阅读说明：本技术 可移动补偿式钻头装置 (Move compensation drill bit device ) 是由 于燕 张润泽 于 2019-09-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种可移动补偿式钻头装置。其技术方案是是：钻杆挺进体的中心孔内设有钻具载体,且钻具载体与钻杆挺进体之间形成循环液通道；所述钻具载体的中心承载孔内设有中心耗费体；所述中心耗费体上设有主钻头装置和备用钻头装置,主钻铣钻头的内表面卡合在钻杆挺进体末端设有的钻头防扭容刀槽。有益效果是：本发明设计多个备用钻头装置与主钻头装置一次性安装到钻杆下入井下进行钻井作业,在主钻头装置失效时,将备用钻头装置移出,从而形成新的钻铣钻头,避免了一次或者多次的上提钻杆更换钻头的作业,从而大幅的降低了作业时间,提高了有效钻井的效率；同时也减低了作业费用,提高了钻井的经济效益,降低了钻井成本。(The present invention relates to one kind to move compensation drill bit device.Its technical solution is: drilling rod drive ons boldly and is equipped with drilling tool carrier in the centre bore of body, and drilling tool carrier and drilling rod drive on formation circulation fluid channel between body boldly；It is equipped with center in the center bearing holes of the drilling tool carrier and expends body；The center expends body and is equipped with main drill bit device and spare drill bit device, and the main inner surface for boring illing-drilling head is fastened on drilling rod and drive ons the anti-torsion appearance cutter groove of drill bit that body end is equipped with boldly.Beneficial effect is: the present invention designs multiple spare drill bit devices and main drill bit device is disposably installed under drilling rod lower going-into-well and carries out drillng operation, in the failure of main drill bit device, spare drill bit device is removed, to form new brill illing-drilling head, avoid the primary or multiple operation for above mentioning drilling rod more bit change, to greatly reduce the activity duration, the efficiency of effective drilling well is improved；Operating cost is also reduced simultaneously, the economic benefit of drilling well is improved, reduces drilling cost.)

1. one kind moves compensation drill bit device, it is characterized in that: including that drilling rod drive ons body (1), drilling tool carrier (2), center consumption boldly Take body (3), main brill illing-drilling head (4), spare drill bit unfolding mechanism (6), spare drill bit shaft (7), spare drill bit support rod (8), Cutter groove (12), the expansion of spare drill bit are held in power transmission torque item (9), circulation fluid channel (10), spare brill illing-drilling head (11), the anti-torsion of drill bit Loose slot (15), the first drill bit axis of dilatation (16), first support bar (17), the first drill bit are unfolded in loose slot (14), the first drill bit Spring (18), the first drill bit shaft (19) are unfolded, are equipped with the external screw thread for jointed rod in the rear end that drilling rod drive ons body (1) boldly (13), drilling rod drive ons body (1) boldly equipped with centre bore, and centre bore is interior to be equipped with drilling tool carrier (2), and drilling tool carrier (2) is drive on boldly with drilling rod Circulation fluid channel (10) are formed between body (1)；It is equipped with center bearing holes in the drilling tool carrier (2), is equipped in the bearing holes of center Power transmission torque item (9), center bearing holes connect center by power transmission torque item (9) and expend body (3)；Body (3) are expended at the center It is equipped with main drill bit device and spare drill bit device, the main drill bit device of front end includes the first drill bit expansion loose slot (15), the One drill bit axis of dilatation (16), first support bar (17), the first drill bit expansion spring (18), the first drill bit shaft (19) and the milling of main brill Drill bit (4), the main hub head end for boring illing-drilling head (4) and being connected to center consuming body (3) by the first drill bit shaft (19), main brill milling The middle part of drill bit (4) is connected to the first drill bit axis of dilatation by first support bar (17) and the first drill bit expansion spring (18) (16), and the first drill bit axis of dilatation (16) the first drill bit expansion loose slot (15) in move, it is described it is main bore illing-drilling head (4) it is interior Surface is fastened on drilling rod and drive ons anti-torsion appearance cutter groove (12) of drill bit that body (1) end is equipped with boldly, improves the main torsion for boring illing-drilling head (4).

2. according to claim 1 move compensation drill bit device, it is characterized in that: the spare drill bit device includes standby With drill bit expansion loose slot (14), spare drill bit unfolding mechanism (6), spare drill bit shaft (7), spare drill bit support rod (8), standby With illing-drilling head (11) are bored, the spare brill illing-drilling head (11) connects spare drill bit shaft (7) by spare drill bit support rod (8), It the spare middle part for boring illing-drilling head (11), will by spare drill bit unfolding mechanism (6) and spare drill bit expansion loose slot (14) cooperation Spare drill bit unfolding mechanism (6) compression, makes spare brill illing-drilling head (11) be installed in power transmission torque item (9) top of centre bore.

3. according to claim 1 move compensation drill bit device, it is characterized in that: the spare drill bit device is equipped with more Group is successively assembled in center and expends on body (3).

4. according to claim 1 move compensation drill bit device, it is characterized in that: being set in the circulation fluid channel (10) Have circulation constant pressure valve (5), circulation constant pressure valve (5) includes level pressure valve body (5.1) and divides constant pressure valve (5.2), level pressure valve body (5.1) it is cirque structure, multiple points of constant pressure valves (5.2) is distributed on level pressure valve body (5.1).

5. according to claim 1 move compensation drill bit device, it is characterized in that: the main brill illing-drilling head (4) includes Cutter block ontology (4.1), support tube (4.2), interior oblique cutter head (4.3), outer oblique cutter head (4.4), axis hole (4.5), main drill bit support rod (4.6), the cutter block ontology (4.1) is made of Wear-resistant, high-temperature resistant material, and the top of cutter block ontology (4.1) is equipped with up-thin-low-thick Main drill bit support rod (4.6), the upper end of main drill bit support rod (4.6) is equipped with axis hole (4.5), the cutter block ontology (4.1) Middle part is equipped with support tube (4.2), for cooperating with the first drill bit axis of dilatation (16) and first support bar (17).

6. according to claim 5 move compensation drill bit device, it is characterized in that: the one of the cutter block ontology (4.1) End is equipped with interior oblique cutter head (4.3), and the other end is equipped with outer oblique cutter head (4.4), in this way, forming main brill in two cutter block ontologies (4.1) When illing-drilling head (4), oblique cutter head (4.3) forms the main outermost end for boring illing-drilling head (4), tiltedly cutter head (4.4) formation outside two in two With the drilling rod structure that drive on body (1) boldly parallel.

7. according to claim 5 move compensation drill bit device, it is characterized in that: the cutter block ontology (4.1) is length The structure of bar shaped, surface are embedded with diamond.

8. according to claim 1 move compensation drill bit device, it is characterized in that: the drill bit supporting body (3) includes Supporting body ontology (3.1), shaft loose slot (3.2) are equipped with multiple shaft loose slots on cylindrical supporting body ontology (3.1) (3.2) and loose slot (14) are unfolded in spare drill bit.

9. according to claim 1 move compensation drill bit device, it is characterized in that: the drilling tool carrier (2) includes carrying Body ontology (2.1) and spare cutter block developing tank (2.2), offer multiple spare cutter blocks on columnar carrier body (2.1) Developing tank (2.2).

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of compensable drilling bit device and method, in particular to one kind moves compensation drill bit Device.

Background technique

Drill bit is the main tool of fractured rock in drilling process, and wellbore is formed by drill bit fractured rock.One A wellbore forms fine or not, the length of time used, except the performance of characteristic and drill bit itself with drilled strata rock has outside the Pass, More between drill bit and stratum to be mutually matched degree related.The reasonable selection of drill bit is comprehensive to raising rate of penetration, reduction drilling well Synthesis originally plays an important role.PDC drill bit is a kind of current oil and gas prospect exploitation widely used broken rock work of industry Tool, it effectively improves mechanical drilling tool, shortens drilling period.But in actual production, general petroleum well depth has several hundred Rice arrives several kms or even upper myriametre, in this process, although PDC drill bit is wear-resisting durable, remains because of drill bit Abrasion and the problem of remove drilling rod repeatedly, the depth of the even upper myriametre of several kms removes drilling rod replacement drill bit back and forth, it is necessary to It takes a substantial amount of time, reduces the time of effective drilling well, the most of the time has been used in a drill pipe column and lower drill pipe The time of column, actually more bit change is very short, this will waste a large amount of human and material resources and financial resources.

Currently, most of innovation has been used in the improvement of drill bit, the service life of drill bit is improved, but nobody goes to think How the time of lower tubular column has been reduced, to substantially shorten the time of more bit change.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to drawbacks described above of the existing technology, provide one kind and move compensation drill bit dress It sets, using the new construction for carrying one or more spare drill bit, when main bit wear is scrapped or approaches failure, The drilling rod for above proposing a small distance discharges spare drill bit, forms new drill bit, in this way, significantly having reduced lower tubular column Operations number improves the effective time of drilling well to save the plenty of time.

One kind that the present invention mentions moves compensation drill bit device, and technical solution is: drive oing body boldly including drilling rod (1), body (3), main brill illing-drilling head (4), spare drill bit unfolding mechanism (6), spare drill bit shaft are expended in drilling tool carrier (2), center (7), spare drill bit support rod (8), power transmission torque item (9), circulation fluid channel (10), spare brill illing-drilling head (11), the anti-torsion of drill bit Hold cutter groove (12), spare drill bit expansion loose slot (14), the first drill bit expansion loose slot (15), the first drill bit axis of dilatation (16), Spring (18), the first drill bit shaft (19) are unfolded in first support bar (17), the first drill bit, set in the rear end that drilling rod drive ons body (1) boldly There is the external screw thread (13) for jointed rod, drilling rod drive ons body (1) boldly equipped with centre bore, and centre bore is interior to be equipped with drilling tool carrier (2), and Drilling tool carrier (2) and drilling rod drive on formation circulation fluid channel (10) between body (1) boldly；It is held in the drilling tool carrier (2) equipped with center Hole is carried, power transmission torque item (9) is equipped in the bearing holes of center, center bearing holes connect center by power transmission torque item (9) and expend body (3)；The center expends body (3) and is equipped with main drill bit device and spare drill bit device, and the main drill bit device of front end includes first Loose slot (15), the first drill bit axis of dilatation (16), first support bar (17), the first drill bit expansion spring (18), the is unfolded in drill bit One drill bit shaft (19) and main brill illing-drilling head (4), main brill illing-drilling head (4) are connected to center consuming by the first drill bit shaft (19) The hub head end of body (3), the main middle part for boring illing-drilling head (4) are connected by first support bar (17) and the first drill bit expansion spring (18) It is connected to the first drill bit axis of dilatation (16), and the first drill bit axis of dilatation (16) moves in the first drill bit expansion loose slot (15), institute The inner surface for stating main brill illing-drilling head (4) is fastened on drilling rod and drive ons anti-torsion appearance cutter groove (12) of drill bit that body (1) end is equipped with boldly, improves master Bore the torsion of illing-drilling head (4).

Preferably, above-mentioned spare drill bit device includes spare drill bit expansion loose slot (14), spare drill bit unfolding mechanism (6), spare drill bit shaft (7), spare drill bit support rod (8), spare brill illing-drilling head (11), the spare brill illing-drilling head (11) are logical It crosses spare drill bit support rod (8) and connects spare drill bit shaft (7), the spare middle part for boring illing-drilling head (11) is unfolded by spare drill bit Mechanism (6) and spare drill bit expansion loose slot (14) cooperation, spare drill bit unfolding mechanism (6) is compressed, spare brill illing-drilling head is made (11) it is installed in power transmission torque item (9) top of centre bore.

Preferably, above-mentioned spare drill bit device is equipped with multiple groups, is successively assembled in center and expends on body (3).

Preferably, circulation constant pressure valve (5) is equipped in above-mentioned circulation fluid channel (10), circulation constant pressure valve (5) includes constant pressure valve Ontology (5.1) and divide constant pressure valve (5.2), level pressure valve body (5.1) is cirque structure, is distributed on level pressure valve body (5.1) There are multiple points of constant pressure valves (5.2).

Preferably, above-mentioned main brill illing-drilling head (4) include cutter block ontology (4.1), support tube (4.2), interior oblique cutter head (4.3), Outer tiltedly cutter head (4.4), axis hole (4.5), main drill bit support rod (4.6), the cutter block ontology (4.1) use Wear-resistant, high-temperature resistant material Be made, the top of cutter block ontology (4.1) is equipped with up-thin-low-thick main drill bit support rod (4.6), main drill bit support rod (4.6) it is upper End is equipped with axis hole (4.5), and the middle part of the cutter block ontology (4.1) is equipped with support tube (4.2), is used for and the first drill bit axis of dilatation (16) cooperate with first support bar (17).

Preferably, one end of above-mentioned cutter block ontology (4.1) is equipped with interior oblique cutter head (4.3), and the other end is equipped with outer oblique cutter head (4.4), in this way, when two cutter block ontologies (4.1) form main brill illing-drilling head (4), tiltedly cutter head (4.3) forms main brill milling in two The outermost end of drill bit (4), tiltedly cutter head (4.4) is formed and the drilling rod structure that drive on body (1) boldly parallel outside two.

Preferably, above-mentioned cutter block ontology (4.1) is the structure of strip, and surface is embedded with diamond.

Preferably, above-mentioned drill bit supporting body (3) includes supporting body ontology (3.1), shaft loose slot (3.2), in cylinder Supporting body ontology (3.1) be equipped with multiple shaft loose slots (3.2) and spare drill bit loose slot (14) be unfolded.

Preferably, above-mentioned drilling tool carrier (2) includes carrier body (2.1) and spare cutter block developing tank (2.2), in cylindrical shape Carrier body (2.1) on offer multiple spare cutter block developing tanks (2.2).

A kind of application method for moving compensation drill bit device that the present invention mentions, technical solution be include following step It is rapid:

One, it moves the assembling of compensation drill bit device: 1. first assembling removable compensating part, that is, expend body (3) at center Main drill bit device and spare drill bit device are loaded onto, an entirety A is formed, waits next step assembling procedure；2. by power transmission torque item (9) it is connected by screw to, is assembled in drilling tool carrier (2) inner cavity, and weld them together；With pressure testing machine, will recycle The pressure of constant pressure valve (5) mixes up, and then, circulation constant pressure valve (5) is welded on drilling tool carrier (2) outer wall, an entirety is formed B；3. whole B loading drilling rod is drive on boldly in body (1), and firm welding forms an entirety C；Whole A is fitted into entirety C, is led to Debugging is crossed, the cutter block ontology (4.1) in main drill bit device becomes main brill illing-drilling head (4), in this way, just completing the group of device Dress；

Two, when normal drilling well, compensation drill bit device will be moved by carrying out drillng operation, normal drilling well under drilling rod lower going-into-well When, using by the pressure of drill body and drilling rod, main brill illing-drilling head (4) is made to be located in the anti-torsion of drill bit that drilling rod drive ons the end of body (1) boldly Hold in cutter groove (12), drive ons body (1) and power transmission torque item (9) boldly as the main force body for boring illing-drilling head (4) using drilling rod, bore in this way The rotation that bar drive ons body (1) boldly will form strength torque to main brill illing-drilling head (4), carry out brill milling using main brill illing-drilling head (4), benefit It is recycled with by the liquid for recycling constant pressure valve (5), drilling cuttings is washed out in the form of mud to ground；

Three, it Active Compensation bit operation: when there is drilling efficiency decline or entirely ineffective main drill bit device, that is, works Main brill illing-drilling head (4) mill be over, at this moment, above mention well drilling pipe column, fluid pressure effect under, due to circulation constant pressure valve (5) tool There is certain opening pressure, therefore, center consuming body (3) will carry spare drill bit device and move down, so that spare drill bit device In the lowermost two spare cutter block ontologies stretch out drilling rods and drive on body (1) boldly, well head operates rotary drill rod at this time, original failure Center is expended body (3) and is disconnected in the first drill bit expansion loose slot (15) lower part, and then stop rotating drilling rod, continues to move down drilling rod, Entire drilling rod pushes the anti-torsion of drill bit for making the cutter block ontology of two pieces of brill millings be located in the end that drilling rod drive ons body (1) boldly and holds cutter groove (12) in, become new brill illing-drilling head, so that continuous drilling well is realized, until multiple spare drill bit devices all exhaust, then whole Drilling rod and drill bit device are proposed into well head replacement.

Preferably, the expansion movement of above-mentioned spare drill bit device is as follows:

One, due to above having mentioned the well drilling pipe column of a distance, there is drill bit bottom and shaft bottom at a distance from one section of compensated drill bit, this Sample, then when suppressing from well head injection liquid, drive oing body (1) boldly due to drilling tool carrier (2) and drilling rod is to be fixedly connected, center consuming body (3) knife is held in the anti-torsion of drill bit that the cutter block ontology on main drill bit device that can be moved down, and fail will drive on body (1) boldly from drilling rod Slot (12) is detached from, and at this time again from well mouth rotary drilling rod, the main drill bit device to fail in this way can expend first brill of body (3) from center Head expansion loose slot (15) lower part disconnects, and stop rotating drilling rod, continues to move down drilling rod, in this way, first spare drill bit device meeting Under be shifted out；

Two, due to offering spare cutter block developing tank (2.2) on drilling tool carrier (2), spare brill illing-drilling head (11) is in spare brill Under the action of head unfolding mechanism (6), two cutter block ontologies are unfolded from spare cutter block developing tank (2.2) respectively, and spare drill bit turns Axis (7) can along spare drill bit expansion loose slot (14) be slidably matched, then, slightly on mention drilling rod, two cutter block ontologies End touch together, then lowering drill pipes make cutter block ontology be fastened on drilling rod and drive on the anti-torsion of drill bit of body (1) end boldly to hold cutter groove (12), new brill illing-drilling head is formed, the compensation switching of spare drill bit device is completed.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention designs one or more spare drill bit device and main drill bit device It is disposably installed under drilling rod lower going-into-well and carries out drillng operation, in the failure of main drill bit device, may lift up a small distance Well drilling pipe column, have drill bit bottom and shaft bottom at a distance from a bit of compensated drill bit, from well head squeeze into liquid make center expend body It can move down, spare drill bit device is removed, so that forming new brill illing-drilling head continues drillng operation, avoid primary Or it is multiple above propose the operation of drilling rod more bit change, to greatly reduce the activity duration, improve the effect of effective drilling well Rate；Operating cost is also reduced simultaneously, the economic benefit of drilling well is improved, reduces drilling cost.

Detailed description of the invention

Attached drawing 1 is structural schematic diagram of the invention；

Attached drawing 2 is the A-A structural schematic diagram of Fig. 1；

Attached drawing 3 is the partial structural diagram for recycling constant pressure valve；

Attached drawing 4 is the structural schematic diagram that drilling rod drive ons body boldly；

Attached drawing 5 is the structural schematic diagram that body is expended at center；

Attached drawing 6 is the structural schematic diagram of drilling tool carrier；

Attached drawing 7 is the main structural schematic diagram for boring illing-drilling head；

In upper figure: drilling rod drive ons body 1, drilling tool carrier 2, center consuming body 3, main brill illing-drilling head 4, circulation constant pressure valve 5, spare drill bit boldly Unfolding mechanism 6, spare drill bit shaft 7, spare drill bit support rod 8, power transmission torque item 9, circulation fluid channel 10, spare brill illing-drilling head 11, the anti-torsion of drill bit is held cutter groove 12, external screw thread 13, spare drill bit expansion loose slot 14, the first drill bit expansion loose slot 15, first and is bored Spring 18, the first drill bit shaft 19, supporting body ontology 3.1, shaft is unfolded in head axis of dilatation 16, first support bar 17, the first drill bit Loose slot 3.2, cutter block ontology 4.1, support tube 4.2, interior oblique cutter head 4.3, outer oblique cutter head 4.4, axis hole 4.5, main drill bit support rod 4.6, level pressure valve body 5.1 and divide constant pressure valve 5.2, sealed spheroid 5.2.1, divide level pressure valve body 5.2.2, pressure spring 5.2.3, Voltage regulation screw 5.2.4.

Specific embodiment

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that preferred reality described herein Apply example only for the purpose of illustrating and explaining the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention.