阅读说明：本技术 用于流体的欧姆加热的系统和方法 (The system and method for Ohmic heating for fluid ) 是由 法比安·迪奇 阿列克谢·格罗莫夫 于 2018-03-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种用于流体的欧姆加热的系统,该系统包括用于接收流体的至少一个腔室(1)；至少两个单元(6a、6b),每个单元都包括至少一个电极(4a、4b),其中,至少一个电极中的每一个与至少一个用于电流隔离的装置(5a、5b、5c)相关联,其中,两个单元(6a、6b)中的每一个的电极(4a、4b)被彼此隔开的一定距离地设置在腔室(1)中,并且用于电流隔离的装置(5a、5b、5c)被设置在腔室(1)的外部；以及至少一个变频器(10),其电连接至至少两个电极-单元(6a、6b)以操作至少两个电极-单元(6a、6b)。(The present invention relates to a kind of system of Ohmic heating for fluid, which includes at least one chamber (1) for receiving fluid；Unit at least two (6a, 6b), each unit includes at least one electrode (4a, 4b), wherein, each of at least one electrode is associated with device (5a, 5b, 5c) that at least one is used to be galvanically isolated, wherein, it is arranged in chamber (1) to the certain distance that the electrode (4a, 4b) of each of two units (6a, 6b) is separated from each other, and the device (5a, 5b, 5c) for being galvanically isolated is arranged on the outside of chamber (1)；And at least one frequency converter (10), at least two electrodes-unit (6a, 6b) is electrically connected to operate at least two electrodes-unit (6a, 6b).)

1. a kind of system of the Ohmic heating for fluid, comprising:

For receiving at least one chamber (1) of the fluid；

Unit-at least two (6a, 6b), Unit at least two (6a, 6b) each include at least one electrode (4a, 4b), wherein each of at least one described electrode is related to device (5a, 5b, 5c) that at least one is used to be galvanically isolated Connection,

Wherein, the electrode (4a, 4b) of each of described two units (6a, 6b) unit is with being separated from each other certain distance It is arranged in the chamber (1), and the device (5a, 5b, 5c) for being galvanically isolated is arranged on the chamber (1) It is external；And

At least one frequency converter (10) is electrically connected at least two electrodes-unit (6a, 6b) to operate described at least two Electrode-unit (6a, 6b).

2. system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that it is described at least one be used for be galvanically isolated device (5a, 5b, 5c) it is at least one capacitor (5a, 5b) or at least one isolating transformer (5c).

3. system according to claim 2, which is characterized in that at least one described capacitor (5a, 5b) is safe capacitor Device (is also designated as X or Y class capacitor).

4. system according to one of the preceding claims, which is characterized in that in electrode-electric stream isolating device-unit In one or each in add ons are provided.

5. system according to claim 4, which is characterized in that preferably provide one or more to be connected in series or in parallel Multiple building-out condensers are as add ons, to form resonant network.

6. system according to claim 4, which is characterized in that offer is connected in series or in parallel to form the one of resonant network A or more coil is as add ons.

7. system according to claim 4, which is characterized in that provide for optimizing switching behavior, it is received for measuring The sensor of the temperature of power or the fluid is as add ons.

8. system according to one of the preceding claims, which is characterized in that provide multiple electrodes pair.

9. system according to one of the preceding claims, which is characterized in that realize cooling unit so that heating system Efficiency maximize.

10. the system according to the present invention, which is characterized in that at least one described frequency converter (10) includes at least one bridge joint electricity Road.

11. system according to one of the preceding claims, which is characterized in that at least one frequency converter (10) packet At least one bridgt circuit is included, at least one described bridgt circuit includes at least two switches (2) and at least one centre cap (7) at least one switching device, wherein at least centre cap (7) is coupled at least one electrode-electric stream isolation dress Set-unit (6a, 6b).

12. system according to claim 11, which is characterized in that at least one described switching device is opened including at least four It closes (2), especially in the case where full-bridge connects.

13. system described in one in 1 to 12 according to claim 1, which is characterized in that each electronics of the switching device Switch (2) is coupled at least one control unit (3).

14. system according to claim 13, which is characterized in that at least one described control unit (3) is microcontroller.

15. system according to one of the preceding claims, it is characterised in that including at least one described frequency conversion At least one voltage source (8) of device (10).

16. system according to claim 15, which is characterized in that at least one described voltage source (8) includes rectifier (9), especially diode rectifier.

17. system according to one of the preceding claims, which is characterized in that at least one described chamber (1) be There is container, conduit or the pipeline at least one entrance of the fluid and at least one outlet in each case.

18. the purposes of the system of the Ohmic heating according to one of the preceding claims at least one fluid.

19. a kind of for according to claim 1 to the cooling unit of the electronic component of system described in one in 17, feature It is, the fluid of Yao Jiare is used as cooling fluid.

20. a kind of in the side for carrying out Ohmic heating to fluid into system described in one in 17 according to claim 1 Method, it is characterised in that:

Voltage is provided at least one described frequency converter (10) by least one power supply；And

At least one described frequency converter is controlled, so that the polarity of the voltage is mono- at least two electrode-electric stream isolating devices- Alternation on first (6a, 6b).

21. according to the method for claim 20, which is characterized in that at least one described frequency converter (10) apply 110 to Rectified voltage U between 240V_netAnd 50 to the frequency f between 60Hz_net。

22. the method according to claim 20 to 21, which is characterized in that the polarity of the voltage is single by least one control First (3) control.

23. according to method described in one in claim 20 to 22, which is characterized in that the polarity of the voltage is controlled so as to So that obtaining the pulse frequency for being up to 3MHz.

24. according to method described in one in claim 20 to 23, which is characterized in that the pulse frequency is continuously adjusted To control heating properties.

Specific embodiment

It should be appreciated that general voltage source can be used in all applications as shown in embodiment.

Fig. 1 shows the basic principle of resistance heater (ohmic heater).The fluid to be heated is guided with continuous flow Pass through heating chamber 1.Two conductive plates (electrode 4a, 4b for being arranged in chamber 1) contact with fluid；Then to electrode 4a, 4b provides voltage.This is heated the current stream for flowing through fluid (such as water).Fluid indicates to generate power loss or power dissipation Resistance.This power loss is converted into heat in a fluid.Therefore, fluid is used as heating element, and heat is directly flowing It is generated in body.

Fig. 2A shows the basic principle of this system.Line voltage is chopped into multiple high frequency section by frequency converter 10, To increase electric voltage frequency.Electrode 4a, 4b are uncoupled in the power supply circuit by means of a transformer or go to connect by current isolating device 5.Fluid flow through chamber 1 and with It is heated afterwards when applying line voltage.In addition, multiple this systems with Different electrodes distance can be one by one Cascade or arrangement, to cover the larger conductivity range of the fluid by heating chamber.

In the embodiment of Fig. 2 B, current isolating device 5 is arranged to capacitor 5a, 5b.Electrode 4a, 4b and capacitor 5a, 5b are respectively formed electrode-electric container unit 6a, 6b.

Current isolating device 5 also can be set to isolating transformer 5c (see Fig. 2 C).

Capacitor has the advantages that better than transformer, because they are smaller, weight is lighter, cheaper and generate less Power loss.However, the disadvantage is that capacitor has bigger leakage current (that is, in case of earth fault compared with transformer The electric current of flowing).

According to embodiment as shown in Figure 2 D, add ons 11 are disposed in electrode-electric container path.Add ons 11 can be the coil for compensating capacitive reactance and for increasing the conversion power in fluid.This minimizes reactive power.

According to embodiment as shown in Figure 2 E, add ons 11 can also be arranged in parallel and serial.

The embodiment of Fig. 2 F shows a kind of system, wherein capacitor is connected to coil to carry out resonance coupling, and schemes The embodiment of 2G shows a kind of system, wherein transformer is connected to inductor-capacitor network to carry out resonance coupling. In this way it is possible to optimize transmitting behavior.

The embodiment of Fig. 2 H shows two induction coils indicated using with inductance L1 and L2 and ideal transformation The equivalent circuit diagram of the behavior of the real transformer of device T.The inductance of coil is determined by the construction and geometry of real transformer. Fixture K1 is connected to frequency converter, and fixture K2 is connected to the electrode of heating chamber.

The embodiment of I according to fig. 2, can be with the multiple heating rooms of parallel work-flow.

In the embodiment of Fig. 2 J, by switch, such as electromechanical relay by multiple electrodes to being added in system, with Just the conductivity range that wherein system reliably operates further is extended.

Fig. 2 K shows the example of the system with cooling unit.Herein, the waste heat of electric component is wanted for preheating The fluid of heating.Component is thermally coupled to cooling body 12, and cooling body 12 is then cooling by the fluid entered.Then, preheated Fluid flows into heating room 1, and in heating room 1, fluid is heated to required final temperature.

In Fig. 3 A and Fig. 3 B, the full bridge arrangement as frequency converter is shown.Herein, as current isolating device Capacitor 5a, the 5b of (Fig. 3 A) or isolating transformer 5c as current isolating device (Fig. 3 B) be coupled to respective electrode 4a, 4b forms electrode-electric container unit 6a, 6b or transformer-electrode-to unit.

Each of electrode capacitor unit 6a, 6b (or transformer-electrode-is to unit) are again by including four switches 2 Switching device connection and control, wherein two switch between have a centre cap 7.Switch 2 is controlled by control unit 3 It makes (referring to Fig. 6), control unit 3 is connected to each switch by S1, S2, S3, S4 respectively.

The line voltage of circuit provides (referring to Fig. 5) by voltage source 8.By using the rectifier of diode rectifier form 9 pairs of line voltages rectify.

In fig. 4 it is shown that the half bridging as frequency converter is arranged.Compared with full bridge arrangement, this half bridging arrangement It only include two switches.Centre cap 7 is placed on compared on low potential or high potential, is cut with alternately voltage and frequency Wave.

Example 1

There are four electronic switch (S1, S2, S3, S4) bridge joints such as FET, IGBT by tool for frequency converter according to the present invention Circuit constitutes (referring to Fig. 3).Bridgt circuit may be implemented as full-bridge and connect or half bridging.

There is centre cap between two switches, i.e., between switch S1 and S2 a centre cap and switch S3 and S4 The second centre cap.

110 to the 240V line voltage that net frequency is 50 to 60Hz is applied to circuit.By using diode rectification The rectifier of device form rectifies line voltage.

Electronic switch is controlled in the form of alternation by microcontroller on centre cap by the polarity of voltage.This is generated and alternating current Voltage amplitude is identical but the increased voltage of frequency.

It can change frequency by controlling microcontroller.It is applied more than 200kHz, the frequency of preferably 300kHz (Fig. 6, Fig. 7) Fp prevents from being electrolysed for Ohmic heating to be polarized again.However, the frequency applied depends on the performance of fluid and heater, And it must be determined for each new equipment.

Electrode and capacitor (or transformer) are connected to the centre cap of bridgt circuit.Electrode can be by any suitable material Material composition, such as aluminium.

Example 2: application of the Ohmic heating device in coffee machine

In the coffee machine of the prior art, required fluid is heated using various heating mechanisms or generates steam.These Mechanism includes gas fired-boiler, electric boiler, steam injection or fluid-mixing at two different temperatures.

Utilize the Novel connection afterflow heating equipment based on Ohmic Heating Technology according to the present invention, it now is possible to substitution heating Various fluids, such as water, milk, milk froth or syrup.In order to generate four kinds of variations of addition milk using individual system； Cold heat milk and cold heat milk froth, can in the cold state foaming milk or only conveying cold milk milk processing Ohmic heating equipment is used after unit, as shown in Figure 8.

Ohmic heating equipment be not necessarily necessarily placed in coffee machine and can be placed on milk processing unit it Somewhere afterwards.It therefore, can be all four to generate by opening or closing two modules of various combination by this set Dairy products.Provide the advantage that required dairy products can not need to set around the simple and streamlined of heating equipment Middle conveying is set, or uses vapor injection mechanism needed for prior art solution.

The water of various temperature needed for coffee machine is provided, to provide different types of product, such as coffee, tea, steam Or powder-product；Nowadays, using the mixture of boiler, stream heater, hot water and cold water or the combination of mentioned preparation method.

Using Ohmic heating equipment according to the present invention, as shown in Figure 9 and Figure 10, by after conventional boiler by the Europe Nurse heating equipment is used as booster stage or independent continuous flow heater, can simplify water preparation.

It is that can set accurate outlet temperature that water is heated using Ohmic heating equipment better than the advantages of Present solutions Degree, the instant variation of outlet temperature cause less without standby power consumption and since the size of heating equipment strongly reduces Maintenance.

Using the above-mentioned setting of Ohmic heating equipment can be used for by make water overheat and water be released to atmospheric pressure when Become steam to generate steam.