阅读说明：本技术 一种测量静电场方向及其强度大小的方法和仪器 (A kind of method and instrument measuring electrostatic field direction and its intensity size ) 是由 李珍 于 2019-09-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种测量静电场方向及其强度大小的方法和仪器,可以测量电场的方向和大小,包括线路板、长型探头和机身,所述线路板和长型探头均安装在机身的内部,长型探头包括探头主体、信号正引线和信号负引线,信号正引线和信号负引线分别固定在探头主体的两端,长型探头与线路板之间用导线连接,本发明使用电子检测,灵敏度高,体积小,耐用可靠,可用于室内小范围,便于推广利用。并公开了一种实施例,其实施例的长型探头由四片探头代替。将仪器在它的xy平面上沿z轴(即是相对于使用者的左右)缓慢旋转,以及在它的yz平面上沿x轴(即是前后)缓慢旋转,以确定电场的方向和强度。(The invention discloses a kind of measurement electrostatic field direction and its methods and instrument of intensity size, direction and the size of electric field can be measured, including wiring board, elongated probe and fuselage, the wiring board and elongated probe are installed in the inside of fuselage, elongated probe includes probe body, the positive lead of signal and signal negative lead, the positive lead of signal and signal negative lead are separately fixed at the both ends of probe body, it is connected between elongated probe and wiring board with conducting wire, the present invention uses detection of electrons, high sensitivity, it is small in size, it is durable reliable, it can be used for indoor small range, convenient for utilization and extention.And a kind of embodiment is disclosed, the elongated probe of embodiment is replaced by four probes.Instrument is slowly rotated on its x/y plane along z-axis (being the left and right relative to user), and along x-axis (being front and back) slowly rotation in its yz plane, to determine direction and the intensity of electric field.)

1. a kind of method of measurement electrostatic field direction and its intensity size, which is characterized in that comprise the steps of: and define fuselage Longest edge is y-axis, and secondary long side is x-axis, and most short side is z-axis, and x/y plane faces user, and packet biopsy is surveyed, filters, amplifies, patrolled The step of whether multilevel iudge is parallel or perpendicular to electric field, adjustment instrumented site, reading is collected, hand-held instrument is on its x/y plane It slowly rotates along z-axis, is then slowly rotated in its yz plane along x-axis, to determine direction and the intensity of electric field.

2. the instrument of a kind of measurement electrostatic field direction and its intensity size, including wiring board (5), elongated probe (4) and fuselage (3), which is characterized in that the wiring board (5) and elongated probe (4) are installed in the inside of fuselage (3) and are parallel to the y of fuselage Axis, elongated probe (4) include probe body, the positive lead of signal and signal negative lead, and the positive lead of signal and signal negative lead are distinguished The both ends of probe body are fixed on, are connect between the positive and negative lead of signal and wiring board (5) of elongated probe (4) with conducting wire, signal The difference of positive lead and signal negative lead is read on voltmeter head after amplification；When use by instrument on its x/y plane It is slowly rotated along z-axis, measure maximum value and stops this position, then slowly rotated in its yz plane along x-axis, measure again Maximum value, the direction of this position elongated probe is exactly the direction of electric field at this time, and measured big value is exactly the intensity of electric field.

3. the instrument of a kind of measurement electrostatic field direction and its intensity size, it is characterised in that including fuselage (10), the fuselage (10) top is equipped with one (11) of probe, and the bottom of fuselage (10) is equipped with four (14) of two (12) of probe, three (13) of probe and probe, Wherein, one (11) of probe, two (12) of probe, three (13) of probe and four (14) of probe are that slim conductive body (9) are constituted, they It is made of same material, size thickness is same, and is parallel to xz plane, and the value of three probes in bottom determines the side of electric field To, probe one (11), pop one's head in three (13) value determine electric field intensity；When use by instrument on its x/y plane along z-axis ( It is the left and right relative to user) slowly rotation, until reading is zero and stops in this position that it is flat to fall in yz for direction of an electric field at this time On face, then along x-axis (being front and back) slowly rotation in its yz plane, until reading is zero, at this time direction of an electric field and y-axis In parallel, this position is the side that probe two (12), three (13) of probe and the vertical direction in face where four (14) of popping one's head in are exactly electric field To measured value is exactly the intensity of electric field.

4. it is according to claim 2 or 3 it is a kind of measurement electrostatic field direction and its intensity size instrument, the fuselage 3 by It will not generate and the material of electrostatic will not be attracted to be made so that electric field energy penetrates the letter that fuselage senses some strength on probe Number.

5. the instrument of a kind of measurement electrostatic field direction according to claim 2 or 3 and its intensity size, the fuselage have out Mouth penetrates the signal that fuselage senses some strength on probe so as to electric field energy.

6. the instrument of a kind of measurement electrostatic field direction according to claim 2 and its intensity size, which is characterized in that described Wiring board 5 includes voltage comparator U1, inductance L1, inductance L2 and gauge outfit A, and one end of inductance L1 connects the one of elongated probe (4) End, the other end of the elongated probe (4) of one end connection of inductance L2, other end connection capacitor C1, resistance R3 and the voltage of inductance L1 3 feet of comparator U1, the other end of inductance L2 connect 2 feet of the other end of capacitor C1, resistance R5 and voltage comparator U1, voltage 6 feet of comparator U1 output signals to gauge outfit A.

7. the instrument of a kind of measurement electrostatic field direction according to claim 3 and its intensity size, which is characterized in that voltage Two (12) of probe and the signal that four (14) detect of popping one's head in are compared and enlarged in comparator U1, rotate left and right instrument until probe Two (12) and the equal D5 in four (14) that pops one's head in are shinny；The signal that U4 detects two (12) of probe, three (13) of probe compares Compared with front and back rotary apparatus is shinny until the equal D10 in two (12) of popping one's head in, three (13) of probe；When D5 and D10 hair amount simultaneously, this When direction of an electric field it is parallel with y-axis, this position is probe two (12), three (13) of probe and four (14) place vertical side in face of popping one's head in To the direction for being exactly electric field, one (11) of popping one's head in, the measured value in three (13) of probe are exactly the intensity of electric field.

8. the instrument of a kind of measurement electrostatic field direction according to claim 7 and its intensity size, which is characterized in that voltage Comparator U1 uses chip AD620, and absolute value circuit uses OP07.

9. the instrument of a kind of measurement electrostatic field direction according to claim 2 or 3 and its intensity size, it is characterised in that: Using micro process, digital-to-analogue conversion and modulus conversion technique, analog-to-digital conversion reads electric field strength size, is shown and is read with digital-to-analogue conversion Number, micro process record the value of different location, then these values are compared and are analyzed, instruct how user adjusts instrument, Maximum value or minimum value are found out to determine direction, and calculates the size of electric field strength.

Technical field

The present invention relates to electronic technology field, the method and instrument of specifically a kind of measurement electrostatic field direction and its intensity size Device.

Background technique

It is generally large in size now with the instrument of varied measurement its intensity size of electrostatic field, is chiefly used in outdoor or day Perhaps aerospace industry and a be not civilian or be suitable for indoor for gas forecast.It and is mostly using mechanical electronic Runner detects this electric field strength, therefore stability is not high, is easily damaged, and the service life is not grown, expensive, is unfavorable for popularizing.Such as: US2449068 (A)/US2820947, they be it is mechanical, volume is big, Portable belt, service life are not grown, very expensive.

In addition existing technology is the reading of simple measurement electric field, there is no propose judge the method for direction of an electric field with Means, when the test surface of instrument and electric field out of plumb, resulting reading is not real electric field strength, thus is inaccurate True, the angle of test surface and electric field is bigger, and error is bigger.

In implementation case of the present invention, the comparison of signal has been used, has been easy that people is allowed to associate following patent US4199715/ US3868074 appears to have roughly some similar places, all employs the comparison of signal, but is actually to have very big difference , illustrate their difference herein first now.US4199715/3868074 topic are as follows: " for fixed in earth atmosphere Adopted equipotential lines/equipotential surface and measurement are relative to the method and apparatus for having selected the dislocation of equipotential lines/equipotential surface ".Although same Detection of electrons is used, but they are the difference measured between the position and position in space, measure equipotential lines/equipotential surface and survey Amount is that the height in space compares, as a result, high or low or phase relative to the dislocation of equipotential lines/equipotential surface has been selected Deng being a logical consequence；And the present invention is detection electric field strength, the result is that a continuous real number, unit be volt/ Rice.

In addition have in the prior art measurement electrostatic size instrument, many people be mistakenly considered measurement electrostatic size be exactly measure it is quiet Electric strength, electrostatic size and electric stress are lumped together, the former unit is volt, and the unit of the latter is volts/meter.This The unit of the testing result of invention is the latter, is measurement electric stress.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of electron detection measurement electrostatic field direction and its intensity size instrument, with It solves the problems, such as to propose in the background technique.

In order to achieve the object, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

A kind of instrument measuring electrostatic field direction and its intensity size, including wiring board, elongated probe and fuselage, the line Road plate and elongated probe are mounted on the inside of fuselage, and elongated probe includes probe body, the positive lead of signal and signal negative lead, letter Number positive lead and signal negative lead are separately fixed at the both ends of probe body, the positive lead of signal and signal negative lead of elongated probe It is connect between wiring board with conducting wire.

As a further solution of the present invention: being additionally provided with key on the fuselage, connected between key and wiring board with conducting wire It connects.

As further scheme of the invention: the wiring board includes voltage comparator U1, inductance L1, inductance L2 and table One end of one end connection elongated probe 4 of head A, inductance L1, the other end of one end connection elongated probe 4 of inductance L2, inductance L1 The other end connection capacitor C1, resistance R3 and voltage comparator U1 3 feet, inductance L2 the other end connection capacitor C1 it is another It holds, 2 feet of resistance R5 and voltage comparator U1,6 feet of voltage comparator U1 output signals to gauge outfit A.

As further scheme of the invention: the model AD620 of the voltage comparator U1.

As further scheme of the invention: the fuselage is using the material system that will not generate and will not attract electrostatic At.

As further scheme of the invention: using micro process, digital-to-analogue and modulus conversion technique, analog-to-digital conversion reads electricity Field intensity size shows reading and prompt with digital-to-analogue conversion, and micro process records the value of different location, then compares these values Compared with and analysis, instruct how user adjusts instrument, find out maximum value or minimum value to determine direction, and calculate electric-field strength The size of degree.

The top of a kind of instrument measuring electrostatic field direction and its intensity size, including fuselage, the fuselage is equipped with probe One 11, the bottom of fuselage is equipped with probe 2 12, probe 3 13 and probe 4 14.

Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention uses detection of electrons, high sensitivity is small in size, Durable reliable, high sensitivity can be used for the small ranges such as interior, be convenient for utilization and extention.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 is the elongated sonde configuration figure of embodiment 1.

Fig. 2 is the structure chart of embodiment 1.

Fig. 3 is the line map of embodiment 1.

Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram for the rotation that embodiment 1 carries out instrumented site with hand by instrument on x/y plane along z-axis.

Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram for the rotation that embodiment 1 carries out instrumented site with hand by instrument in yz plane along x-axis.

Fig. 6 is the functional-block diagram of embodiment 1.

Fig. 7 is the structure chart that embodiment 2 is popped one's head in.

Fig. 8 is the overall structure figure of embodiment 2.

Fig. 9 is that 2 hand-held instrument of embodiment carries out the schematic diagram of the rotation of instrumented site on x/y plane and in yz plane.

Figure 10 is the functional-block diagram of embodiment 2.

Figure 11 is the circuit diagram of embodiment 2.

In figure: the positive lead of 1- signal, 2- probe body, 3- fuselage, 4- elongated probe, 5- wiring board, 6- key, 7- instrument Device, 8- signal negative lead, the slim conductive body of 9-, 10- fuselage, 11- probe one, 12- probe two, 13- probe three, 14- probe Four.

Specific embodiment

Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete Site preparation description, it is clear that the described embodiment is only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on this Embodiment in invention, every other reality obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts Example is applied, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.