阅读说明：本技术 气动热力联合试验的试验装置 (The experimental rig of aerothermodynamic Combined Trials ) 是由 高宗战 岳珠峰 陈志翔 党扬帆 耿小亮 张可 杜辉 于 2019-09-18 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种试验装置,用于对试验件进行气动热力联合试验。所述试验装置包括施力装置、施热装置以及限位杆。所述施力装置与所述试验件表面连接,用于向所述试验件施加拉力或压力。所述施热装置具有至少一个发热面,所述发热面与所述试验件表面平行,用于对所述试验件加热。所述限位杆两端分别于所述施热装置连接,且中部与所述试验件相抵。本发明的实验装置能够在试验件在受力发生位移时,使施热装置同步位移,从而保障试验件保持定受热,提高试验可靠性。(The present invention provides a kind of experimental rig, for carrying out aerothermodynamic Combined Trials to testpieces.The experimental rig includes force application apparatus, heat application device and gag lever post.The force application apparatus is connect with the testpieces surface, for applying pulling force or pressure to the testpieces.The heat application device has at least one heating surface, and the heating surface is parallel with the testpieces surface, for heating to the testpieces.The gag lever post both ends are connected respectively at the heat application device, and middle part offsets with the testpieces.Experimental provision of the invention can make heat application device synchronous shift in testpieces when stress is subjected to displacement, to ensure that testpieces keeps fixed heated, improve test reliability.)

1. a kind of experimental rig, for carrying out aerothermodynamic Combined Trials to a testpieces characterized by comprising

Force application apparatus is connect with the testpieces surface, for applying pulling force or pressure to the testpieces；

Heat application device has at least one heating surface, and the heating surface is parallel with the testpieces surface, for the test Part heating；

Gag lever post offsets with the testpieces surface, and connect with the heat application device.

2. experimental rig according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the heat application device includes:

Multiple cradling pieces, can interconnect the multiple frames of composition, and the frame is connect with the gag lever post；

Multiple heating tubes are removably installed on the frame, form heating surface.

3. experimental rig according to claim 2, which is characterized in that heat application device, further includes:

Fixed-hinged support is oppositely arranged with the gag lever post, and is connect with the frame.

4. experimental rig according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the table of the quantity of the heating tube and the testpieces Area is positively correlated.

5. experimental rig according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the force application apparatus includes:

One end of multi-grade lever, the multi-grade lever is connected with pressurized strut, and the other end is connect with the testpieces surface.

6. experimental rig according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the multi-grade lever, comprising:

Multiple load thick sticks, are interconnected by connecting rod；

First connecting rod, between a load thick stick and the pressurized strut, both ends respectively with the pressurized strut and it is described plus Carry thick stick connection；

Second connecting rod, between the load thick stick, both ends are connected from different load thick sticks respectively；

Third connecting rod, between a load thick stick and the testpieces, both ends respectively with the load thick stick and the examination Test part connection.

7. experimental rig according to claim 6, which is characterized in that described device further include:

Force block, between the third connecting rod and the testpieces, by rubber cushion blocks and the third connecting rod with And the testpieces connection, wherein the rubber cushion blocks are heat-resisting material.

8. experimental rig according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the cradling piece is refractory metal material.

9. experimental rig according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the testpieces is the composition of hypersonic aircraft Material.

10. experimental rig according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the gag lever post is used in the testpieces stress When generating displacement, the heat application device is driven to generate corresponding displacement.

Technical field

The present invention relates to test device technical field more particularly to a kind of test dresses for aerothermodynamic Combined Trials It sets.

Background technique

Hypersonic aircraft has the characteristics that high maneuverability, remote precision strike, can effectively reduce attack time, increases Strong prominent anti-and anti-defence capability, becomes one of important development direction of aerospace field.

With increasing substantially for hypersonic aircraft desin speed, pneumatic thermal environment becomes more and more harsher.Sternly High temperature caused by the Aerodynamic Heating of weight can significantly reduce the strength degree and Flight Vehicle Structure of hypersonic aircraft material Bearing capacity makes structure generate thermal deformation, destroys the aerodynamic configuration of component and influence the security performance of Flight Vehicle Structure.To guarantee The safety of hypersonic aircraft, confirms whether the material of aircraft and structure can stand generated heat punching when high-speed flight It hits and high temperature thermal stress damage, it is necessary to pneumatic thermal modeling test be carried out to hypersonic aircraft material and structure or calorific intensity is tried It tests.Currently, being often subjected to displacement after testpieces stress when carrying out heating power Combined Trials to above-mentioned material or structure, and cause Heating position changes, so that testpieces is caused test data inaccurate by thermally labile.

It should be noted that the information in the invention of above-mentioned background technology part is only used for reinforcing the reason to background of the invention Solution, therefore may include the information not constituted to the prior art known to persons of ordinary skill in the art.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of experimental rigs, for carrying out aerothermodynamic Combined Trials, energy to testpieces Testpieces is enough ensured by thermostabilization, to improve the reliability of thermal performance test.

The experimental rig includes force application apparatus, heat application device and gag lever post.The force application apparatus and the testpieces Surface connection, for applying pulling force or pressure to the testpieces.The heat application device has at least two heating surfaces, the hair Hot face is parallel with the inclined surface of the testpieces, for heating to the testpieces.The gag lever post and the testpieces Inclined surface offsets, and connect with the heat application device.

In a kind of exemplary embodiment of the disclosure, the heat application device includes: multiple cradling pieces and multiple heating tubes. The cradling piece can interconnect the multiple frames of composition, and the frame is connect with the gag lever post；Multiple heating tubes are removable It is installed on unloading on the frame, forms heating surface.

In a kind of exemplary embodiment of the disclosure, the heat application device further include: fixed-hinged support, with the limit Bar is oppositely arranged, and is connect with the frame.

In a kind of exemplary embodiment of the disclosure, the surface area of the quantity of the heating tube and the testpieces is in just It is related.

In a kind of exemplary embodiment of the disclosure, the force application apparatus includes: multi-grade lever, the multi-grade lever One end is connected with pressurized strut, and the other end is connect with the testpieces surface.

In a kind of exemplary embodiment of the disclosure, the multi-grade lever, comprising: multiple load thick sticks pass through connecting rod It interconnects；First connecting rod, between a load thick stick and the pressurized strut, both ends respectively with the pressurized strut and institute State load thick stick connection；Second connecting rod, between the load thick stick, both ends are connected from different load thick sticks respectively；Third connects Extension bar, between a load thick stick and the testpieces, both ends are connect with the load thick stick with the testpieces respectively.

In a kind of exemplary embodiment of the disclosure, the force application apparatus further include: force block is located at the third and connects Between extension bar and the testpieces, it is connect with the third connecting rod；Cushion block, upper and lower surface respectively with the force block and institute Testpieces surface bonding is stated, and is heat-resisting material.

In a kind of exemplary embodiment of the disclosure, the cradling piece is refractory metal material.

In a kind of exemplary embodiment of the disclosure, the testpieces is hypersonic aircraft material.

The beneficial effect of the experimental rig of the disclosure compared with prior art is:

Offseted by gag lever post with testpieces and connect with heat application device, can when testpieces has displacement heat application device with The movement of testpieces and move, prevent testpieces from causing uneven heating even because of displacement, can be improved testpieces temperature field Stability.Since the thermal performance test to testpieces carries out simultaneously with power performance test, to improve the reliability of test.

It should be understood that above general description and following detailed description be only it is exemplary and explanatory, not It can the limitation present invention.

Detailed description of the invention

It is described in detail its exemplary embodiment by referring to accompanying drawing, the above and other feature and advantage of the disclosure will become It obtains more obvious.It should be evident that the accompanying drawings in the following description is only some embodiments of the present disclosure, it is common for this field For technical staff, without creative efforts, it is also possible to obtain other drawings based on these drawings.Attached In figure:

Fig. 1 is the heat application device of disclosure embodiment and the schematic diagram of gag lever post；

Fig. 2 is the testpieces stress diagram of disclosure embodiment；

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the anchor tip of disclosure embodiment；

Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the experimental provision of disclosure embodiment；

Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the force application apparatus of disclosure embodiment；

Fig. 6 is the testpieces of disclosure embodiment and the schematic diagram of force block.

In figure: 1, testpieces；2, heat application device；3, gag lever post；4, heating tube；5, first support bar；6, second support bar； 7, third cradling piece；8, anchor tip；9, connecting hole；10, fixation hole；11, pressurized strut；12, first connecting rod；13, second connects Extension bar；14, third connecting rod；15, thick stick is loaded；16, force block.

Specific embodiment

Example embodiment is described more fully with reference to the drawings.However, example embodiment can be with a variety of shapes Formula is implemented, and is not understood as limited to example set forth herein；On the contrary, these embodiments are provided so that the disclosure will comprehensively and Completely, and by the design of example embodiment comprehensively it is communicated to those skilled in the art.Described feature, structure or characteristic It can be incorporated in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.In the following description, it provides many specific thin Section fully understands embodiment of the present disclosure to provide.It will be appreciated, however, by one skilled in the art that this can be practiced Disclosed technical solution, or can be using other methods etc. without one or more in the specific detail.At it In the case of it, known solution is not shown in detail or described to avoid fuzzy all aspects of this disclosure.

Term " one " and "the" to indicate there are one or more elements/component part/etc.；Term " comprising " and " tool Have " to indicate the open meaning being included and refer to that the element/component part/in addition to listing can also deposit other than waiting Other element/component part/etc..

Disclosure embodiment provides a kind of experimental rig, which is used to carry out aerothermodynamic connection to a testpieces Close test.As shown in Figure 1, there are two inclined surfaces for the tool of testpieces 1.The testpieces 1 can be dove-tail form structure or triangular prism Structure, but disclosure embodiment is without being limited thereto.As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, which includes heat application device 2 and two limits Position bar 3；And act on the force application apparatus of testpieces inclined surface 6.Wherein:

Force application apparatus is located at the top of the inclined surface 6 of testpieces, and Xiang Suoshu testpieces 1 applies pressure or pulling force.Examination Test the inside that part 1 is located at heat application device, heat application device surround and testpieces 1 around.Heat application device is the frame of prismatic structures Frame, there are two heating surfaces 2 for frame tool, and two heating surfaces 2 and two inclined surfaces of testpieces are parallel to each other.And heat application fills The structure set is not limited to this, and shape and structure is depending on the shape and structure of testpieces.Two gag lever posts 3 are mounted on heat application On device, and the inclined surface 6 of one end and testpieces 1 offsets.

Disclosure embodiment is against the inclined surface of testpieces 1 by two gag lever posts 3, in force application apparatus to testpieces When 1 inclined surface 6 applies pressure or pulling force, there may be displacements for testpieces 1, it is thus possible to drive gag lever post 3 and testpieces 1 It is common mobile, and gag lever post 3 is connect with heat application device 2, so that heat application device can also be moved with the movement of testpieces, to make Heat application device 2 is evenly heated on the surface of testpieces 1, is conducive to the thermal stress for preferably measuring testpieces 1, is improved experimental data Accuracy and reliability.

Each section of the fixture of tensile test apparatus in disclosure embodiment is described in detail below:

In the present context, " first ", " second ", " third " etc. only use as the label of corresponding object, not logarithm Amount or sequence cause to limit.

In this example embodiment, testpieces can be used for making hypersonic aircraft, such as space shuttle, guided missile Deng, thus testpieces can be metal material or composite material, inside can have beam and rib.

As shown in Figure 1, in one embodiment, heat application device 2 may include multiple cradling pieces, multiple cradling pieces can connect Connect composition various shape structure frame, such as rectangle, triangle etc., therefore heat application device can have rectangle, triangle or The heating surface of person's other shapes.Heat application device may include multiple cradling pieces and multiple heating tubes.Embodiment shown in Fig. 1 In, heat application device includes 12 cradling pieces, and 12 cradling pieces constitute tetragonous column type frame structure.Wherein, the both ends of heating tube 4 point It is not removably installed on two first support bars 5, to form the heating surface of heat application device.Heat application device may include two A heating surface, and heating surface is parallel with two inclined surfaces of testpieces 1.It is arranged on first support bar 5 for fixing heating tube Groove, heating tube 4 can be fixed on first support bar 5 by fluorescent tube clip by the groove in heating tube, and fluorescent tube clip can To be T5, T10 fluorescent tube clip etc., but disclosure embodiment is without being limited thereto.The both ends of above-mentioned two first support bar 5 respectively with Two third cradling pieces 7 are connected, and form the heating surface of rectangle.Heat application device may include the heating surface of two rectangles, testpieces It is placed between two rectangle heating surfaces, the surface of testpieces 1 is heated by heating tube fever.Lead between two heating surfaces It crosses 4 second support bars 6 to be connected, constitutes a tetragonous column type frame structure.Multiple heating tubes on first support bar 5 are parallel to each other It is fixed, it is uniformly distributed, quantity is directly proportional to the surface area of testpieces, and the surface area of testpieces is bigger, and the quantity of heating tube is got over More, the length of first support bar 5 is also longer.Gag lever post 3 passes through second support bar 7 and second support bar 7 connects, and limits The one end of bar 3 is contacted with 1 surface of testpieces, resists testpieces.Gag lever post can be refractory metal material, and gag lever post Quantity can be arranged according to actual needs, such as 4,3 etc., and present embodiment does not limit this.

It should be understood that the structure of above-mentioned tetragonous column type frame is merely illustrative, in the other embodiment party of the disclosure In formula, heat application device 2 can also be other structures, as long as can serve the same role, this will not be detailed here.

As shown in Fig. 2, in one embodiment, four gag lever posts are connected with cradling piece 7 respectively, and position is opposite two-by-two. Force application apparatus can apply pressure or pulling force to testpieces 1, and the direction for the power that gag lever post 3 can be applied with force application apparatus is flat Row；Alternatively, parallel with the cradling piece 6 of two sides on heat application device；Further, it is also possible to be installed on cradling piece 7 otherwise, Such as the surface etc. perpendicular to testpieces 1, the present embodiment does not do particular determination to this.If force application apparatus applies testpieces 1 Pulling force, then testpieces 1 may be mobile to the direction of pulling force, that is, it upward deflects, and in 4 gag lever posts 3, two of them limit One end of bar is against the upper surface of testpieces 1, other two gag lever post is against the lower surface of testpieces 1, therefore gag lever post 3 will It is driven by testpieces 1, is consistent with the motion state of testpieces.Also, gag lever post 3 is connected with cradling piece 7, therefore gag lever post 3 will drive the movement of cradling piece 7, so that the entire frame of heat application device is moved with the movement of testpieces, be installed on frame Heating tube can carry out uniform and stable heating to testpieces while testpieces stress on frame, realize the heat to testpieces Power Combined Trials.

In the exemplary embodiment, in order to provide the temperature field of stable and uniform to testpieces, heating tube can be quartz Heater.Multiple quartz heaters can be uniformly mounted on cradling piece 7, and each heating surface may include about 20 quartz heatings Device, two heating surfaces up and down of heat application device may include about 40 quartz heaters.Each quartz heater is to testpieces table The distance in face can be equal, which can be arranged according to test requirements document, such as 10cm, 20cm etc..Quartz heater mutually it Between distance can also be adjusted according to the actual effect of test, for example, 20cm, 50cm etc..Certainly, according to testpieces surface area Size and actual tests needs, the distance between the quantity of heating tube, heating tube and heating tube to testpieces surface Distance can be adjusted.

Also, above-mentioned quartz heater is merely illustrative, and in the other embodiments of the disclosure, heating tube may be used also To be instrument that other are capable of radiant heat.

With reference to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, in this example embodiment, when building experimental rig, need for experimental rig to be fixed on Testing stand, testpieces one end can be connect by anchor tip 8 with testing stand, so that entire experimental rig be enable to stablize.Examination Testing platform can be built by multiple crossbeams and stringer, and it is fixed on the planes such as ground or desktop.The quantity of anchor tip 8 May include it is multiple, such as 2,4 etc., present embodiment does not limit this.The position phase of anchor tip 8 and gag lever post 3 It is right, it is connected to another surface of the testpieces other than above-mentioned two inclined surface.Wherein, the surface phase of connecting hole 9 and testpieces 1 Even, anchor tip is then hinged by bolt and is connected to a crossbeam of testing stand by fixation hole 10.It should be understood that above-mentioned fixation connects The structure of head is merely illustrative, and in disclosure other embodiment, anchor tip 8 can also be other structures, as long as It can serve the same role, this will not be detailed here.

In one embodiment, cradling piece 6 heat application device can be fixed by connecting with fixed-hinged support.And And the cradling piece for connecting the fixed-hinged support is opposite with the position of gag lever post 3, is connected and fixed the side of connector in testpieces 1. In conjunction with shown in Fig. 1 and 2, in testpieces stress, testpieces 1 can generate rotation, position as axis using the side for being connected and fixed connector 8 Cradling piece 6 in the same side is connect with fixed-hinged support, to make the entire frame of heat application device be rotated, and rotation direction It is consistent with testpieces rotation direction.Therefore, in being tested in combination testpieces progress Aerodynamic Heating, power, to testpieces force Meanwhile stable temperature field can be provided for testpieces, and then improve the reliability and accuracy of test data.

In illustrative embodiments, force application apparatus may include hydraulic actuator, can be to test by hydraulic actuator Part applies pressure or pulling force, and then the performances such as the bearing capacity of testing experiment part and thermal deformation at high temperature.Pass through liquid Pressure pressurized strut acts on the surface with testpieces 1, and there is a stress point on the surface of testpieces 1, in order to make the surface of testpieces 1 The power of hydraulic actuator can be separated into multiple power by multi-grade lever, to act on testpieces 1 by uniform force Many places stress point makes 1 surface uniform stressed of testpieces.

As shown in Figure 4 and 5, the power of hydraulic actuator is dispersed on 8 stress points by three-level lever, acts on test The surface of part 1.Specifically, hydraulic actuator 11 is connect by first connecting rod 12 with load thick stick 15, load thick stick 15 passes through second Connecting rod 13 is connect with the load thick stick of the second level.Second connecting rod 13 can be two, so that hydraulic actuation on thick stick 15 will be loaded The power that cylinder applies is divided into two, the two power are respectively acting on two load thick sticks, the two load thick sticks load thick stick as the second level. The second level loads thick stick and is connected again by the second connecting rod 13 with third level load thick stick, will be respectively acting on two second level loads Two power on thick stick are divided into four, this four power are respectively acting on four third level load thick sticks.Third level load thick stick passes through third Connecting rod is connected to testpieces surface, and power is finally divided into 8, acts on 8, the surface stress point of testpieces 1.Wherein, First connecting rod 12 is for connecting hydraulic actuator and load thick stick 15, and the second connecting rod 13 is connected between multiple load thick sticks, That is, what the both ends of the second connecting rod connected is load thick stick, third connecting rod 14 is connected to the table of load thick stick 15 and testpieces 1 Face.The first order loads thick stick, the second level loads thick stick and third level load thick stick material and shape, structure can be identical.Also, first connects Extension bar, the second connecting rod and third connecting rod are that heat-resisting material is made, and shape and structure can also be identical.Multiple load thick sticks Joining Technology between multiple connecting rods, between pressurized strut and connecting rod can also be identical.

In illustrative embodiments, third connecting rod can be connect with a force block, which connect with testpieces again, It can prevent from that testpieces surface is caused to concentrate stress, as shown in Figure 6.Force block 16 can be with third connecting rod and testpieces Surface bonding, to testpieces surface applied force.Alternatively, 16 upper surface of force block can be Nian Jie with a rubber cushion blocks, by this Rubber cushion blocks are connected with third connecting rod 14, and 16 lower surface of force block is also Nian Jie with a rubber cushion blocks, passes through the rubber pad Block is Nian Jie with testpieces surface, and disclosure embodiment is not limited.

Using in present embodiment experimental rig carry out aerothermodynamic Combined Trials when, can testpieces surface not It changes with time with arrangement thermocouple and high temperature strain foil, the temperature and strain for measuring testpieces at position.Pass through voltage control System processed control electric cabinet is to heating tube output voltage, so that the outside radiations heat energy of heating tube, and pass through control hydraulic actuator To testpieces surface applied force.Illustratively, it can first control hydraulic actuator and basic load is applied to testpieces surface, until Reach test requirements document, then to heating tube output voltage, Control experiment part temperature rises, keeps and declines, and record testpieces exists Every test index when temperature change, to complete to test.

Those skilled in the art will readily occur to other embodiments of the present invention after considering specification and practice.This Application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention, these variations, uses, or adaptations are abided by Follow general principle of the invention and including common knowledge or conventional techniques in the art.Description and embodiments It is considered only as illustratively, true scope and spirit of the invention are pointed out by the attached claims.