阅读说明：本技术 一种超低温介质动密封试验装置 (A kind of ultralow temperature medium dynamic sealing experimental rig ) 是由 王永青 韩灵生 刘阔 孔繁泽 刘海波 甘涌泉 戴明华 于 2019-08-12 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种超低温介质动密封试验装置,属于密封试验技术领域。该动密封试验装置包括定子组件、转子组件、滑台、伺服电机组件和传感器组件。被测密封件安装在定子内,隔热定子与真空转子配合形成动密封试验结构；密封件与轴套可作灵活更换,便于研究不同密封类型、结构、表面织构对密封特性的影响；伺服电机为转子提供动力并实现转速控制。该装置大幅提升了隔热能力,避免了外界热传输造成的超低温介质蒸发气化,保证了试验装置运行的稳定性,达到了多种密封结构多工况测试的目的,实现了超低温介质动密封特性全面、准确、高效试验测试。(The invention discloses a kind of ultralow temperature medium dynamic sealing experimental rigs, belong to leakage test technical field.The dynamic sealing experimental rig includes stator module, rotor assembly, slide unit, servo motor component and sensor module.Tested sealing element is mounted in stator, and heat-insulated stator and vacuum rotor engagement form dynamic sealing test structure；Sealing element can be replaced flexibly with axle sleeve, the influence convenient for research different sealing type, structure, Surface Texture to sealing characteristics；Servo motor provides power for rotor and realizes revolving speed control.The device greatly improves heat-insulating capability, avoid the evaporation gasification of ultralow temperature medium caused by extraneous Heat transmission, the stability that ensure that experimental rig operation has achieved the purpose that a variety of sealing structure multi-state tests, has realized comprehensive, accurate, the efficient experimental test of ultralow temperature medium dynamic sealing characteristic.)

1. a kind of ultralow temperature medium dynamic sealing experimental rig, which is characterized in that the ultralow temperature medium dynamic sealing experimental rig includes Stator module, rotor assembly, slide unit (5.2), servo motor component and sensor module；The stator module is matched with rotor assembly Conjunction forms dynamic sealing test structure, and servo motor component provides power for rotor assembly, and sensor module is for detecting seal shape State；

The stator module includes vacuum hose (1.1), nut (1.2), metal stator (1.3), collet (1.4), gland (1.6), sunk screw one (1.7), sunk screw two (1.8), static sealing ring (1.9), dynamic seal ring (1.10) and measurement chamber (1.11)；Metal stator (1.3) is the columnar structured of variable diameters, and reduced diameter section manages (1.a) as medium inlet, and metal is fixed End face is provided with displacement sensor mounting hole one (1.c) at the variable diameters of sub (1.3), and the circumferential surface of metal stator (1.3) is provided with Sensor installation port；Vacuum hose (1.1) is connect with the medium inlet of metal stator (1.3) pipe (1.a) by nut (1.2)； Collet (1.4) be it is columnar structured, closed at one end and medium inlet is equipped at center, the closed end of collet (1.4) is non- The center point is provided with displacement sensor mounting hole two (1.d), and collet (1.4) takes interference fit type to be assembled to metal stator (1.3) in, the axis of displacement sensor mounting hole one (1.c) and the axis of displacement sensor mounting hole two (1.d) are overlapped, heat-insulated The medium inlet for covering (1.4) is connected to medium inlet pipe (1.a)；Sealing element (1.5) takes interference fit type to be assembled to metal In stator (1.3)；Collet (1.4) and sealing element (1.5) assemble side by side；Metal stator (1.3), collet (1.4) and sealing The axis of part (1.5) is overlapped；Gland (1.6) is mounted on metal stator by sunk screw one (1.7), sunk screw two (1.8) (1.3) open end, for compressing collet (1.4) and sealing element (1.5), gland is provided with through-hole on (1.6)；Measure chamber (1.11) it is hollow thin walled cylindrical structure, two through-holes of different sizes is had two end faces, respectively correspond gold Belong to the size of stator (1.3) larger diameter end and vacuum rotor (2.1)；It is in place that static sealing ring (1.9) is sticked to metal stator (1.3) institute Corresponding through hole is set, guarantees static seal；Dynamic seal ring (1.10) is sticked to the corresponding through-hole in vacuum rotor (2.1) position Place guarantees dynamic sealing；The measurement chamber (1.11) is fixed on the outside of metal stator (1.3) by compressing static sealing ring (1.9)；

The slide unit (5.2) is mounted on pedestal (5.1) by four bolts one (5.5)；Slide unit (5.2) includes slide (5.3) and threaded rod；Slide (5.3) displacement under the action of threaded rod；Stator module is pacified by support (1.12) It is fixed by four bolts two (5.6) between support (1.12) and slide (5.3) on slide (5.3)；Stator module is with slide (5.3) displacement；

The rotor assembly includes vacuum rotor (2.1), axle sleeve (2.2), screw one (2.3), screw two (2.4), fore bearing (2.5), rear bearing (2.6) and shaft coupling (2.8)；Vacuum rotor (2.1) is the cylindrical hollow configuration for becoming outer diameter, is opened along axis There is rotor internal channel (2.a), is used for flow of media；The vacuum chamber (2.b) of annular is provided with inside the vacuum rotor (2.1), very Cavity (2.b) and vacuum rotor (2.1) coaxially, are used to create adiabatic condition for vacuum rotor (2.1)；In vacuum rotor (2.1) Portion is provided with rotor exit orifice (2.7), and rotor exit orifice (2.7) is connected to rotor internal channel (2.a), is used for discharge medium；Axle sleeve (2.2) For thin walled cylinder body structure closed at one end, closed end is provided with through-hole, which is connected with rotor internal channel (2.a), is used for Flow of media；Axle sleeve (2.2) is sleeved on the outside of the reduced diameter section of vacuum rotor (2.1), axle sleeve (2.2) and vacuum rotor (2.1) Between for interference fit, end by screw one (2.3) and screw two (2.4) fixation；The 1/ of vacuum rotor (2.1) total length Fore bearing (2.5) are installed at 3 and at 2/3 and rear bearing (2.6), fore bearing (2.5) are assemblied in front-end bearing pedestal (5.7)；Rear axle (2.6) are held to be assemblied in rear bearing block (5.8)；Bearing block (5.7) is mounted on pedestal (5.1) by two bolts three (5.9)； Rear bearing block (5.8) is mounted on pedestal (5.1) by two bolts four (5.10)；Fore bearing (2.5) and rear bearing (2.6) are same Axis；The axis of vacuum rotor (2.1) is overlapped with the axis of metal stator (1.3)；

The stator module makes axle sleeve (2.2) to pass through measurement chamber (1.11) and gland (1.6) under the promotion of slide unit (5.2) It is internal into metal stator (1.3), it is sleeved on stator module on the outside of rotor assembly；The stator of the medium inlet pipe (1.a) Internal channel (1.b), the medium inlet of collet (1.4), the through-hole of axle sleeve (2.2) and rotor internal channel (2.a) collectively constitute Jie The circulation passage of matter；By dynamic seal ring (1.10) dynamic sealing between the measurement chamber (1.11) and rotor assembly；

The servo motor component includes motor (3.1), servo-driver (3.2) and cable (3.3)；Motor (3.1) passes through Shaft coupling (2.8) and vacuum rotor (2.1) are direct-connected, and guarantee that the two is coaxial；Motor (3.1) passes through with servo-driver (3.2) Cable (3.3) is connected, and is used for transmission signal, realizes motor control；Motor (3.1) is mounted on electricity by four bolts seven (5.15) On machine support (5.13)；Electric machine support (5.13) is mounted on motor cabinet (5.11) by four bolts six (5.14)；Motor cabinet (5.11) it is mounted on pedestal (5.1) by four bolts five (5.12)；

The temperature sensor one (4.2) is mounted on metal stator (1.3) outside, region corresponding with collet (1.4), is used for Measure the temperature of metal stator (1.3) outer surface；Temperature sensor two (4.3) is mounted on the outside of metal stator (1.3), with it is heat-insulated (1.4) corresponding region is covered, the mounting hole of temperature sensor two (4.3) is blind hole, and the blind via bottom and metal stator (1.3) are interior The distance on surface is 0.5mm, for measuring the temperature apart from metal stator (1.3) inner surface；Temperature sensor three (4.4) installation On the outside of metal stator (1.3), region corresponding with collet (1.4), for measuring the temperature of collet (1.4) outer surface； Temperature sensor four (4.5) is mounted on metal stator (1.3) outside, region corresponding with collet (1.4), and is inserted into collet (1.4) in, for measuring the temperature of collet (1.4) outer surface；Temperature sensor five (4.6) is mounted on metal stator (1.3) Outside, region corresponding with collet (1.4), and collet (1.4) are passed through, for measuring the temperature for sealing preceding ultralow temperature medium Degree；Temperature sensor six (4.7), temperature sensor seven (4.8), temperature sensor eight (4.9), temperature sensor nine (4.10), Temperature sensor ten (4.11), temperature sensor 11 (4.12) and temperature sensor 12 (4.13) pass through metal stator (1.3) installing port is mounted on the outside of sealing element (1.5), and passes through sealing element (1.5), ultralow at different location for measuring The temperature variations of warm medium；Pressure sensor one (4.14), pressure sensor two (4.15), pressure sensor three (4.16), pressure sensor four (4.17), pressure sensor five (4.18), pressure sensor six (4.19) and pressure sensor seven (4.20) installing port across metal stator (1.3) is mounted on the outside of sealing element (1.5), and passes through sealing element (1.5), for surveying Measure the pressure changing of the ultralow temperature medium at different location；The seam of the installation point of each temperature sensor and pressure sensor Gap is all shut with binder, prevents from revealing；Gas concentration sensor (4.21) is mounted on the end face of measurement chamber (1.11), gas The measurement point of concentration sensor (4.21) passes through measurement chamber (1.11) and is located at measurement chamber (1.11) inside, for realizing ultralow temperature Jie The real-time measurement of matter leakage rate；Power sensor (4.22) is mounted on servo-driver (3.2), for measuring motor (3.1) Bearing power；

When carrying out ultralow temperature medium dynamic sealing testing experiment, ultralow temperature medium is managed from vacuum hose (1.1) into medium inlet (1.a), medium are sprayed by stator internal channel (1.b) and rotor internal channel (2.a) from rotor exit orifice (2.7)；Small part medium Entered in leakage chamber (1.e) by the gap of collet (1.4) and axle sleeve (2.2) end face, leaks to survey after sealed part (1.5) It measures in chamber (1.11)；The concentration of measurement chamber (1.11) interior gas is measured by gas concentration sensor (4.21) to determine sealing element (1.5) sealing performance.

Technical field

The invention belongs to leakage test technical fields, and in particular to a kind of ultralow temperature medium dynamic sealing experimental rig.

Background technique

In recent years, the ultralow temperature medium such as liquid hydrogen, liquid oxygen, liquid nitrogen is widely used in the supply of airspace engine fuel, ultralow temperature The fields such as cooling processing, low temperature Minimally Invasive Surgery.Wherein, the ultralow warm working master of liquid-propellant rocket engine turbine pump, liquid nitrogen internal combustion The critical components such as the ultralow warm working knife handle of axis, hollow delivery formula all refer to ultralow temperature medium dynamic sealing technology.

Reliable sealing is the key that guarantee above-mentioned piece safety, efficient, stable operation.Studies have shown that sealing problem causes Failure account for about the 12.5% of rocket engine total failare, leakage causes fuel consumption to increase by 3%~10%；Liquid nitrogen leakage causes There is cooperation, lubrication, rotation failure, while the serious stability for destroying liquid nitrogen transmission in ultralow temperature machining spindle and knife handle, in turn The continual and steady jet stream of point of a knife is not can guarantee.Therefore, reasonable sealing structure is designed, it is most important to obtain excellent sealing performance. The low-temperature characteristics of ultralow temperature medium easily leads to seal test device malformation, precision is lost, or even lets out in intermediate link generation The problems such as leakage；Ultralow temperature medium easily gasifies simultaneously, its leakage rate is caused to be difficult with Conventional meters measurement.The above problem pair The heat-insulating capability of ultralow temperature medium dynamic sealing experimental rig, structural stability, sensor lower temperature resistance, metrical information obtain and essence Degree guarantee etc. proposes very high requirement.

Currently, mechanism is directed to ultralow temperature medium both at home and abroad, a variety of dynamic sealing experimental rigs are developed.2018, Zhang Guoyuan Publishing an article in " aviation power journal " the 5th phase of volume 33, " high-speed low temperature is association of activity and inertia the optimization of type mechanical seal structure and operating Test " in describe a kind of mechanical seal test device, the sealed structure of liquid nitrogen stream, measures between seal face in the device Frictional force and leakage rate, learn the contact condition and sealing performance of sealing surface, but Fluid pressure and temperature in failing to be sealed Changing rule.2018, Beijing Aerospace Driving Force Institute disclosed a kind of " liquid in patent of invention 201810352843.6 Rocket engine turbopump low-temperature and high-speed end face seal experimental rig ", the working environment of the unit simulation turbine pump ensure that Enough operating accuracies and low-temperature stability can measure pressure, temperature, leakage rate, rotor speed and the system power of liquid nitrogen, but The heat-insulating problem inside experimental rig is not considered, does not specify the specific measurement method of leakage rate yet.

The studies above fails to reflect that sealing structure to the affecting laws of ultralow temperature medium-tight characteristic, does not fill test comprehensively The region contacted in setting with fluid is thermally insulated, the measurement of leakage rate after not yet explicitly leakage or ultralow temperature medium gasify a little Method, while the research of seal type is had some limitations.

Summary of the invention

The present invention is difficult to realize ultralow temperature medium dynamic sealing at many levels, in high precision for experimental rig exists in the prior art The problem of test, the invention proposes a kind of ultralow temperature medium dynamic sealing experimental rigs.The dynamic sealing experimental rig uses vacuum Rotor and heat-insulated stator, the ultralow temperature medium gasification for preventing external heat input from causing to the maximum extent；Installation is resistance to super in device Pressure, temperature, displacement, gas concentration and the power of motor sensor of low temperature, obtain comprehensive sealing performance characterize data；Dress Set that structure adaptability is strong, it is achievable to labyrinth, the experimental study of brush, honeycomb, a variety of radial seals such as lip packing；It is logical Replacement Rotor terminal axle sleeve is crossed, the influence of seal clearance and Surface Texture to sealing performance is studied；It is tried using Serve Motor Control Revolving speed is tested, realizes the sealing test under the conditions of multi-state.

To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that:

A kind of ultralow temperature medium dynamic sealing experimental rig, which is characterized in that the ultralow temperature medium dynamic sealing experimental rig packet Include stator module, rotor assembly, slide unit 5.2, servo motor component and sensor module；The stator module is matched with rotor assembly Conjunction forms dynamic sealing test structure, and servo motor component provides power for rotor assembly, and sensor module is for detecting seal shape State；

The stator module include vacuum hose 1.1, nut 1.2, metal stator 1.3, collet 1.4, gland 1.6, Sunk screw 1, sunk screw 2 1.8, static sealing ring 1.9, dynamic seal ring 1.10 and measurement chamber 1.11；Metal stator 1.3 For the columnar structured of variable diameters, reduced diameter section is as medium inlet pipe 1.a, and end face is opened at the variable diameters of metal stator 1.3 There is one 1.c of displacement sensor mounting hole, the circumferential surface of metal stator 1.3 is provided with sensor installation port；Vacuum hose 1.1 and gold The medium inlet pipe 1.a for belonging to stator 1.3 is connected by nut 1.2；Collet 1.4 be it is columnar structured, it is closed at one end and in Medium inlet is equipped at the heart, the non-the center point in the closed end of collet 1.4 is provided with two 1.d of displacement sensor mounting hole, collet 1.4 Interference fit type is taken to be assembled in metal stator 1.3, axis and the displacement sensor peace of one 1.c of displacement sensor mounting hole The axis for filling two 1.d of hole is overlapped, and the medium inlet of collet 1.4 is connected to medium inlet pipe 1.a；Sealing element 1.5 takes interference Fit system is assembled in metal stator 1.3；Collet 1.4 and sealing element 1.5 assemble side by side；Metal stator 1.3, collet 1.4 and sealing element 1.5 axis be overlapped；Gland 1.6 is mounted on metal stator by sunk screw 1, sunk screw 2 1.8 1.3 open end is provided with through-hole on gland 1.6 for compressing collet 1.4 and sealing element 1.5；It is hollow for measuring chamber 1.11 Thin walled cylindrical structure has two through-holes of different sizes two end faces, respectively corresponds 1.3 major diameter of metal stator The outer diameter at end and vacuum rotor 2.1；Static sealing ring 1.9 is sticked to the corresponding through hole in 1.3 position of metal stator, guarantees Static seal；Dynamic seal ring 1.10 is sticked to the corresponding through hole in 2.1 position of vacuum rotor, guarantees dynamic sealing；The measurement chamber 1.11 are fixed on 1.3 outside of metal stator by compressing static sealing ring 1.9；

The slide unit 5.2 is mounted on pedestal 5.1 by four bolts 1；Slide unit 5.2 includes slide 5.3 and spiral shell Rasp bar；The slide 5.3 displacement under the action of threaded rod；Stator module is mounted on slide 5.3 by support 1.12, It is fixed by four bolts 2 5.6 between support 1.12 and slide 5.3；Stator module is with 5.3 displacement of slide；

The rotor assembly include vacuum rotor 2.1, axle sleeve 2.2, screw 1, screw 2 2.4, fore bearing 2.5, Rear bearing 2.6 and shaft coupling 2.8；Vacuum rotor 2.1 is the cylindrical hollow configuration for becoming outer diameter, is provided with rotor internal channel along axis 2.a is used for flow of media；The vacuum chamber 2.b of annular, vacuum chamber 2.b and vacuum rotor are provided with inside the vacuum rotor 2.1 2.1 is coaxial, for creating adiabatic condition for vacuum rotor 2.1；Rotor exit orifice 2.7, rotor exit orifice are provided in the middle part of vacuum rotor 2.1 2.7 are connected to rotor internal channel 2.a, are used for discharge medium；Axle sleeve 2.2 is thin walled cylinder body structure closed at one end, closed end It is provided with through-hole, which is connected with rotor internal channel 2.a, is used for flow of media；Axle sleeve 2.2 is sleeved on vacuum rotor 2.1 It is interference fit between axle sleeve 2.2 and vacuum rotor 2.1, end passes through screw 1 and screw 2 2.4 on the outside of reduced diameter section It is fixed；Fore bearing 2.5 and rear bearing 2.6 are installed, fore bearing 2.5 assembles at the 1/3 of 2.1 total length of vacuum rotor and at 2/3 In front-end bearing pedestal 5.7；Rear bearing 2.6 is assemblied in rear bearing block 5.8；Bearing block 5.7 is mounted on by two bolts 3 5.9 On pedestal 5.1；Rear bearing block 5.8 is mounted on pedestal 5.1 by two bolts 4 5.10；Fore bearing 2.5 and rear bearing 2.6 are same Axis；The axis of vacuum rotor 2.1 is overlapped with the axis of metal stator 1.3；

The stator module makes axle sleeve 2.2 pass through measurement chamber 1.11 and the entrance of gland 1.6 under the promotion of slide unit 5.2 Inside metal stator 1.3, it is sleeved on stator module on the outside of rotor assembly；The stator internal channel of the medium inlet pipe 1.a 1.b, the medium inlet of collet 1.4, the through-hole of axle sleeve 2.2 and rotor internal channel 2.a collectively constitute the circulation passage of medium；Institute It states between measurement chamber 1.11 and rotor assembly by 1.10 dynamic sealing of dynamic seal ring；

The servo motor component includes motor 3.1, servo-driver 3.2 and cable 3.3；Motor 3.1 passes through shaft coupling Device 2.8 and vacuum rotor 2.1 are direct-connected, and guarantee that the two is coaxial；Motor 3.1 is connected with servo-driver 3.2 by cable 3.3, It is used for transmission signal, realizes motor control；Motor 3.1 is mounted on electric machine support 5.13 by four bolts 7 5.15；Motor Bracket 5.13 is mounted on motor cabinet 5.11 by four bolts 6 5.14；Motor cabinet 5.11 is installed by four bolts 5 5.12 On pedestal 5.1；

The sensor module includes low temperature resistant displacement sensor 4.1, temperature sensor 1, temperature sensor 2 4.3, temperature sensor 3 4.4, temperature sensor 4 4.5, temperature sensor 5 4.6, temperature sensor 6 4.7, temperature pass Sensor 7 4.8, temperature sensor 8 4.9, temperature sensor 9 4.10, temperature sensor 10, temperature sensor 11 4.12, temperature sensor 12, pressure sensor 1, pressure sensor 2 4.15, pressure sensor 3 4.16, pressure Force snesor 4 4.17, pressure sensor 5 4.18, pressure sensor 6 4.19, pressure sensor 7 4.20, gas concentration pass Sensor 4.21 and power sensor 4.22；Displacement sensor 4.1 is mounted on one 1.c of displacement sensor mounting hole and displacement sensor In two 1.d of mounting hole, for measuring the axial deformation of vacuum rotor 2.1 under ultralow temperature, displacement sensor 4.1 and displacement sensor Gap between one 1.c of mounting hole, two 1.d of displacement sensor mounting hole is shut with binder, prevents ultralow temperature dielectric leakage；It is described Temperature sensor 1 is mounted on 1.3 outside of metal stator in one 4.a of installation point, for measuring 1.3 outer surface of metal stator Temperature；Temperature sensor 2 4.3 is mounted on 1.3 outside of metal stator, the installation of temperature sensor 2 4.3 in two 4.b of installation point Hole is blind hole, which is 0.5mm at a distance from 1.3 inner surface of metal stator, for measuring 1.3 inner surface of metal stator Temperature；Temperature sensor 3 4.4 is mounted on 1.3 outside of metal stator in three 4.c of installation point, and is inserted into collet 1.4, temperature The mounting hole for spending sensor 3 4.4 is blind hole, which is 0.5mm at a distance from 1.4 outer surface of collet, for measuring The temperature of 1.4 outer surface of collet；Temperature sensor 4 4.5 is mounted on 1.3 outside of metal stator in four 4.d of installation point, and inserts Enter in collet 1.4, the mounting hole of temperature sensor 4 4.5 is blind hole, and the blind via bottom is at a distance from 1.4 inner surface of collet For 0.5mm, for measuring the temperature of 1.4 inner surface of collet；Temperature sensor 5 4.6 is mounted on metal in five 4.e of installation point 1.3 outside of stator, and collet 1.4 is passed through, for measuring the temperature for sealing preceding ultralow temperature medium；In the biography of metal stator 1.3 In sensor installing port, temperature sensor 6 4.7, temperature sensor 7 4.8, temperature sensor 8 4.9, temperature sensor nine 4.10, temperature sensor 10, temperature sensor 11 and temperature sensor 12 are respectively at installation point six 4.f, seven 4.g of installation point, eight 4.h of installation point, nine 4.i of installation point, ten 4.j of installation point, 11 4.k of installation point and installation point 12 4.l is mounted on 1.5 outside of sealing element, and passes through sealing element 1.5, for measuring the temperature change of ultralow temperature medium at different location Situation；In the sensor installation port of metal stator 1.3, pressure sensor 1, pressure sensor 2 4.15, pressure sensing Device 3 4.16, pressure sensor 4 4.17, pressure sensor 5 4.18, pressure sensor 6 4.19 and pressure sensor 7 4.20 Respectively at 13 4.m of installation point, 14 4.n of installation point, 15 4.o of installation point, 16 4.p of installation point, 17 4.q of installation point, 18 4.r of installation point and 19 4.s of installation point is mounted on 1.5 outside of sealing element, and passes through sealing element 1.5, for measuring difference The pressure changing of ultralow temperature medium at position；Use viscous in the gap of the installation point of each temperature sensor and pressure sensor Knot agent is shut, and prevents from leaking；Gas concentration sensor 4.21 is mounted on the end face of measurement chamber 1.11, gas concentration sensor 4.21 measuring surface passes through measurement chamber 1.11 and is located inside measurement chamber 1.11, for realizing the real-time survey of ultralow temperature dielectric leakage amount Amount；Power sensor 4.22 is mounted on servo-driver 3.2, for measuring the bearing power of motor 3.1；

When carrying out ultralow temperature medium dynamic sealing testing experiment, ultralow temperature medium enters medium inlet from vacuum hose 1.1 and manages 1.a, medium are sprayed by stator internal channel 1.b and rotor internal channel 2.a from rotor exit orifice 2.7；Small part medium passes through heat-insulated Set 1.4 and the gap of 2.2 end face of axle sleeve enter in leakage chamber 1.e, are leaked in measurement chamber 1.11 after sealed part 1.5；Pass through The measurement of gas concentration sensor 4.21 measures the concentration of gas in chamber 1.11 to determine the sealing performance of sealing element 1.5.

The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows using vacuum rotor and lower thermal conductivity stator structure, be substantially improved experimental rig every Thermal energy power avoids the evaporation of ultralow temperature medium caused by extraneous Heat transmission, does to eliminate Evaporation Phenomenon to cavitation result It disturbs；The sensor of characterization sealing state is complete in experimental rig, ensure that the comprehensive of seal feature parameter measurement；Sealing Part can be replaced flexibly with axle sleeve, be conducive to study different sealing structures under the premise of not reforming test device； The structure design that metal stator circumferential surface locally hollows out, convenient for adjusting the installation site of sensor because of sealing element replacement；Consider And the characteristic easily to gasify under ultralow temperature medium indoor temp normal pressure, leakage rate is measured using gas concentration sensor, principle it is simple and Measurement accuracy is high；Using Serve Motor Control spinner velocity, the test measurement of multi-state and start and stop moment sealing characteristics is realized.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of ultralow temperature medium dynamic sealing experimental rig；

Fig. 2 is sensor layout schematic diagram in stator and sealing element；

Fig. 3 is sealing test structural schematic diagram.

In figure: 1.1- vacuum hose；1.2- nut；1.3- metal stator；1.4- collet；1.5- sealing element；1.6- pressure Lid；1.7- sunk screw one；1.8- sunk screw two；1.9- static sealing ring；1.10- dynamic seal ring；1.11- measuring chamber；1.12- Support；The medium inlet 1.a- pipe；1.b- stator internal channel；1.c- displacement sensor mounting hole one；The installation of 1.d- displacement sensor Hole two；1.e- leakage chamber；2.1- vacuum rotor；2.2- axle sleeve；2.3- screw one；2.4- screw two；2.5- fore bearing；After 2.6- Bearing；2.7- rotor exit orifice；2.8- shaft coupling；2.a- rotor internal channel；2.b- vacuum chamber；3.1- motor；3.2- servo-drive Device；3.3- cable；4.1- displacement sensor；4.2- temperature sensor one；4.3- temperature sensor two；4.4- temperature sensor Three；4.5- temperature sensor four；4.6- temperature sensor five；4.7- temperature sensor six；4.8- temperature sensor seven；4.9- warm Spend sensor eight；4.10- temperature sensor nine；4.11- temperature sensor ten；4.12- temperature sensor 11；4.13- temperature Sensor 12；4.14- pressure sensor one；4.15- pressure sensor two；4.16- pressure sensor three；4.17- pressure passes Sensor four；4.18- pressure sensor five；4.19- pressure sensor six；4.20- pressure sensor seven；4.21- gas concentration passes Sensor；4.22- power sensor；4.a- installation point one；4.b- installation point two；4.c- installation point three；4.d- installation point four；4.e- Installation point five；4.f- installation point six；4.g- installation point seven；4.h- installation point eight；4.i- installation point nine；4.j- installation point ten； 4.k- installation point 11；4.l- installation point 12；4.m- installation point 13；4.n- installation point 14；4.o- installation point 15； 4.p- installation point 16；4.q- installation point 17；4.r- installation point 18；4.s- installation point 19；5.1- pedestal；5.2- sliding Platform；5.3- slide；5.4- graduated scale；5.5- bolt one；5.6- bolt two；5.7- front-end bearing pedestal；5.8- rear bearing block；5.9- spiral shell Bolt three；5.10- bolt four；5.11- motor cabinet；5.12- bolt five；5.13- electric machine support；5.14- bolt six；5.15- bolt Seven.

Specific embodiment

With reference to the accompanying drawing with the technical solution specific embodiment that the present invention will be described in detail:

In the present embodiment, ultralow temperature medium is liquid nitrogen, and temperature is lower than -180 DEG C, supply pressure 0.5MPa；Metal stator 1.3 materials are 316L stainless steel, and a height of 66mm of installing port, the width for sensor installation are 1/3 circumference；2.2 material of axle sleeve is Hard alloy, outer diameter 30mm, hardness 55HRC, roughness is Ra0.5 after fine grinding；The support components material such as pedestal 5.1 is 45 steel；The material for measuring chamber 1.11 is acrylic；The material of static sealing ring 1.9 and dynamic seal ring 1.10 is fluorubber, work temperature Spend range -20~280 DEG C；Fore bearing 2.5 and rear bearing 2.6 are NSK angular contact ball bearing, internal diameter 35mm；Vacuum chamber 2.b's Thermal conductivity is 0；The material of collet 1.4 be polyimides, thermal coefficient be 0.29W/ (mK), linear expansion coefficient be 2 × 10^-5/℃；The sealing element 1.5 of leakproofness to be tested is labyrinth seal in embodiment, and material is polyimides, structural parameters It include: internal diameter 30.2mm, outer diameter 55mm, the number of teeth 6, the high 5mm of tooth, tooth pitch 5.8mm, the wide 0.8mm of tooth tip, 80 ° of top rake, back rake angle 60°；4.1 range of displacement sensor is 0.5~1.5mm, and resolution ratio 0.001mm, outer dimension is 6 × 10mm of Φ；All temperature Spending transducer range is -220~100 DEG C；All pressure sensor ranges are 0.1~1.6MPa, precision 0.5%FS；Thermometric The diameter of hole and pressure tap is 1mm；Gas concentration sensor 4.21 uses nitrogen gas concn sensor in embodiment, and resolution ratio is 0.01%VOL；4.22 precision of power sensor is 0.2%FS；The sensor can work normally in -200 DEG C of environment, defeated It is out 4~20mA signal；3.1 maximum speed of motor is 12000rpm；Servo-driver 3.2 can realize motor start and stop, positive and negative Turn control and stepless time adjustment；The maximum moving range of slide unit 5.2 is 274mm, minimum resolution 0.01mm；5.4 amount of graduated scale Journey is 300mm, resolution ratio 0.5mm.

Ultralow temperature medium dynamic sealing experimental rig installation process is as follows: as shown in attached drawing 1,2,3, the first step is by design processing Thermometer hole and pressure tap, successively by collet 1.4 and sealing element 1.5 by guaranteeing in interference fit to metal stator 1.3 Measured hole is compressed hot jacket 1.4 and sealing element 1.5 with gland 1.6 to just, and uses sunk screw 1, sunk screw two 1.8 fasten gland 1.6 and metal stator 1.3；Metal stator 1.3 is fixed on by four bolts 2 5.6 again and is placed in bottom On slide unit 5.2 on seat 5.1；Then static sealing ring 1.9 and dynamic seal ring 1.10 are sticked to the two of measurement chamber 1.11 with binder In the inner hole groove of side, static sealing ring 1.9 is fixed on 1.3 right end circumferential surface of metal stator by being interference fitted, distance is right End face 15mm, and guarantee without relative rotation；

Front-end bearing pedestal 5.7, rear bearing block 5.8, motor cabinet 5.11, servo-driver 3.2 are sequentially arranged at bottom by second step On seat 5.1, motor 3.1 and servo-driver 3.2 are connected by cable 3.3；Axle sleeve 2.2 is mounted on using compared with slight interference amount again 2.1 left end of vacuum rotor, and fastened in contact face with screw 1, screw 2 2.4；

Vacuum rotor 2.1 is placed in the inner hole of front-end bearing pedestal 5.7 and rear bearing block 5.8 by third step, and by fore bearing 2.5 are respectively assembled in the corresponding mating surface of vacuum rotor 2.1, front-end bearing pedestal 5.7, rear bearing block 5.8 with rear bearing 2.6, Front and back bearings and the concentricity of stator are asked to reach 5 μm；Electric machine support 5.13 is sequentially mounted on motor cabinet 5.11, motor later 3.1 are mounted on electric machine support 5.13；Motor 3.1 and vacuum rotor 2.1 are connected using shaft coupling 2.8, and guarantee that the two is coaxial Degree is 5 μm；

Displacement sensor 4.1 is mounted on one 1.c of displacement sensor mounting hole and displacement sensor mounting hole two by the 4th step In 1.d, guarantee that its measuring surface is concordant with 1.4 inner side end of collet, and gap is shut with binder；By temperature sensor 4.2~4.13 are sequentially loaded into the thermometer hole of metal stator 1.3, collet 1.4, sealing element 1.5, are sealed gap with binder Extremely；Pressure sensor 4.14~4.20 is sequentially loaded into sealing element 1.5 and is located at same circumference with temperature sensor 4.7~4.13 Pressure tap in, gap is shut with binder；Gas concentration sensor 4.21 is mounted in measurement chamber 1.11, at measuring surface Inside measurement chamber 1.11, gap is shut with binder；Power sensor 4.22 is mounted on servo-driver 3.2；

When carrying out ultralow temperature medium dynamic sealing testing experiment, nut 1.2 is first passed through by vacuum hose 1.1 and metal stator 1.3 medium inlet pipe 1.a connection；Then slide unit 5.2 is shaken, it will be in the left end insertion metal stator 1.3 of vacuum rotor 2.1 Kong Zhong reads moving distance by the graduated scale 5.4 on slide unit 5.2, until axle sleeve 2.2 is reached with 1.4 end clearance value of collet To 1mm, slide unit 5.2 is locked later, while guaranteeing dynamic seal ring 1.10 and the slightly interference of 2.1 outer surface of vacuum rotor and can be with It relatively rotates；Revolving speed setting is completed by servo-driver 3.2, and starts motor 3.1；Ultralow temperature medium is from vacuum hose 1.1 Into medium inlet pipe 1.a, medium is sprayed by stator internal channel 1.b and rotor internal channel 2.a from rotor exit orifice 2.7；Few portion Divide medium to enter leakage chamber 1.e by collet 1.4 and 2.2 end clearance of axle sleeve, is leaked after the sealing function of sealed part 1.5 Into measurement chamber 1.11；At this point, by displacement sensor 4.1, temperature sensor 4.2~4.13, pressure sensor 4.14~ 4.20, gas concentration sensor 4.21, power sensor 4.22 obtain rotor axial low-temperature deformation amount, stator in seal process With liquid nitrogen medium temperature field, liquid nitrogen medium pressure field, liquid nitrogen leakage rate and motor load power, the sealing of the sealing structure is completed Characteristic test experimental study.

Invention herein effectively simulates the near adiabatic environment in practical engineering application, so that the gasification of ultralow temperature medium comes Source eliminates closer to truth and evaporates mass transfer in dynamic sealing research to the interference effect of cavitation mass transfer；Design on thermal insulation is advantageous In the low-temperature deformation for reducing structure, the stability of experimental rig operation ensure that；Seal type and structure replacement are convenient, reach Without changing experimental rig it can test the purpose of a variety of sealing structures；Multisensor Rational choice and arrangement, realize super Comprehensive, accurate, the efficient experimental test of cryogenic media dynamic sealing characteristic.