阅读说明：本技术 基于钢板弹簧的缓冲式速差防坠装置 (Buffer-type speed difference anti-fall device based on leaf spring ) 是由 王金鹏 杨凯 杨伟康 徐檑 桂晨晨 于 2019-10-07 设计创作，主要内容包括：本专利提供了一种既能可靠锁止,又能防止锁止时对人体产生较大作用力,具有缓冲效果的缓冲式速差防坠装置。其包括机架,中心轴,转动设置在中心轴上的鼓轮,卷绕在鼓轮上的安全绳；在机架与鼓轮圆盘之间的空间内设置棘爪、棘轮在内的锁止结构,在机架上固定棘轮导向装置,棘轮可相对于棘轮导向装置转动地设置在棘轮导向装置上,钢板弹簧的一端固定在中心轴上,另一端伸入棘轮内周上所开的滑槽内与滑槽滑动配合；棘爪套装在固定在鼓轮上的棘爪转轴上；当鼓轮沿工作方向转动的旋转速度超过锁止速度时,棘爪在离心力的作用力绕棘爪转轴转动,棘爪卡入棘轮槽,鼓轮和棘爪带动棘轮一起开始转动,在钢板弹簧的作用下,转动一定角度后即停止转动。(This patent, which provides one kind, secure ratcs and to generate the buffer-type speed difference anti-fall device compared with noticeable effort, with buffering effect to human body when preventing locking.It includes rack, central axis, the drum being rotatably arranged on central axis, the safety rope on drum；Locking structure including pawl, ratchet is set in the space between rack and drum disk, fixed ratchet wheel guiding device on the rack, ratchet can be rotatably arranged on ratchet guiding device relative to ratchet guiding device, one end of leaf spring is fixed on center shaft, and the other end is protruded into the sliding slot opened in ratchet inner circumferential and is in sliding fit with the sliding chute；Pawl is sleeved in the pawl shaft being fixed on drum；When drum is more than locking speed along the rotation speed that operative orientation rotates, pawl is rotated in the active force of centrifugal force around pawl shaft, and pawl is caught in ratchet slot, and drum and pawl drive ratchet to start turning together, under the action of leaf spring, stop operating after turning an angle.)

1. the buffer-type speed difference anti-fall device based on leaf spring, comprising: rack (23), the central axis being fixed on rack (23) (5), it is rotatably arranged on the drum on central axis (6) to be located in rack, the inner end of the safety rope (21) on drum (6) is solid It is scheduled on drum, outer end passes through rack (23) and extends outwardly；Drum (6) releases safety rope (21) when rotating along operative orientation, edge When the inoperative direction opposite with operative orientation rotates, withdraw safety rope (21)；It is characterized in that: in rack (23) and drum (6) The locking structure being arranged including pawl (7), ratchet (19) in space between disk；Tooth socket on ratchet is evenly arranged on ratchet (19) periphery, pawl (7) are located on the outside of ratchet periphery；Ratchet guiding dress is fixed in the rack opposite with drum disk It sets, ratchet guiding device includes overhead gage, the lower baffle plate with the both ends face contact of ratchet (19), is fixed on overhead gage and lower baffle plate Between arc panel, cambered surface and the ratchet inner circumferential of arc panel be slidably matched；The pivot center of ratchet (19) and the rotation of drum (6) Axis coaxle；Resistance can be applied to the ratchet (19) of rotation by being provided between central axis (5) and ratchet (19) inner circumferential, so that Ratchet tapers off the interior buffering damping device of rotation along operative orientation, and interior buffering damping device includes leaf spring (4), steel plate Spring (4) one end is fixed on central axis (5), and the other end protrudes into the sliding slot opened in ratchet (19) inner circumferential matches with sliding slot sliding It closes；

Pawl (7) is sleeved in the pawl shaft (15) being fixed on drum (6), and restricted pawl (7) are arranged on drum (6) The bumping post (10) swung around pawl shaft (15) along a direction, that is, rotation stop direction, is provided between drum (6) and pawl (7) Pawl (7) is made to be in contact with bumping post (10) elastic element of state under normal conditions；

When drum (6) is more than the locking speed of setting along the rotation speed that operative orientation rotates around central axis (5), pawl (7) It is rotated around pawl shaft (15) along the locking direction contrary with rotation stop in the active force of centrifugal force, the tip card of pawl (7) Enter the tooth socket of ratchet (19), drum (6) and pawl (7) drive ratchet (19) to start turning together along operative orientation, at this time including Under the action of buffering damping device, drum (6), pawl (7), ratchet (19) turn an angle and stop operating after a.

2. the buffer-type speed difference anti-fall device based on leaf spring as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: in ratchet (19) The safe block of prominent ratchet inner circumferential is set on week；Leaf spring (4) one end is extend into the sliding slot opened in safe block and sliding slot It is slidably matched；When the tip of pawl (7) is caught in the tooth socket of ratchet (19), drum (6) and pawl (7) drive ratchet (19) edge together Operative orientation turn an angle b when, safe block is contacted with arc panel (9), so that drum (6), pawl (7), ratchet (19) stop Rotation stop is dynamic；b≥a.

3. the buffer-type speed difference anti-fall device based on leaf spring as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: interior buffer damping fills Setting further includes interior buffering tension spring, and the both ends of interior buffering tension spring are connected with safe block and arc panel respectively；Interior buffering tension spring is in normality When to ratchet apply so that ratchet have along inoperative direction rotation trend pulling force.

4. the buffer-type speed difference anti-fall device based on leaf spring as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: in ratchet (19) The safe block of prominent ratchet inner circumferential is set on week；Leaf spring (4) one end is fixed in safe block；Interior buffering damping device also wraps Interior buffering pressure spring is included, the both ends of interior buffering pressure spring are connected with safe block and arc panel respectively；Interior buffering pressure spring is under normal conditions to spine Wheel applies so that ratchet has the elastic force along inoperative direction rotation trend；When the tip of pawl (7) is caught in the tooth of ratchet (19) When slot, drum (6) and pawl (7) drive ratchet (19) to turn an angle c along operative orientation together, interior buffer spring is complete It compresses, at this time rigid contact between arc panel, interior buffering pressure spring, safe block, so that drum (6), pawl (7), ratchet (19) stop Rotation stop is dynamic；c≥a.

5. the buffer-type speed difference anti-fall device based on leaf spring as described in any claim 1-4, it is characterized in that: it is also wrapped Include the safety rope recyclable device including wind spring (25), wind spring disk (22)；Across the central axis (5) of drum (6) and wind spring disk (22) Upper and lower ends be fixedly linked with rack (23), wind spring disk (22) be fixed on the lower part of drum (6) and be located at drum (6) lower part with Between rack, the one end for being located at the wind spring (25) in wind spring disk (22) is fixed on central axis (5), and the other end is fixed on wind spring disk (22) periphery；When applying external force in the outer end of safety rope, pull drum (6) and wind spring disk (22) along work by safety rope (21) When making direction rotation, wind spring (25) is taken up torque and is gradually increased；When external force release when, wind spring (25) drive wind spring disk (22) and Drum (6) is rotated along inoperative direction, and the safety rope length for stretching out rack is gradually shortened, and safety rope (21) is wound onto drum (6) on.

6. the buffer-type speed difference anti-fall device based on leaf spring as described in any claim 1-4, it is characterized in that: it is also wrapped Including outer buffering damping device, outer buffering damping device includes in one end connection rack and/or the outer buffering tension spring of safety rope outer end, The other end of outer buffering tension spring with the safety belt of the mount point of buffer-type speed difference anti-fall device and/or human body for being connected.

7. the buffer-type speed difference anti-fall device based on leaf spring as described in any claim 1-4, it is characterized in that: steel plate bullet Spring (4) has muti-piece, with center shaft axis axial symmetry arrangement.

Technical field

This patent is related to a kind of base when a kind of safety protective tools field more particularly to a kind of high altitude operation for worker In the buffer-type speed difference anti-fall device of leaf spring.

Background technique

High altitude operation and every infrastructure construction are like a raging fire, and requirement of the people to operational security is higher and higher.Peace The definition of full band and safety rope is no longer limited to traditional concept, according to the difference of use occasion, is extended to speed difference catching device, leads Rail catching device and rope catching device etc..Wherein, speed difference catching device be also known as speed difference automatic controller can satisfy changeable working environment and Production requirement, therefore be most widely used, occupation rate of market is probably the 80% of all catching devices, is more satisfactory at present anti- Falling from high altitude device, it fundamentally solves the problems, such as that high-altitude safe accident takes place frequently.

When high altitude operation, rack one end of speed difference catching device hangs on eminence, and safety rope stretches out the outer end of speed difference catching device It is hung on operator's waist (or tie up to complete band) on operator's waist, safety rope is servo-actuated with worker's operation.It When working principle is that normal operation is declined when operator is flat with normal speed, the safety rope on drum of catching device It follows human motion and releases and be maintained at suitable length, it is excessive or when falling once operator's decrease speed, due to Safety rope emitting rate exceeds normal speed, and catching device internal mechanical is had an effect, and drum is locked up, safety rope can not release, It avoids operator to continue to fall possible shocking damage, when operator restores to work normally, catching device can people Work unlock carries out security protection next time.

For high altitude operation personnel, speed difference catching device is essential safety device.But general high-altitude speed difference Catching device does not have pooling feature, i.e., just stops operating (certainly, safety rope is also no longer released) in the moment that drum is locked up, That is the speed moment of drum is reduced to zero, and also moment is reduced to zero to the decrease speed of operator, this causes to tie up to operator Safety rope outer end on member's waist (or complete band of operator's waist) generates compared with noticeable effort human body, tight to human injury Weight, therefore the research of the speed difference anti-fall device with pooling feature is necessary, has wide application prospect.

Summary of the invention

This patent, in the stop immediately of locking moment, very big problem is impacted to human body, provides one for speed difference catching device Kind secure ratcs and human body can be generated compared with noticeable effort when preventing locking, with buffering effect based on leaf spring Buffer-type speed difference anti-fall device, be used for worker's high altitude operation when security protection.

The purpose of this patent is achieved through the following technical solutions:

Buffer-type speed difference anti-fall device described in this patent based on leaf spring, comprising: rack 23 is fixed in rack 23 Central axis 5 is rotatably arranged on the drum 6 on central axis and is located in rack, and the inner end of the safety rope 21 on drum 6 is fixed On drum, outer end passes through rack 23 and extends outwardly；Drum 6 releases safety rope 21, edge and work side when rotating along operative orientation When rotating to opposite inoperative direction, safety rope 21 is withdrawn；It is characterized in that: the space between 6 disk of rack 23 and drum The interior locking structure being arranged including pawl 7, ratchet 19；Tooth socket on ratchet is evenly arranged on the periphery of ratchet 19, and pawl 7 is located at On the outside of ratchet periphery；It is fixed with ratchet guiding device in the rack opposite with drum disk, ratchet guiding device includes and spine Overhead gage, the lower baffle plate of the both ends face contact of wheel 19, the arc panel being fixed between overhead gage and lower baffle plate, the cambered surface of arc panel It is slidably matched with ratchet inner circumferential；The pivot center of ratchet 19 and the coaxial of drum 6；In central axis 5 and ratchet 19 Resistance can be applied to the ratchet 19 of rotation by being provided between week, so that ratchet tapers off the interior buffering of rotation along operative orientation Damping unit, interior buffering damping device include leaf spring 4, and 4 one end of leaf spring is fixed on central axis 5, and the other end protrudes into It is in sliding fit with the sliding chute in the sliding slot opened in 19 inner circumferential of ratchet；

Pawl 7 is sleeved in the pawl shaft 15 being fixed on drum 6, and restricted pawl 7 is arranged on drum 6 around pawl shaft 15 bumping posts 10 swung along a direction, that is, rotation stop direction, be provided between drum 6 and pawl 7 make under normal conditions pawl 7 with Bumping post 10 is in contact the elastic element of state；

When drum 6 is more than the locking speed of setting along the rotation speed that operative orientation rotates around central axis 5, pawl 7 is being centrifuged The active force of power is rotated around pawl shaft 15 along the locking direction contrary with rotation stop, and the tip of pawl 7 is caught in ratchet 19 Tooth socket, drum 6 and pawl 7 drive ratchet 19 to start turning together along operative orientation, at this time in the effect of interior buffering damping device Under, drum 6, pawl 7, ratchet 19 turn an angle and stop operating after a.

This patent the utility model has the advantages that when worker's high altitude operation, rack one end is relatively fixed to hang on eminence, outside safety rope 21 End is hung on worker's waist, and safety rope 21 is servo-actuated with worker's operation.In usually normal operation, 6 overall mechanism revolving speed of drum Very slowly namely the centrifugal force very little that is subject to of pawl 7 of 6 disk of drum, do not overcome elastic element to the active force of pawl 7, Pawl 7 lies substantially in the state being in contact with bumping post 10, will not rotate substantially around pawl shaft 15, so that 7 tip of pawl is not It can be contacted with ratchet 19, the drum 6 for being connected with pawl 7 can be rotated smoothly along operative orientation, and safety rope is gradually released.Once making It falls when industry, the power that safety rope outer end is dropped by human body drives 6 quick rotation of drum, when drum revolving speed reaches locking When speed, so that the pawl 7 on 6 disk of drum, by larger centrifugal force, pawl 7 overcomes the active force of elastic element and around spine Pawl shaft 15 rotates along locking direction, and 7 tip of pawl can snap on ratchet 19 in tooth socket, realizes a locking.Due to spine Wheel is not fixed in rack, but can be relative to gantry rotation, so drum, pawl still can bands when a locking Dynamic ratchet continues along operative orientation rotation namely ratchet 19 to follow rotation, and interior buffering damping device starts to play and make at this time With.The moment of flexure that ratchet 19 must overcome leaf spring 4 is just able to rotate, and leaf spring 4 plays the role of that ratchet 19 is hindered to rotate, right Ratchet plays the effect for hindering rotation and slowing down velocity of rotation, and such drum 6, pawl 7, ratchet 19 rotate together certain angle a Rotation is tapered off afterwards, secondary locking is realized, avoids locking of drum i.e. stop impact force caused by human body, reach Buffer function simultaneously realizes that secondary locking stops falling, and guarantees the safety of user.

The lockable mechanism of the compositions such as this pawl, ratchet is external toothing ratchet mechanism.When due to ratchet wheel, leaf spring Deformation occurs for meeting, is such as bent in the circumferential direction of central axis, so the both ends of leaf spring cannot be fixed simultaneously, one end is fixed When, the other end should be the free end of energy free extension.

Ratchet guiding device includes overhead gage, the lower baffle plate with the both ends face contact of ratchet 19, is fixed on overhead gage under The cambered surface of arc panel between baffle, arc panel is circumferentially slidably matched with ratchet.This ratchet guiding device structure is simple, to spine Wheel is axially and radially locating, and ratchet can only be rotated with center shaft axis.

As the further improvement to the above-mentioned buffer-type speed difference anti-fall device based on leaf spring, in 19 inner circumferential of ratchet The upper safe block that prominent ratchet inner circumferential is set；4 one end of leaf spring extend into the sliding slot opened in safe block and slides with sliding slot Cooperation；When the tip of pawl 7 is caught in the tooth socket of ratchet 19, drum 6 and pawl 7 drive ratchet 19 together along operative orientation rotation one When determining angle b, safe block is contacted with arc panel 9, so that drum 6, pawl 7, ratchet 19 stop operating；b≥a.

The structure is organic along the safety device of operative orientation rotation maximum angle with limitation ratchet interior buffering damping device Combine.When the arrangement works of this patent, under the action of interior buffering damping device, drum 6, pawl 7, ratchet 19 1 As turn an angle and taper off rotation after a.But it is also possible that the resistance generated to ratchet due to interior buffering damping device When stagnant active force is smaller or the failure of interior buffering damping device, cannot still it stop after drum 6, pawl 7,19 rotational angle a of ratchet Rotation, it is unexpected in order to prevent, it is necessary to which that for a limitation ratchet along the safety device of operative orientation rotation maximum angle, it can be It works when cannot still stop operating after 19 rotational angle a of ratchet, stop is carried out to ratchet.For the structure, arc Block, safe block etc. constitute safety device, and drum 6 and pawl 7 drive ratchet 19 to turn an angle b along operative orientation together When, safe block and 9 rigid contact of arc block, so that ratchet 19 stops operating.The safety device limits ratchet and turns along operative orientation Dynamic maximum angle is b.Maximum angle b >=a that obvious ratchet can be rotated along operative orientation.In this way, the present apparatus is interior buffering Damping unit, ratchet guiding device, safety device perfection organic unity are simple for structure to together.

Preferably, interior buffering damping device further includes interior buffering tension spring, it is interior buffering tension spring both ends respectively with safe block and arc Shape plate is connected；Interior buffering tension spring is under normal conditions applying ratchet so that ratchet has the pulling force along inoperative direction rotation trend. In this way, interior buffering tension spring and leaf spring play retardation to the rotation of ratchet jointly, meanwhile, interior buffering tension spring is connected to Between arc panel in safe block and ratchet guiding device, overall structure is simplified, but also work of the interior buffering tension spring to ratchet Firmly in the plane where ratchet, the power for applying axial direction to ratchet is prevented.

As the further improvement to the above-mentioned buffer-type speed difference anti-fall device based on leaf spring, in 19 inner circumferential of ratchet The upper safe block that prominent ratchet inner circumferential is set；4 one end of leaf spring is fixed in safe block；Interior buffering damping device further includes interior Pressure spring is buffered, the both ends of interior buffering pressure spring are connected with safe block and arc panel respectively；Interior buffering pressure spring is under normal conditions applying ratchet Add so that ratchet has the elastic force along inoperative direction rotation trend；When the tip of pawl 7 is caught in the tooth socket of ratchet 19, drum 6 When driving ratchet 19 to turn an angle c along operative orientation together with pawl 7, interior buffer spring is fully compressed, at this time arc Rigid contact between plate, interior buffering pressure spring, safe block, so that drum 6, pawl 7, ratchet 19 stop operating；c≥a.

In this way, interior buffering pressure spring and leaf spring play retardation to the rotation of ratchet jointly, meanwhile, interior buffering pressure Spring is connected between the arc panel in safe block and ratchet guiding device, simplifies overall structure, but also interior buffering pressure spring pair The active force of ratchet prevents the power for applying axial direction to ratchet in the plane where ratchet.

In addition, the structure rotates interior buffering damping device and limitation ratchet along operative orientation the safety device of maximum angle Organically combine.For the structure, arc panel, interior buffering pressure spring, safe block etc. constitute safety device, drum When wheel 6 and pawl 7 drive ratchet 19 to turn an angle c along operative orientation together, interior buffering pressure spring is fully compressed, at this time arc Rigid contact between shape plate, interior buffering pressure spring, safe block, so that drum 6, pawl 7, ratchet 19 stop operating.The safety device Limitation ratchet is c along the maximum angle that operative orientation rotates.Maximum angle c >=a that obvious ratchet can be rotated along operative orientation. The present apparatus interior buffering damping device, ratchet guiding device, safety device perfection organic unity to together, it is simple for structure.

As the further improvement to the above-mentioned buffer-type speed difference anti-fall device based on leaf spring, it further includes wind spring 25, the safety rope recyclable device including wind spring disk 22；Across the upper and lower ends and rack of drum 6 and the central axis 5 of wind spring disk 22 23 are fixedly linked, and wind spring disk 22 is fixed on the lower part of drum 6 and between 6 lower part of drum and rack, are located in wind spring disk 22 One end of wind spring 25 be fixed on central axis 5, the other end is fixed on the periphery of wind spring disk 22；Apply when in the outer end of safety rope External force, when pulling drum 6 and wind spring disk 22 to rotate along operative orientation by safety rope 21, wind spring 25 is taken up torque and is gradually increased Greatly；When external force release, wind spring 25 drives wind spring disk 22 and drum 6 to rotate along inoperative direction, stretches out the safe rope length of rack Degree is gradually shortened, and safety rope 21 is wound on drum 6.

As the further improvement to the above-mentioned buffer-type speed difference anti-fall device based on leaf spring, it further includes outer slow Rush damping unit, outer buffering damping device includes outer buffering in one end connection rack and/or the outer buffering tension spring of safety rope outer end The other end of tension spring with the safety belt of the mount point of buffer-type speed difference anti-fall device and/or human body for being connected.

When drum is more than locking speed along operative orientation velocity of rotation, pawl is swung because of centrifugal force, pawl tip card Enter when tooth socket on ratchet realizes a locking, secondary locking or effect of the rotating drum to maximum angle due to safety device And when stopping operating, since drum speed reduces suddenly, outer buffering tension spring is stretched, and reduces effect of the safety rope to human body Power further improves buffering effect.

As the further improvement to the above-mentioned buffer-type speed difference anti-fall device based on leaf spring, leaf spring 4 has Muti-piece, with center shaft axis axial symmetry arrangement.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 is the general assembly schematic diagram of the composite buffering formula speed difference anti-fall device of embodiment 1；

Fig. 2 is the perspective view of the composite buffering formula speed difference anti-fall device of embodiment 1；

Fig. 3 is the perspective view (removing upper spider etc.) of embodiment 1；

Fig. 4 is the top view (removing upper spider etc.) of embodiment 1；

Fig. 5 is the A-A sectional view of Fig. 4；

Fig. 6 is the B-B sectional view of Fig. 4；

Fig. 7 is the perspective view of disk, ratchet, pawl, central axis etc.；

Fig. 8 is the perspective view of drum, pawl, ratchet, wind spring disk etc.；

Fig. 9 is the perspective view of drum, wind spring disk etc.；

Figure 10 is the perspective view of wind spring disk, central axis etc.；

Figure 11 is the perspective view of wind spring disk, wind spring, central axis etc.；

Figure 12 is the perspective view of drum, wind spring disk, wind spring etc.；

Figure 13 is state diagram of drum under the action of interior buffering damping device when rotational angle a in embodiment 1；

Figure 14 is the perspective view of lower baffle plate, arc panel, ratchet in embodiment 1 etc.；

Figure 15 is the perspective view of overhead gage, lower baffle plate, arc panel in embodiment 1 etc.；

Figure 16 is the perspective view (eliminating upper spider etc.) of the composite buffering formula speed difference anti-fall device of embodiment 2；

Figure 17 is the perspective view of leaf spring, ratchet, pawl, arc panel, central axis of embodiment 2 etc.；

Figure 18 is the top view (removing upper spider etc.) of embodiment 2；

Figure 19 is the C-C sectional view of Figure 18；

Figure 20 is the D-D sectional view of Figure 18；

Figure 21 is the state diagram when drum in embodiment 2 stops operating under the action of safety device.

In figure, 1 first outer damped stretching spring, 2 second outer damped stretching springs, 4 leaf springs, 5 central axises, 51 Hole, 6 drums, 61 disks, 62 cylinders, 63 openings, 7 pawls, 8 pad posts, 9 arc panels (scotch), 10 pawl bumping posts, 11 Spring fastening screw, 12 interior buffering tension springs, 13 rope ports, 14 pawl extension springs, 15 pawl shafts, 16 circlips, 17 Pin, 18 rope columns, 19 ratchets buffer pressure springs in 20,21 safety ropes, 22 wind spring disks, 221 slots, 23 racks, on 231 Rack, lower 232 racks, 24 anti-wear sleeves, 25 wind springs, 26 overhead gages, 27 lower baffle plates, 28 safe blocks.

Specific embodiment

With reference to the accompanying drawing, this patent is described further: