阅读说明：本技术 一种空气柱塞式自清洁除尘的过滤系统及其过滤方法 (A kind of filtration system and its filter method of the automatically cleaning dedusting of air column plug ) 是由 孔学谦 于 2019-08-22 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种空气柱塞式自清洁除尘的过滤系统及其过滤方法,具体是通过静电纺丝技术将纳米纤维滤膜复合在HEPA滤网上,通过控制纳米纤维的尺寸、表面形态以及HEPA滤网的厚度使复合过滤材料的过滤阻力和过滤效果达到目标值。当复合过滤材料的过滤阻力下降至设定值时,通过反吹在过滤腔体内形成空气柱塞,当压力超过复合过滤材料的压降时,空气穿透复合过滤材料,附着于所述纳米纤维滤膜表层和浅层的颗粒物被吹离材料,复合过滤材料恢复过滤性能。本发明可实现过滤材料的自清洁再生的目的。(The invention discloses the filtration systems and its filter method of a kind of air column plug automatically cleaning dedusting, nanofiber filter membrane is compounded on HEPA strainer particular by electrostatic spinning technique, so that the filtration resistance of composite filter material and filter effect is reached target value by the thickness of the size of control nanofiber, configuration of surface and HEPA strainer.When the filtration resistance of composite filter material drops to setting value, air ram is formed in filter cavity by blowback, when pressure is more than the pressure drop of composite filter material, air penetration composite filter material, the particulate matter of nanofiber filter membrane surface layer and shallow-layer is attached to by the material that blows off, composite filter material restores strainability.The regenerated purpose of automatically cleaning of filtering material can be achieved in the present invention.)

1. a kind of filtration system of air column plug automatically cleaning dedusting characterized by comprising

Air column plug back-blowing device, the air column plug back-blowing device include that both ends are respectively equipped with air inlet and air outlet Filter cavity, the filter cavity side are equipped with blowback air inlet, are respectively equipped with non-return on the air outlet and blowback air inlet Valve；

Composite filter material, the composite filter material are set in filter cavity between air inlet and blowback air inlet Position, the composite filter material include HEPA strainer and the nanofiber filter membrane that HEPA screen surface is arranged in, and are equipped with nanometer The one of fibrous filter membrane is facing towards air inlet.

2. a kind of filtration system of air column plug automatically cleaning dedusting according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described HEPA strainer uses electret PP cotton, with a thickness of 0.5-5mm；When filtering velocity is 5.3cm/s, filtration resistance 30-200Pa, PM0.3 Filter efficiency be 80-99.9%.

3. a kind of filtration system of air column plug automatically cleaning dedusting according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described to receive Rice fibrous filter membrane is 20- using one of PAN, PVDF, PES ultrafiltration membrane, the fibre diameter of the nanofiber filter membrane 500nm；When filtering velocity is 5.3cm/s, the filter efficiency of filtration resistance 30-150Pa, PM0.3 are 80-99.9%.

4. a kind of filtration system of air column plug automatically cleaning dedusting according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described to receive Rice fibrous filter membrane is using the method spinning of electric drawing-off on the surface of HEPA strainer.

5. a kind of filtration system of air column plug automatically cleaning dedusting according to claim 1, which is characterized in that work as filtering velocity When for 5.3cm/s, the filtration resistance of the composite filter material is 30-200Pa, and the filter efficiency of PM0.3 is 75-99.9%.

6. a kind of filtration system of air column plug automatically cleaning dedusting according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described anti- Blowing rate is 8-100cm/s.

7. a kind of filtration system of air column plug automatically cleaning dedusting according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described anti- The wind pressure blown is 100-1500Pa.

8. a kind of filtration system of air column plug automatically cleaning dedusting according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described multiple Filtering material is closed to be mounted in filter cavity by filtering material clamping plate.

9. a kind of filter method of air column plug automatically cleaning dedusting, which is characterized in that particular by electric drawing-off spining technology Nanofiber filter membrane is compounded on HEPA strainer, the size of control nanofiber, configuration of surface and HEPA strainer are passed through Thickness makes the filtration resistance of composite material and filter effect reach target value；It is set when the filtration resistance of composite filter material drops to When definite value, air ram is formed in filter cavity by blowback, when pressure is more than the pressure drop of composite filter material, air is worn Saturating composite filter material is attached to the particulate matter of nanofiber filter membrane surface layer and shallow-layer by the material that blows off, combined filtration material Material restores strainability.

10. a kind of filter method of air column plug automatically cleaning dedusting according to claim 9, which is characterized in that described The technological parameter of electric drawing-off spinning are as follows: dissolved with 30-125 DEG C of the liquid mixture temperature of polymer, the mass concentration of polymer is 3-40%, voltage 10-70kV, receive distance 3-30cm, rate of flooding 0.1-10mL/h, 15-35 DEG C of environment temperature, ambient humidity 5-80%.

Technical field

The present invention relates to the filtration arts of solid particulate materials in gas stream, and in particular to a kind of air column plug from Clean the filtration system and its filter method of dedusting.

Background technique

HEPA strainer is thinner because technological problems its fibers is difficult to manufacture, and the effect for intercepting particulate matter using filtering is limited, Electrostatic absorption principle filtration of particulate matters is relied primarily on, electret effect can be with the extension of time or increasing in fast for absorption pollutant The problem of fast downward trend causes material to lose Electrostatic Absorption efficiency, and electrostatic disappears limits its application space；Simultaneously also by The limitation of dust containing capacity, after adsorbance reaches certain value, material is blocked, and fluid resistance rises, and is difficult desorption and regeneration；In addition, To guarantee that interception effect, HEPA strainer need certain thickness, it is larger to also result in its filtration resistance.

Fiber of the diameter less than 1000 nanometers is known as nano-fiber material, which has intercepting efficiency because its aperture is smaller Feature high, resistance is small.But itself intensity is poor, and other materials is needed to support, and could guarantee its material under certain wind speed Integrality.

Nano-fiber material and HEPA strainer is compound, it realizes performance complement, not only can guarantee the intensity of material, but also can be improved Filter efficiency and the service life for increasing material.However, such composite filter material with filtration time extension its cross filtration resistance Power rises, filter efficiency decline, has no corresponding settling mode in the prior art to guarantee filter efficiency or realize filtering material Automatically cleaning recycle.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide the filtration system and its filter method of a kind of air column plug automatically cleaning dedusting, Realize the automatically cleaning of filtering material.It is contained therein by filtration theory it is found that when fluid passes through filtering material with certain speed Solid particulate matter rests on filtering material surface or inside since the effects of interception, inertia, diffusion, gravity, electrostatic is trapped. Nanofiber aperture is smaller, can intercept most particulate matters in fiber surface.Since particulate matter does not enter pore interior, because This can be removed it by the method for blowback, realize the regeneration of material.

To reach above-mentioned purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a kind of filtering of air column plug automatically cleaning dedusting System, including air column plug back-blowing device and composite filter material, in which: the air column plug back-blowing device includes both ends Be respectively equipped with the filter cavity of air inlet and air outlet, the filter cavity side is equipped with blowback air inlet, the air outlet and Check-valves is respectively equipped on blowback air inlet；The composite filter material be set in filter cavity be located at air inlet and blowback into Position between air port, the composite filter material include HEPA strainer and the nanofiber filter that HEPA screen surface is arranged in Film, equipped with nanofiber filter membrane one facing towards air inlet.

In above structure, when the filtration resistance of the composite filter material drops to setting value, stop filtering, from described Blowback air inlet enters air, and the air outlet check-valves can be automatically closed, and prevents air from releasing filter cavity from air outlet.From The air that the blowback air inlet enters forms air ram in the filter cavity, when pressure is more than that air passes through compound mistake When the pressure drop of filter material material, air penetration composite filter material is discharged from the air inlet.In the process, it is attached to described receive The particulate matter of rice fibrous filter membrane surface layer and shallow-layer restores strainability by the material that blows off, composite material.

Preferably, the HEPA strainer uses electret PP cotton, with a thickness of 0.5-5mm；When filtering velocity is 5.3cm/s, mistake Filtration resistance power is 30-200Pa, and the filter efficiency of PM0.3 is 80-99.9%.

Preferably, the nanofiber filter membrane is using one of PAN, PVDF, PES ultrafiltration membrane, the nanofiber The fibre diameter of filter membrane is 20-500nm；When filtering velocity is 5.3cm/s, the filter efficiency of filtration resistance 30-150Pa, PM0.3 For 80-99.9%.

Preferably, the nanofiber filter membrane uses the method spinning of electric drawing-off on the surface of HEPA strainer, pass through control The size and configuration of surface of nanofiber processed make nanofiber filter membrane reach target to the filtration resistance and filter effect of PM0.3 Value.

Preferably, the filtration resistance of the composite filter material is 30-200Pa, PM0.3 when filtering velocity is 5.3cm/s Filter efficiency be 75-99.9%.

Preferably, the blowback rate is 8-100cm/s.

Preferably, the wind pressure of the blowback is 100-1500Pa.

Preferably, the composite filter material is mounted in filter cavity by filtering material clamping plate.

A kind of filter method of air column plug automatically cleaning dedusting, particular by electric drawing-off spining technology by nanofiber Filter membrane is compounded on HEPA strainer, is made by the thickness of the size of control nanofiber, configuration of surface and HEPA strainer compound The filtration resistance and filter effect of material reach target value；When the filtration resistance of composite filter material drops to setting value, lead to It crosses blowback and forms air ram in filter cavity, when pressure is more than the pressure drop of composite filter material, the compound mistake of air penetration Filter material material is attached to the particulate matter of nanofiber filter membrane surface layer and shallow-layer by the material that blows off, and composite filter material restored Filter performance.

Preferably, the technological parameter of the electricity drawing-off spinning are as follows: dissolved with the liquid mixture temperature 30-125 of polymer DEG C, the mass concentration of polymer is 3-40%, voltage 10-70kV, receives distance 3-30cm, rate of flooding 0.1-10mL/h, ring 15-35 DEG C of border temperature, ambient humidity 5-80%.

The present invention compares with the prior art, the beneficial effect is that: the present invention is by nano-fiber material and HEPA strainer It combines, by air column plug backflow structure, realizes material automatically cleaning and renewable function.Nano-fiber material is as filtering The outer layer of material, most particulate matters are filtered by fiber filter disc first in air-flow, are intercepted on the surface layer of filtering material；Remaining Grain object is retained by the HEPA internal layer of filtering material.It, can be clear by blowback since particulate matter is attached to fiber filter surface Except the particulate matter on filtering material surface, the regeneration of material is realized, it is reusable.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 is overall structure diagram of the invention.

Fig. 2 is the filtration condition schematic diagram of composite filter material in the present invention.

Fig. 3 is the blowback state schematic diagram of composite filter material in the present invention.

In figure: 1, air inlet；2, filter cavity；3, composite filter material, 301, nanofiber filter membrane, 302, HEPA filter Net；4, filtering material clamping plate；5, blowback air inlet check-valves；6, blowback air inlet；7, air outlet check-valves；8, air outlet.

Specific embodiment

In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, below by embodiment and in conjunction with attached Figure, is described in further detail the present invention.