阅读说明：本技术 持续气道正压装置 (Continuing positive airway pressure unit ) 是由 纳奇克特·德瓦尔 尼特什·库马尔·扬吉尔 杰格迪什·查图维迪 巴萨瓦·库马尔·M 萨拉瓦南· 于 2018-01-19 设计创作，主要内容包括：提供了一种持续气道正压(CPAP)装置(100)。该装置(100)包括稳定单元(102)、第一气源单元(104)以及患者接口单元(106)。第一气源单元(104)通过稳定单元(102)的入口端口(108)提供具有可变的流量的输入气体。稳定单元(102)的压力稳定器(110)接收输入气流,该压力稳定器(110)膨胀和收缩以吸收压力变化并且提供处于受控的压力下的持续气流。流量计(112)基于预设流量产生经调节的输出气流。输出气流通过稳定单元(102)的出口端口(118)排至患者接口单元(106),该患者接口单元(106)包括用以将气流提供至患者的鼻插管(120)和用以维持正压的阀(122)。(Provide a kind of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) device (100).The device (100) includes stablizing unit (102), the first gas source unit (104) and patient interface unit (106).First gas source unit (104) provides the input gas with variable flow by stablizing the ingress port (108) of unit (102).The manostat (110) for stablizing unit (102) receives input air-flow, and the manostat (110) expansion and contraction are changed with absorption pressure and provide the continuous flow under controlled pressure.Flowmeter (112) generates the output gas flow through adjusting based on preset flow.Output gas flow drains into patient interface unit (106) by stablizing the outlet port (118) of unit (102), which includes the nasal intubation (120) air-flow to be provided to patient and the valve (122) to maintain positive pressure.)

1. a kind of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) device (100), comprising:

Stablize unit (102), the stable unit (102) includes:

First entrance port (108), the first entrance port (108) receive the input air-flow under changeable flow；

Manostat (110), the manostat (110) are used to stablize the pressure of the input air-flow, wherein the pressure Power stabilizer (110) receives the input air-flow, and the manostat by the first entrance port (108) (110) pressure change that the input air-flow is absorbed by expanding and shrinking, to provide holding under controlled pressure Continuous air-flow；And

Flowmeter (112), the flowmeter (112) receive the air from the manostat (110) and by described The outlet port (118) for stablizing unit (102) provides output gas flow of the flow through adjusting based on preset flow；

Nasal intubation (120), the nasal intubation (120) are connected to the outlet port (118) of the stable unit (102) to connect Receive the output gas flow；And

Valve (122), the valve (122) are connected to the nasal intubation (120) to maintain end-expiratory positive pressure.

2. CPAP device (100) according to claim 1 further includes the first gas for being connected to the ingress port (108) Source unit (104), wherein first gas source unit (104) operates into offer under changeable flow in a manual fashion The input air-flow.

3. CPAP device (100) according to claim 2, wherein first gas source unit (104) includes to from oxygen Gas cylinder and piston pump assembly receive gas and provide the venturi of the mixture of oxygen and air to the stable unit (102) Pipe.

4. CPAP device (100) according to claim 2, wherein first gas source unit (104) is piston pump group One of part, capsule valve face cover and foot pump or more person.

5. CPAP device (100) according to claim 2 further includes being located at the stable unit (102) and described first Check valve between gas source unit (104).

6. CPAP device (100) according to claim 1, wherein the stable unit (102) includes to receiving air-flow Second entrance port (134).

7. CPAP device according to claim 6 further includes E module (128), wherein the E module (128) includes:

Battery (132)；And

Second gas source unit (130), second gas source unit (130) are energized by the battery (132) and are connected to institute Second entrance port (134) is stated for providing the continuous flow being under controlled pressure.

8. CPAP device (100) according to claim 7, wherein second gas source unit (130) includes air compression At least one of device or air pump.

9. CPAP device (100) according to claim 1, further includes third gas source unit, wherein the third gas source list Member includes oxygen cylinder or compressed gas source.

10. CPAP device (100) according to claim 1, wherein the flowmeter (112) includes:

Flow control valve, the flow control valve control the flow of the output gas flow；And

Actuator, the actuator are based on the preset flow and activate the flow control valve.

11. CPAP device (100) according to claim 1, wherein the manostat (110) includes:

First opening, first opening receive the input air-flow；And

Second opening, the second opening discharge continuous flow.

12. CPAP device (100) according to claim 11, wherein the stable unit (102) includes pressure reducing valve (114), the pressure reducing valve (114) is connected to second opening of the manostat (110) so that the CPAP device (100) excess pressure in reduces.

13. CPAP device (100) according to claim 1, wherein the stable unit (102) includes pressure gauge (116), the pressure gauge (116) is connected to the flowmeter (112) to measure the pressure of the output gas flow.

14. CPAP device (100) according to claim 1, wherein the valve (122) is pressure-control valve, the pressure Control valve is connected to the nasal intubation (120) to maintain 5cm H₂The end-expiratory positive pressure of O.

15. CPAP device (100) according to claim 14, wherein the pressure-control valve is connected with humidifier to add The wet output gas flow.

16. one kind is for providing the method for continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), which comprises

It selects gas source unit (104,130)；

When selecting the first gas source unit (104), by first gas source unit (104) by the input gas with changeable flow Stream is supplied to manostat (110)；

Changed by the expansion and contraction of the manostat (110) with absorption pressure and is provided under controlled pressure Continuous flow stablize the input air-flow；

Output gas flow of the flow through adjusting is generated based on preset flow by flowmeter (112)；

The output gas flow generated by the flowmeter (112) is conveyed to patient by nasal intubation (120)；And

The pressure for being equivalent to end-expiratory positive pressure is maintained by valve (122).

17. according to the method for claim 16, wherein when selecting the second gas source unit (130), pass through air compressor Or air pump provides the input air-flow of constant flow rate.

18. according to the method for claim 16, wherein when selecting third gas source unit, pass through oxygen cylinder or compressed gas The input air-flow of source offer constant flow rate.

19. according to the method for claim 16, wherein the input air-flow by being operably connected to institute in a manual fashion It states first gas source unit (104) of manostat (110) and supplies.

20. according to the method for claim 16, wherein the expansion and contraction of the manostat (110) absorb by The excess pressure that the input air-flow applies.

21. according to the method for claim 16, wherein the output gas flow of the flow through adjusting passes through the flowmeter (112) aperture generates.

22. according to the method for claim 16, wherein end-expiratory positive pressure is tieed up by controlling the air-flow breathed out from lung It holds.

Technical field

The present invention relates to for providing the device of constant pressure and air-flow, and it is particularly directed to provide stable hold The device of continuous Positive Airway Pressure.

Background technique

Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is a kind of respiratory disorder, and lung can be caused to collapse and exhale patient can not It inhales.The treatment of these patients is provided by external Breathing Suppotion.For example, the surface reactive material of lung generates insufficient and lung RDS may be suffered from birth by steeping undergrown premature.In general, providing outside using ventilator in the case where RDS Breathing Suppotion.

Ventilator is a kind of trouble for being designed to for respirable aero-mechanical to be moveable into and out body and being unable to fully breathing The machine of the lung of person.Ventilator has different types and remains raw using the distinct methods for providing Breathing Suppotion Life.There are manual respirator such as capsule valve face cover (bag valvemask) and anesthesia air bag, manual respirator needs operator to use Their hand keeps ventilator and maintains to breathe.Some ventilators such as mechanical respirator is usually computer-controlled and has If the dry part being included in.In some cases, capsule valve face cover (BVM) is used as manual substitute, in the machine of breathing no more When ventilation is provided in the short term.

Detailed description of the invention

Detailed description is provided with reference to attached drawing.In the accompanying drawings, the leftmost digital representation of appended drawing reference appended drawing reference The attached drawing first appeared.Similar feature and component are quoted using identical appended drawing reference throughout the drawings.

Fig. 1 (a) shows the schematic diagram of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) device of the embodiment according to this theme.

Fig. 1 (b) shows continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) device of the embodiment according to this theme.

Fig. 1 (c) shows continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) device of the embodiment according to this theme.

Fig. 1 (d) shows the perspective view of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) device of the embodiment according to this theme.

Fig. 1 (e) shows the component for the stabilization unit of the embodiment according to this theme being externally arranged in room.

Fig. 1 (f) shows the perspective view of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) device of the embodiment according to this theme.

Fig. 2 shows according to the embodiment of this theme for providing the method for continuous positive airway pressure.

Fig. 3 (a) shows the pressure of the input air-flow of the CPAP device of the embodiment according to this theme and the figure of flow Table.

Fig. 3 (b) shows the pressure of the output gas flow of the CPAP device of the embodiment according to this theme and the figure of flow Table.

Fig. 3 (c) shows the CPAP dress of the manostat with T junction configuration of the embodiment according to this theme The pressure for the output gas flow set and the chart of flow.

Fig. 3 (d) shows the output gas of the CPAP device without manostat of the embodiment according to this theme The pressure of stream and the chart of flow.

Fig. 4 shows the lung according to the expression of the embodiment of this theme during carrying out air-breathing using CPAP and exhaling The waveform diagram of pressure change.

Fig. 5 a and Figure 5b shows that another embodiments according to the CPAP device of the embodiment of this theme.

Specific embodiment

This theme is related to a kind of for especially providing constant pressure and air-flow in the limited environment of resource to maintain The device of continuous positive airway pressure.Although it should be understood that explaining disclosed below hair as an example with newborn It is bright, but continuing air flue just as from it will be readily understood that in description, the present invention can be used for providing to the patient of age groups Pressure.

Premature, particularly those babies being born before 28 weeks period of pregnancys have undergrown lung at birth Bubble.Existing alveolar is often not mature enough and is not enough to normal operation, and baby suffers from as agenesis of lung, respiratory distress are comprehensive The respiratory complication of simulator sickness (RDS), chronic lung disease etc..Respiratory Distress Syndrome(RDS) (RDS), which is that one kind is common in premature, exhales Disease is inhaled, and is started soon after birth.RDS generates insufficient immature with structure mainly due to the surface reactive material of lung It is caused.In addition, various factors exists as gene defect, mother increase RDS with diabetes, multifetation, quick delivery etc. Risk in newborn.The shortage of surface reactive material leads to that lung collapses at the end of expiration and baby undergoes breathing tired It is difficult.Baby may not suck enough oxygen to support the organ of body, this may be fatal.

If not providing treatment appropriate, anoxic may damage the brain and other organs of baby.It is short of breath, heart rate It overruns, the wall of the chest bounces back, exhale sending grunt, nasal ala flap etc. are common RDS early symptoms.As symptom deteriorates, breathing Complication deteriorates, for example stopping or apnea and lung collapse for a long time for breathing.In these cases, breathing branch is provided It holds until generating enough surface reactive materials in alveolar and lung can independently be breathed.

Breathing Suppotion usually autonomous respiration or ventilation stop when or the offer when there is a possibility that respiratory failure.Ventilation is Refer to actuating of the air via air-breathing and expiration between lung, and ventilator is that one kind is designed to respirable aero-mechanical Ground is moveable into and out the machine of lung.Ventilator is connected to respiratory siphon, which is extended by the oral area or nose of patient Enter tracheae to assist or replace autonomous respiration.

In general, ventilator is with many different types and has different operating methods.Some common ventilation moulds Formula includes mechanical ventilation, continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), auxiliary mode ventilation (trigger-type ventilation), pressure support ventilalion (PSV) Etc..There are manual respirators --- such as capsule valve face cover and anesthesia air bag ---, and it needs user that ventilator is maintained at face Portion or artificial airway simultaneously maintain to breathe with hand.

In addition, ventilator has many different components --- such as computing device, display, controller etc. ---, it is needed It will be from the continuous detection and assistance of expert.In addition, these ventilators increase complexity, size and with complexity and at This associated cost.

As described above, the ventilator for being used as Breathing Suppotion has big size, is related to complicated configuration and valuableness.Cause This, these ventilators are not Major medical mechanisms that is portable and being limited to urban area, and not in infrastructure difference Remote geographical location or when patient in transit when use.

According to this theme, describe for providing the device and method of continuous positive airway pressure.The device and method can be used In by having the input air-flow of variable flow and pressure to provide constant pressure and constant gas.Constant pressure and air-flow are used Positive pressure is maintained in the air flue in the patient with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS).The device can even not touch wall sky It is used in the case where gas and oxygen, and oxygen tank or oxygen concentrator with increased pressure can be used and implement CPAP's Lifesaving technology is to open alveolar.Therefore, disclosed device is provided for implementing the more of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) technology The form of power low cost.

It include stablizing unit, nasal intubation and valve according to the device described in the text of this theme.Stablize unit include into Mouth port, manostat and flowmeter.Ingress port is connected to for providing the input air-flow under the flow for being in variable The first gas source unit.First gas source unit can be to generate input air-flow manual operation device, such as capsule valve face cover, Piston pump or foot pump.

Manostat receives input air-flow by stablizing the ingress port of unit.Manostat can be the capsule of elasticity Shape structure such as sacculus or bellows, there are two openings for manostat tool: the first opening and the second opening.First opening receives Air-flow is inputted, and continuous flow is discharged in the second opening.Manostat expansion and contraction are to absorb any pressure for inputting air-flow Change and the continuous flow under controlled pressure is provided.

Flowmeter is connected to the second opening of manostat to receive continuous flow.Flowmeter provides output gas flow, should Output gas flow has the flow through adjusting based on preset flow.Flowmeter may include the flow control valve for controlling air-flow And actuator.For example, actuator can control flow control valve based on the difference between preset flow and gas flow, and provide Output gas flow through adjusting.Output gas flow at the output section of flowmeter has constant flow and flows through going out for stable unit Mouth port.

In one embodiment, stablizing unit includes the second entrance port for connecting the second gas source unit.Second Gas source unit can be the air pump or air compressor by battery-powered.In another embodiment, third gas source unit It can be compressed gas source or oxygen cylinder, to provide continuous flow by second entrance port.Continuous flow can be provided to flow Meter is for generating the output gas flow through adjusting.In another embodiment, stablizing unit can be enclosed in outside cabin.It is external Room can be configured to allow for operator cosily to keep the device during operation in a manner of meeting ergonomics.

In addition, the outlet port for stablizing unit is connected to nasal intubation and valve.Nasal intubation is light pipe, on one end It is connected to the outlet port of stable unit and is divided into two pins being placed in nostril on the other end.Pipe reception comes from Stablize the output gas flow of unit and output gas flow is conveyed to patient.In addition, valve can be pressure-control valve, pressure control Valve is attached in conjunction with nasal intubation for maintaining positive pressure in the lung of patient.Pressure-control valve is breathed out by control from lung Air-flow maintain positive pressure.In one embodiment, pressure-control valve connection has humidifier to couple to humidify and be supplied to patient Output gas.

It in view of above-mentioned, provides for providing the device and method of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), device and method letter It is single, cost-effective and easy to operate.CPAP device is portable and can be used in the limited environment of resource, such as door Clinic and it possibly can not provide the emergency, such as in the car of ventilator.In addition, CPAP device is the dress of more power It sets, and CPAP device can use in a manner of manually or electrically.CPAP device can also include as temperature monitoring module, oxygen The independent individual module such as saturation block, pulse monitoring modular, so that each independent individual module has the control of oneself Device, sensor, display and battery supply processed.In addition, the device does not need expert's auxiliary and can be in position from far-off regions It sets and lacks and used in the region of medical infrastructure.

Fig. 1 (a) shows the schematic diagram of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) device 100 of the embodiment according to this theme, And Fig. 1 (b) shows the figure of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) device 100.CPAP device 100 includes stablizing unit 102, first Gas source unit 104 and patient interface unit 106.Stablize unit 102 include first entrance port 108, manostat 110 with And flowmeter 112.First entrance port 108 is connected to for providing the first gas source of the input air-flow under the flow for being in variable Unit 104.First gas source unit 104 can be the device of the manual operation to generate input air-flow, such as capsule valve face cover, work Plug pump or foot pump.

Manostat 110 is connected to first entrance port 108 to receive input air-flow.In one embodiment, single It can connect between the first gas source unit 104 and manostat 110 to valve.Manostat 110 can be the capsule of elasticity Shape structure --- such as sacculus or bellows, there are two openings for the tool of manostat 110: the first opening and the second opening.First Opening receives input air-flow, and continuous flow is discharged in the second opening.The expansion of manostat 110 and contraction are to absorb input air-flow Any pressure change and the continuous flow under the controlled pressure is provided.In one embodiment, first opening and Second opening can couple with collet to provide the secured connection with connecting pipe, and connecting pipe can be used for stable connection unit 102 component.

Flowmeter 112 is connected to the second opening of manostat 110 to receive continuous flow.Flowmeter 112 provides defeated Air-flow out, the output gas flow have the flow through adjusting based on preset flow.Flowmeter 112 may include flow control valve and Actuator, for controlling air-flow.

In one embodiment, the second opening of manostat 110 is connected with pressure reducing valve 114.Pressure reducing valve 114 ensures Controlled pressure is maintained in CPAP device 100.When in the pressure in device, particularly route after manostat 110 Pressure anomaly when increasing or when generating excessively high pressure in route, a part of air is by bypass transfer or is discharged into In atmosphere.This makes the part that do not discharge of excessively high pressure reduction and air flow to flowmeter 112.

In addition, flowmeter 112 can connect pressure gauge 116, which is used to measure the pressure of output gas flow application Power.The output gas flow generated by flowmeter 112 has the flow of constant and flows through the outlet port of stable unit 102 118.In one embodiment, manostat 110, flowmeter 112, pressure reducing valve 114 and pressure gauge 116 may include Stablize in unit 102.

In addition, the outlet port 118 for stablizing unit 102 is connected with nasal intubation 120 and valve 122.Nasal intubation 120 is lightweight Pipe, is connected to the outlet port 118 of stable unit 102 on one end and is divided on the other end and be placed in nostril In two pins.Pipe receives the output gas flow for carrying out self-stabilization unit 102 and output gas flow is conveyed to patient.In addition, valve 122 can be pressure-control valve, which is attached to be connected with nasal intubation 120 to maintain just in the lung of patient Pressure.Pressure-control valve maintains positive pressure by controlling the air-flow breathed out from lung.In one embodiment, pressure-control valve joins Humidifier is connected to humidify the output gas for being provided to patient.

Fig. 1 (c) shows the CPAP device 100 according to the embodiment of this theme.CPAP device 100 includes stablizing unit 102, the first gas source unit 104 and patient interface unit 106.In one embodiment, the first gas source unit 104 includes mentioning One of capsule valve face cover, oxygen cylinder and piston pump assembly for input air-flow or more person.In one example, the first gas Source unit 104 includes receiving gas from oxygen cylinder and piston pump assembly and providing the mixing of oxygen and air to unit 102 is stablized The Venturi tube of object.And hence it is also possible to be rich in the air of oxygen by the supply of the first gas source unit 104.

In one embodiment, stablizing unit 102 can be enclosed in outside cabin 124.Outside cabin 124 can be with symbol The mode for closing ergonomics is configured to allow for operator cosily to keep CPAP device 100 during operation.As shown, The fenced stable unit 102 of outside cabin 124, pressure reducing valve 114 and pressure gauge 116.In addition, in one embodiment, pressure is steady Determining device 110 can be enclosed in interior chamber 126.Interior chamber can also include input flow rate indicator (not shown in FIG.), The input flow rate indicator may include moveable baffle plate, multiple labels and form, as being discussed later.

In one embodiment, E module 128 can be used dismountable mechanism and be connected to outside cabin 124.E module 128 It may include the air compressor 130 for being connected to battery 132 and electric interfaces (not shown in FIG.).Air compressor 130 can To be attached to the second entrance port 134 of stable unit 102 and provide the continuous flow with minimum pressure variation.At one In example, air-flow can be provided directly to flowmeter 112 via engagement port 136.Engagement port 136 may include a pair of unidirectional Valve --- a check valve is used to provide the connection between manostat 110 and flowmeter 112 and another check valve is used Connection between offer second entrance port and flowmeter 112.Check valve is prevented by manostat 110 and/or the second gas The reverse flow for the air that source unit 130 provides.

The output gas flow generated by flowmeter 112 has the flow of constant and flows through the outlet of stable unit 102 Port 118.As previously mentioned, the outlet port 118 for stablizing unit 102 is connected to patient interface unit for providing just to patient Pressure.E module 128 can be used in combination with the first gas source unit 104 or E module 128 can be used independently.

Fig. 1 (d) shows the perspective view of the CPAP device of the embodiment according to this theme.As shown, outside cabin 124 The component of fenced stable unit 102, these components by compactly connect and it is fenced, with provide have optimization size, shape and The design for meeting ergonomics of weight.Outside cabin 124 is provided with the handle 138 at the top of outside cabin 124, to Lift CPAP device 100.Since CPAP device 100 includes such as manostat, flowmeter, pressure gauge etc. not heavy component, Therefore handle 138 is enabled the operator to the smallest power lifting device.

In addition, outside cabin 124 is provided with form 140, for providing the clearly visual field of manostat 110.One In a embodiment, form 140 may include positioning indicator (not shown in FIG.).Positioning indicator may include moving Baffle plate and multiple labels, to be used to indicate the state of manostat 110.Manostat 110 can be placed in and be connected to Below the removable baffle plate of multiple labels.Each label can indicate the state of manostat.

For example, the label with different colours can serve to indicate that the volume of air inside manostat 110.First is red Colour code label can serve to indicate that the volume of air inside manostat 110 is less than minimum threshold amount, and the second red-ticket can be with It is used to indicate the volume of air inside manostat 110 and is greater than max-thresholds amount, and green-ticket can serve to indicate that pressure Volume of air inside power stabilizer 110 is in desired working range, that is, is greater than minimum threshold amount and is less than max-thresholds Amount.

In operation, input air-flow is depended on, a label in multiple labels can be seen by form 140.For example, Initially, indicate that the volume of air in manostat 110 may be visible less than the first red-ticket of minimum threshold.When When receiving input air-flow, as manostat 110 expands, baffle plate displacement is moved, and correspondingly, label is mobile, So that green-ticket becomes visible after volume of air increases to greater than minimum threshold.As manostat 110 is further swollen Swollen, label can be moved further, be become so that instruction volume of air has increased for the second red-ticket more than max-thresholds It obtains visible.

As it will be appreciated, the volume of air in manostat 110 depends on the pressure of input air-flow.Therefore, work as label Volume of air is indicated when except working range, operator can change input stream pressure so that volume of air is in working range It is interior.Therefore, the input flow rate indicator in form 140 with simple and compact arragement construction can enable the operator to The input air-flow to provide by the first gas source unit 104 is provided.

In another embodiment, positioning indicator may include switching device and a pair of of baffle plate.Manostat 110 It can be placed between vertical a pair of of the baffle plate for being spaced apart and disposing generally parallel to each other.Being spaced between baffle plate Manostat 110 increases when expanding, and reduces when manostat 110 is shunk.If manostat is due to high pressure And expanding singularly more, then in baffle plate a baffle plate can be contacted with soft-touch control to indicate manostat Big volume of air present in 110.

Fig. 1 (e) shows the portion for the stabilization unit 102 of the embodiment according to this theme being externally arranged in room 124 Part.As shown, the component of CPAP device 100 is compactly arranged and is connected.In addition, the physical parameter of component can be in device Operation during additional benefit is provided to operator.

For example, manostat 110 can most preferably occupy outside cabin 124 with oval shape, the elliptical shape Volume and therefore arrange that other component compactly.In other embodiments, manostat 110 can be in other shapes Shape, such as spherical shape, cylindricality etc..In addition, manostat 110 can be by caoutchouc latex, neoprene or elastic material system At to provide higher elongation, tensile strength and extended service life.

For example, Tables 1 and 2 shows the relaxation for determining manostat 110 based on the use of manostat 110 Henan time and the one group of experimental result carried out.Relaxation time, which refers to, provides the time quantum of constant pressure by manostat.

As it appears from the above, manostat 110 experienced a large amount of circulation (about 1000 times), still, manostat 110 45 seconds minimum relaxation times are produced in the case where no failure.

As it appears from the above, even if 25 times expansion and shrink circulation after, manostat 110 also no failure/collapse simultaneously And meets all functional requirements in the case where thickness reduction maximum 25% and work.

In one embodiment, as shown in Fig. 1 (f), the different components of CPAP device are similar to as referring to Fig.1 (d) As Fig. 1 (e) description, but it is arranged to form approximate horizontal shell.In addition, it includes pallet 135 that CPAP device, which has, Profile, newborn is maintained on device.This makes CPAP device 100 be easier to use during transportation.

Fig. 2 shows for providing the method 200 of continuous positive airway pressure.Described method 200 is about CPAP above-mentioned Device 100 is consistent, it being understood, however, that, this method 200 can also be implemented in other devices.

At frame 202, input air-flow is supplied by the first gas source unit 104 to manostat 110.Input air-flow has It variable flow and can be supplied by piston pump assembly.Input air can flow to entering for stable unit 102 by check valve Mouth port.

At frame 204, stablize the flow of input air-flow by stablizing unit 102.Manostat 110 has first to open Mouthful, which receives the input air-flow from the first gas source unit 104 and absorbs input air-flow by expanding and shrinking Changes in flow rate.Continuous flow of the second opening release of manostat 110 under controlled pressure.

At frame 206, flowmeter 112 generates the output gas flow through adjusting based on preset flow.From manostat 110 The air of release flows to flowmeter 112.Flowmeter 112 includes flow control valve, and the flow control valve is according to air mass flow and in advance If the difference between flow provides controlled output gas flow by means of actuator.Output gas of the flow through adjusting is generated based on this Stream.

At frame 208, output gas flow is conveyed to patient by nasal intubation 120 from the outlet port 118 for stablizing unit 102. Nasal intubation 120, which can be, provides the light pipe of the smallest friction to output gas flow.

At frame 210, the valve 122 by being connected to nasal intubation 120 maintains positive pressure.Nasal intubation 120 could be attached to humidification Device is to humidify output gas flow.Valve 122 maintains the positive pressure in lung by the air capacity that patient breathes out by control.

In addition, the merging number obtained from different experimental analyses has been disclosed referring to the above embodiment of this theme According to.Experimental analysis be related to by change CPAP device configuration come measure as pressure, flow, volume parameter.

Fig. 3 (a) and Fig. 3 (b) respectively illustrates the pressure of the pressure of input air-flow and the variation of flow and output gas flow With the variation of flow.In one embodiment, gas source unit 104 is manual pumping unit, and manostat 110 is ball Capsule.The output end of manual pumping unit is connected to the pressure of measurement input fluid and the pressure gauge 116 and flowmeter of flow 112.The measured value of the pressure and flow at different location in device is shown in the table 1, table 2 and table 3 of lower section.In this point In analysis, the variation of pressure and flow is checked by repeating 5 record measured values of experiment.

As shown in table and Fig. 3 (a) and Fig. 3 (b), the variation of output pressure and output flow is controlled, and Constant pressure limit and range of flow are realized at the output section of sacculus.It is connected to the flowmeter 112 of the second opening of sacculus Generate flow and pressure through adjusting.Therefore, CPAP device 100 provides the output gas flow with constant pressure and flow, should Output gas flow is from the input air-flow with variable pressure and flow.

In another experimental analysis, triple valve can be used in CPAP device 100.Triple valve is provided at remaining port It connects manual pumping unit, stablize the flowmeter 112 of unit 102 and the T junction configuration of sacculus.By being connected to gas source unit The input pressure and inlet flow for the input air-flow that 104 pressure gauge 116 and flowmeter 112 measurement is provided by manual pumping unit Amount.Fig. 3 (c) shows the variation of the pressure and flow realized by the CPAP device 100 with T junction configuration, and table 4 Provide the measured value of pressure and flow at input unit and output section.In the analysis, by repeating to test 5 record measurements Value checks the variation of pressure and flow.

Pressure and flow are measured by applying 30 strokes per minute in manual pumping unit.It is mentioned when by gas source unit When for input gas, sacculus only partially expansion or shrinkage.Therefore, the output of pulsation is generated by the device, that is, pressure and flow It is not constant and cannot act as Breathing Suppotion.

In another experimental analysis, sacculus is removed to study the performance of CPAP device.Fig. 3 (d), which is shown, not to press The variation of the pressure and flow in CPAP device 100 in the case where power stabilizer 110 i.e. sacculus.By being connected to manual pumping The pressure gauge 116 and flowmeter 112 of unit measures input pressure and input flow rate.It is per second in manual pumping unit to apply 30 Pressure and flow are measured in the case where secondary stroke.In the following, table 5 provides the measurement of pressure and flow at input unit and output section Value.

Manostat 110 provides the mechanism of absorption pressure variation and provides the lasting stream under controlled pressure.Cause This, in the case where lacking such pressure and flow absorbing mechanism, CPAP device 100 provides the output of pulsation.

In addition, having carried out another experimental analysis to compare the performance of capsule valve face cover Yu manual pumping unit.Capsule valve face cover tool There are the three types based on its capacity classified: adult type capsule valve face cover, child form capsule valve face cover and infantilism capsule valve face cover.It exhales Suction air is used as manostat 110 in analysis.In addition, breathing bag can be latex type or non-dairy glue-type.

Experimental analysis has been determined by the maximum pressure of capsule valve face cover and the offer of manual pumping unit.In addition, experimental analysis is also Extruding or number of stroke and the relaxation time needed for generating constant pressure has been determined.

Manual pumping unit provides maximum pressure and relaxation time.In addition, manual pumping unit needs less number of stroke So that CPAP device provides constant pressure and air-flow, although manual pumping unit has relatively small volume.Although baby Type capsule valve face cover is easy to squeeze, but when infantilism capsule valve face cover is as gas source unit 104, CPAP device 100 can not be provided Constant pressure.

In addition, the volume of different pressures stabilizer 102 has been determined in another experimental analysis.The analysis is by comparing conduct The sacculus of manostat is executed with breathing bag, and data are shown in table 7 and table 8.In an experiment, pumping is single manually Member is connected to sacculus or breathing bag, and the sacculus or breathing bag are connected to flowmeter 112 and pressure gauge 116.

The volume of gas present in sacculus and breathing bag is calculated by perfect gas law.It is fixed according to perfect gas Rule,

PV=nRT, or

V=nRT/P

Wherein,

P is the pressure of gas,

V is the volume of gas,

N is the amount (also referred to as molal quantity) of the substance of gas

R is ideal gas constant or universal gas constant, is equal to multiplying for Boltzmann constant and avogadros constant Product.

T is the temperature of gas.

In addition, the pressure in sacculus is calculated by pressure gauge 116.Pressure gauge 116 can connect to the second opening of sacculus To measure the pressure of the air in sacculus.

The expansion of both sacculus and breathing bag and contraction are changed with absorption pressure and are provided under controlled pressure Continuous flow.However, sacculus can store bigger volume of air than breathing bag, and breathing bag can be subjected to more than sacculus Big air pressure.

Fig. 4 shows the waveform for indicating lung's pressure change during air-breathing and expiration.Waveform 402 is indicated in no CPAP Lung's pressure change in the case where device 100 during breath cycle.Respiratory is the pressure change and volume change of lung Result.As lung's pressure reduces, the volume of lung increases and air is flowed into lung from atmosphere.On the other hand, by It is retracted in the elasticity of lung tissue, leads to the increase of lung's pressure and the reduction of volume, to generate the process of expiration.Cause This, air flows out to atmosphere from lung.In waveform 402, indicated by the posivtive spike duty pressure that lung's expiration applies by E, and The negative peak duty pressure of air-breathing is indicated by I.

Waveform 404 indicates lung's pressure change with CPAP device 100 during breath cycle.CPAP dress Set 100 maintains positive pressure to prevent the alveolar collapse in lung in lung.In waveform 404, minimum positive pressure is indicated by I.Therefore, Positive pressure is maintained at expiration end by CPAP device.

Fig. 5 (a) and Fig. 5 (b) show the another embodiment of the CPAP device 500 according to the embodiment of this theme. Fig. 5 (a) shows the external view of device, and Fig. 5 (b) shows the interconnection of component and component.Fig. 5 (a) and Fig. 5 (b) device 500 shown in corresponds to another embodiment of foregoing device 100.

As shown in Fig. 5 (a), device 500 includes input port 504 and output port 506, and input port 504 can connect To ambu bag (Ambubag) or other manual oxygen/air input units, output port 506 can be used for providing to baby Forced air/oxygen.Device 500 has various shells, such as upper body 508-1, aft case 508-2, bottom shell 508-3, front shell 508-4 and airbag housing 508-5, these shells form the outer circumferential of device 500.Power switch 510 can be used for turning on/off device 500.516 monitoring device of flowmeter 512, LED panel 514 and pressure gauge can be used Work.It is manually entered source manually to be connected to other than being manually entered source or replace furthermore, it is possible to which oxygen gas port 518 is arranged Pressurised oxygen gas source.Fig. 5 (b) shows the various parts of device 500 --- including ambu bag, oxygen cylinder, various valves and Manostat such as sacculus --- between interconnection.

It should be understood that the CPAP device as described in various embodiments above can also have in addition to about various Various other features except those features described in embodiment.For example, the device can have built-in oxygen concentration Device and air-oxygen mixer/mixing machine.In addition, the device can have built-in active humidifier to provide heat to newborn Humidification gas.Other than using pressure gauge, which can also be detected lung's resistance and be controlled using pressure sensor The outflow or/and pressure of product.In addition, the device can have electronic/mechanical control intermediate pressure and flow export with And the cpap pressure control based on built-in bubble.

Device according to various embodiments can be used for the recovery of newborn and pediatric population.Although referring to some This theme has been described in detail in example and these example embodiments, but other embodiments are also possible.In this way, The range of this theme is not limited to the description of preferable example and embodiment wherein included.