阅读说明：本技术 一种黑棉土电渗试验装置及试验方法 (A kind of black cotton regur soil electric osmose experimental rig and test method ) 是由 程永振 陈亚东 高延安 孙华圣 张继华 刘宇翼 于 2019-08-23 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种黑棉土电渗试验装置及试验方法,所述试验装置包括盛土箱、阳极箱、阴极箱和电源；所述试验方法包括：(a)将黑棉土配料、焖料后计算所需土样,压缩土样至设定高度；(b)分别将电渗液和水注入阳极箱和阴极箱,保持液面与土样顶面齐平；(c)阳极箱放入第一石墨电极,阴极箱放入第二石墨电极,接通电源电渗；(d)关闭电源,压缩土样至设定高度；(e)注水入阳极箱和阴极箱,液面与土样顶面保持齐平,间隔侧记千分表读数,直至土样不再膨胀；(f)将土样压缩至设定高度,获取膨胀力。本发明的装置可有效获取不同浓度阳离子溶液电渗处治后的黑棉土,结合膨胀率和膨胀力对电渗处治效果进行评价；操作简单,易于实现。(The invention discloses a kind of black cotton regur soil electric osmose experimental rig and test method, the experimental rig includes containing native case, anode box, cathode section and power supply；The test method includes: soil sample needed for (a) will be calculated after black cotton regur soil ingredient, stewing material, compression soil sample to setting height；(b) liquid level is kept to flush with soil sample top surface electric osmose liquid and water injection anode box and cathode section respectively；(c) anode box is put into the first graphite electrode, and cathode section is put into the second graphite electrode, powers on electric osmose；(d) power supply, compression soil sample to setting height are closed；(e) it fills the water into anode box and cathode section, liquid level keeps flushing with soil sample top surface, interval sidelights amesdial reading, until soil sample not reflation；(f) soil sample is compressed to setting height, obtains expansive force.The device of the invention can effectively obtain the black cotton regur soil after the punishment of various concentration cationic solution electric osmose, evaluate in conjunction with expansion rate and expansive force electric osmose punishment effect；It is easy to operate, it is easy to accomplish.)

1. a kind of black cotton regur soil electric osmose experimental rig, it is characterised in that: including the sun contained native case (6), be set to native case (6) two sides of Sheng Pole case (5) and cathode section (8), power supply (15)；The native case (6) of the Sheng is cylindrical and hole, the Sheng is arranged in sidewall spacers Soil sample (7) are placed in native case (6), are placed with load plate (12) on the soil sample (7), the piston centre of the load plate (12) is logical It crosses load bar (13) and is connected with amesdial (14)；

Anode box (5) bottom is connected with solution tank (1) by the first pipeline (2), is placed with electric osmose in the solution tank (1) Liquid is provided with the first tongs (3) on first pipeline (2)；Cathode section (8) bottom is connected by the second pipeline (10) Have sink (11), is provided with the second tongs (16) on second pipeline (10)；

Anode box (5) side wall is placed with the first graphite electrode (4), and cathode section (8) side wall is placed with the second graphite electricity Pole (9), the first graphite electrode (4) connection power supply (15) anode, the second graphite electrode (9) connection power supply (15) are negative Pole.

2. a kind of black cotton regur soil electric osmose experimental rig according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the cation of the electric osmose liquid For Ca²⁺And K⁺。

3. a kind of black cotton regur soil electric osmose experimental rig according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the electric osmose liquid is selected from CaCl₂ With the mixed solution or Ca (OH) of KCl₂With the mixed solution of KOH.

4. a kind of black cotton regur soil electric osmose experimental rig according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the Ca²⁺And K⁺Concentration It is 0.5%~1.0%.

5. a kind of black cotton regur soil electric osmose experimental rig according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the power supply (15) is direct current Power supply.

6. a kind of test method using black cotton regur soil electric osmose experimental rig described in claim 1, which is characterized in that including following Step:

(a) black cotton regur soil is sieved, determining optimum moisture content, ingredient calculates required soil sample (7) after boiling in a covered pot over a slow fire material, and soil sample (7) are packed into Native case (6) is contained, load plate (12) compression soil sample (7) to setting height is used；

(b) the first tongs (3) and the second tongs (16) are opened, respectively by electric osmose liquid and water injection anode box (5) and cathode Case (8) keeps liquid level to flush with soil sample top surface；

(c) it is put into the first graphite electrode (4) connection power supply (15) anode in anode box (5), cathode section (8) is put into the second graphite electricity Pole (9) connects power supply (15) cathode, powers on (15), carries out electric osmose；

(d) power supply (15) are closed, removes the first pipeline (2) and the second pipeline (10), electric osmose liquid and water overflow is made to go out anode box (5) With cathode section (8), load plate (12) compression soil sample (7) to setting height is used；

(e) piston centre for being directed at load plate (12) installs amesdial (14), and records reading；The first pipeline (2) are installed again With the second pipeline (10), the first tongs (3) and the second tongs (16) are closed；Then it fills the water into anode box (5) and cathode section (8), liquid level keeps flushing with soil sample (7) top surface, writes down beginning water injection time, interval sidelights amesdial reading, until soil sample is not Until reflation；

(f) pressure is applied to soil sample (7) by load plate (12), until soil sample (7) are compressed into setting height, obtains black cotton regur soil Expansive force.

7. a kind of black cotton regur soil electric osmose test method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: step (c) the electric osmose mistake Anode box (5) and electric osmose liquid and water in cathode section (8) are regularly replaced in journey.

8. a kind of black cotton regur soil electric osmose test method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: basis in the step (e) The reading of amesdial (14) determines height and former height after soil sample (7) expansion, after the two ratio determines that black cotton regur soil expansion is stablized Expansion rate.

Technical field

The present invention relates to black cotton regur soil Treatment Methods fields, and in particular to a kind of black cotton regur soil electric osmose experimental rig and test side Method.

Background technique

Black cotton regur soil is made of swelling wall rock montmorillonite, illite etc., has swell-shrink characteristic, overconsolidation, more The special cohesive soil of one kind of fissurity and strength retrogression's characteristic.Black cotton regur soil water suction volume increases and generates expansion, can make to build Road or other buildings on soil matrix generate the deformation failures such as protuberance.If the soil body is in water swelling by external constraint Limitation, prevent its expansion, then generate a kind of internal stress, as expansive force or the bulbs of pressure in soil at this time.It is inhaled with the soil body If water expansion is on the contrary, soil body dehydration, volume generate contractions therewith reducing, and adjoint soil-body landslide.

Since black cotton regur soil is considered as a kind of strong swelling soil, it is possible to explain black cotton regur soil with the bulge theory of swelled ground Swell-shrinking deformation mechanism.Mechanism of intumescence mainly has lattice extension theoretical and double electrode layer theory.It is taken off since black cotton regur soil contains more illiteracy Stone ore object, montmorillonite have apparent expanding crystal lattices, are connected between lattice by the very weak weak bond of coupling force, polar water molecules are held very much It easily enters between lattice, causes lattice dilatation.Since the silicon ion of intracell has been replaced by aluminium ion, and aluminium ion is easy Replaced by magnesium, iron ion, these substitution after ion be easy to oxonium ion formed the weaker ionic bond of coupling force, polar water molecules easily into Enter between crystal layer and form electric double layer, crystal layer is caused to expand.

Black cotton regur soil problem can be controlled by following engineering measure:

(1) change the physico mechanical characteristic of black cotton regur soil by chemistry punishment；

(2) black cotton regur soil is isolated to prevent water-cut variation in soil by antiseepage film；

(3) soil stabilization (fiber) is with the expansive force that contends with；

(4) using non-black cotton regur soil (CNS) layer of viscosity of suitable thickness between black cotton regur soil and structure, when black cotton regur soil is thick under structure Degree is reduced, and expansion rate is reduced therewith.

Common black cotton regur soil Treatment Methods change for black cotton regur soil ground to be filled out, inorganic binder improvement, Gao Ludi black cotton regur soil bound edge Punishment.Conventional method punishment black cotton regur soil can obtain preferable punishment effect.But traditional inorganic binder punishment needs scene Soil is taken to be mixed, complex process, and need a large amount of mechanical and manpower.Such issues that electro-osmosis method can well solve, electricity Infiltration method is easy for construction, and mechanical equipment has the advantages that processing area is big using less.But still lacks electro-osmosis method at present and punish black cotton The correlation test device and test method of soil.

Summary of the invention

Goal of the invention: the present invention proposes a kind of black cotton regur soil electric osmose experimental rig, is able to solve black cotton regur soil and is punished using electric osmose When stablizing effect evaluation problem.

It is another object of the present invention to propose a kind of test method based on above-mentioned black cotton regur soil electric osmose experimental rig.

Technical solution: a kind of black cotton regur soil electric osmose experimental rig of the invention, including a kind of black cotton regur soil electric osmose experimental rig, packet It includes and contains native case, is set to the anode box and cathode section, power supply for containing native case two sides；The native case of the Sheng is cylindrical and sidewall spacers are set It is equipped with hole, soil sample is placed in the native case of the Sheng, is placed with load plate in the soil sample, the piston centre of the load plate passes through Load bar is connected with amesdial；There is solution tank in the anode box bottom by the first piping connection, is placed in the solution tank Electric osmose liquid is provided with the first tongs on first pipeline；There is sink in the cathode section bottom by the second piping connection, institute It states and is provided with the second tongs on the second pipeline；The anode box side wall is placed with the first graphite electrode, the cathode section side wall It is placed with the second graphite electrode, first graphite electrode connects positive pole, and second graphite electrode connects power cathode.

Wherein, the cation of the electric osmose liquid is Ca²⁺And K⁺；Further, the electric osmose liquid is selected from CaCl₂With KCl's Mixed solution or Ca (OH)₂With the mixed solution of KOH；Further, the Ca²⁺And K⁺Concentration be 0.5%~1.0%.

Wherein, the power supply is DC power supply, voltage 30V.

A kind of method tested using above-mentioned black cotton regur soil electric osmose experimental rig of the invention, comprising the following steps: (a) Black cotton regur soil is sieved, soil sample is packed into and contains native case by determining optimum moisture content, soil sample needed for calculating after ingredient, stewing material, using adding Support plate compresses soil sample to setting height；(b) the first tongs and the second tongs are opened, electric osmose liquid and water are injected into anode respectively Case and cathode section keep liquid level to flush with soil sample top surface；(c) the first graphite electrode, cathode section side wall are placed in anode box side wall It is put into the second graphite electrode, is powered on, electric osmose is carried out；(d) power supply is closed, the first pipeline and the second pipeline is removed, makes electric osmose Liquid and water overflow go out anode box and cathode section, compress soil sample to setting height using load plate；(e) it is aligned in the piston of load plate It feels at ease and fills amesdial, and record reading；The first pipeline and the second pipeline are installed again, close the first tongs and the second sealing Folder；Then it fills the water into anode box and cathode section, liquid level keeps flushing with soil sample top surface, writes down beginning water injection time, is spaced sidelights Amesdial reading, until soil sample no longer expands；(f) pressure is applied to soil sample by load plate, until soil sample is compressed into Setting height obtains the expansive force of black cotton regur soil.

Wherein, anode box and electric osmose liquid and water in cathode section are regularly replaced during step (c) electric osmose.

Wherein, the step (e) determines that height and former height, the two ratio are true after soil sample expansion according to the reading of amesdial Determine the expansion rate after black cotton regur soil expansion is stablized.

The utility model has the advantages that experimental rig of the invention can effectively obtain the black cotton after the punishment of various concentration cationic solution electric osmose Soil is tested in conjunction with the expansion rate of black cotton regur soil and expansive force etc., has carried out effective evaluation to the electric osmose punishment effect of black cotton regur soil；This hair Bright test method is easy to operate, it is easy to accomplish.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of black cotton regur soil electric osmose experimental rig of the invention；

Fig. 2 is sectional view of the Fig. 1 along the direction A-A；

Fig. 3 is the hole arrangement schematic diagram of the native box body of Sheng of the invention.

Specific embodiment

Further description of the technical solution of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3 shows, black cotton regur soil electric osmose experimental rig of the invention, including contain native case 6, be placed in the native case of Sheng The anode box 5 and cathode section 8 of 6 two sides；It contains that native case 6 is cylindrical and sidewall spacers is provided with the hole of diameter 1mm, contain native case 6 Interior placement soil sample 7, load plate 12 is placed in soil sample 7, and the piston centre of load plate 12 is connected with amesdial by load bar 13 14；5 bottom of anode box is connected with solution tank 1 by the first pipeline 2, and electric osmose liquid is placed in solution tank 1, is set on the first pipeline 2 There are the first tongs 3；8 bottom of cathode section is connected with sink 11 by the second pipeline 10, and the second pipeline 10 is equipped with the second sealing Folder 16；5 side wall of anode box is placed with 15 anode of the first graphite electrode 4 connection power supply, and 8 side wall of cathode section is placed with the second graphite electricity Pole 9 connects 15 cathode of power supply.