阅读说明：本技术 一种红土镍矿闪速炉还原熔炼生产镍铁的方法 (A kind of method of lateritic nickel ore Flash Smelting Furnace reduction melting production ferronickel ) 是由 李举孝 于 2019-09-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及火法冶炼技术领域,具体为一种红土镍矿闪速炉还原熔炼生产镍铁的方法,闪速还原熔炼时间短、速度快,还原时间在1分钟之内完成,生产效率高,节能环保；炉渣中的铁还原出来,制得含铁的半钢合金,再冶炼成合格钢水,同时还得到矿热炉渣,该矿热炉渣可以作为水泥熟料送水泥厂生产优质水泥,工艺简单,流程短,且能够冶炼回收合格的钢水和制造水泥,经济效益好且利于环保,经多级旋风干燥、预还原的热物料直接进入回转窑进行焙烧,一方面取到物料缓冲作用,可避免热物料直接入炉时的堵料问题；另一方面,通过回转窑的进一步预还原焙烧,可实现物料的团聚,避免粉状物料直接入炉引发的设备与操作安全。(The present invention relates to pyrometallurgical smelting technical field, specially a kind of method of lateritic nickel ore Flash Smelting Furnace reduction melting production ferronickel, the flash reduction melting time is short, speed is fast, and the recovery time completes within 1 minute, high production efficiency, energy conservation and environmental protection；Iron in clinker restores, iron-containing half steel alloy is made, qualified molten steel is smelted into again, mineral hot furnace slag is also obtained simultaneously, the mineral hot furnace slag can be used as clinker and cement plant sent to produce high grade cement, simple process, process is short, and the qualified molten steel of recycling and manufacture cement can be smelted, it is good in economic efficiency and be conducive to environmental protection, through multistage cyclone, dry, prereduction thermal material is directly entered rotary kiln and is roasted, and on the one hand gets material buffer effect, can avoid putty problem when thermal material directly enters furnace；On the other hand, by the further prereduction roasting of rotary kiln, it can be achieved that the reunion of material, avoids granular material from directly entering the equipment and safe operation of furnace initiation.)

1. a kind of method of lateritic nickel ore Flash Smelting Furnace reduction melting production ferronickel, which comprises the following steps:

S1: stock, the preparation including lateritic nickel ore stone dry mine, reducing agent anthracite, adjusting material lime, fuel bituminous coal；I laterite nickel After ore is by broken, ore grinding, dry three operation break-downs, granularity is produced less than 0.1mm, passes through multistage suspension drying and calcining device Material is dried and dehydrated under suspended state, send dry mine storehouse spare；II reducing agent anthracite is levigate by flour mill, obtains Granularity is less than 0.1mm, which it is spare to be returned run coal bin by the aqueous reducing agent anthracite less than 1%；III is quenched Agent lime is levigate by flour mill, obtains granularity and is less than 0.1mm, the aqueous adjusting material lime less than 1%, by the adjusting material lime Send adjusting material storehouse spare；IV fuel bituminous coal is levigate by ball mill, obtains granularity and is less than 0.1mm, the aqueous fuel cigarette less than 1% The fuel bituminous coal is sent fuel bituminous coal storehouse spare by coal；

S2: according to the amount of dry lateritic nickel ore, it is incorporated reducing agent anthracite and adjusting material lime in proportion；By dry lateritic nickel ore amount 100% calculates, and the metering supplying anthracitic amount of reducing agent is the 1%~30% of dry lateritic nickel ore amount, metering supplying adjusting material stone The amount of ash is the 1%~20% of dry lateritic nickel ore amount；

S3: pressing step 2 and carry out batching metering, and the lateritic nickel ore, reducing agent after then continuously spraying into broken, ore grinding, drying are smokeless Thermal material after drying and dehydrating is first directly entered prereduction device by the mixture of coal and adjusting material lime, and carbon reduction is added Agent is roasted and is partially sintered, and bunker coal and air are sprayed into flash reduction furnace, keep flash reduction furnace temperature 1450 DEG C~ 1550℃；By in the mixture investment Flash Smelting Furnace after the completion of sintering, reducing atmosphere condition of the lateritic nickel ore in Flash Smelting Furnace is kept Abundant melting down, the melt that lateritic nickel ore is completed to generate after flash reduction melting in Flash Smelting Furnace fall in flash furnace bottom；Reduction The carbon monoxide in flue gas content of generation is greater than 5%, and oxygen content is less than 1%, with the presence of excessive reduction coal, flue gas in Flash Smelting Furnace It is dry for lateritic nickel ore in the carbon monoxide through waste heat boiler recovery waste heat and after being down to 300 DEG C~400 DEG C, being recovered to；

S4: in Flash Smelting Furnace bottom end, keep constant temperature at 1450 DEG C~1550 DEG C with electric furnace heat preserving method, in this condition atmosphere Under enclosing, by after reduction ferronickel and slag separate；The ferronickel after the completion of ferronickel mouth discharges melting is put by low level, by slag It is reserved in Flash Smelting Furnace；

The mixture of coal dust and coke: being blown into Flash Smelting Furnace by S5 with compressed air, while CaO, coal dust are added in Flash Smelting Furnace The iron in clinker is restored with the mixture of coke, is made iron-containing half steel alloy, then by half steel alloy feed to converter Or in electric furnace, smelt into qualified molten steel, while also obtaining mineral hot furnace slag, which can be used as clinker and send cement plant High grade cement is produced, the weight ratio of the raw material is slag: coke: coal dust: CaO=60-80:2-10:5-8:20-30.

2. a kind of method of lateritic nickel ore Flash Smelting Furnace reduction melting production ferronickel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: Sintering rate >=30wt% that carbonaceous reducing agent is roasted and partially sintered, the partial size that it is 1.0-30mm that material, which is reunited, are added in step s3.

3. a kind of method of lateritic nickel ore Flash Smelting Furnace reduction melting production ferronickel according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: The temperature of the roasting is 770-1070 DEG C, and the carbonaceous reducing agent amount being added is 3-10wt%, calcining time 0.5-2.0h, metal Reduction rate >=10wt%.

Technical field

The present invention relates to pyrometallurgical smelting technical field, specially a kind of lateritic nickel ore Flash Smelting Furnace reduction melting production ferronickel Method.

Background technique

Made of nickel-bearing laterite is rotten through long-term weathering leaching in the torrid zone or subtropical zone as nickeliferous peridotite.By In Weathering And Leaching, mineral deposit generally forms several layers of, and top is one layer of avalanche talus (chapeau de fer), nickeliferous lower, generally throws aside stockpiling；Below It is limonite layer, iron content is more, silicon magnesium is few, nickel is low, cobalt is higher, generally recycles metal using wet processing；Lower layer is to be mixed with arteries and veins again The peat layer (including silicon magnesium nickel minerals) of stone, the high and low iron of siliceous magnesium, nickel is higher, cobalt is lower, and this kind of mine generally uses pyrogenic process work Skill processing.

Currently, more mature wet processing process has: Caron process (leaching of reduction roasting ammonia) and HPAL process (High Pressure Acid Leach).Caron process is used to handle the composite ore of limonite or limonite and peat, and ore is first done It is dry, then the nickel in ore at 700 DEG C selective reduction at metallic nickel (cobalt and a part of iron are restored together), the gold of reduction Belong to nickel by ammonia leaching recycling.

The shortcomings that Caron process has: for ore treatment using processes such as dry, reduction, roastings, consumption energy is big, production effect Rate is low, not environmentally friendly enough；It recycles metal and uses wet processing, consume a variety of chemical reagent, economic benefit is low；The rate of recovery of nickel and cobalt Flash smelting lower than firing method process and HPAL process is the new work for the vulcanization copper-nickel concentrate oxidation matte smelting that RECENT DEVELOPMENTS is got up Skill.

Summary of the invention

In order to solve the problem above-mentioned, the present invention provides a kind of side of lateritic nickel ore Flash Smelting Furnace reduction melting production ferronickel Method.

The present invention solves its technical problem using following technical scheme to realize:

A kind of method of lateritic nickel ore Flash Smelting Furnace reduction melting production ferronickel of the present invention, comprising the following steps:

S1: stock, the preparation including lateritic nickel ore stone dry mine, reducing agent anthracite, adjusting material lime, fuel bituminous coal；I laterite nickel After ore is by broken, ore grinding, dry three operation break-downs, granularity is produced less than 0.1mm, passes through multistage suspension drying and calcining device Material is dried and dehydrated under suspended state, send dry mine storehouse spare；II reducing agent anthracite is levigate by flour mill, obtains Granularity is less than 0.1mm, which it is spare to be returned run coal bin by the aqueous reducing agent anthracite less than 1%；III is quenched Agent lime is levigate by flour mill, obtains granularity and is less than 0.1mm, the aqueous adjusting material lime less than 1%, by the adjusting material lime Send adjusting material storehouse spare；IV fuel bituminous coal is levigate by ball mill, obtains granularity and is less than 0.1mm, the aqueous fuel cigarette less than 1% The fuel bituminous coal is sent fuel bituminous coal storehouse spare by coal；

S2: according to the amount of dry lateritic nickel ore, it is incorporated reducing agent anthracite and adjusting material lime in proportion；By dry lateritic nickel ore amount 100% calculates, and the metering supplying anthracitic amount of reducing agent is the 1%~30% of dry lateritic nickel ore amount, metering supplying adjusting material stone The amount of ash is the 1%~20% of dry lateritic nickel ore amount；

S3: pressing step 2 and carry out batching metering, and the lateritic nickel ore, reducing agent after then continuously spraying into broken, ore grinding, drying are smokeless Thermal material after drying and dehydrating is first directly entered prereduction device by the mixture of coal and adjusting material lime, and carbon reduction is added Agent is roasted and is partially sintered, and bunker coal and air are sprayed into flash reduction furnace, keep flash reduction furnace temperature 1450 DEG C~ 1550℃；By in the mixture investment Flash Smelting Furnace after the completion of sintering, reducing atmosphere condition of the lateritic nickel ore in Flash Smelting Furnace is kept Abundant melting down, the melt that lateritic nickel ore is completed to generate after flash reduction melting in Flash Smelting Furnace fall in flash furnace bottom；Reduction The carbon monoxide in flue gas content of generation is greater than 5%, and oxygen content is less than 1%, with the presence of excessive reduction coal, flue gas in Flash Smelting Furnace It is dry for lateritic nickel ore in the carbon monoxide through waste heat boiler recovery waste heat and after being down to 300 DEG C~400 DEG C, being recovered to；

S4: in Flash Smelting Furnace bottom end, keep constant temperature at 1450 DEG C~1550 DEG C with electric furnace heat preserving method, in this condition atmosphere Under enclosing, by after reduction ferronickel and slag separate；The ferronickel after the completion of ferronickel mouth discharges melting is put by low level, by slag It is reserved in Flash Smelting Furnace.

The mixture of coal dust and coke: being blown into Flash Smelting Furnace by S5 with compressed air, while CaO is added in Flash Smelting Furnace, The mixture of coal dust and coke restores the iron in clinker, iron-containing half steel alloy is made, then half steel alloy feed is arrived In converter or electric furnace, smelt into qualified molten steel, while also obtaining mineral hot furnace slag, which can be used as clinker and send water Mud factory produces high grade cement, and the weight ratio of the raw material is slag: coke: coal dust: CaO=60-80:2-10:5-8:20-30.

Preferably, sintering rate >=30wt% that carbonaceous reducing agent is roasted and partially sintered is added in step s3, material reunion is The partial size of 1.0-30mm.

Preferably, the temperature of the roasting is 770-1070 DEG C, and the carbonaceous reducing agent amount being added is 3-10wt%, when roasting Between 0.5-2.0h, metal reduction rate >=10wt%.

Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: a kind of lateritic nickel ore Flash Smelting Furnace reduction of the present invention The method that melting produces ferronickel changes existing oxidizing semlting copper-nickel concentrate by the improvement to flash smelting technique as reduction Melting lateritic nickel ore raw ore produces ferronickel for the reduction melting of lateritic nickel ore flash, and the flash reduction melting time is short, speed is fast, Recovery time completes within 1 minute, high production efficiency, energy conservation and environmental protection；Iron in clinker restores, and iron-containing half steel is made Alloy, then by half steel alloy feed to converter or electric furnace, smelt into qualified molten steel, while also obtaining mineral hot furnace slag, mine heat Clinker can be used as clinker and cement plant sent to produce high grade cement, and simple process, process is short, and can smelt recycling qualification Molten steel and manufacture cement, good in economic efficiency and be conducive to environmental protection, through multistage cyclone, dry, prereduction thermal material is directly entered revolution Kiln is roasted, and material buffer effect is on the one hand got, and can avoid putty problem when thermal material directly enters furnace；On the other hand, By the further prereduction roasting of rotary kiln, it can be achieved that the reunion of material, avoids granular material from directly entering the equipment of furnace initiation With safe operation；In addition, material roasts fed to boiler melting through the further prereduction of rotary kiln, smelting time can be reduced, is conducive to Reduce melting energy consumption and the economic indicator that develops skill.

Specific embodiment

It is clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention, it is clear that described reality Applying example is only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, this field is general Logical technical staff every other embodiment obtained without making creative work belongs to what the present invention protected Range.