阅读说明：本技术 调整可变排量发动机的发动机爆震背景噪声的方法及系统 (Adjust the method and system of the combustion knock ambient noise of modulated displacement engine ) 是由 穆罕纳德·哈基姆 詹姆斯·马修·金德利 克里斯多夫·保罗·格鲁格拉 李·B·麦奎因 于 2019-05-20 设计创作，主要内容包括：本公开提供了“调整可变排量发动机的发动机爆震背景噪声的方法及系统”。提供了用于操作包括爆震控制系统的可变排量发动机的方法及系统。可以调整燃料喷射正时和气缸点火模式以维持发动机背景噪声水平,使得可以更可靠地检测发动机爆震的存在或不存在。此外,可以避免选定可变发动机排量模式,使得可以减小发动机背景噪声水平变化以改善发动机爆震检测。(Present disclose provides " method and system of the combustion knock ambient noise of adjustment modulated displacement engine ".Provide the method and system for operating the modulated displacement engine including knock control system.Adjustable fuel injection timing and cylinder ignition mode allow to more reliably detect the existence or non-existence of combustion knock to maintain engine background noise horizontal.Furthermore, it is possible to avoid selected variable engine displacement mode, allow to reduce the variation of engine background noise level to improve combustion knock detection.)

1. a kind of method for operating engine comprising:

Operate modulated displacement engine；

Based on maintaining that injection is started (SOI) time from the to the fuel injector control actions of one or more cylinders One SOI time became for the 2nd SOI time, when the modulated displacement engine is grasped in the case where being activated less than its all cylinder The fuel injector control action is executed when making during the cylinder knocking detection window of cylinder.

2. the method as described in claim 1, wherein the second SOI time is from the first SOI time advance.

3. the method as described in claim 1, wherein the SOI time is used for direct fuel injector.

4. the method as described in claim 1 is in response to change in VDE mode wherein changing the SOI time.

5. method as claimed in claim 4, wherein VDE mode variation includes becoming second from the first cylinder spark density Cylinder spark density.

6. method as claimed in claim 5, wherein the first cylinder spark density is greater than the second cylinder spark density.

7. the method as described in claim 1, wherein the second SOI time is later than for opening from the 2nd SOI time The fuel injection of beginning receives the exhaust valve closing timing of the cylinder of fuel.

8. a kind of system for operating engine comprising:

Modulated displacement engine；And

Controller comprising be stored in non-transitory memory with the executable instruction for performing the following operation: operation institute Modulated displacement engine is stated, and ought be become from modulated displacement engine described in the first cylinder spark density operation with the second gas When modulated displacement engine described in cylinder igniting density operation changes the total degree of the fuel injection occurred in cylinder knocking window Change split ratio fuel injection.

9. system as claimed in claim 8, wherein changing the split ratio fuel injection includes increasing during cylinder cycle The total degree of fuel injection.

10. system as claimed in claim 8, wherein changing the split ratio fuel injection includes reducing during cylinder cycle The total degree of fuel injection.

11. system as claimed in claim 8 further includes for becoming described second from the first cylinder spark density Change the extra-instruction that injection starts timing when cylinder spark density.

12. system as claimed in claim 8 further includes for becoming described second from the first cylinder spark density Change the extra-instruction of cylinder spark mode when cylinder spark density.

Technical field

This application involves the method and system for the pinking of modulated displacement engine (VDE) to be detected and responded.

Background technique

Internal combustion engine after the igniting that spark has caused in one or more cylinders and may work as gas High temperature and high pressure in cylinder lights exhaust gas (end gas) Shi Jingli pinking.The flame that exhaust gas will not be generated by the spark in cylinder It lights at center.When the pressure in cylinder is higher, combustion knock is occurred most often under higher engine loading.

Engine can also operate (also referred to as modulated displacement engine with the activity of variable number or deactivated cylinder (or VDE)), allow to improve engine fuel economy to obtain required engine torque output, while optionally will Overall exhaust mixture air-fuel ratio is maintained about stoichiometry.In some instances, half can be disabled during selected condition Cylinder, wherein the selected condition can be limited by parameters such as engine speed/load window, speeds.Again In other examples, cylinder individually and can be deactivated selectively.

If engine operation in the case where being activated less than its all cylinder is defeated to provide required engine torque Out, then the pressure in active engine cylinder will be higher than when all cylinders have been activated to provide identical required hair Pressure when motivation torque in cylinder.Therefore, it is always operated in all movable situation of its all cylinder with engine It compares, engine may tend to undergo pinking under lower operator demand's torque.

The combustion knock on VDE can be controlled by the spark in activation cylinder and/or delay moving cylinder.So And usually by will background engine noise (for example, vibration) it is horizontal between crankshaft when the tendency of combustion knock is higher Identification combustion knock is compared to every the engine noise level of period.When cylinder deactivates, background engine is made an uproar Sound level can reduce, and background engine noise level can increase when deactivated cylinder reactivates.Background The horizontal variation of noise may cause the engine knock control instruction combustion knock when combustion knock is not present, and And it is also possible to cause the engine knock control in the presence of combustion knock not indicate combustion knock.Therefore, it is desirable to A kind of method of reliability improving engine knock control when changing between VDE mode when engine is provided.

Summary of the invention

Inventor had realized that herein combustion knock detection VDE mode variation during may be damaged and A kind of method for operating engine is developed, which comprises operation modulated displacement engine；Based on maintenance pair Injection is started (SOI) time by the fuel injector control action of one or more cylinders to be become from the first SOI time The 2nd SOI time, when the modulated displacement engine is operated in the case where being activated less than its all cylinder in engine The fuel injector control action is executed during the cylinder knocking detection window of cylinder.

By changing SOI timing when selecting new VDE mode, reduction can be provided due to combustion knock ambient noise The technical result of the error indication of combustion knock caused by level.In addition, being used from by selection by cylinder spark mode Become maintaining the combustion knock ambient noise of the currently active cylinder mode in being activated without the cylinder spark mode being activated Horizontal cylinder spark mode is immediately detected the technology knot that combustion knock indicates after can be provided in engine mode variation Fruit.

In this way, a possibility that engine degradation can be reduced.In addition, referring to when due to the mistake of combustion knock When showing without postponing spark, engine fuel economy can be improved.Furthermore it is possible to gentle by adjusting fuel injection timing Cylinder ignition order allows to that false engine pinking instruction is avoided to reduce false engine pinking instruction possibility to provide Other modes.

It should be appreciated that foregoing invention content is provided for being introduced into simple form and further retouches in detailed description The selection for the concept stated.This is not meant to the key or essential characteristic that indicate theme claimed, the model of the theme Enclose uniquely is limited by the claim after being described in detail.In addition, theme claimed is not limited to solve to mention above And or any disadvantage in any part of the disclosure embodiment.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 shows the schematic diagram of the engine system of vehicle.

Fig. 2 shows the high level flow chart of the mode for operating modulated displacement engine, the mode include control and Determine the combustion knock background noise level of cylinder.

Fig. 3 shows the process for the method for determining the combustion knock background noise level of modulated displacement engine Figure.

Fig. 4 shows the frame for the viewer for estimating the combustion knock background noise level of modulated displacement engine Figure.

Fig. 5, which is shown, to be shown on how the movement of the fuel injection control of a cylinder can influence different engines The timing diagram of the background combustion knock noise level of cylinder.

Fig. 6 is shown for whether being diagnosed cylinder based on combustion knock background noise level in VDE mode In deactivate method.

Fig. 7 to Figure 11 is shown for adjusting VDE mode, injector timing and injector mode with there are VDE modes The flow chart of more consistent combustion knock background noise level is provided when variation.

Figure 12 to Figure 16 is shown in which can be more consistent to provide in the method for application drawing 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 7 into Figure 11 The exemplary sequence of combustion knock background noise level.

Specific embodiment

It is described below and is related to for operating modulated displacement engine (VDE) and control and detecting starting for VDE engine The system and method for machine pinking.Engine can be type shown in Fig. 1.It can be operated according to fig. 2 to the method for Figure 11 Engine.The adjustable VDE mode of the method and fuel injector timing are to allow continuously to evaluate some cylinders Engine background noise it is horizontal.In addition, even if the method can also carry on the back combustion knock during VDE mode variation Scape noise level maintain its current value or near.Figure 12 to Figure 16 is shown in which adjustment VDE mode and fuel injection timing To provide the exemplary sequence of the more consistent engine background noise level of some cylinders.

Turning now to attached drawing, Fig. 1 depicts the example of the cylinder 14 of internal combustion engine 10, and the internal combustion engine can wrap It includes in vehicle 5.Engine 10 can be modulated displacement engine as described further below (VDE).Engine 10 can be with At least partially through the control system for including controller 12 and by coming from mankind vehicle driver 130 via input unit 132 input controls.In this example, input unit 132 includes accelerator pedal and pedal position sensor 134, described to step on Board position sensor is for generating ratio pedal position signal.The cylinder (herein also referred to as " combustion chamber ") 14 of engine 10 can To include chamber wall 136, wherein piston 138 is located in the chamber wall.Piston 138 can be connected to crankshaft 140, so that The reciprocating motion of piston is converted into the rotary motion of crankshaft.Crankshaft 140 can be via speed changer 54 as described further below It is connected at least one wheel 55 of vehicle 5.In addition, starter motor (not shown) can be connected to crankshaft 140 via flywheel To realize the start-up function of engine 10.

In some instances, vehicle 5 can be hybrid vehicle, the hybrid vehicle have can be used for one or Multiple source of torque of multiple wheels 55.In other examples, vehicle 5 be only the conventional vehicles with engine or only have one Or the electric vehicle of multiple motors.In the example shown, vehicle 5 includes engine 10 and motor 52.Motor 52 can be horse It reaches or motor/generator.When the engagement of one or more clutches 56, the crankshaft 140 and motor 52 of engine 10 are via speed change Device 54 is connected to wheel 55.In discribed example, first clutch 56 is arranged between crankshaft 140 and motor 52, and the Two clutches 57 are arranged between motor 52 and speed changer 54.Controller 12 can be sent to the actuator of each clutch 56 to be believed Number to engage or separate clutch, so that crankshaft 140 and motor 52 and component connected to it are connected or disconnected, and/or will Motor 52 is connected or disconnected with speed changer 54 and component connected to it.Speed changer 54 can be gearbox, planetary gear system Or another type of speed changer.

Power drive system can configure by various modes, including be configured as parallel connection, series connection or series parallel type mixing and move Power vehicle.In electric vehicle example, system battery 58 can be power battery, and the power battery delivers power to motor 52 to provide torque to wheel 55.In some instances, motor 52 is also used as generator operation for example in brake operating Period provides electric power to charge to system battery 58.It should be understood that in other examples for including on-electric vehicle example, system Battery 58, which can be, to be connected to the Typical start of alternating current generator 46, lights, (SLI) battery of lighting a fire.

Alternating current generator 46 can be configured as during engine operation via crankshaft 140 using engine torque to being Battery 58 of uniting charges.In addition, alternating current generator 46 can be with based on engine one or more electrical systems (such as one or more A auxiliary system (including Heating,Ventilating and Air Conditioning (HVAC) system, car light, vehicle entertainment system) and other auxiliary systems) respective electric Demand powers to it.In one example, the electric current drawn on alternating current generator can be based on driver's cabin cooling requirement, electricity Pond charging needs, other assist each of Vehicular system demands and motor torsional moment and constantly changes.Pressure regulator can couple To alternating current generator 46 so as to defeated to adjust the power of alternating current generator using needs (including auxiliary system demand) based on system Out.

The cylinder 14 of engine 10 can be received via a series of inlet channels 142 and 144 and inlet manifold 146 into Gas.Other than cylinder 14, inlet manifold 146 can also be connected to other cylinders of engine 10.One of inlet channel Or more persons may include one or more supercharging devices, such as turbocharger or mechanical supercharger.Match for example, Fig. 1 is shown It is equipped with the engine 10 of turbocharger, the turbocharger includes the compressor being arranged between inlet channel 142 and 144 174 and along exhaust passage 135 arrange exhaust driven gas turbine 176.When supercharging device is configured as turbocharger, compressor 174 can provide power via axis 180 at least partially through exhaust driven gas turbine 176.However, in other examples, such as working as hair When motivation 10 is provided with mechanical supercharger, compressor 174 can provide power by the mechanical input from motor or engine, And it can optionally omit exhaust driven gas turbine 176.In other examples again, motor machine booster has been can be set in engine 10 (for example, " eBooster "), and compressor 174 can be by electrical motor driven.In other examples again, such as work as engine 10 when being naturally aspirated engine, and engine 10 can be not provided with supercharging device.

Air throttle 162 including choke block 164 can be set in engine intake passage with for changing being provided to The flow velocity and/or pressure of the air inlet of cylinder.For example, air throttle 162 can be located at the downstream of compressor 174, as shown in figure 1 It is shown, or the upstream of compressor 174 can be alternatively set.It the position of air throttle 162 can be via from air throttle position The signal for setting sensor is sent to controller 12.

Other than cylinder 14, exhaust manifold 148 can also be received from other cylinders of engine 10 and is vented.Exhaust sensing Device 126 is shown coupled to the exhaust manifold 148 of the upstream of emission control system 178.Exhaust sensor 126 can be from being used for It provides and is selected in the various suitable sensors of the instruction of exhaust air-fuel ratio (AFR), these suitable sensor such as lines Property lambda sensor or UEGO (general or wide area exhaust gas oxygen sensor), bifurcation lambda sensor or EGO, HEGO (hot type EGO), nitrogen Oxide (NOx), hydrocarbon (HC) or carbon monoxide (CO) sensor.In the example of fig. 1, exhaust sensor 126 is UEGO sensor.Emission control system 178 can be three-way catalyst, NOx trap, various other emission control systems or Their combination.In the example of fig. 1, emission control system 178 is three-way catalyst.

Each cylinder of engine 10 may include one or more inlet valves and one or more exhaust valves.For example, gas Cylinder 14 is shown as including that at least one inlet poppet valves 150 being located at the upper area of cylinder 14 are mentioned at least one exhaust Lift valve 156.In some instances, each cylinder of the engine 10 including cylinder 14 can include positioned at the upper zone of cylinder At least two inlet poppet valves and at least two exhaust poppet valves at domain.In this example, inlet valve 150 can be by controller 12 via the cam-actuated of the cam-actuated system 152 that includes one or more cams 151 by controlling.Similarly, it is vented Door 156 can be controlled by controller 12 via including the cam-actuated system 154 of one or more cams 153.Inlet valve 150 Position with exhaust valve 156 can be respectively by 155 He of valve position sensor (not shown) and/or CMPS Camshaft Position Sensor 157 determine.

During some conditions, controller 12 can change the signal for being provided to cam-actuated system 152 and 154 to control Make the opening and closing of corresponding intake and exhaust valves.Intake and exhaust valves timing can be controlled simultaneously, or can be made A possibility that with variable air inlet cam timing, variable exhaust cam timing, double independent variable cam timings or fixed cam timing Any one of.Each cam-actuated system may include one or more cams, and can use can be by controller 12 It operates to change modulated displacement engine (VDE), the cam profile transformation system (CPS), variable cam timing of air door operation (VCT), one or more of variable valve timing (VVT) and/or lift range variable (VVL) system.In alternative exemplary, Inlet valve 150 and/or exhaust valve 156 can be controlled by electric air valve actuating.For example, cylinder 14 can alternatively include warp Inlet valve by electric air valve actuation control and the exhaust valve via cam-actuated (including CPS and/or VCT system) control.In In other examples, intake and exhaust valves can be executed by common valve actuators (or actuating system) or variable valve timing Device (or actuating system) control.

As further described herein, inlet valve 150 and exhaust valve 156 can be during VDE modes via electric power actuating Rocker arm body deactivates.In another example, inlet valve 150 and exhaust valve 156 can be deactivated via CPS mechanism, described In CPS mechanism, the cam lobe of lift is not for deactivated valve.Other valve deactivation mechanisms again can also be used, such as The mechanism of valve for electric power actuating.In one example, inlet valve 150 deactivate can by the first VDE actuator (for example, It is connected to the rocker arm body of the first electric power actuating of inlet valve 150) control, and deactivating for exhaust valve 156 can be held by the 2nd VDE Row device (for example, the rocker arm body for being connected to the second electric power actuating of exhaust valve 156) control.In alternative exemplary, single VDE is held Row device can control deactivating for both intake and exhaust valves of cylinder.In other examples again, single cylinder gate actuator It deactivates multiple cylinders (both intake and exhaust valves), all cylinders or different actuators in such as cluster engine can To control deactivating for all inlet valves, and all exhaust valves for the cylinder that another different actuator control deactivates is deactivated. It should be understood that cylinder can not have any valve and deactivate execution if cylinder is the cylinder that can not be deactivated of VDE engine Device.Each cylinder may include valve control machanism as described herein.Intake and exhaust valves are being deactivated Shi Yi A or multiple cycle of engine be maintained in its closed position in prevent from flowing into or out cylinder 14.

Cylinder 14 can have compression ratio, and the compression ratio is when piston 138 is in lower dead center (BDC) and is in top dead centre (TDC) volumetric ratio when.In one example, compression ratio is in the range of 9:1 to 10:1.However, using different fuel In some examples, compression ratio can be increased.For example, when the fuel using higher octane or the combustion with higher potential enthalpy of vaporization When material, it may occur however that such case.If using directly injection due to directly spraying the influence to combustion knock, compress Than that can also increase.

Each cylinder of engine 10 may include the spark plug 192 for causing burning.Under selected operation mode, point Fiery system 190 can provide point via spark plug 192 to combustion chamber 14 in response to the spark advance signal from controller 12 Spark.Spark timing can be adjusted based on engine operating condition and operator torque demands.For example, can best torque most Small ignition advance angle (MBT) timing provides spark to maximize engine power and efficiency.Controller 12 can be by engine Operating condition (including engine speed, engine loading and exhaust AFR) is input in look-up table, and exports the engine for input The corresponding MBT timing of operating condition.In other examples, spark can postpone from MBT, such as accelerate catalysis during engine start Agent preheating or the generation for reducing combustion knock.

In some instances, each cylinder of engine 10 can be configured with one or more fuel injectors with In providing it fuel.As non-limiting example, cylinder 14 is shown as including direct fuel injector 166 and air intake duct combustion Material ejector 66.Fuel injector 166 and 66 can be configured as conveying from the received fuel of fuel system 8.Fuel system 8 can To include one or more fuel tanks, petrolift and fuel rail.Fuel injector 166 be shown as being directly coupled to cylinder 14 with For proportionally directly spraying fuel wherein with the pulse width from 12 received signal of controller.Port fuel injection Device 66 can be controlled by controller 12 by similar fashion.In this way, it is straight to provide so-called fuel for fuel injector 166 Injection (hereinafter also referred to " DI ") is connect into cylinder 14.Although Fig. 1 shows the fuel injector 166 positioned at 14 side of cylinder, But fuel injector 166 can be alternatively positioned at the top of piston, such as position close to spark plug 192.Due to some alcohol The relatively low volatility of base fuel, so such position can increase mixing and burning when using alcohol-based fuel operation engine. Alternatively, injector can be located at top and increase mixing close to inlet valve.Fuel can via petrolift and fuel rail from The fuel tank of fuel system 8 is transported to fuel injector 166 and 66.In addition, fuel tank, which can have to controller 12, provides letter Number pressure sensor.

Fuel injector 166 and 66, which can be configured as, receives different fuel from fuel system 8 with different relative quantities As fuel mixture, and it is additionally configured to for the fuel mixture being directly injected in cylinder.For example, fuel injector 166 can receive Aalcohols fuel, and fuel injector 66 can receive gasoline.Furthermore, it is possible to cylinder single loop not With delivering fuel into cylinder 14 during stroke.For example, the fuel directly sprayed can during previous exhaust stroke, in air inlet It at least partly conveys during stroke and/or during compression stroke.The fuel of intake port injection can be in the gas for receiving fuel It is sprayed after the IC Intake Valve Closes of the previous circulation of cylinder, until the IC Intake Valve Closes of current cylinder circulation.Therefore, for individually firing Burning event (for example, via spark ignition in the cylinder burning fuel), can follow via either one or two injector each One or many fuel injections are executed in ring.It can be in compression stroke, induction stroke or their any appropriately combined period Multiple DI injection is executed, this, which is referred to as, shunts fuel injection.

Fuel tank in fuel system 8 can accommodate the fuel of different fuel type, such as with different fuel quality and The fuel of different fuel ingredient.Difference may include different alcohol contents, different water content, different octane numbers, different Heat of vaporization, different fuel blends and/or their combination etc..One example of the fuel with different heats of vaporization includes Gasoline is as first fuel type and ethyl alcohol with lower heat of vaporization as second of fuel-based with larger heat of vaporization Type.In another example, engine can be used gasoline as the first fuel type and use alcohol fuel blend (such as E85 (about 85% ethyl alcohol and 15% gasoline) or M85 (about 85% methanol and 15% gasoline)) it is used as second of fuel type. Other feasible substances include the mixture etc. of the mixture of water, methanol, alcohol and water, the mixture of water and methanol, alcohol.Another In example, both fuel can be the alcohol blend with different alcohol components, and wherein the first fuel type can be tool Have a gasohol blend of lower determining alcohol, such as E10 (about 10% ethyl alcohol), and second of fuel type can be have compared with The gasoline alcohol mixture of high determining alcohol, such as E85 (about 85% ethyl alcohol).In addition, the first and second fuel are in other fuel matter Amount aspect may also be different, the difference of temperature, viscosity, octane number etc..In addition, the fuel characteristic of one or two fuel tank May often it change, such as due to every diurnal variation of fuel tank refilling.

Controller 12 is shown as microcomputer in Fig. 1, the microcomputer include microprocessor unit 106, input/ Output port 108 (specific shows at this for the electronic storage medium of executable program (for example, executable instruction) and calibration value Be shown as non-transitory ROM chip 110 in example), random access memory 112, keep-alive memory 114 and data/address bus. Controller 12 can receive various signals from the sensor for being connected to engine 10, including previously discussed signal and also comprise The measured value of air mass air mass flow (MAF) from mass air flow sensor 122；From being connected to cooling cover The engine coolant temperature (ECT) of 118 temperature sensor 116；From the temperature sensor for being connected to exhaust passage 135 158 delivery temperature；Crankshaft from the hall effect sensor 120 (or other kinds of sensor) for being connected to crankshaft 140 Position signal；Throttle position from throttle position sensor 163；Signal UEGO from exhaust sensor 126, can To be used by controller 12 come the air-fuel ratio that determines exhaust；Via the engine luggine (for example, pinking) of detonation sensor 90；With And the absolute Manifold Pressure Signal (MAP) from MAP sensor 124.Controller 12 can generate engine according to crank position Rotating rate signal R PM.Manifold pressure signal MAP from MAP sensor 124 may be used to provide in inlet manifold vacuum or The instruction of pressure.Controller 12 can infer engine temperature based on engine coolant temperature, and be based on from temperature sensing 158 received signal of device infers the temperature of emission control system 178.

Controller 12 receives signal from the various sensors of Fig. 1, and uses the various actuators of Fig. 1 with received based on institute Signal and the instruction being stored on the memory of controller adjust power operation.For example, controller can be by activating gas Door actuator 152 and 154 is to be operated with VDE mode to deactivate selected cylinder for engine transitions, as about the further institute of Fig. 5 It states.

As described above, Fig. 1 shows the only one cylinder of multicylinder engine.Therefore, each cylinder can be similarly included One group of inlet valve/exhaust valve of their own, one or more fuel injectors, spark plug etc..It should be understood that engine 10 can be with Including any appropriate number of cylinder, including 2,3,4,5,6,8,10,12 or more cylinders.In addition, in these cylinders Each may include by Fig. 1 with reference to some or all of components in the various parts that cylinder 14 describes and describes.

During selected condition, such as when not requesting the full torque capability of engine 10, controller 12 can choose the One or second one of air cylinder group deactivated and (be also referred to as VDE operation mode herein).During VDE mode, Ke Yitong It crosses and closes corresponding fuel injector 166 and 66 to deactivate the cylinder of selected air cylinder group.In addition, valve 150 and 156 can be by It deactivates and is remained turned-off in one or more cycle of engine.When the fuel injector of the cylinder of disabling is closed, remaining is opened Cylinder continues to execute burning, wherein corresponding fuel injector and intake and exhaust valves are movable and are grasping Make.In order to meet torque needs, controller is adjusted into the air capacity of active engine cylinder.Therefore, it is sent out to provide eight cylinders The equivalent engine torque that motivation generates under 0.2 engine loading and specified engine speed, active engine cylinder can be with It is grasped under the higher pressure of the pressure of cylinder when being operated in all movable situation of all cylinders than engine Make.This needs higher manifold pressure, so as to cause reducing pumping loss and improving engine efficiency.In addition, being exposed to burning Lower effective surface area (being only from moving cylinder) reduce engine heat loss, to improve the thermal efficiency of engine.

Therefore, the system of Fig. 1 provides a kind of system for operating engine, the system comprises: variable displacement hair Motivation；And controller comprising be stored in non-transitory memory with the executable instruction for performing the following operation: behaviour Make the modulated displacement engine, and becomes when from modulated displacement engine described in the first cylinder spark density operation with the Modulated displacement engine described in two cylinder spark density operations changes total time of the fuel injection occurred in cylinder knocking window Change split ratio fuel injection when number.The system comprises wherein change the split ratio fuel injection to be included in the cylinder cycle phase Between increase fuel injection total degree.The system comprises wherein change the split ratio fuel injection to be included in the cylinder cycle phase Between reduce fuel injection total degree.The system also includes for becoming described second from the first cylinder spark density Change the extra-instruction that injection starts timing when cylinder spark density.The system also includes for from the first cylinder point Fiery density becomes the extra-instruction for changing cylinder spark mode when the second cylinder spark density.

Referring now to Fig. 2 to Figure 11, the method for operating VDE engine is shown.The method of Fig. 2 to Figure 11 can wrap It includes in the system of fig. 1 and can be with the cooperative system.At least portions of of method 200 is stored as nonvolatile Executable instruction in property memory is incorporated into the system of Fig. 1.In addition, the other parts of method 200 can be via control Device executes, the mode of operation of device and actuator in the controller transformation physical world.Controller can use engine The engine actuators of system adjust power operation.In addition, method 200 can be inputted from sensor determines selected control Parameter.

At 202, method 200 determines vehicle and engine operating condition via the sensor described in Fig. 1.Method 200 It can determine operating condition, including but not limited to engine speed, engine loading, engine temperature, environment temperature, fuel injection just When, detonation sensor output, fuel type, fuel octane number, engine location and engine air capacity.Method 200 is advanced To 204.

At 204, method 200 judges whether to meet for mapping fuel injector operation to combustion knock ambient noise Influence condition.In one example, when engine speed is within the specified range (for example, engine speed is greater than the first threshold Be worth speed and be less than second threshold speed) when, when engine loading within the specified range (for example, engine loading be greater than first Threshold load and be less than second threshold load) and engine temperature be higher than threshold temperature when, meet condition.In other examples In, when meeting other vehicle working conditions, method 200 may determine that satisfaction for mapping fuel injector operation to combustion knock The influence of ambient noise.If the judgement of method 200 meets for mapping fuel injector operation to combustion knock ambient noise Influence condition, then answer is to be and method 200 proceeds to 250.Otherwise, answer is that no and method 200 proceeds to 206。

At 250, method 200 starts to map influence of the fuel injector operation to combustion knock background noise level. Method 200 maps combustion knock ambient noise according to the method for Fig. 3.Alternatively, the sight of type shown in Fig. 4 can be used Device is examined to determine combustion knock ambient noise.After mapping combustion knock background noise level, method 200 is advanced to move back Out.

At 206, method 200 judges whether to meet the condition for entering VDE mode.Engine can be in the spy wherein operated Determining VDE mode can be specific to engine.For example, in-line four cylinder four-stroke engine (I4) may include I4S (four gas Cylinder is burnt with fixed mode), (two cylinders in four cylinders are burnt (example in each cycle of engine with fixed mode I2S Such as, cylinder 1 and 3 burns in the first cycle of engine；Cylinder 1 and 3 burns in the second cycle of engine)) and I2R (for example, Two cylinders in four cylinders are burnt with rolling mode (for example, cylinder 1 and 3 starts first in each cycle of engine It burns in machine circulation；Cylinder 2 and 4 burns in the second cycle of engine；Cylinder 1 and 3 burns in third cycle of engine). On the other hand, V eight cylinder engine can be in eight cylinder modes (V8S), tetra- fixed mode of V (V4S), tetra- rolling mode of V (V4R), V bis- Burning in fixed mode (V2S) and bis- rolling mode of V (V2R), six fixed mode of V (V6S), six rolling mode of V (V6R).

Fixed VDE mode be wherein identical moving cylinder (for example, cylinder of burning fuel) for each hair Motivation recycles all movable mode.Rolling VDE mode is wherein different moving cylinders for two or more cycle of engine Movable mode.Furthermore, it is possible to describe VDE operation mode in the form of cylinder density.For example, eight cylinder engine can be by 3 Than (by) 4 cylinder density operation, wherein three cylinder compression midstrokes of the engine in every four cylinder compression strokes are fiery (for example, burning fuel).Similarly, when engine is with 2 to 4 cylinder density operation, engine is rushed in every four cylinder compressions Two cylinder compression midstroke fire in journey.It can be the mould that can be activated in the case where cylinder combustion fuel with VDE mode Formula, and can be available or unavailable in response to vehicle working condition with VDE mode.For example, if engine temperature is lower than 10 DEG C, V8 mode can only be used.However, V4S, V6S, V4R and V6R can be used if engine temperature is higher than 30 DEG C.

It can activate one or more VDE modes that its available VDE entry condition is made to can include but is not limited to engine Temperature is higher than threshold temperature, operator demand's torque is greater than threshold torque, engine speed is greater than threshold velocity and speed is big In threshold velocity.If the judgement of method 200, which exists, allows to activate VDE mode or enter the condition of VDE, answer is to be and just Method 200 proceeds to 208.Otherwise, answer is that no and method 200 proceeds to 260.

At 208, method 200 selected based on vehicle working condition include cylinder spark density and cylinder ignition mode VDE Mode.However, if operating condition does not indicate that selection includes the serviceability of the new VDE mode of cylinder spark density and ignition mode, VDE mode is either selected at 208 or at 212 during previous cycle of engine, all maintains the VDE mould previously selected Formula.Method 200 can selection includes gas from multiple unique VDE modes for specific engines configuration (for example, I4, V6, V8) The VDE mode of cylinder density and ignition mode.In one example, the selection from multiple unique VDE modes of method 200 can be used for ringing The VDE mode that should enter in vehicle working condition, the vehicle working condition include but is not limited to operator demand's torque, engine turn Speed, speed, movable transmission gear, catalyst temperature, each temperature of cylinder, engine noise and vibration limitation and hair Motivation temperature.It is turned round for example, method 200 can choose including the operator demand that can satisfy under specified engine speed and load The VDE mode of square and engine noise and the minimal number of moving cylinder of vibration limitation.It can come via state machine or logic Execute selection.After selecting unique VDE mode, method 200 proceeds to 210.

In some instances, substantially fuel jet mode can be with the VDE mode selected at 208.For example, can be through Cylinder is injected fuel by single DI injection, PFI and DI injection, multiple DI injection, PFI and multiple DI injection.Show at one In example, basic or default fuel injection mode can be retrieved from memory when selecting VDE mode, and substantially fuel is sprayed Mode can be engine speed and engine loading and the function of other control parameters.

At 210, method 200 judges whether the VDE mode selected at 208 changes compared with the currently active VDE mode Become combustion knock background noise level.For example, if selected VDE mode (is being worked as during the combustion knock window of cylinder Fuel injector is closed without order during the VDE mode of preceding activation) close fuel injector, then method 200 may determine that The fuel injector that cylinder is closed in order during selected VDE mode changes combustion knock background noise level.Similarly, if Selected VDE mode (opens fuel without order during the currently active VDE mode during the combustion knock window of cylinder Injector) open fuel injector, then the fuel that method 200 may determine that cylinder is opened in order during selected VDE mode sprays Emitter changes combustion knock background noise level.If method 200 judge from 208 selected VDE mode with it is the currently active VDE mode engine background noise level compared to combustion knock background noise level is changed, then answer is to be and just Method 200 proceeds to 212.Otherwise, answer is that no and method 200 proceeds to 270.The assessment of method 200 is every during cylinder cycle The combustion knock background noise level of a cylinder knocking window.

During each cycle of engine of each cylinder of positive burning fuel, predetermined crank interim engine is assessed The existence or non-existence of pinking.Therefore, eight cylinder engine includes eight knock windows of each cycle of engine (for example, two turns) Mouthful, and four cylinder engine includes four knock windows of each cycle of engine.In one example, cylinder starts Machine knock window can be crossed over from 60 songs after five crankshaft degree to top dead centre compression stroke after top dead centre compression stroke The crankshaft interval of axis degree.Of course, it is possible to which the crankshaft degree range of the combustion knock window of cylinder is adjusted to other crankshaft angles.

At 270, method 200 maintains the VDE mode selected at 208 (for example, cylinder spark density, cylinder spark mould Formula, and fixed or rolling strategy) or the VDE mode that is selected at 212.In addition, the activation of method 200 is at 208 from memory Middle retrieval or being selected at 212 basic or default fuel injection mode.Method 200 also into be stored in controller storage Movable cylinder in list in device (RAM), allows to track the VDE mode activated recently.Method 200 proceeds to 214.

At 212, cylinder density, ignition mode and/or combustion of the adjustment of method 200 from the VDE mode selected at 208 Jet mode is expected to reduce the change of the combustion knock background noise level of each combustion knock window during cylinder cycle A possibility that change.Cylinder density, ignition mode and/or fuel injection are adjusted according to the method for Fig. 7.Method 200 is also into depositing It is stored in movable cylinder in the list in controller storage (RAM), allows to track the VDE mode activated recently.It is adjusting After whole cylinder density, ignition mode and/or fuel injection mode, method 200 proceeds to 214.

In addition, fuel injector control action occurs during the knock window of present engine circulation, then selected During not having to arrange the condition to the control action of fuel injector during VDE mode, specific cylinder knocking window Combustion knock background noise level is possibly stored to controller storage, so that when restoring the control action to fuel injector When can retrieve the combustion knock background noise level and be used as the pinking background noise level of specific cylinder.Example Such as, if all cylinders present engine circulation in be all movable and in the knock window of No. three cylinders really Fixed background knock noise level is 0.5 volt, then is not turned off during the cycle of engine when activating selected VDE mode The fuel injector that present engine is closed during the knock window of No. three cylinders during recycling is (for example, the combustion of No. six cylinders Material ejector) because the fuel injector of No. six cylinders is deactivated, No. three gas when the fuel injector of No. six cylinders is activated The pinking background noise level of cylinder can store in controller storage.If reactivated when reactivating all cylinders The combustion knock background noise level of No. three cylinders then can be adjusted to 0.5 volt by the fuel injector of No. six cylinders.It is logical This mode is crossed, when engine mode switches back to the mode for determining its combustion knock background noise level, combustion knock Background noise level can be reset as previously determined value.Therefore, it is possible to reduce quick-fried to the engine of combustion knock window The adjustment of background noise level is shaken, to reduce a possibility that wrong pinking indicates.

At 214, the direct and port fuel injector for the cylinder that method 200 has deactivated is to provide and activate The VDE mode selected at 208 or 212.In addition, method 200, which deactivates in the VDE mode wherein selected at 208, does not execute burning Cylinder engine intake valve and exhaust valve.It, can be to avoid possible transmission by deactivating direct and port fuel injector The noise detected in the knock window of cylinder to engine and by closing fuel injector, does not include coming to establish The noise of deactivated fuel injector and the engine background noise of vibration are horizontal.Method 200 also activates in selected VDE mode Movable cylinder.Method 200 is also into the movable cylinder in the list being stored in controller storage (RAM), so that can To track the VDE mode activated recently.Method 200 proceeds to 216.

At 216, method 200 determines whether to enter selected VDE mode based on combustion knock background noise level.Side Method 200 determines whether to enter selected VDE mode according to the method for Fig. 6.Method 200 proceeds to 218.

At 218, whether method 200 is evaluated based on combustion knock background noise level should indicate specific cylinder Pinking.In one example, method 200 is integrated by the output of detonation sensor during the knock window to specific cylinder With rectification and by the detonation sensor output after integral and after rectification (for example, the pinking of low-pass filtered integral and rectification senses Device output) knock intensity value of specific cylinder is calculated divided by the combustion knock background noise level of specific cylinder.Note that with During determining that a part in knock window can occur for integral that the detonation sensor of pinking exports, the part with quick-fried For determining that the integral of the output of the detonation sensor of the combustion knock background noise level after integrating is different during shaking window. If knock intensity value is more than threshold value (for example, 1 volt), the pinking of specific cylinder is indicated, and by the spark of specific cylinder Timing retard predetermined amount.Postpone the spark of specific cylinder, then (optimal engine torque minimum ignition mentions spark timing towards MBT Anterior angle) spark timing back shifts to an earlier date.For example, indicating No.1 gas if the knock intensity value of No.1 cylinder is more than threshold level The pinking of cylinder, and the spark timing of No.1 cylinder is delayed by five crankshaft degree.Pinking is based in the spark timing of No.1 cylinder It is delayed by within ten seconds, the spark timing of No.1 cylinder can shift to an earlier date five crankshaft degree.If not indicating pinking, the fire of cylinder Flower timing is maintained at its requested or benchmark timing (for example, MBT timing).Each cylinder can be determined in this way Pinking.After the engine spark timing of adjustment combustion knock, method 200 is advanced to exit.

At 260, method 200 judges whether engine is currently in VDE mode and whether meets VDE exit criteria. Method 200 can be judged based on the combustion knock background noise level as described in the method for Fig. 6 engine currently whether It is operated under VDE mode.In addition, if operator demand's torque becomes the value except VDE mode range, then method 200 can be with Judgement meets VDE exit criteria.In addition, if engine is in idling and/or if speed is less than threshold velocity, method 200 may determine that there are VDE exit criterias.If the judgement of method 200 meets VDE exit criteria, answer is to be and method 200 proceed to 262.Otherwise, answer is that no and method 200 proceeds to 265.

At 262, the judgement of method 200 exits VDE mode and whether changes combustion knock back into all cylinder modes Scape noise level.In one example, fuel injector is closed if do not ordered during nearest previous cycle of engine Fuel injector (for example, fuel injector control action) is closed in order in knock window, then method 200 may determine that engine Pinking background noise level changes.Similarly, if not ordering unlatching fuel during nearest previous cycle of engine Fuel injector is opened in order in the knock window of injector, then method 200 may determine that combustion knock background noise level It changes.Change fuel injector control action (example in combustion knock window (for example, knock window of No. two cylinders) Such as, fuel injector is closed in order in not ordering the combustion knock window for closing fuel injector previously) it can indicate to send out The variation of engine knock background noise level.If the judgement of method 200 will lead to change into all moving cylinder modes and start Machine pinking background noise level, then answer is to be and method 200 proceeds to 264.Otherwise, answer is before no and method 200 Enter 265.

At 264, method 200 adjusts the fuel injection mode from all cylinder modes and is followed with reducing in cylinder During ring a possibility that the variation of the combustion knock background noise level of each combustion knock window.According to the method for Fig. 7 To adjust fuel injection.After adjusting fuel injection mode, method 200 proceeds to 265.

At 265, method 200 activates the poppet of all cylinders and cylinder.Fuel injector is also basic at it It is activated under operation mode, and spark is supplied to all cylinders.After activating all cylinders, method 200 proceed to 218.

In this way, adjustable cylinder density, fuel injection timing and ignition mode are started with mitigating The variation of machine pinking background noise level.Furthermore it is known that combustion knock background noise level can be for specific VDE and non- A possibility that VDE mode is stored in controller storage, allows to reduce wrong pinking instruction changes in engine mode A possibility that missing pinking after becoming.

It shall yet further be noted that the method for Fig. 2 can enter whether selected VDE mode will lead to change cylinder by determining Combustion knock background noise level change fuel injector timing, cylinder spark mode and the cylinder of selected VDE mode Density.If it is determined that the variation of combustion knock background noise level, then can take movement, so that when entering new VDE mould Change the combustion knock background noise level of less cylinder when formula.However, method 200 is practical in alternative exemplary On then if it is observed that combustion knock background noise level changes, then can be carried out described herein using selected VDE mode Adjustment.Therefore, selected VDE mode can be activated at 208, and method 200 can judge the VDE mould of activation at 210 Whether formula changes combustion knock background noise level.Then, if it is observed that the change of combustion knock background noise level Change, then identical mitigation can be taken to act.

Referring now to Figure 3, showing the side for determining the combustion knock background noise level of modulated displacement engine Method.The method includes determine combustion knock background noise level so as to using different types of fuel injection (for example, DI and PFI)。

At 302, cylinder of the selection of method 300 for the mapping of combustion knock background noise level.In one example, Method 300 starts from selecting the first cylinder in engine ignition sequence, then in having had mapped engine ignition sequence The first cylinder combustion knock background noise level after successively other cylinders in chosen ignition sequence.For example, for Ignition order is the four cylinder engine of 1-3-4-2, and method 300 selects No.1 cylinder for combustion knock ambient noise water first Flat mapping, then method 300 selects No. three cylinders for combustion knock background noise level mapping, etc..It is used in selection After the cylinder of combustion knock background noise level mapping, method 300 proceeds to 304.

At 304, method 300 retrieves the knock window timing of selected cylinder.Method 300 can be from controller storage Retrieve knock window timing.In one example, the knock window timing for selecting cylinder is compressed from the top dead centre of selected cylinder After stroke 60 degree after five crankshaft degree to the top dead centre compression stroke of selected cylinder.In other examples, knock window can be with With other timings (for example, the pinking of the selected cylinder and quick-fried during the crankshaft interval for evaluating the knock window of selected cylinder Shake ambient noise).Method 300 proceeds to 306.

At 306, there is the identification of method 300 fuel injection control Chong Die with the knock window timing of selected cylinder to act Other cylinders of timing.It is also based on the mark that selected cylinder retrieves other cylinders from memory.It replaces Dai Di, the injection of each cylinder can start to (SOI) timing (for example, crankshaft angles) and injection terminate (EOI) timing with The selected combustion knock window timing determined at 304 is compared.If SOI the or EOI timing of the fuel injector of cylinder In selected combustion knock window, then the injector of other cylinders is identified as having Chong Die with selected knock window Timing.If the SOI or EOI of fuel injector occur simultaneously with selected combustion knock window, at SOI or EOI Fuel injector control action (for example, opening or closing fuel injector) may influence during selected combustion knock window Determining combustion knock background noise level.Have and selected combustion knock windows overlay or simultaneous control in identification After braking the fuel injector made, method 300 proceeds to 308.

At 308, method 300 selectively activates and deactivates dynamic with the control with selected combustion knock windows overlay The fuel injector of work.For example, if closing the DI injector of No. six cylinders during the knock window of No. three cylinders, it is determined that The combustion knock background noise level of No. three cylinders, wherein the DI injector normal operating of No. six cylinders is (for example, in No. three gas It is closed during the knock window of cylinder).Then using engine background noise level as No. three gas when No. six cylinder combustion fuel The engine background noise level of cylinder is stored to controller storage.Next, the DI fuel injector of No. six cylinders is deactivated, It is closed so that the DI fuel injector of No. six cylinders is not related to during the combustion knock window of No. three cylinders.Then, it is determined that No. three The combustion knock background noise level of cylinder.This combustion knock background noise level of No. three cylinders, which is used as, works as engine The background noise level of No. three cylinders is stored in controller and deposits when operating in the case where the DI injector of No. three cylinders is deactivated In reservoir.It can determine in a similar manner with the simultaneous control action of combustion knock window with selected cylinder numbers The combustion knock background noise level and store the combustion knock background noise level of PFI injection deposit to controller Reservoir.

In one example, it is sensed via to the combustion knock occurred during the combustion knock window of selected cylinder Device output is filtered and is integrated to determine combustion knock background noise level.In addition, present engine pinking ambient noise Level can be made of the average value for selecting the previous combustion knock background noise level of the predetermined quantity of cylinder.It is selected determining After the background noise level for determining cylinder, method 300 proceeds to 310.

At 310, method 300 determines the existence or non-existence of combustion knock according to background noise level.Specifically, The combustion knock background noise level of the retrieval of method 300 cylinder of burning fuel during present engine circulation. In addition, the existence or non-existence of the control action based on the fuel injector occurred during selected combustion knock window, from Engine background noise level is selected and retrieved in memory.For example, if evaluating the combustion knock of No. three cylinders simultaneously And the DI fuel injector (the DI injector of No. six cylinders is closed during the knock window of No. three cylinders) of No. six cylinders is activated, Then method 300 retrieves the combustion knock background noise level of No. three cylinders, and the combustion knock background noise level is corresponding Combustion knock background noise level when engine is operated in the case where the DI fuel injector of No. six cylinders is activated. After method 300 is carried out integral and will be integrated by the output of the detonation sensor during the knock window to specific engines cylinder Detonation sensor to export combustion knock background noise level divided by specific cylinder quick-fried come the engine for determining each cylinder Shake strength level.If knock intensity level is more than threshold value, the pinking of specific cylinder is indicated.It can be assessed by similar fashion The existence or non-existence of the pinking of each cylinder.

At 312, the delay of method 300 indicates the spark timing of the cylinder of its pinking.Engine can be close It is operated under the basic spark timing of MBT spark timing.If detecting the pinking of specific cylinder, its pinking can be will test Cylinder spark timing from MBT spark timing retard predetermined amount.Detect that the spark of the cylinder of its pinking can be with the time It elapses and shifts to an earlier date, allow to reduce fuel economy penalty.Method 300 is advanced to exit.

In this way, it can determine and application engine pinking background noise level is to determine depositing for combustion knock Or be not present.The estimated value of combustion knock background noise level may include from direct and port fuel injector Noise.

Referring now to Figure 4, showing the exemplary inspection device for estimating combustion knock ambient noise.Block diagram 400 wraps It includes to summing junction 408 and the viewer part 401 of output is provided.The output of engine knock sensors is being input into low-pass filtering It is rectified and is integrated before device 402.The knock sensor signal for being input to low-pass filter 402 is in cylinder knocking window phase Between the output of detonation sensor that occurs.Cylinder knocking window is opened to allow at the predetermined crank interval of the pinking of assessment cylinder Period detonation sensor is output to low-pass filter.Each cylinder has knock window as shown in Figure 5.Low-pass filter 402 have the cutoff frequency based on the filter time constant (for example, scalar numeric value) for being input to low-pass filter 402.Quick-fried The output of detonation sensor depends on engine speed, fuel injection timing and since can during knock window during shaking window To have opened and closed the duration of charge since fuel injector.The output of low-pass filter 402 is as unadjusted Combustion knock ambient noise reference levels are relayed to summing junction 408.The output of summing junction 408 is that engine adjusted is quick-fried Shake background noise level.

Viewer 401 receives the combustion knock ambient noise estimated according to following equation with reference to estimated value:

INTKNK_DELTA_EST [icyl]=lookup_3d (INTKNK_DELTA_INJ (icyl, rpm)

Wherein INTKNK_DELTA_EST is that the pinking ambient noise after integral refers to estimated value, and icyl is using after integral Pinking ambient noise refer to estimated value cylinder；Lookup_3d is with the three dimensional lookup table of empirically determined value, and described value is The function of the cylinder of pinking ambient noise reference after engine speed and application integral.The value of INTKNK_DELTA_EST is defeated Enter to low-pass filter 404.The output of low-pass filter 404 is subtracted from the value of INTKNK_DELTA_EST at 410, and will As a result it is input to summing junction 408.Viewer 401 is provided to the combustion knock ambient noise determined from engine knock sensors Horizontal forward feedback correction.If fuel injector control action (for example, opening or closing) is in combustion knock ambient noise window Mouth is external, then INTKNK_DELTA_EST=0.

Referring now to Figure 5, showing the positive time series 500 for showing exemplary engine pinking ambient noise window timing. Shown timing is the eight cylinder engine for being 1-3-7-2-6-5-4-8 for ignition order.The engine is that circulation is 720 songs The four-stroke engine of axis degree.Engine crankshaft degree is positioned along trunnion axis, and zero degree indicates the top dead centre pressure of No.1 cylinder Contracting stroke.Eight cylinders are marked along vertical axis.

The combustion knock window of No.1 cylinder is indicated by slash 502.The knock window of remaining cylinder (2 to 8) It is indicated by slash (504 to 516) similar with the label alignment along vertical axis.Solid thick stick 530 indicates the DI combustion of No. two cylinders Material ejector opens interval.When solid thick stick 530 is invisible, the DI fuel injector of No. two cylinders is closed.The DI of No. two cylinders Fuel injector is opened in the left side of solid thick stick 530 and is closed on the right side of solid thick stick 530.Remaining cylinder (2 to 8) DI fuel injection indicate that and they follow convention identical with solid thick stick 530 by similar solid thick stick (532 to 544).Combustion Material ejector thick stick 530 to 544 is aligned with the cylinder listed along vertical axis corresponding to fuel injector thick stick respectively.

The stroke of No.1 cylinder is indicated by horizontal line 550.Alphabetical p, e, i and c identify power associated with No.1 cylinder (p), (e), air inlet (i) and compression (c) stroke are vented.The stroke of other cylinders identifies in a similar manner.

Fig. 5 further includes table 501, and the table describes a DI fuel injection for cylinder and starting for another cylinder Relationship between machine pinking background noise level, as shown in sequence 500.Table 501 includes the first label, first mark Label instruction is to which cylinder injection fuel to burn.Cylinder number presses the ignition order 1-3-7-2-6- of engine 5-4-8 arrangement.The knock window for the cylinder that the instruction of second label is influenced by the fuel injection to the cylinder to burn.Table 501 show the knock window of cylinder 5 by being sprayed the influence of the fuel to burn in the cylinder 1 (position in the table of cylinder 1 Above cylinder 5).Table 501 also show the knock window of cylinder 4 by by spraying with the fuel that burns in cylinder 3 Influence, etc..Therefore, when fuel is directly injected to a cylinder, it may be influenced after engine combustion sequence declines The combustion knock background noise level of the cylinder of three cylinders.Between port fuel injector and cylinder knocking window just When and correlation can be described by similar fashion.

Thus, it can be observed that the opening and closing of the DI fuel injector of No. two cylinders occur in the quick-fried of No.1 cylinder During shaking window.The timed relationship is indicated by arrow 590.Similarity relation between DI injector and combustion knock window is by arrow First 591 to 597 instruction.Therefore, when DI injector is activated, the opening and closing of DI injector can increase cylinder Combustion knock background noise level.When DI injector is not activated, the engine background of cylinder can be reduced Noise level.

Referring now to Figure 6, showing for whether diagnosing cylinder based on combustion knock background noise level The method deactivated in VDE mode.When determining combustion knock background noise level, depend in combustion knock window phase Between whether take fuel injector control action (for example, opening or closing fuel injector), the engine of cylinder is quick-fried Shake background noise level can change.If during crankshaft interval when specific cylinder knock window open when fuel injector It opens or closes, then the combustion knock background noise level of specific engines cylinder may be due to by opening or closing fuel Noise caused by injector increases with vibration.However, if when the knock window of specific cylinder is opened during crankshaft interval When fuel injector be not switched on or close, then the combustion knock background noise level of specific engines cylinder may be due to not having Noise from fuel injector is reduced with vibration.

At 602, it is determining that method 600 selects cylinder to carry out combustion knock background noise level.In one example, side Method 600 starts from selecting cylinder based on engine location.Selected cylinder is the predefined song in the knock window for limiting cylinder The cylinder of shaft angle degree, or closest to its limit cylinder knock window predefined crankshaft angles without the knock window in cylinder In crankshaft angles cylinder.For example, if engine ten degree and No.1 gas after the top dead centre compression stroke of No.1 cylinder The knock window of cylinder then selects one from 60 degree after five degree of top dead centre compression strokes to No.1 cylinder after top dead centre compression stroke Number cylinder, because engine is located in the knock window of No.1 cylinder.Combustion knock ambient noise water is carried out in selection cylinder It puts down after determining, method 600 proceeds to 604.

At 604, method 600 retrieves the knock window timing of selected cylinder.Method 600 can be from controller storage Retrieve knock window timing.In one example, the knock window timing for selecting cylinder is compressed from the top dead centre of selected cylinder After stroke 60 degree after five crankshaft degree to the top dead centre compression stroke of selected cylinder.In other examples, knock window can be with With other timings (for example, the pinking of the selected cylinder and quick-fried during the crankshaft interval for evaluating the knock window of selected cylinder Shake ambient noise).Method 600 proceeds to 606.

At 606, there is the identification of method 600 fuel injection control Chong Die with the knock window timing of selected cylinder to act Other cylinders of timing.It is also based on the mark that selected cylinder retrieves other cylinders from memory.It replaces Dai Di, the injection of each cylinder can start to (SOI) timing (for example, crankshaft angles) and injection terminate (EOI) timing with The selected combustion knock window timing determined at 604 is compared.If SOI the or EOI timing of the fuel injector of cylinder In selected combustion knock window, then the injector of other cylinders is identified as having Chong Die with selected knock window Timing.If the SOI or EOI of fuel injector occur simultaneously with selected combustion knock window, at SOI or EOI Fuel injector control action (for example, opening or closing fuel injector) may influence during selected combustion knock window Determining combustion knock background noise level.Have and selected combustion knock windows overlay or simultaneous control in identification After braking the fuel injector made, method 600 proceeds to 608.

At 608, method 600 judges whether the 208 or 212 selected VDE mode from Fig. 2 influences to select at 602 To carry out the operation for the cylinder that combustion knock ambient noise determines.Due to selected VDE mode in present engine circulation Deactivated cylinder may influence to be selected to carry out the combustion knock background for the cylinder that combustion knock ambient noise determines recently Noise level.For example, if the DI injector of No. two cylinders closes in the knock window of No.1 cylinder when No. two cylinder activities Close and the DI injector of No. two cylinders in current cylinder circulation since selected VDE mode does not activate, then method 600 can be with Judge that selected VDE mode influences to carry out the cylinder (for example, No.1 cylinder) that combustion knock background noise level determines by selection Combustion knock background noise level.If method 600 judges that selected VDE mode influences to carry out combustion knock back by selection The combustion knock background noise level for the cylinder that scape noise level determines determines that then answer is to be and method 600 Proceed to 610.Otherwise, answer is that no and method 600 proceeds to 620.

At 620, method 600 determines the combustion knock background noise level of the cylinder selected at 602, and will start Machine pinking background noise level is stored to controller storage.Combustion knock background noise level is stored in memory location In, the memory location can be by selected cylinder numbers, current selected VDE mode (including all cylinder activity patterns) It is referred to.In addition, combustion knock background noise level is stored as an identified upper combustion knock ambient noise It is horizontal.It can be integrated via a part of the knock window to selected cylinder to determine that combustion knock background is made an uproar Sound is horizontal.Method 600 is advanced to exit.

At 610, method 600 determines the combustion knock background noise level of the cylinder selected at 602, and will start Machine pinking background noise level is stored to controller storage.Combustion knock background noise level is stored in memory location In, the memory location can be by selected cylinder numbers, current selected VDE mode (including all cylinder activity patterns) It is referred to.In addition, combustion knock background noise level is stored as new combustion knock background noise level.Method 600 proceed to 612.

At 612, method 600 judges that a upper combustion knock background noise level is made an uproar with new combustion knock background Whether the absolute value (ABS) of the difference between sound level is more than threshold level.If it is, answer be and method 600 advance To 614.Otherwise, answer is that no and method 600 proceeds to 616.Answer is that instruction VDE mode changes according to order, because For the variation for having identified fuel injector control action.The no instruction VDE mode of answer does not change according to order, because of hair The variation of engine knock background noise level not yet identifies the fuel injector control action observed.

At 616, method 600 indicates that VDE mode does not change as expected.Method 600 can limit the number that can use VDE mode It measures and indicates that there are VDE mode deteriorations.For example, method 600 can inhibit in V8 engine when determining VDE mode deterioration V6S and V4S mode.A possibility that VDE mode can be limited to reduce engine degradation and engine emission deterioration.Method 600 Advance to exit.

At 614, method 600 indicates that VDE mode changes as expected.Therefore, method 600 can signal and start Machine operates as expected.Method 600 is advanced to exit.

In this way, method 600 can determine the existence or non-existence of VDE mode deterioration.VDE mode deterioration can be with It is determined based on combustion knock background noise level.In addition, other VDE modes deterioration method can be combined with the method for Fig. 6 with Improve engine diagnostic.

Referring now to Fig. 7 to Figure 11, show for adjust VDE mode, injector timing and fuel injector mode with The method of more consistent combustion knock background noise level is provided when there are VDE mode variation.Change the phase in VDE mode Between, the sum of active engine cylinder can increase or decrease.If cylinder is deactivated, due to the fuel spray of deactivated cylinder Emitter is deactivated, and the combustion knock background noise level of some moving cylinders may be decreased.Because of the fuel spray of a cylinder The control action (for example, opening and closing) of emitter is likely to occur in the combustion knock window of another cylinder (in such as Fig. 5 It is shown), so while VDE mode variation and knock window in another cylinder may be changed by activating or deactivate some cylinders Period is the combustion knock background noise level that other cylinders determine.Accordingly, it may be desirable to modify VDE mode, fuel injection Device timing and/or fuel injection mode are to reduce the combustion knock ambient noise variation caused by VDE mode variation.To the greatest extent Pipe method 700 is shown for judging whether that selected VDE mode can be modified to maintain combustion knock background noise level Particular order, but if desired, sequence whether judging specified conditions (for example, SOI timing etc.) can be rearranged.

At 702, method 700 judges whether there is the substitution cylinder spark mode that can be used for activating, because of current selected VDE may influence combustion knock background noise level.Method 700 can be retrieved from controller storage can use VDE mould Formula, and by the cylinder spark mould of the cylinder spark mode of current selected VDE mode and current non-selected available VDE mode Formula is compared.It is available substitution cylinder spark mode be include with selected VDE mode same population activation cylinder VDE mould Formula, but the available VDE mode substituted must also have the ignition order different from selected VDE mode.For example, if igniting is suitable The current selected VDE mode for the V8 engine that sequence is 1-3-7-2-6-5-4-8 is the V4S mode that ignition order is 1-7-6-4 And ignition order is that the V4S mode of 3-2-5-8 is available, then answer is to be and method 700 proceeds to the 802 of Fig. 8.Otherwise, If the cylinder spark mode of substitution is unavailable, answer is no, and method 700 proceeds to 704.

At 704, method 700 judges whether activate shunting fuel injection mode for current selected VDE mode.It shunts Jet mode is the mode of the fuel injection via single fuel injector to the offer of single cylinder more than once.For example, for Selected VDE mode, direct fuel injector can spray primary during induction stroke and spray second during compression stroke It is secondary.It by such fuel injection operation or arranges to be determined as shunting jet mode by method 700.If method 700 determine for Current VDE mode activation enables and shunts fuel injection, then answer is to be and method 700 proceeds to the 902 of Fig. 9.Otherwise, it answers Case is that no and method 700 proceeds to 706.

At 706, method 700 judges whether that the injection of adjustable current selected VDE mode starts (SOI) timing (for example, engine crank angle).It is when fuel injector (PFI or DI) injector is opened that the injection of cylinder, which starts timing, Earliest crankshaft angles during cylinder cycle, and SOI timing can be adjusted in response to engine operating condition.It is followed in current cylinder The IC Intake Valve Closes during a upper previous circulation for cylinder are in for the earliest SOI of port fuel injector during ring Crankshaft angles.The earliest SOI of direct fuel injector for same cylinder can be the upper previous circulation for cylinder Exhaust valve closing (EVC).Therefore, it can permit PFI to start with the SOI injecting time more much earlier than DI.In addition, SOI sprays Time may be there are also other limiting factors.For example, the SOI of DI injector may be limited in after top dead centre induction stroke, with Ensure that most of DI fuel are retained in cylinder.Current selected VDE mode can be retrieved from controller storage PFI and DI injecting time and earliest PFI and DI injecting time.If the DI injecting time of current selected VDE mode It is later than earliest DI injecting time, then the DI injection SOI time can shift to an earlier date.Similarly, if current selected VDE mode PFI injecting time is later than earliest PFI injecting time, then the PFI injection SOI time can shift to an earlier date.Method 700 judges PFI and DI Whether the SOI timing of injector may be adjusted to the time of the benchmark SOI timing earlier than current selected VDE mode, and answer is It is, and method 700 proceeds to the 740 of Figure 10.Otherwise, answer is that no and method 700 proceeds to 708.

At 708, the judgement of method 700 is when the combustion knock back for activating selected VDE mode that will will increase cylinder Whether can be activated on selected cylinder when scape noise level only PFI (for example, not sprayed via DI fuel in cylinder combustion fuel Emitter operates cylinder in the case where supplying fuel to cylinder in one or more cycle of engine) to maintain one or more hairs The combustion knock background noise level of motivation cylinder.For example, if V8 is in V4S VDE cylinder mode in only DI fuel injection Operation in the movable situation of device (2 to 4 cylinder density, ignition order 1,7,6,4) and select VDE mode and become V6S VDE (3 to 4 density, ignition order 1,7,2,6,4,8), then method 700 may determine that the feelings that cylinder 2 and 8 can be sprayed in only PFI It is reactivated under condition, so that combustion knock background noise level will not be since PFI injector be in the knock window of cylinder 1 and 6 It closes and changes before opening.If by DI injection 3 to 4 cylinder mode of activation from cylinder 2 and 8,1 He of cylinder 6 combustion knock background noise level may become higher level from reduced levels because cylinder 2 and 8 at upper one most It is deactivated in nearly cycle of engine.

On the other hand, if a upper nearest VDE mode be V6S (3 to 4 cylinder density, ignition order 1,7,2,6, 4,8, and all cylinders are all in only DI jet mode) and selected VDE mode is V4S (2 to 4 cylinder density, ignition order For 1,7,6,4), then activate the PFI injector in moving cylinder that will not change moving cylinder 1,7,6 and 4 under V4S mode Combustion knock background noise level.Therefore, method 700 will not be under only PFI mode to select VDE mode operant activity gas Cylinder (cylinder 1,7,6 and 4).If method 700 judges to activate only PFI injection to maintain the engine of one or more cylinders Pinking background noise level, then answer is to be and method 700 proceeds to the 750 of Figure 11.Otherwise, answer is no and method 700 proceed to 710.

Method 700, which may also require that by operating selected cylinder with only PFI mode, realizes required engine Torque and engine emission.Method 700 can be with reference to engine torque level available when cylinder is with the operation of PFI mode and row Zoom level is to determine whether to provide required engine torque and engine row by only operating cylinder under PFI mode It puts.If required engine torque and engine emission may not be able to be provided by operating some cylinders under only PFI mode, Then method 700 may be advanced to 710 without activating cylinder under only PFI mode.

At 710, method 700 judges whether to can change cylinder spark density to maintain with a up nearest VDE At least part of combustion knock background of activity present in mode (for example, the positive burning fuel of cylinder) cylinder is made an uproar The phase same level of sound level.It is at least one of active engine cylinder that method 700, which may search for available VDE mode to find, Divide to provide and also be verified simultaneously with the identical combustion knock background noise level of level present in a upper nearest VDE mode A VDE mode of operator demand's torque and engine noise and vibration limitation can be met with VDE mode.For example, on if One nearest VDE mode is 3 to 4 cylinder density of the fixation that ignition order is 1,7,2,6,4,8, and present engine is followed The selected mode of ring is to roll 1 to 3, the first cycle of engine of ignition order 1,2,4；3,6,8 the second cycle of engine； And 7 and 5 third cycle of engine before repeating, then method 700 may determine that cylinder spark density can become lighting a fire At least part for fixing 2 to 4 cylinder density to keep the active engine cylinder of current VDE mode that sequence is 1,7,6,4 Engine background knock noise it is horizontal.Therefore, selected VDE mode can be replaced with the substitution VDE mode of difference cylinder density With the combustion knock ambient noise water at least part of cylinder movable during maintaining the currently active VDE mode It is flat.If the judgement of method 700 can change cylinder spark density to maintain the horizontal and current VDE of combustion knock ambient noise Level present at least part of the cylinder of mode is identical, then answer is to be and method 700 proceeds to 712.Otherwise, it answers Case is that no and method 700 proceeds to 714.

At 712, method 700 becomes selected VDE mode with the cylinder spark density different from selected VDE mode New VDE mode.Therefore, the VDE mode selected at 208 is not activated, and it is via with difference cylinder igniting density VDE mode replaces.VDE mode instead of selecting VDE mode can be via with reference to VDE mode stored in memory and will be from The fuel injector of the VDE mode obtained in memory operates and with the fuel injector in a up nearest VDE mode Operation is compared to determine.The VDE mode activated recently maintains the active engine cylinder of the currently active VDE mode extremely At least part of combustion knock background noise level.By the selected fuel spray for activating or deactivating the cylinder for being activated or deactivating Emitter and poppet activate VDE mode.Method 700 is advanced to exit.

At 714, method 700 is by the combustion knock background of the cylinder reactivated in selected VDE mode Noise level resets to the value (for example, at 250 of Fig. 2) being previously stored in controller storage.When previously deactivated hair When motivation cylinder is reactivated, the combustion knock background noise level of other cylinders is likely to be at low-level, because Fuel injector for previously deactivated cylinder is not turned on and closes.For example, being 1-3-7-2-6-5-4-8 for ignition order Eight cylinder engine, if cylinder 2,3 and 5 be deactivated and in current or next cycle of engine due to VDE mode become Change and be reactivated, then by the combustion knock background noise level (injector from cylinder 2,3 and 5 of cylinder 1,4 and 7 Noise can be aligned to the knock window of cylinder 1,4 and 7) the combustion knock background that is adjusted to the corresponding cylinder activated recently makes an uproar The previous level of sound.Alternatively, if the cylinder of previous activation is deactivated, by from engine deactivated recently The combustion knock background noise level of the cylinder of the injector influence of noise of cylinder can be allowed to reduce naturally, Or alternatively, it can reduce primary before being operated in the VDE mode that engine is activated in present engine circulation Time is stored in the value in controller storage.Method 700 is advanced to exit.

At 720, what the retrieval of method 700 activated in the currently active VDE mode (including cylinder spark mode) starts Machine cylinder list.When engine enters new VDE mode, list can be updated.For example, if being recycled in present engine Period, engine with V6S mode operation, wherein cylinder 1,7,2,6,4 and 8 is movable, then method 700 retrieval include cylinder 1, 7,2,6,4 and 8 list.Method 700 proceeds to 722.

At 722, method 700, which accesses memory and retrieves, has cylinder spark identical with current selected VDE mode Density but the list with the VDE mode for substituting ignition mode.For example, if ignition order is the V8 of 1-3-7-2-6-5-4-8 The current selected VDE mode of engine is the V4S mode that ignition order is 1-7-6-4, then method 700 can be from memory Retrieve the VDE mode for the V4S mode that ignition order is 3-2-5-8.Specific VDE mode may according to engine configuration and Noise and the vibration characteristics of VDE mode and it is different.There is the ignition mode different from current selected VDE mode and identical in retrieval Cylinder density VDE mode list after, method 700 proceeds to 724.

At 724, method 700 judges whether current selected VDE mode can become having and current selected VDE mould The VDE mode of the different ignition mode of formula and identical cylinder density.Method 700, which may also require that, appoints selected VDE mode It is the hair with the maximum quantity of the currently active VDE mode identical or essentially identical (for example, within 5%) that, which changes all, The VDE mode of engine knock background noise level.For example, if it is 1-7-2-6- that the currently active VDE mode, which is ignition order, The V6S of 4-8 and selected VDE mode are the V4S that ignition order is 3-2-5-8, then method 700 can be 1-7- with ignition order The V4S mode of 6-4 replaces selected VDE mode to maintain the engine background noise of cylinder 5,8,3 and 2 horizontal, this may be by The influence of the fuel injector noise of the cylinder 1,7,6 and 4 (as shown in Figure 5) just operated.In addition, by the way that ignition order is changed Become 1-7-6-4, the engine background noise level of cylinder 5,8,3,7,2 and 6 may not change, because of the combustion of these cylinders Material ejector state of a control is not modified.Therefore, method 700 can choose the minimum combustion knock back for changing cylinder The cylinder firing frequency of scape noise level.Note that each cylinder has an engine background noise level, as shown in Figure 5.Such as Fruit method 700 judges that selected VDE mode can become having the ignition mode different from selected VDE mode and identical cylinder close The VDE mode of degree, and selected VDE mode will become other available VDE modes with cylinder spark density having the same Compared to the combustion knock of the cylinder (for example, within 5%) having the same or essentially identical for maximum sum The VDE mode of background noise level, then answer is to be and method 800 proceeds to 726.Otherwise, answer is no and method 700 Proceed to the 704 of Fig. 7.

At 726, method 700 is used with cylinder density identical with selected VDE mode but is had with selected VDE mode not The VDE mode of same ignition order replaces selected VDE mode.Then, method 700 at least entire cycle of engine by ordering It enables and closes selected fuel injector and poppet to activate VDE mode.Method 700 is advanced to exit.

At 730, method 700 retrieves the list for the cylinder being activated in the currently active VDE mode.Example Such as, if during present engine circulation, engine is with the operation of V6S mode, and wherein cylinder 1,7,2,6,4 and 8 is movable, Then the retrieval of method 700 includes the list of cylinder 1,7,2,6,4 and 8.Method 700 proceeds to 732.

At 732, method 700 judges that the fuel injection split ratio of current selected VDE mode or shunt fraction whether may be used To change the present engine pinking background noise level to maintain VDE mode the currently active in selected VDE mode.At one In example, method 700 attempts as the currently active VDE mode in combustion knock window (each gas of selected VDE mode The window of cylinder) in manufacture substantial amt fuel injector activation event (for example, open fuel injector) and substantial amt Fuel injector deactivates event (for example, closing fuel injector).For example, if it is 1-7- that current VDE mode, which is ignition order, 2-6-5-8 and the V6S that DI injection twice occurs in cylinder knocking window, and current selected VDE mode is that igniting is suitable Sequence is 1-7-6-4 and the V4S of single DI injection occurs in cylinder knocking window, then method 700 can send out each activity The substantial amt of the DI injection of motivation cylinder increases to twice, allows to maintain many combustion knock background noise levels For the level of V6S ignition order.Similarly, if the currently active VDE mode includes the primary of each active engine cylinder DI injection, and current selected VDE mode includes the injection of DI twice of each active engine cylinder, then selectes VDE mode DI injection can become selected VDE mode each active engine cylinder DI injection.In addition, if method 700 Judge that the fuel that cylinder is ejected into via port fuel injector can be moved in the DI injection of cylinder (for example, adjustment Shunt fraction) to maintain combustion knock background noise level in cylinder as much as possible in selected VDE mode, otherwise also So, then method 700 adjusts shunt fraction to maintain present engine pinking background noise level as much as possible.If method The fuel injection split ratio or shunt fraction of the current selected VDE mode of 700 judgements can change to tie up in selected VDE mode The present engine pinking background noise level of the currently active VDE mode is held, then answer is to be and method 700 proceeds to 734.Otherwise, answer is that no and method 700 proceeds to the 706 of Fig. 7.

At 734, method 700 adjust fuel injection split ratio and/or shunt fraction in selected VDE mode as far as possible It maintains and the present engine pinking background noise level in current active VDE mode as many.In cylinder knock window The practical total injecting times that shunt provided during mouthful can be increased or decreased from the shunting injection ratio of selected VDE mode, to work as Combustion knock ambient noise is maintained in the VDE mode activated in preceding or next cycle of engine in cylinder as much as possible It is horizontal.Therefore, method 700 can by adjusting the fuel injection timing of selected VDE mode come adjust fuel injection split ratio and/ Or fuel injection shunt fraction, to maintain combustion knock background noise level.Method 700 is advanced to exit.

At 740, method 700 retrieves the list for the cylinder being activated in the currently active VDE mode.Example Such as, if during present engine circulation, engine is with the operation of V6S mode, and wherein cylinder 1,7,2,6,4 and 8 is movable, Then the retrieval of method 700 includes the list of cylinder 1,7,2,6,4 and 8.Method 700 proceeds to 732.

At 742, method 700 judges whether the SOI of the fuel injection of current selected VDE mode can change to maintain The present engine pinking background noise level of the currently active VDE mode in selected VDE mode.In one example, method 700 determine whether the SOI timing of selected VDE mode is later than the SOI timing of the currently active VDE mode.If it is, method 700 can be by the SOI timing of selected VDE mode in advance to remain current in cylinder as much as possible in selected VDE mode Combustion knock background noise level.In addition, if the SOI timing of the moving cylinder in selected VDE mode can will be selected in advance Determine the fuel injector control action in VDE mode to be moved to comprising the same fuel injection device in the currently active VDE mode In the fuel injection window of the cylinder of control action, then method 700 can shift to an earlier date the SOI timing.It similarly, if will choosing The SOI timing for determining the moving cylinder in VDE mode in advance can remove the fuel injector control action in selected VDE mode not The fuel injection window of cylinder comprising the same fuel injection device control action in the currently active VDE mode, then method 700 The SOI timing can be shifted to an earlier date.If method 700 judges that the SOI of the fuel injection of current selected VDE mode can change To maintain the present engine pinking background noise level of the currently active VDE mode in selected VDE mode, then answer is yes And method 700 proceeds to 744.Otherwise, answer is that no and method 700 proceeds to the 706 of Fig. 7.

At 744, method 700 adjusts SOI timing to maintain and current active VDE mould as far as possible in selected VDE mode Present engine pinking background noise level in formula as many.Therefore, the SOI of the adjustable selected VDE mode of method 700 is being just When to maintain combustion knock background noise level.Method 700 is advanced to exit.

At 750, method 700 deactivates the DI injector of selected cylinder and only activates the PFI spray of selected cylinder Emitter in selected VDE mode in the cylinder of selected VDE mode as much as possible to maintain the engine air of current VDE mode Cylinder pinking background noise level.Method 700 is advanced to exit.

Show referring now to Figure 12, showing and showing via what combustion knock background noise level diagnosis VDE mode entered Example property sequence.It can cooperate via the system of Fig. 1 with the method for Fig. 2 and Fig. 6 and the sequence of Figure 12 is provided.In this example, start Machine is four stroke V8 engines.

The first curve graph risen at the top of Figure 12 is the curve graph of VDE mode and time.Vertical axis indicates VDE mode, and VDE mode is identified by the label of 1202 top of trace.Trace 1202 indicates VDE mode.Horizontal axis plots time and time Right side from the left side of curve graph to curve graph increases.

The second curve graph risen at the top of Figure 12 is the combustion knock background noise level of No.1 cylinder and the curve of time Figure.Vertical axis indicates the combustion knock background noise level of No.1 cylinder, and the combustion knock background of No.1 cylinder is made an uproar Sound level increases on the direction of vertical axis arrow.The combustion knock background noise level of the expression No.1 cylinder of trace 1204. The right side of horizontal axis plots time and time from the left side of curve graph to curve graph increases.

The third curve graph risen at the top of Figure 12 is the combustion knock background noise level and the curve of time of No. two cylinders Figure.Vertical axis indicates the combustion knock background noise level of No. two cylinders, and the combustion knock background of No. two cylinders is made an uproar Sound level increases on the direction of vertical axis arrow.Trace 1206 indicates the combustion knock background noise level of No. two cylinders. The right side of horizontal axis plots time and time from the left side of curve graph to curve graph increases.

The 4th curve graph risen at the top of Figure 12 is the combustion knock background noise level and the curve of time of No. three cylinders Figure.Vertical axis indicates the combustion knock background noise level of No. three cylinders, and the combustion knock background of No. three cylinders is made an uproar Sound level increases on the direction of vertical axis arrow.Trace 1208 indicates the combustion knock background noise level of No. three cylinders. The right side of horizontal axis plots time and time from the left side of curve graph to curve graph increases.

The 5th curve graph risen at the top of Figure 12 is the combustion knock background noise level and the curve of time of No. four cylinders Figure.Vertical axis indicates the combustion knock background noise level of No. four cylinders, and the combustion knock background of No. four cylinders is made an uproar Sound level increases on the direction of vertical axis arrow.Trace 1210 indicates the combustion knock background noise level of No. four cylinders. The right side of horizontal axis plots time and time from the left side of curve graph to curve graph increases.

The 6th curve graph risen at the top of Figure 12 is the combustion knock background noise level and the curve of time of No. five cylinders Figure.Vertical axis indicates the combustion knock background noise level of No. five cylinders, and the combustion knock background of No. five cylinders is made an uproar Sound level increases on the direction of vertical axis arrow.Trace 1212 indicates the combustion knock background noise level of No. five cylinders. The right side of horizontal axis plots time and time from the left side of curve graph to curve graph increases.

The 7th curve graph risen at the top of Figure 12 is the combustion knock background noise level and the curve of time of No. six cylinders Figure.Vertical axis indicates the combustion knock background noise level of No. six cylinders, and the combustion knock background of No. six cylinders is made an uproar Sound level increases on the direction of vertical axis arrow.Trace 1214 indicates the combustion knock background noise level of No. six cylinders. The right side of horizontal axis plots time and time from the left side of curve graph to curve graph increases.

The 8th curve graph risen at the top of Figure 12 is the combustion knock background noise level and the curve of time of No. seven cylinders Figure.Vertical axis indicates the combustion knock background noise level of No. seven cylinders, and the combustion knock background of No. seven cylinders is made an uproar Sound level increases on the direction of vertical axis arrow.Trace 1216 indicates the combustion knock background noise level of No. seven cylinders. The right side of horizontal axis plots time and time from the left side of curve graph to curve graph increases.

The zigzag line chart risen at the top of Figure 12 is the combustion knock background noise level and the curve of time of No. eight cylinders Figure.Vertical axis indicates the combustion knock background noise level of No. eight cylinders, and the combustion knock background of No. eight cylinders is made an uproar Sound level increases on the direction of vertical axis arrow.Trace 1218 indicates the combustion knock background noise level of No. eight cylinders. The right side of horizontal axis plots time and time from the left side of curve graph to curve graph increases.

The tenth curve graph risen at the top of Figure 12 is the curve graph of VDE deterioration instruction and time.Vertical axis indicates VDE deterioration, And the instruction VDE deterioration when trace 1212 is close to vertical axis arrow.When trace 1212 is close to trunnion axis, do not indicate that VDE is bad Change.Trace 1202 indicates VDE deterioration state.The horizontal axis plots time and time is from the left side of curve graph to the right side of curve graph Increase.

In time t0, engine is operated with V8 mode and does not indicate that VDE is deteriorated.The combustion knock of cylinder 1 to 8 is carried on the back Scape noise level is in medium level.In time t1, engine is commanded into V6 mode, wherein only eight gas of engine Six cylinder combustion fuel in cylinder.The intake and exhaust valves of two deactivated cylinders are ordered to be closed and in one or more It is remained turned-off in cycle of engine.In addition, the fuel injector for two cylinders for being ordered to be closed or deactivating is ordered to be closed.In In the example, No. 3 and No. 5 cylinders are closed in order.The combustion knock background noise level of No. 4 cylinders reduces, because of No. 3 cylinders Fuel injector be ordered to be closed.However, the combustion knock background noise level of No. 7 cylinders does not reduce, because of No. 7 gas The fuel injector of cylinder will continue to operate being ordered to be closed.

In time t2, is not reduced in response to the combustion knock noise level of No. 7 cylinders and indicate VDE and deteriorate.This Afterwards soon, in time t3, in response to the instruction of VDE deterioration, engine transitions return to V8 mode.It is deactivated by reactivating Cylinder can reduce a possibility that further engine degradation and/or engine emission deteriorate.It is bad in instruction VDE After change, engine continues with the operation of V8 mode.

In this way, combustion knock background noise level may be used as the presence or not of instruction VDE mode deterioration Existing basis.In addition, in some instances, if the engine background noise horizontal respone of one or more cylinders Do not increase in ordering one or more cylinders to be activated, then can indicate that VDE mode deteriorates.

Referring now to Figure 13, showing first showing for maintaining the combustion knock background noise level of cylinder Example property sequence.It can cooperate via the system of Fig. 1 with the method for Fig. 2 and Fig. 7 and the sequence of Figure 13 is provided.

The first curve graph risen at the top of Figure 13 is the curve graph of VDE mode and time.Vertical axis indicates VDE mode, and VDE mode is by the tag identifier along vertical axis.VDE mode 1 to 3 is shown for illustration purposes only, and can be provided attached Available VDE mode add or less.VDE mode can include but is not limited to V6S, V6R, I4S and I4R.Trace 1302 indicates VDE mode.The right side of horizontal axis plots time and time from the left side of curve graph to curve graph increases.

The second curve graph risen at the top of Figure 13 is the curve graph of cylinder spark mode and time.Vertical axis indicates cylinder spark Mode, and three cylinder spark modes for a VDE mode are shown in this example.Trace 1304 indicates cylinder point Fiery mode.The right side of horizontal axis plots time and time from the left side of curve graph to curve graph increases.

The third curve graph risen at the top of Figure 13 is the curve graph of selected VDE mode and time.Vertical axis indicates selected VDE mould Formula, and there are three types of possible selected VDE modes in this example.Trace 1306 indicates selected VDE mode.When trunnion axis indicates Between and right side of the time from the left side of curve graph to curve graph increase.

In time t10, selected VDE mode is mode 1, and cylinder spark mode is No. 2 modes.The currently active VDE mode is mode 1.In time t11, selected VDE mode becomes mode 2 in response to vehicle working condition.Cylinder spark mode It keeps the second ignition mode and VDE mode 1 keeps activation.Controller searches for various cylinder spark moulds in selected VDE mode Formula, and determine that the cylinder spark mode by adjusting selected VDE mode can maintain in current VDE mode cylinder most Big total combustion knock background noise level (for example, be maintained at or close to its present level).New gas is selected in time t12 Cylinder ignition mode is for selecting VDE mode.Selected VDE mode is activated, and it is in the cylinder spark mould of time t13 Shi Yixin Formula operates cylinder.

In this way, adjustable cylinder spark mode is to maintain the engine of one or more cylinders quick-fried Shake background noise level.The cylinder spark mode for the VDE mode that will be activated be can change to maintain the hair of cylinder Engine knock background noise level.It, can be to avoid wrong report pinking instruction by maintaining combustion knock background noise level.This Outside, combustion knock event can be avoided missing, allows to avoid engine degradation.

Referring now to Figure 14, showing second showing for maintaining the combustion knock background noise level of cylinder Example property sequence.It can cooperate via the system of Fig. 1 with the method for Fig. 2 and Fig. 7 and the sequence of Figure 14 is provided.

The first curve graph risen at the top of Figure 14 is the curve graph of VDE mode and time.Vertical axis indicates VDE mode, and VDE mode is by the tag identifier along vertical axis.VDE mode 1 to 3 is shown for illustration purposes only, and can be provided attached Available VDE mode add or less.VDE mode can include but is not limited to V6S, V6R, I4S and I4R.Trace 1402 indicates VDE mode.The right side of horizontal axis plots time and time from the left side of curve graph to curve graph increases.

The second curve graph risen at the top of Figure 14 is the curve graph that cylinder shunts jet mode and time.Vertical axis indicates cylinder Jet mode is shunted, and shows three cylinders in this example and shunts jet mode.Trace 1404 indicates that cylinder shunts spray Emission mode.The right side of horizontal axis plots time and time from the left side of curve graph to curve graph increases.

The third curve graph risen at the top of Figure 14 is the curve graph of selected VDE mode and time.Vertical axis indicates selected VDE mould Formula, and there are three types of possible selected VDE modes in this example.Trace 1406 indicates selected VDE mode.When trunnion axis indicates Between and right side of the time from the left side of curve graph to curve graph increase.

In time t20, selected VDE mode is mode 2 and cylinder shunting jet mode is 2.The currently active VDE mould Formula is mode 2.In time t21, selected VDE mode becomes mode 3 in response to vehicle working condition.Cylinder shunts jet mode and protects It holds as 2 and the holding of VDE mode 2 is activated.Controller searches for various cylinders in selected VDE mode and shunts fuel injection mould Formula, and determine that the cylinder by adjusting selected VDE mode shunts fuel injection mode and can maintain engine in current VDE mode The total combustion knock background noise level of the maximum of cylinder (for example, be maintained at or close to its present level).It is selected in time t22 It selects new cylinder and shunts jet mode for selecting VDE mode.Selected VDE mode is activated, and it is in time t23 Shi Yixin Cylinder shunt fuel injection mode and operate cylinder.

In this way, adjustable cylinder shunts jet mode to maintain starting for one or more cylinders Machine pinking background noise level.The cylinder that can change the VDE mode that will be activated shunts jet mode to maintain engine The combustion knock background noise level of cylinder.It, can be to avoid wrong report pinking by maintaining combustion knock background noise level Instruction.Furthermore, it is possible to avoid missing combustion knock event, allow to avoid engine degradation.

Referring now to Figure 15, the third shown for maintaining the combustion knock background noise level of cylinder is shown Example property sequence.It can cooperate via the system of Fig. 1 with the method for Fig. 2 and Fig. 7 and the sequence of Figure 15 is provided.

The first curve graph risen at the top of Figure 15 is the curve graph of VDE mode and time.Vertical axis indicates VDE mode, and VDE mode is by the tag identifier along vertical axis.VDE mode 1 to 3 is shown for illustration purposes only, and can be provided attached Available VDE mode add or less.VDE mode can include but is not limited to V6S, V6R, I4S and I4R.Trace 1502 indicates VDE mode.The right side of horizontal axis plots time and time from the left side of curve graph to curve graph increases.

The second curve graph risen at the top of Figure 15 is the curve graph of cylinder injection time started and time.Vertical axis indicates cylinder The time started is sprayed, and the cylinder injection time started becomes further to postpone in vertical axis arrow direction.1504 table of trace Show the cylinder injection time started.The right side of horizontal axis plots time and time from the left side of curve graph to curve graph increases.

The third curve graph risen at the top of Figure 15 is the curve graph of selected VDE mode and time.Vertical axis indicates selected VDE mould Formula, and there are three types of possible selected VDE modes in this example.Trace 1506 indicates selected VDE mode.When trunnion axis indicates Between and right side of the time from the left side of curve graph to curve graph increase.

In time t30, selected VDE mode is mode 2 and the cylinder injection time started is later (for example, delay ).The currently active VDE mode is mode 2.In time t31, selected VDE mode becomes mode in response to vehicle working condition 3.The cylinder injection time started keeps delay and the holding of VDE mode 2 is activated.Controller searches for the injection of selected VDE mode Time started, and determine by the way that the injection time started of selected VDE mode can be maintained engine in current VDE mode in advance The total combustion knock background noise level of the maximum of cylinder (for example, be maintained at or close to its present level).It is selected in time t32 The new cylinder injection time started is selected for selecting VDE mode.Selected VDE mode is activated, and it is in time t33 Shi Yixin Injection time started operate cylinder.

In this way, the cylinder injection time started can be shifted to an earlier date to the hair to maintain one or more cylinders Engine knock background noise level.The cylinder fuel injection time started for the VDE mode that will be activated be can change to maintain The combustion knock background noise level of cylinder.It, can be to avoid accidentally by maintaining combustion knock background noise level Report pinking instruction.Furthermore, it is possible to avoid missing combustion knock event, allow to avoid engine degradation.

Referring now to Figure 16, showing the 4th showing for maintaining the combustion knock background noise level of cylinder Example property sequence.It can cooperate via the system of Fig. 1 with the method for Fig. 2 and Fig. 7 and the sequence of Figure 16 is provided.

The first curve graph risen at the top of Figure 16 is the curve graph of VDE mode and time.Vertical axis indicates VDE mode, and VDE mode is by the tag identifier along vertical axis.VDE mode 1 to 3 is shown for illustration purposes only, and can be provided attached Available VDE mode add or less.VDE mode can include but is not limited to V6S, V6R, I4S and I4R.Trace 1602 indicates VDE mode.The right side of horizontal axis plots time and time from the left side of curve graph to curve graph increases.

The second curve graph risen at the top of Figure 16 is the curve graph of cylinder spark density and time.Vertical axis indicates cylinder spark Density, and cylinder spark density increases in vertical axis arrow direction.Trace 1604 indicates the cylinder injection time started.It is horizontal Axis indicates that the right side of time and time from the left side of curve graph to curve graph increases.

The third curve graph risen at the top of Figure 16 is the curve graph of selected VDE mode and time.Vertical axis indicates selected VDE mould Formula, and there are three types of possible selected VDE modes in this example.Trace 1606 indicates selected VDE mode.When trunnion axis indicates Between and right side of the time from the left side of curve graph to curve graph increase.

In time t40, selected VDE mode is mode 1 and cylinder spark density is in higher level.The currently active VDE mode is mode 1.In time t41, selected VDE mode becomes mode 2 in response to vehicle working condition.Cylinder spark density It is maintained at higher level and the holding of VDE mode 1 is activated.Controller searches for the cylinder density of selected VDE mode, and determines logical It is close to cross the cylinder spark for reducing cylinder spark density from its present level and cylinder spark density being increased into selected VDE mode Du or more the total combustion knock background noise level of the maximum of cylinder in current VDE mode can be maintained (for example, keeping Or close to its present level).Select new cylinder spark density for selecting VDE mode in time t42.Selected VDE mould Formula is activated, and it operates cylinder in the cylinder spark density of time t33 Shi Yixin.

In this way, cylinder spark density can change from the cylinder spark density of selected VDE mode to maintain one The combustion knock background noise level of a or multiple cylinders.It can change the cylinder for the VDE mode that will be activated Igniting density is to maintain the combustion knock background noise level of cylinder.By maintaining combustion knock ambient noise water It is flat, it can be to avoid wrong report pinking instruction.Furthermore, it is possible to avoid missing combustion knock event, allow to avoid engine bad Change.

Therefore, method described herein provides a kind of method for operating engine, which comprises operation can Variable-displacement engine；It will be sprayed based on fuel injector control action of the maintenance to one or more cylinders via controller Penetrating beginning (SOI) time from the first SOI time became for the 2nd SOI time, when the modulated displacement engine is all less than it The fuel injector is executed during the cylinder knocking detection window of cylinder when cylinder operates in the case where being activated Control action.In other words, it can change SOI when selected VDE mode can change combustion knock background noise level, make Obtain the variable quantity of the engine background noise level of cylinder caused by can reducing due to VDE mode variation.The side Method includes wherein via the pulse width with the 2nd SOI time by the 2nd SOI time from the first SOI time Shift to an earlier date towards the EVC for the cylinder for receiving the fuel.The method includes the wherein SOI times to spray for direct fuel Emitter.The method includes wherein changing the SOI time to be in response to change in VDE mode.The method includes wherein described VDE mode variation includes becoming the second cylinder spark density from the first cylinder spark density.The method includes wherein the first gas Cylinder lights a fire density greater than the second cylinder spark density.The method includes wherein the second SOI time be later than for from The exhaust valve closing timing of the cylinder of fuel is received in the fuel injection that the 2nd SOI time starts.

Method described herein additionally provides a kind of method for operating engine, which comprises operation is variable Displacement engine；The fuel injector control action of one or more cylinders will be started via controller based on maintenance Machine cylinder spark mode becomes the second cylinder spark mode from the first cylinder spark mode, when the modulated displacement engine is few The combustion is executed during cylinder knocking detection window when operating in the case that its all cylinder is activated in cylinder Material ejector control action.The method also includes working as from the first cylinder spark mode to become the second cylinder spark mould Cylinder spark density is maintained when formula.The method includes maintaining the fuel injector control action wherein to maintain one or more The combustion knock background noise level of a cylinder.The method also includes adjustment fuel to start injection timing to maintain The fuel injector control action.The method also includes the outputs to the engine knock sensors to integrate With the determination combustion knock background noise level.It include dimension the method includes wherein maintaining fuel injector control action Hold the fuel injector control action of the currently active variable displacement mode.The method includes the wherein fuel injector controls Braking is made to include opening or closing fuel injector.It is direct fuel injection the method includes the wherein fuel injector Device.

Note that exemplary control included by this paper and estimation program can combine various engines and/or Vehicular system Configuration is used together.Control method and program disclosed herein can be used as executable instruction and be stored in non-transitory memory In, and can be by including that the control system of controller is executed in conjunction with various sensors, actuator and other engine hardwares. Specific procedure as described herein can indicate one or more of any amount of processing strategie, it is such as event driven, in Disconnected driving, processing strategie etc..Therefore, various movements, operation or function shown in can be shown suitable Sequence is executed, is executed parallel, or is omitted in some cases.Equally, processing sequence, which is not necessarily, realizes as described herein show Example the exemplary feature and advantage of property necessary to, but for ease of description with description and provide.It is moved shown in one or more Work, operation and/or function can depend on used specific policy and be repeatedly carried out.In addition, it is described movement, operation and/ Or function can graphically be programmed into the non-transitory storage of the computer-readable storage media in engine control system Code in device, wherein the movement includes in the system of various engine hardware components by combining electronic controller to execute Instruction is to execute.

It should be understood that configuration disclosed herein and program are exemplary in nature, and these specific examples should not be by Be considered as it is in a limiting sense because many modifications are possible.For example, above-mentioned technology can be applied to V-6, I-4, I-6, V- 12, opposed 4 cylinder and other engine types.The theme of the disclosure includes various systems disclosed herein and configuration and other are special All novel and non-obvious combination and sub-portfolio of sign, function and/or property.

Following following claims, which particularly points out, is considered as certain combinations and sub-combinations that are considered novel and non-obvious.These power Benefit requires to may relate to "an" element or " first " element or its equivalent.Such claim is understood to include one The introducing of a or multiple such elements, so that neither requiring nor excluding two or more such elements.Disclosed spy Sign, function, other combinations of element and/or property and sub-portfolio can be by the modifications of present claims or by the application Or new claim is proposed in related application and is claimed.Such claim is compared with former claim no matter in range It is upper wider, narrower, equivalent or different be considered to include in the theme of the disclosure.

According to the present invention, a kind of method of engine operation includes: operation modulated displacement engine；Based on maintain to one or Injection is started (SOI) time from the first SOI time via controller by the fuel injector control action of multiple cylinders Became for the 2nd SOI time, when the modulated displacement engine operates Shi Fa in the case where being activated less than its all cylinder The fuel injector control action is executed during the cylinder knocking detection window of motivation cylinder.

According to one embodiment, the 2nd SOI time is from the first SOI time advance.

According to one embodiment, the SOI time is used for direct fuel injector.

According to one embodiment, changing the SOI time is in response to change in VDE mode.

According to one embodiment, the VDE mode variation includes becoming the second cylinder spark from the first cylinder spark density Density.

According to one embodiment, the first cylinder spark density is greater than the second cylinder spark density.

According to one embodiment, the 2nd SOI time is later than for since the fuel spray the 2nd SOI time Penetrate the exhaust valve closing timing for receiving the cylinder of fuel.

According to the present invention, a kind of method of engine operation includes: operation modulated displacement engine；Based on maintain to one or The fuel injector control action of multiple cylinders is via controller by cylinder ignition mode from the first cylinder point Fiery mode becomes the second cylinder spark mode, when the modulated displacement engine less than its all cylinder in the case where being activated The fuel injector control action is executed when operation during the cylinder knocking detection window of cylinder.

According to one embodiment, foregoing invention is further characterized in that when becoming described the from the first cylinder spark mode Cylinder spark density is maintained when two cylinder spark modes.

According to one embodiment, maintain the fuel injector control action to maintain one or more cylinders Combustion knock background noise level.

According to one embodiment, foregoing invention is further characterized in that adjustment fuel starts injection timing to maintain the fuel Injector control action.

According to one embodiment, foregoing invention be further characterized in that the engine knock sensors it is described export into Row integral is with the determination combustion knock background noise level.

According to one embodiment, maintaining fuel injector control action includes maintaining the currently active variable displacement mode Fuel injector control action.

According to one embodiment, the fuel injector control action includes opening or closing fuel injector.

According to one embodiment, the fuel injector is direct fuel injector.

According to the present invention, a kind of system for operating engine is provided, the system includes variable displacement and starts Machine；And controller comprising be stored in non-transitory memory with the executable instruction for performing the following operation: operation The modulated displacement engine, and ought become from modulated displacement engine described in the first cylinder spark density operation with second Modulated displacement engine described in cylinder spark density operation changes the total degree of the fuel injection occurred in cylinder knocking window When change split ratio fuel injection.

According to one embodiment, changing the split ratio fuel injection includes the increase fuel injection during cylinder cycle Total degree.

According to one embodiment, changing the split ratio fuel injection includes the reduction fuel injection during cylinder cycle Total degree.

According to one embodiment, foregoing invention is further characterized in that for becoming institute from the first cylinder spark density Change the extra-instruction that injection starts timing when stating the second cylinder spark density.

According to one embodiment, foregoing invention is further characterized in that for becoming institute from the first cylinder spark density Change the extra-instruction of cylinder spark mode when stating the second cylinder spark density.