (5) thereon are mobile to the direction close to or far from workpiece；

Cylinder (12) are installed on the sliding platform (6), cylinder (12) are driven by baric systerm, make the piston of cylinder (12) Bar (13) applies a constant thrust to grinding carriage (5), so that the piston rod (13) of cylinder (12) is pushed against sand always On wheel carrier (5), the flexibility between the grinding wheel (4) and workpiece when realizing work on grinding carriage (5) is bonded.

2. a kind of adaptive anti-burn cylindrical grinder as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the baric systerm includes gas The outlet of press pump (19), three linked piece (20), pressure reducing valve (21), reversal valve (22), accumulator (23), the pulsometer (19) passes through First pipeline (24) is connected to the import of reversal valve (22), and the three linked piece (20), pressure reducing valve (21) are arranged at the first pipeline (24) on, and three linked piece (20) is arranged close to pulsometer (19), and cylinder (12) inner cavity is divided into ante-chamber and back cavity by piston, The ante-chamber of the cylinder (12) is connected by the second pipeline (25) with one of outlet of reversal valve (22), the cylinder (12) back cavity by third pipeline (26) with and another outlet of reversal valve (22) be connected, on the third pipeline (26) It is also connected with a branch (27), the accumulator (23) is arranged in branch (27) end.

3. a kind of adaptive anti-burn cylindrical grinder as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that: the branch (27) is equipped with One is used to open or closes the valve (28) of branch (27).

4. a kind of adaptive anti-burn cylindrical grinder as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: on the sliding platform (6) Equipped with two parallel the second guide rails (9) of left and right, sliding setting is there are two sliding block (10) on each second guide rail (9), and two the Four sliding block (10) tops on two guide rails (9) are fixed with a support plate (11), the support plate (11) and grinding carriage (5) bottom Portion is fixedly connected.

5. a kind of adaptive anti-burn cylindrical grinder as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that: the cylinder (12) is located at two Rear end between a second guide rail (9) and positioned at sliding platform (6), grinding carriage (5) the bottom rear end is provided with evacuation cylinder (12) the preceding end closure formation of rectangular channel (14), the rectangular channel (14) is kept out face (15), the piston rod of the cylinder (12) (13) front end is pushed against the keeping out on face (15) of grinding carriage (5).

6. a kind of adaptive anti-burn cylindrical grinder as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: grinding carriage (5) rear end Equipped with the limit plate (16) extended downwardly, the limit plate (16) is located on rear side of sliding platform (6), by limit plate (16) and sliding Moving platform (6) rear end face fits, and realization limits the extreme position of grinding carriage (5) forward slip.

7. a kind of adaptive anti-burn cylindrical grinder as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that: grinding carriage (5) left and right Two sides are respectively equipped with the latch (17) extended downwardly, support after the threaded hole screwed on latch (17) by lock-screw (18) Tightly in the left and right sidewall of sliding platform (6), the locking between grinding carriage (5) and sliding platform (6) is realized.

8. a kind of adaptive anti-burn cylindrical grinder as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the driving mechanism is linear Motor (8).

Technical field

The present invention relates to mechanical equipment technical field more particularly to a kind of adaptive anti-burn cylindrical grinders.

Background technique

Grinding machine is the lathe for carrying out grinding to workpiece surface using grinding tool, and grinding machine is capable of processing hardness higher material, such as Hardened steel, hard alloy steel etc.；Also fragile material, such as glass, granite are capable of processing.It is coarse that grinding machine can be carried out high-precision surface The grinding for spending very little, also can be carried out high-efficiency grinding, such as high-rate grinding.In all grinding machines, cylindrical grinder is most widely used General a kind of lathe is the mill of workpieces processing is cylindrical, cone or other shapes element line transform into outer surface and shaft shoulder end face Bed.

Grinding machine is in grinding, since radial force is larger, workpiece, fixture, grinding wheel process system can be caused to generate elastic deformation, Thus opposite grinding bed process system stiffness requires larger, while being ground during swiping, delineation, cutting workpiece and generating a large amount of grindings Heat, and existing grinding machine is because coolant liquid is difficult to enter grinding area, radiating condition is poor, rises the temperature of grinding skin very Fastly, it is undergone phase transition to over thousands of micron for about tens microns of surface metal, hardness changes with plasticity, and it is existing to generate scorch As.Burn destroys workpiece surface tissue, influences workpiece service performance and service life, while can also aggravate abrasion of grinding wheel.

Summary of the invention

It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a kind of adaptive anti-burn cylindrical grinder, with Phase is improved cooling condition by constant pressure grinding, avoids workpiece burn, improves grinding wheel durability.

The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:

A kind of adaptive anti-burn cylindrical grinder, including lathe bed, the lathe bed are equipped with the clamping machine for clamping workpiece Structure, the side of the clamping device are equipped with grinding wheel mechanism, and the grinding wheel mechanism is mounted on a grinding carriage, the grinding carriage with It is equipped with a sliding platform between lathe bed, the lathe bed is equipped with the first guide rail, and sliding platform basal sliding setting is the On one guide rail, the sliding platform is equipped with the second guide rail, and the grinding carriage basal sliding is arranged on the second guide rail, and described the One guide rail and the second guide rail extend each along front-rear direction, drive sliding platform to move along before and after the first guide rail by driving mechanism It is dynamic, and then drive sliding platform and grinding carriage thereon mobile to the direction close to or far from workpiece；

Cylinder is installed on the sliding platform, cylinder is driven by baric systerm, makes the piston rod of cylinder to grinding carriage Apply a constant thrust, so that the piston rod of cylinder is pushed against on grinding carriage always, when realizing work on grinding carriage Grinding wheel and workpiece between flexibility be bonded.

Further, the baric systerm includes pulsometer, three linked piece, pressure reducing valve, reversal valve, accumulator, the air pressure The outlet of pump passes through the import of the first piping connection to reversal valve, and the three linked piece, pressure reducing valve are arranged on the first pipeline, and Three linked piece is arranged close to pulsometer, and the cylinder inner cavity is divided into ante-chamber and back cavity by piston, and the ante-chamber of the cylinder passes through the Two pipelines are connected with one of outlet of reversal valve, the back cavity of the cylinder by third pipeline with and reversal valve it is another A outlet is connected, and a branch is also connected on the third pipeline, and the accumulator is arranged in branch end.

Further, the branch road is equipped with the valve for being used to open or closing branch.

Further, the sliding platform is equipped with two parallel the second guide rails of left and right, slides on each second guide rail There are two sliding block, four sliding block tops on two the second guide rails are fixed with a support plate, the support plate and grinding wheel for setting Frame bottom is fixedly connected.

Further, the cylinder is located at the rear end between two the second guide rails and being located at sliding platform, the grinding carriage Bottom rear end is provided with the rectangular channel of evacuation cylinder, and face, the piston rod of the cylinder are kept out in the preceding end closure formation of the rectangular channel Front end is pushed against the keeping out on face of grinding carriage.

Further, the grinding carriage rear end is equipped with the limit plate extended downwardly, after the limit plate is located at sliding platform Side is fitted by limit plate and sliding platform rear end face, and realization limits the extreme position of grinding carriage forward slip.

Further, the grinding carriage is respectively arranged on the left side and the right side the latch extended downwardly, is screwed in by lock-screw It is pushed against in the left and right sidewall of sliding platform after threaded hole on latch, realizes the locking between grinding carriage and sliding platform.

Further, the driving mechanism is linear electric machine.

The present invention has the advantage that compared with prior art

A kind of adaptive anti-burn cylindrical grinder provided by the invention, is equipped with a sliding between grinding carriage and lathe bed Platform, and cylinder and guide rail are installed on it, in cylindrical grinder rough grinding pass, the piston rod of cylinder gives grinding carriage one always A thrust, due to the setting of accumulator in baric systerm, so that the piston rod of cylinder can float with the floating of grinding carriage, energy Guarantee that the piston rod of cylinder is bonded with grinding carriage flexibility always, to guarantee flexible always between the grinding wheel and workpiece on grinding carriage Fitting；It can be realized constant pressure grinding in grinding process, constant pressure grinding energy effectively avoids temperature from increasing too fast problem, and has Enter grinding area conducive to coolant liquid, reaches the mesh for reducing grinding temperature, avoiding burn workpiece surface, slowing down abrasion of grinding wheel 's.And grinding force can be changed according to the pressure reducing valve in grinding dosage and workpiece size variation adjusting baric systerm circuit, from And keeping grinding process balanced, stable, overall grinding efficiency is high.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 is perspective view one of the invention.

Fig. 2 is perspective view two of the invention.

Fig. 3 is enlarged drawing at the A of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of sliding platform and lathe bed coupling part of the invention.

Fig. 5 is the attachment structure schematic diagram of grinding carriage and cylinder of the invention.

Fig. 6 is the gas circuit structure schematic diagram of baric systerm of the invention.

Figure label: 1 lathe bed, 2 framves, 3 tailstocks, 4 grinding wheels, 5 grinding carriages, 6 sliding platforms, 7 first guide rails, 8 linear electricity Machine, 9 second guide rails, 10 sliding blocks, 11 support plates, 12 cylinders, 13 piston rods, 14 rectangular channels, 15 keep out face, 16 limit plates, 17 locks Tight plate, 18 lock-screws, 19 pulsometers, 20 three linked pieces, 21 pressure reducing valves, 22 reversal valves, 23 accumulators, 24 first pipelines, 25 Two pipelines, 26 third pipelines, 27 branches, 28 valves.

Specific embodiment

It elaborates below to the embodiment of the present invention, the present embodiment carries out under the premise of the technical scheme of the present invention Implement, the detailed implementation method and specific operation process are given, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following implementation Example.

Referring to Fig. 1 to Fig. 6, present embodiment discloses a kind of adaptive anti-burn cylindrical grinder, including lathe bed 1, on lathe bed 1 Equipped with the clamping device for clamping workpiece, clamping device includes the head frame 2 and tailstock 3 that left and right is oppositely arranged, and passes through 2 He of head frame Tailstock 3 clamps workpiece.The side of clamping device is equipped with grinding wheel mechanism, the grinding wheel 4 of grinding wheel mechanism be located at head frame 2 and tailstock 3 it Between rear side.

Grinding wheel mechanism is mounted on a grinding carriage 5, and a sliding platform 6, lathe bed 1 are equipped between grinding carriage 5 and lathe bed 1 It is equipped with the first guide rail 7,6 basal sliding of sliding platform is arranged on the first guide rail 7, drives sliding platform 6 by linear electric machine 8 It is moved forward and backward along the first guide rail 7, and then drives sliding platform 6 and grinding carriage 5 thereon to the direction close to or far from workpiece It is mobile.

Sliding platform 6 is equipped with two parallel the second guide rails 9 of left and right, and the first guide rail 7 and the second guide rail 9 are each along front and back Direction extends.Sliding block 10 there are two being arranged, four 10 tops of sliding block on two the second guide rails 9 are slided on each second guide rail 9 It is fixed with a support plate 11, support plate 11 is fixedly connected with 5 bottom of grinding carriage.

Cylinder 12 is also equipped on sliding platform 6, cylinder 12 is located between two the second guide rails 9 and is located at sliding platform 6 Rear end, 5 bottom rear end of grinding carriage be provided with evacuation cylinder 12 rectangular channel 14, rectangular channel 14 preceding end closure formation keeps out face 15,13 front end of piston rod of cylinder 12 is pushed against the keeping out on face 15 of grinding carriage 5.Cylinder 12 is driven by baric systerm, makes gas The piston rod 13 of cylinder 12 applies a constant thrust to grinding carriage 5, so that the piston rod 13 of cylinder 12 is pushed against always Grinding carriage 5 is kept out on face 15, and the flexibility between the grinding wheel 4 and workpiece when realizing work on grinding carriage 5 is bonded.

5 rear end of grinding carriage is equipped with the limit plate 16 extended downwardly, and limit plate 16 is located at 6 rear side of sliding platform, passes through limit Plate 16 fits with 6 rear end face of sliding platform, and realization limits the extreme position of 5 forward slip of grinding carriage.Grinding carriage 5 is left Right two sides are respectively equipped with the latch 17 extended downwardly, are pushed against after the threaded hole screwed on latch 17 by lock-screw 18 In the left and right sidewall of sliding platform 6, the locking between grinding carriage 5 and sliding platform 6 is realized.

Baric systerm includes pulsometer 19, three linked piece 20, pressure reducing valve 21, reversal valve 22, accumulator 23, and pulsometer 19 goes out Mouth is connected to the import of reversal valve 22 by the first pipeline 24, and three linked piece 20, pressure reducing valve 21 are arranged on the first pipeline 24, and Three linked piece 20 is arranged close to pulsometer 19, and 12 inner cavity of cylinder is divided into ante-chamber and back cavity by piston, and the ante-chamber of cylinder 12 passes through the Two pipelines 25 are connected with one of outlet of reversal valve 22, and the back cavity of cylinder 12 passes through third pipeline 26 and and reversal valve 22 Another outlet be connected, be also connected with a branch 27 on third pipeline 26, accumulator 23 is arranged in 27 end of branch.Branch Road 27 is equipped with the valve 28 for being used to open or closing branch 27.When normal work, valve 28 is in normally open；When need When debugging or not working, the valve 28 is closed, to prevent gas leakage.

Setting three linked piece 20 can play pressure stabilizing, clean purpose.Setting accumulator 23 can play the role of constant pressure grinding, together When accumulator 23 presence also can avoid grinding process in due to the vibration of piston rod 13 in air-channel system other air pressures member Part generates impact, plays the role of absorption and mitigates impact, protects other elements.It is defeated that adjusting can be played by adjusting pressure reducing valve 21 Enter the effect to the gas pressure in cylinder 12, according to the variation of workpiece size and grinding dosage in grinding process, selection is closed The pressure of reason, that is, piston rod 13 exports reasonable thrust improves grinding quality and efficiency with this.

The course of work of cylindrical grinder provided in this embodiment is as follows:

Before grinding, workpiece clamp is handled by head frame 2 and tailstock 3 first.Then flat by the driving sliding of linear electric machine 8 Platform 6 moves forward, and then grinding carriage 5 thereon is driven to move forward, so that the grinding wheel 4 on grinding carriage 5 is close to workpiece.Then it adjusts Whole grinding carriage 5 is in initial position, concrete operations on sliding platform 6 are as follows: starting cylinder 12 makes grinding carriage 5 along the second guide rail 9 It moves forward, until the limit plate 16 of 5 rear end of grinding carriage fits with 6 rear end face of sliding platform, the piston rod of cylinder 12 at this time It is corrected before 13 and withstands on the keeping out on face 15 of grinding carriage 5, and the grinding wheel 4 on grinding carriage 5 just fits with workpiece.Then it adjusts Pressure reducing valve 21 in whole baric systerm circuit makes the piston rod 13 of cylinder 12 export thrust appropriate.

During being roughly ground, since workpiece surface roughness is larger and the presence of workpiece surface salient point, grinding wheel 4 It is moved along workpiece surface appearance, then grinding wheel 4 can front and back floating.In the process, when grinding wheel 4 encounters the salient point of workpiece surface When, workpiece will push the retrogressing of grinding wheel 4, then grinding carriage 5 will the piston rod 13 of pusher cylinder 12 bounce back, gas in the left chamber of cylinder 12 Body is compressed, and pressure increases, then gas extra in the left chamber of cylinder 12 can be pushed into and be stored in accumulator 23；And work as sand When wheel 4 is detached from the salient point of workpiece surface, salient point is to the thrust release of grinding wheel 4, and the left cavity pressure of cylinder 12 is still greater than at this time Right chamber, then the piston rod 13 of cylinder 12 will forward extend out automatically, and head on grinding carriage 5 keeps out face 15 to push grinding carriage 5 It moves forward, so that grinding wheel 4 fits with workpiece surface always, left cavity pressure of cylinder 12 reduces during this, then is stored in Gas in accumulator 23 enters gas circuit again and returns in 12 left chamber of cylinder, to guarantee the stabilization of pressure；So circulation.

Due to being provided with accumulator 23 in baric systerm, the piston due to cylinder 12 is compensated or absorbed by accumulator 23 Pressure change in gas circuit caused by bar 13 floats back and forth stablizes it in set pressure, guarantees cylinder 12 to the thrust of grinding carriage 5 It is constant, so that the piston rod 13 of cylinder 12 can float with the floating of grinding carriage 5, it ensure that the grinding wheel 4 on grinding carriage 5 Always it is bonded with workpiece surface flexibility, has both avoided that cause temperature to increase because grinding force is excessive too fast to burn workpiece surface Problem is also avoided that workpiece surface salient point the problem of 4 surface of grinding wheel depicts rill, to improve 4 service life of grinding wheel.

In the lesser situation of grinding allowance, to guarantee machining accuracy, it need to will be locked between sliding platform 6 and grinding carriage 5. Therefore before fine grinding, grinding carriage 5 is pushed to move forward by cylinder 12, until the limit plate 16 and sliding platform 6 of 5 rear end of grinding carriage Rear end face fits, and is pushed against sliding after the threaded hole then screwed on two latch 17 respectively by two lock-screws 18 In the left and right sidewall of platform 6, the locking between grinding carriage 5 and sliding platform 6 can be realized, at this time grinding carriage 5 and sliding platform 6 Locking is integrated.After locking, the piston rod 13 of cylinder 12 is retracted, so that piston rod 13 is detached from grinding carriage 5, refined.

As above, which meets set processing request, the adaptive anti-burn peripheral milling Guide rail and cylinder is arranged by adding sliding platform 6 between outer circle grinder bed 1 and grinding carriage 5 in bed on sliding platform 6 12, constant pressure grinding is realized by the constant thrust that cylinder 12 exports, and on this basis by reducing grinding force and improvement The approach of grinding area cooling condition realizes the purpose that workpiece surface avoids burn in process.The present invention changes significantly It has been apt to grinding condition, improve workpiece surface quality and has improved 4 service life of grinding wheel.And this grinder structure is simple, it is easy to operate, Operating cost is cheap.

The above is merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not intended to limit the invention, it is all in spirit of the invention and Made any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention within principle.