阅读说明：本技术 一种具有轻量化特征藏区佛像铸造用黄利玛合金及其工艺 (One kind having the casting of the lightweight feature Tibetan area figure of buddha yellow Riamb's alloy and its technique ) 是由 杨长江 于 2018-08-28 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种具有轻量化特征藏区佛像铸造用黄利玛合金及其工艺。按照重量百分比,该合金的成分为:Li:2.0-3.0wt.%,Mg:10.0-15.0wt.%,Sc:0.3-0.5wt.%,Bi:4.0-6.0wt.%,Mn:2.0-3.0wt.%,Zn:20.0-24.0wt.%,Al:10.0-15.0wt.%,Ag:4.0-5.0wt.%,余量为铜。该材料为我国藏区铜像铸造用利玛合金提供了一种轻量化的解决方案,且所得产品外表具备黄色的观感。该材料的实施和产业化可以有效的推动我国宗教饰品行业新材料的更新和行业升级需求。(The invention discloses one kind to have the casting of the lightweight feature Tibetan area figure of buddha yellow Riamb's alloy and its technique.According to weight percent, the ingredient of the alloy are as follows: Li:2.0-3.0wt.%, Mg:10.0-15.0wt.%, Sc:0.3-0.5wt.%, Bi:4.0-6.0wt.%, Mn:2.0-3.0wt.%, Zn:20.0-24.0wt.%, Al:10.0-15.0wt.%, Ag:4.0-5.0wt.%, surplus are copper.The material provides a kind of light-weighted solution with Riamb's alloy for the casting of China Tibetan area bronze statue, and products obtained therefrom appearance has the perception of yellow.The implementation and industrialization of the material can effectively push update and the industry upgrade requirement of China's religion jewellery trade new material.)

1. one kind has the casting of the lightweight feature Tibetan area figure of buddha yellow Riamb's alloy and its technique；According to weight percent, the conjunction The ingredient of gold are as follows: Li:2.0-3.0wt.%, Mg:10.0-15.0wt.%, Sc:0.3-0.5wt.%, Bi:4.0-6.0wt.%, Mn: 2.0-3.0wt.%, Zn:20.0-24.0wt.%, Al:10.0-15.0wt.%, Ag:4.0-5.0wt.%, surplus are copper.

2. a kind of according to claim 1 have the casting of the lightweight feature Tibetan area figure of buddha yellow Riamb's alloy and its technique, It is characterized in that including following smelting step: in the electric induction furnace that the raw material as above matched is added under ar gas environment, and uses Graphite crucible;10 minutes are kept the temperature at 1200 degree when melting, it is uniform by Efco-Northrup furnace electromagnetic agitation;After mixing evenly at 1200 degree It keeps the temperature 1 minute and casts and come out of the stove;Alloy casting uses the punching block of diameter 20-30mm, and is cooled down by the way of water cooling.

3. a kind of according to claim 1 have the casting of the lightweight feature Tibetan area figure of buddha yellow Riamb's alloy and its technique, It is characterized in that comprising using step as follows: resulting ingot casting being heated to 850-950 degree at room temperature and keeps the temperature 10 minutes;Then The melt is poured into and carries out cast molding in the mold being ready for;Elimination casting stress vacuum is carried out after cooling and demolding to move back Fire, temperature are 420 degree, and the time is 0.4 hour.

Technical field

The present invention relates to technical field of alloy, specifically, being related to an Albatra metal.

Background technique

Tibetan Buddhist is formed in 10th century of Christian era, and presence of the bronze statue of Buddha picture in Tibetan's religious activities, to trace back to Tibetan regime The epoch that imperial court's Buddhism just passes.Continue to this day more than 1,000 years Tibetan Buddhist history, it is difficult to load of the figure of buddha of counting as faith Body is enshrined and worship among monastery and family.Bronze statue of Buddha picture occupy in Tibetan Buddhist religion culture as a kind of artistic expression A place in the sun is the representative of Tibetan art and traditional technology highest achievement.These culture rarities have embodied a concentrated reflection of Ancient Times in China Superb smelts skill and magnificent culture.

There are two types of the traditional copper figure of buddha casting methods existing for Tibet region: lost wax process and Sha Fan casting.Bronze statue of Buddha The outer dimension and manufacture craft of picture, especially casting technique have direct relationship.

(1) lost-wax process is one of ancient metal casting technique, and principle is that mould identical with casting is made with wax material, is applied with Modeling Material becomes block mold, heats after dry and melt wax, the cavity mold in integral seamless model face formed, by molten metal It pours into.Outer model (shell mould) is removed after solidification to get casting.This method is known as precision-investment casting in contemporary metal technique, in Gu In generation, is chiefly used in casting shape complexity, the casting with three-dimensional openwork carving effect.

(2) Sha Fanfa conventional casting techniques are compared in sand mixed with certain using natural sand as outer model material is made The clay of example is so that the grains of sand are bonded together.Sand is put into compacting in sandbox and forms husky model, Sha Fan is by size identical two Part forms.The mould of casting is placed in two pieces of husky model contact surfaces and is molded out cast shape, and on the contact surface of two pieces of husky models Powder particle (such as plant ash) is sprinkled, two pieces of husky model bondings are prevented.Two pieces of husky models are separated, the mould of casting, Sha Fanzai are taken out Closure forms cavity casting model, and molten metal is poured into.Remove to remove sand model after solidification to get to casting.

Whether Sha Fanfa or lost-wax process all generate limitation to the size of moulding.With the increase of statue size, work Skill difficulty increases also significantly, and therefore, craftsman must acquire balance between size and statue success rate.Lost-wax process is commonly used to The smaller bronze statue of size is prepared, and sand model method can prepare slightly large-scale bronze statue.Husky model casting certainly exists monomer casting The height limitation made, this is determined by the form and process flow of husky model.

After 16th century of Christian era, makes the large-scale figure of buddha and copper sheet is mostly used to forge production, then splice and combine.From technique Angle sees there is more conveniences for casting technique using technique production bronze statue is forged.Firstly, size by Limitation it is smaller, the figure of buddha highly from 300 meters to 30 meter can make;Secondly, when production the form of complexity easy to accomplish with Appearance can produce the moulding of great aesthetic feeling;Further more, forging the copper sheet production figure of buddha, copper material can be saved.Therefore, work is forged The bronze statue of Buddha picture of skill production, occupies high specific gravity in entire Tibet bronze statue manufacturing, and casting technique be mainly used to make it is small The figure of buddha of size.

Either above-mentioned casting (lost-wax process and sand model method) still forges method and requires initial Cu alloy material tool There is excellent casting character.Traditionally, Tibetan area is used to prepare the material of bronze statue referred to as Riamb's alloy due to history.Riamb It is the meaning of Tibetan language, is exactly the general name of all kinds of copper alloys.Modern age to Riamb's figure of buddha alloy research shows that, in Riamb's alloy usually A certain amount of lead and mercury is added.Since lead and mercury do not form alloy with copper, in the solidification of Riamb's alloy, with Cu rich alloy Continuous solidification, the liquid phase of rich lead and mercury also constantly separates from initial alloy melt.These rich lead and mercury melt Since discord copper-rich melt mixes, thus gradually arrived the gap of dendrite by exclusion along with the generation of dendrite in process of setting In, and finally solidified in these narrow gaps, play the effect in supplement solidification cavity.Thus it is added to appropriate lead and mercury Copper alloy it is extremely suitable be used to cast the large-scale statue such as figure of buddha because the solidification that generates of this material is few the defects of empty.

Develop and industrialization have advanced feature Riamb's alloy be the inevitable problem of Tibet religion, for a long time with Come domestic many research institutions and enterprise and carries out multi-faceted trial, but regrettably, it not yet takes so far Obtain the progress of any substance.The thermodynamics and kinetics means pair of bottom can be passed through by advanced design of material technology Riamb's alloy material is innovated, and has very big market price to the problem solution and industrialization of developing and develop new material Value.In face of the domestic and international market competition being growing more intense, it is necessary to which paces of accelerating restructuring, this is world today's related fields Development trend.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiency in the prior art, provides a kind of with lightweight feature Tibetan area figure of buddha casting use Yellow Riamb's alloy and its technique.

To achieve the goals above, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:

One kind having the casting of the lightweight feature Tibetan area figure of buddha yellow Riamb's alloy and its technique.By weight percentage, alloy Group becomes Li:2.0-3.0wt.%, Mg:10.0-15.0wt.%, Sc:0.3-0.5wt.%, Bi:4.0-6.0wt.%, Mn:2.0- 3.0wt.%, Zn:20.0-24.0wt.%, Al:10.0-15.0wt.%, Ag:4.0-5.0wt.%, surplus are copper.

It is above-mentioned a kind of with the casting of the lightweight feature Tibetan area figure of buddha yellow Riamb's alloy and its technique, include the following steps: As above the raw material matched is added in the electric induction furnace under ar gas environment, and uses graphite crucible;It is protected when melting at 1200 degree Temperature 10 minutes is uniform by Efco-Northrup furnace electromagnetic agitation;1 minute, which is kept the temperature, at 1200 degree after mixing evenly and is cast comes out of the stove;Alloy Casting uses the punching block of diameter 20-30mm, and is cooled down by the way of water cooling.Resulting ingot casting is heated to 850- at room temperature 950 degree and keep the temperature 10 minutes;Then the melt is poured into and carries out cast molding in the mold being ready for;It is needed after cooling and demolding It carries out eliminating casting stress vacuum annealing, temperature is 420 degree, and the time is 0.4 hour.

Compared with prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) modern age to Riamb's figure of buddha alloy research shows that, a certain amount of lead and mercury are usually added into Riamb's alloy.Due to lead Alloy is not formed with copper with mercury, in the solidification of Riamb's alloy, with the continuous solidification of Cu rich alloy, the liquid phase of rich lead and mercury Also it is constantly separated from initial alloy melt.These rich lead and mercury melt since discord copper-rich melt mixes, thus Gradually squeezed in the gap of dendrite in process of setting along with the generation of dendrite, and in these narrow gaps most Final set is solid, plays the effect in supplement solidification cavity.The copper alloy for being thus added to appropriate lead and mercury extremely suitable is used to cast The large size statue such as figure of buddha, because the solidification of this material generation is few the defects of empty.For technical term, traditional Riamb The liquid alloy of alloy can generate Spinodal destructive effect during solidification, generate two kinds of mutually insoluble liquid phases, Thus the liquid phase of low melting point can compensate the dendrite cavity generated when the solidification of high-melting-point liquid phase in process of setting, thus have pole Its beneficial effect.It is noted that arriving, traditional Tibetan area figure of buddha is copper alloy with Riamb's alloy, it is contemplated that the quantity of the figure of buddha And the size of each figure of buddha, required amount of copper and total weight are all very surprising.Present patent application is protected novel Copper alloy can substantially reduce the usage amount of copper and keep low close on the basis of having traditional Riamb's alloy graining performance The feature of degree.Thus not only reduce the cost of raw material, additionally it is possible to have light-weighted feature, be readily transported and be laid out.

(2) lead and mercury are common heavy metals, and depot accumulation time is long in human body, it is slow to drain, to nerve, blood, kidney system It unites toxic.After the leaded alloy with mercury of Long Term Contact, these heavy metals can enter by flue dust is exhaled by worker or user Road and alimentary canal are inhaled, lead poisoning and mercury poisoning are caused.In traditional Riamb's alloy, lead and mercury are two kinds of important raw material, In Environmental consciousness extremely important today, the novel Riamb's alloy of lead-free and mercury-free of present patent application protection is for protecting environment, maintenance People's health plays the role of positive important.

(3) the lightweight Riamb alloy of present patent application protection, initial alloy melt can be due in temperature-fall period Spinodal effect is decomposed into copper-rich melt and rich bismuth melt.Thus, which has wide solidification temperature range (300- 840 degree).Wherein the solidification temperature range of main copper-rich melt is 720-840 degree, and the solidification temperature range of rich bismuth is 300- 420 degree.The temperature range that the solidification temperature range of two kinds of liquid phases is covered from 840 degree to 300 degree, thus carried out with the alloy When the figure of buddha is cast, the chance and degree that molten metal and casting mold react are smaller, and the anti-air-breathing oxidability of alloy compared with By force, the degree of purity of molten metal improves, and improves the reuse performance of alloy.The appearance profile of alloy cast member after 4 reuses Clearly, any surface finish illustrates that the reuse of alloy is functional without obvious blackspot or discoloration.Thus, the industrialization of the material, no Yield rate only can be improved, production cost can also be substantially reduced by multiple reuse.

(4) novel Riamb's alloy has the perception of yellow, and has excellent low-density characteristic, and density maintains 7.0-7.2g/cm³, and the density of traditional Riamb alloy is generally in 8.5g/cm³Left and right changes.It is right due to greatly reducing density For the place that the terrain environment and bronze statue of Tibetan area are often placed (mountain peak and mountain valley), just there are extremely excellent movement and peace Dress advantage.The material has high hardness, can achieve 170-190HB.And the hardness of traditional Riamb's alloy maintains 100-110HB.The figure of buddha cast using Riamb's alloy, will not leave any scratch even if nail surface is streaked.Just After being often used 10 years, figure of buddha surface is not also because of the scratch of the hard object formation of contact.In addition, the material also has excellent fastness With resistance to oxidation characteristic.Using the figure of buddha of Riamb's alloy casting, there is no apparent corrosion phenomenons to occur after using 20 years.Phase Comparatively, the figure of buddha that traditional Riamb's alloy is cast just has apparent corrosion now after keeping in the environment of Tibet 4 years As occurring, the serious perception for having influenced figure of buddha surface and clean workload.It is contemplated that the implementation and industry of the material Change will obtain excellent economic benefit and social benefit.

Specific embodiment