阅读说明：本技术 钾明矾悬浮焙烧分解生产氧化铝、硫酸钾和硫酸的方法 (The method that production aluminium oxide, potassium sulfate and sulfuric acid are decomposed in potassium alum suspension roasting ) 是由 旷戈 黄海 沈志民 郝慧玲 刘慧勇 余美燕 于 2019-09-24 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种钾明矾悬浮焙烧分解生产氧化铝、硫酸钾和硫酸的方法,将钾明矾投入到第一悬浮焙烧炉系统进行焙烧脱水并预热,然后将预热并脱水后的无水钾明矾引入第二悬浮焙烧炉系统中进行高温悬浮焙烧分解,分解后的高温反应物经冷却器冷却后,经过水溶出后过滤洗涤并干燥获得氧化铝粉末,浸取液浓缩结晶后获得硫酸钾；第二悬浮焙烧炉系统的热解气体经过余热回收和催化氧化吸收后获得浓硫酸；本发明将钾明矾在第一悬浮炉内脱除大量结晶水分并预热,可以在第二悬浮炉中迅速分解,可大幅度减少第二悬浮炉内热解气体中的水分,降低能耗,并提高热解气体中二氧化硫与三氧化硫的浓度,使后续余热回收以及硫酸吸收等方便进行,并实现综合利用。(The invention discloses a kind of methods that production aluminium oxide, potassium sulfate and sulfuric acid are decomposed in potassium alum suspension roasting, it potassium alum is put into the first suspension roasting furnace system carries out roasting and dehydration and preheat, then it will preheat and dewatered anhydrous potassium alum is introduced into progress high temperature suspension roasting decomposition in the second suspension roasting furnace system, pyroreaction object after decomposition is after cooler is cooling, by it is water-soluble go out after filtration washing and it is dry obtain alumina powder, obtain potassium sulfate after leaching liquid condensing crystallizing；The pyrolysis gas of second suspension roasting furnace system obtains the concentrated sulfuric acid after waste heat recycling and catalysis oxidation absorb；Potassium alum is removed mass crystallization moisture in the first shower furnace and preheated by the present invention, it can be decomposed rapidly in the second shower furnace, the moisture in the second shower furnace in pyrolysis gas can be greatly reduced, reduce energy consumption, and improve the concentration of sulfur dioxide and sulfur trioxide in pyrolysis gas, so that subsequent waste heat recycling and sulfuric acid absorption etc. is facilitated progress, and realizes comprehensive utilization.)

1. a kind of method that production aluminium oxide, potassium sulfate and sulfuric acid are decomposed in potassium alum suspension roasting, it is characterised in that: including following Step:

1) potassium alum is subjected to break process；

2) broken potassium alum is continuously transmitted into the primary air stream preheater of the first suspension roasting furnace system and is carried out tentatively Dehydration preheating, tail gas empty after dust-extraction unit dedusting, and obtained potassium alum is transferred to two in the first suspension roasting furnace system It is dry that secondary preheating is carried out in grade air-flow preheater；

3) potassium alum after second level preheating and drying is transferred to the first suspension roaster, and from suspension roaster combustion bottom burner High-temperature gas is sufficiently mixed, and gas solid separation, isolated High Temperature Gas are collected and carried out by the first rotoclone collector of subsequent connection Body is introduced into the secondary air flow preheater in the first suspension roasting furnace system, is re-introduced into primary air stream preheater；

4) level-one being delivered continuously to anhydrous potassium alum obtained in the first rotoclone collector in the second shower furnace roasting system In air-flow preheater, enters back into the secondary air flow preheater in the second suspension furnace system and preheated, primary air stream preheater For sulfur-containing tail gas after separation through dust-extraction unit dedusting, sulfur-containing tail gas obtains by-product sulfuric acid, ring through sulfuric acid catalysis absorption system again Protect it is up to standard after be discharged in atmosphere through blower；

5) potassium alum after the secondary air flow preheater preheating of the second suspension roasting furnace system in step 4) is delivered continuously to the It is anti-to be sufficiently mixed progress Roasting Decomposition with the high-temperature gas from the second suspension roaster combustion bottom burner for two suspension roasters It answers, and the second suspension is introduced by the collection of the second rotoclone collector of subsequent connection and gas solid separation, isolated high-temperature gas The secondary air flow preheater of roaster system, is re-introduced into primary air stream preheater；Material after the decomposition of second suspension roaster After aerial cooler is cooling, the filter cake of potassium sulfate solution and aluminium oxide is obtained with water extraction solid-liquor separation, potassium sulfate is molten Liquid condensing crystallizing obtains potassium product, and aluminium oxide filter cake obtains alumina product after drying；

6) air being heated in aerial cooler is blown into the first suspension roasting furnace system or the second suspension roasting with air blower Burner in furnace system.

2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized by: the broken partial size of potassium alum is less than 5mm in step 1).

3. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized by: in step 2 the first suspension roasting furnace system primary air stream The secondary air flow preheater of preheating gas in preheater and secondary air flow preheater respectively from the first suspension roasting furnace system With the first rotoclone collector, material is consistent with the high-temperature gas direction of motion in air-flow preheater；The exhaust temperature of emptying is 100- 200℃。

4. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized by: in step 3) the first suspension roaster roasting after anhydrous potassium Alum water content < 0.5%, the potassium alum temperature for being transported to the second suspension roaster is 100-600 DEG C.

5. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized by: Roasting Decomposition reacts in the second suspension roaster in step 5) Temperature is 800-1060 DEG C, reaction time 5-120s, and the direction of motion in furnace is consistent with material for high-temperature gas.

Technical field

The invention belongs to field of thermometallurgical technology, and in particular to a kind of potassium alum suspension roasting decompose production aluminium oxide, The method of potassium sulfate and sulfuric acid.

Background technique

Al₂O₃It is a kind of important inorganic powder material, there are the good characteristics such as high temperature resistant, corrosion-resistant, wear-resistant, extensively Applied to fields such as metallurgy, mechanical industry, sensor, bioceramics.China possess it is vast till the land, soil generally lacks Potassium, and long-term Potassium Fertilizer Application is insufficient, especially the demand of chlorideless potassic fertilizer is continuously improved in recent years.Potassium sulfate is as common one It plants chlorideless potassic fertilizer and the sulphur in soil can be supplemented, sulphur is conducive to the formation of chlorophyll, protein and carbohydrate, can improve Crop yield and quality, but China's Production of Potassium Sulphate is started late, and nowadays still wants a large amount of potassium sulfate of import every year, it is right Outer interdependency is in 60 % or more；And the industry byproduct that potassium alum is common as one kind, yield are unable to get make full use of greatly；It is comprehensive Upper described, develop one is necessary using the potassium sulfate of potassium alum production high value and the technology path of aluminium oxide.

Traditional potassium alum pyrolysismethod generallys use fixed bed and rotary kiln, with maturing temperature be difficult to control, equipment compared with To be huge, calcining time is long (> 1h), and processing capacity is limited, and energy consumption is high, at high cost, decomposes insufficient disadvantage；The present invention uses The method that suspension roasting is decomposed, enables material to come into full contact with high-temperature gas, and the control of suspension furnace temperature is more accurate, can To control at 10 DEG C or so, the phenomenon that local overheating melts is avoided.

Summary of the invention

The present invention provides a kind of method that production aluminium oxide, potassium sulfate and sulfuric acid are decomposed in potassium alum suspension roasting, solutions It has determined and potassium in current potassium alum, aluminium the problem of cannot obtaining simple, efficient utilization and has overcome traditional potassium alum method of roasting Deficiency, have equipment simple, the advantages that residence time of material is short, at low cost, and processing capacity is strong, and temperature control is accurate.

To achieve the goals above, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

A kind of method that production aluminium oxide, potassium sulfate and sulfuric acid are decomposed in potassium alum suspension roasting comprising following steps:

1) potassium alum is crushed to certain partial size with crusher；

2) broken potassium alum is continuously transmitted into the primary air stream preheater in the first suspension roasting furnace system, is entered back into Secondary air flow preheater to the first suspension roasting furnace system carries out preliminary hydro-extraction preheating, the tail after the separation of primary air stream preheater For gas again through dust-extraction unit dedusting, the potassium alum powder that tails dedusting obtains puts into the secondary air flow in the first suspension roasting furnace system Secondary preheating is dry in preheater；

3) potassium alum after second level preheating and drying is transferred to the first suspension roaster, and from suspension roaster bottom heating device High-temperature gas is sufficiently mixed, and gas solid separation, isolated high temperature are collected and carried out by the first rotoclone collector of subsequent connection Gas is introduced into the secondary air flow preheater in the first suspension roasting furnace system, is re-introduced into primary air stream preheater；

4) obtained anhydrous potassium alum is delivered continuously in the primary air stream preheater in the second shower furnace roasting system, then into Enter to the secondary air flow preheater in the second suspension furnace system and preheated, the tail gas after the separation of primary air stream preheater is through dedusting The sulfur-containing tail gas obtained after device dedusting obtains by-product through sulfuric acid catalysis absorption system again through dust-extraction unit dedusting, sulfur-containing tail gas Sulfuric acid is discharged in atmosphere after remaining tail gas environment protection standard through blower；

5) the anhydrous potassium alum in step 4) after the secondary air flow preheater preheating of the second suspension furnace system is delivered continuously to second Suspension roaster is sufficiently mixed progress Roasting Decomposition with the high-temperature gas from suspension roaster combustion bottom burner and reacts, and leads to It crosses latter linked rotoclone collector collection and gas solid separation, isolated high-temperature gas is introduced into the second suspension roasting furnace system Secondary air flow preheater is re-introduced into primary air stream preheater；Material after the decomposition of second suspension roaster is used after supercooling The filter cake of potassium sulfate solution and aluminium oxide is obtained after water extraction solid-liquor separation, potassium sulfate solution condensing crystallizing obtains potassium sulfate and produces Product, aluminium oxide filter cake obtain alumina product after drying；

6) material separated in step 5) is transferred in air fluidizing cooler to be cooled down with air, will be added in aerial cooler The air of heat is blown into the burner in the first suspension roasting furnace system or the second suspension roasting furnace system with air blower.

Potassium alum is crushed to 5mm or less in step 1)；

Preheating gas difference in step 2 in the primary air stream preheater and secondary air flow preheater of the first suspension roasting system Secondary air flow preheater and the second rotoclone collector from the first suspension roasting system, material and High Temperature Gas in air-flow preheater The body direction of motion is consistent；Empty the temperature of tail gas are as follows: 100-200 DEG C；

Material in step 3) after the roasting of the first suspension roasting furnace system is anhydrous potassium alum water content < 0.5%, is transported to second The dehydration potassium alum temperature of charge of suspension roaster is 100-600 DEG C；

The reaction temperature of material Roasting Decomposition in the second suspension roaster is 960-1060 DEG C in step 5), when reactant stops Between be 5-120s, the direction of motion in furnace is consistent with material for high-temperature gas.

The potassium alum resolution ratio of this method processing is greater than 96%.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

(1) potassium alum is easy containing crystallization water tap nearly 50%, the temperature control of two sections of suspension roasting, the problem for avoiding melting from crusting, High-efficient, low energy consumption, avoid local temperature it is excessively high and generate sintering phenomenon.

(2) dehydration potassium alum decomposes rapidly in the second shower furnace, and pyrolysis gas moisture content is low, sulfur dioxide and three oxygen The content for changing sulphur is high, and subsequent waste heat recycling and sulfuric acid absorption is made to facilitate progress.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 is the flow diagram that potassium alum suspension roasting of the present invention is decomposed, wherein 1,2- first suspension roasting furnace system In level-one, secondary air flow preheater；Level-one, secondary air flow preheater in 6,7- the second suspension roasting furnace system；3,8-the One, the second suspension roaster；5,11- first, the second rotoclone collector；4,9 one dust-extraction units；10-sulfuric acid catalysis absorb dress It sets；12- aerial cooler；13- water immersion；14,15- burners.

Specific embodiment

The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following reality Example.