阅读说明：本技术 三维显示装置 (Three-dimensional display apparatus ) 是由 浦东林 乔文 陈林森 朱鹏飞 花尔凯 于 2018-05-25 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及显示技术,特别涉及用于实现裸眼三维显示的装置。按照本发明一个方面的三维显示装置包含：背光板,其配置为将光源发出的光束转换为第一准直光束；位于所述第一准直光束传播方向上的空间光调制器,其配置为通过振幅调制方式将多视角混合图像信息加载到所述第一准直光束上以形成第二准直光束；以及位于所述第二准直光束传播方向上的正透镜组,其配置为将所述第二准直光束所承载图像中的不同视角的图像投射至各自对应的观察位置。(The present invention relates to display technologies, in particular to the device shown for realizing naked eye three-dimensional.Include according to the three-dimensional display apparatus of one aspect of the invention: backlight is configured to the light beam that light source issues being converted to the first collimated light beam；Spatial light modulator on first collimated light beam direction of propagation is configured to that multi-angle of view mixed image information is loaded on first collimated light beam to form the second collimated light beam by amplitude modulation mode；And the positive lens groups on second collimated light beam direction of propagation, it is configured to the image of the different perspectives in the carried image of the second collimated light beam being projected to corresponding observation position.)

1. a kind of three-dimensional display apparatus, characterized by comprising:

Backlight is configured to the light beam that light source issues being converted to the first collimated light beam；

Spatial light modulator on first collimated light beam direction of propagation, being configured to will be more by amplitude modulation mode Visual angle mixed image information is loaded on first collimated light beam to form the second collimated light beam；And

Positive lens groups on second collimated light beam direction of propagation are configured to be carried second collimated light beam The image of different perspectives in image is projected to corresponding observation position.

2. device as described in claim 1, the positive lens groups are Fresnel Lenses group.

3. device as described in claim 1, wherein the backlight includes:

Light guide plate, it includes the first micro-structure for being located at light guide plate upper surface, lower surface or inside, which has week The first unit of phase property distribution, the light beam that the light source issues is through first microstructures scatters to the outside of light guide plate；And

The optical film being stacked with the light guide plate, it includes the second micro-structures for being located at optics film surface, this is second micro- Structure has the second unit of periodic distribution, and the light beam of the outside through first microstructures scatters to light guide plate is micro- through second Structural Transformation is first collimated light beam.

4. device as claimed in claim 3, wherein the first unit is microprism, lenticule, free-form surface lens or recessed One of hole.

5. device as claimed in claim 3, wherein the second unit is in lenticule, Fresnel lens or thin film lens One kind.

6. device as claimed in claim 3, wherein the backlight further comprises barn door, and it includes with described first Micro-structure and the second micro-structure match corresponding light-shielding structure to filter out the stray light being emitted from second micro-structure.

7. device as claimed in claim 6, the barn door is set to one in lower column position: light guide plate and optical film it Between, inside the light guide plate and inside the optical film.

8. device as claimed in claim 3, wherein the light source is integrated in said device and is located at the backlight Side.

9. device as claimed in claim 8, wherein the light source is LED line array light source.

10. device as described in claim 1, wherein the spatial light modulator is liquid crystal display.

11. device as described in claim 1, wherein the spatial light modulator includes multiple volumetric pixels, every individual pixel packet Containing multiple sub-pixes, each sub-pix corresponds to different visual angles, and the Fresnel Lenses group includes multiple Fresnel Lenses, often A Fresnel Lenses is configured to for the light beam for corresponding to the sub-pix at the same visual angle in multiple volumetric pixels being projected to together One observation position.

12. device as claimed in claim 11, wherein each Fresnel Lenses is divided into multiple regions, and each region is matched It is set to and the light beam for corresponding to the sub-pix at the same visual angle in multiple volumetric pixels is projected to the same observation position.

13. device as described in claim 1, wherein further comprise being located at the spatial light modulator and Fresnel Lenses Barn door between group.

14. device as described in claim 1, wherein the light source is that white light source or three primary colors light source, described device are further Including the colored filter being stacked with the spatial light modulator and Fresnel Lenses group.

15. device as claimed in claim 14, wherein the colored filter is set to the spatial light modulator and Fresnel Between lens group.

Technical field

The present invention relates to display technologies, in particular to the device shown for realizing naked eye three-dimensional.

Background technique

The left eye of the mankind and right eye have a displacement of 5-6cm in the horizontal direction, therefore right in the picture seen of right and left eyes It answers on actual object that there are a certain distance for same point, can determine whether the distance and depth of object by this difference.Three-dimensional (3D) Display technology makes one right and left eyes using a series of optical means and generates parallax, to form the skill of stereoscopic effect in the brain Art.Current 3D display technology includes that spectacle is shown and naked eye type display two major classes type.Due to being not necessarily to wear special glasses, Naked eye 3D display is more favored by market.

But there are shortcomings for existing naked eye 3D display technology.Such as the hardware device volume of realization is big, it is difficult to collect At in the midget plants such as mobile phone.In addition, the naked eye 3D display based on cylindrical lenses and Barrier method is difficult to eliminate stray light, it is easy Bring serious visual fatigue.

Summary of the invention

It is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of devices shown for realizing naked eye three-dimensional, with manufacturing cost Low, the advantages that design is easy and compact-sized.

Include: according to the three-dimensional display apparatus of one aspect of the invention

Backlight is configured to the light beam that light source issues being converted to the first collimated light beam；

Spatial light modulator on first collimated light beam direction of propagation, is configured to through amplitude modulation mode Multi-angle of view mixed image information is loaded on first collimated light beam to form the second collimated light beam；And

Positive lens groups on second collimated light beam direction of propagation are configured to the second collimated light beam institute The image of different perspectives in carrying image is projected to corresponding observation position.

Preferably, in above-mentioned apparatus, the positive lens groups are Fresnel Lenses group.

Preferably, in above-mentioned apparatus, the backlight includes:

Light guide plate, it includes the first micro-structure for being located at light guide plate upper surface, lower surface or inside, first micro-structure tools There is the first unit of periodic distribution, the light beam that the light source issues is through first microstructures scatters to the outside of light guide plate； And

The optical film being stacked with the light guide plate, it includes the second micro-structures for being located at optics film surface, this Two micro-structures have a second unit of periodic distribution, and the light beam of the outside through first microstructures scatters to light guide plate is through the Two microstructure manipulations are first collimated light beam.

Preferably, in above-mentioned apparatus, the first unit is in microprism, lenticule, free-form surface lens or pit One kind.

Preferably, in above-mentioned apparatus, the second unit is one in lenticule, Fresnel lens or thin film lens Kind.

Preferably, in above-mentioned apparatus, the backlight further comprises barn door, it includes with first micro-structure Corresponding light-shielding structure is matched with the second micro-structure to filter out the stray light being emitted from second micro-structure.

Preferably, in above-mentioned apparatus, the barn door is set to one in lower column position: light guide plate and optical film it Between, inside the light guide plate and inside the optical film.

Preferably, in above-mentioned apparatus, the light source is integrated the side in said device and being located at the backlight Portion.

Preferably, in above-mentioned apparatus, the light source is LED line array light source.

Preferably, in above-mentioned apparatus, the spatial light modulator is liquid crystal display.

Preferably, in above-mentioned apparatus, the spatial light modulator includes multiple volumetric pixels, and every individual pixel includes multiple Sub-pix, each sub-pix correspond to different visual angles, and the Fresnel Lenses group includes multiple Fresnel Lenses, each phenanthrene alunite Your lens are configured to that the same sight will be projected to from the light beam for the sub-pix for corresponding to the same visual angle in multiple volumetric pixels Examine position.

Preferably, in above-mentioned apparatus, each Fresnel Lenses is divided into multiple regions, and each region is configured in the future The same observation position is projected to from the light beam for the sub-pix for corresponding to the same visual angle in multiple volumetric pixels.

It preferably, further comprise between the spatial light modulator and Fresnel Lenses group in above-mentioned apparatus Barn door.

Preferably, in above-mentioned apparatus, the light source is white light source or three primary colors light source, described device further comprise The colored filter being stacked with the spatial light modulator and Fresnel Lenses group.

Preferably, in above-mentioned apparatus, the colored filter is set to the spatial light modulator and Fresnel Lenses Between group.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 is the schematic block diagram according to the three-dimensional display apparatus of one embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram according to the backlight that can be applied to Fig. 1 shown device of another embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram that can be applied to the Fresnel Lenses of Fig. 1 shown device.

Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of Fresnel Lenses converging action.

Fig. 5 is the combination using backlight, spatial light modulator and Fresnel Lenses according to one embodiment of the invention Realize the schematic diagram of haplopia point structure.

Fig. 6 a and 6b are the schematic diagram that pixelation processing is carried out to Fresnel Lenses according to one embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 7 is the signal that visual angle is controlled according to the volumetric pixel of the single pixel Fresnel Lenses of one embodiment of the invention Figure.

Fig. 8 is the signal that visual angle is controlled according to the volumetric pixel of multiple pixelation Fresnel Lenses of one embodiment of the invention Figure.

Specific embodiment

The purpose of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with attached drawing.

Fig. 1 is the schematic block diagram according to the device of one embodiment of the invention shown for realizing naked eye three-dimensional.

Device shown in FIG. 1 includes backlight 110, spatial light modulator 120 and positive lens groups 130.Backlight 110 It such as can be directive property backlight, positive lens groups 130 for example can be Fresnel Lenses group (illustratively, in following description In by taking Fresnel Lenses group as an example).Optionally but not necessarily, light source 140 can be used as the composition list of Fig. 1 shown device Member.Preferably, light source 140 can be LED line array light source.

Referring to Fig. 1, the light beam that light source 140 issues is converted to the collimated light beam along one or more directions through backlight 110 B1 (also known as the first collimated light beam B1 below).Spatial light modulator 120 is arranged on the direction of propagation of the first collimated light beam B1, Multi-angle of view mixed image information is loaded on the first collimated light beam B1 to form collimated light beam B2 by it by amplitude modulation mode (also known as the second collimated light beam B2 below).Fresnel Lenses group 130 is arranged on the direction of propagation of the second collimated light beam B2, The image of the different perspectives in the second carried image of collimated light beam B2 is thrown by the phase-modulation of pixelation Fresnel Lenses It is incident upon corresponding observation position, makes it possible to observe different images in different positions, to realize that naked eye 3D is aobvious The effect shown.

It should be pointed out that in the present specification, collimated light beam, the directional light, direction beam propagated in one direction Emergent ray of the angle of divergence halfwidth within 30 ° is referred to converging beam.Preferably, the angle of divergence halfwidth of emergent ray Within the scope of 10 °.

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram according to the backlight that can be applied to Fig. 1 shown device of another embodiment of the present invention.

Backlight 110 shown in Fig. 2 includes light guide plate 111 and optical film 112.Optical film 112 for example can be micro-nano light Learn film.In the following description, illustratively using micronano optical film as the specific example of optical film 112.As shown in Fig. 2, In The upper surface of light guide plate 111 forms first micro-structure with the first unit (showing in figure with pit) of periodic distribution 111A.Light source 140 is located at the side of light guide plate 111, and the light beam issued enters after light guide plate 111, through the first micro-structure 111A scatters to the outside of light guide plate 111.

Although the first micro-structure 111A shown in Fig. 2 is formed in the upper surface of light guide plate 111, it, which is also formed in, is led The lower surface or inside of tabula rasa 111.Preferably, the size of the first micro-structure is between 100nm-1mm.Backlight shown in Fig. 2 In plate 110, first unit is illustratively shown in the form of pits, but its optical element for being also possible to other forms, example It such as include but is not limited to microprism, lenticule, free-form surface lens.

With continued reference to Fig. 2, optical film 112 is located at the lower section of light guide plate 111.Optical film 112 can be stacked with light guide plate 111 Keep certain the air gap (when the refractive index of optical film is close to or higher than the refraction of light guide plate together or with light guide plate 111 When rate).Further, it is also possible to one layer of low-index layer is inserted between light guide plate 111 and optical film 112 to avoid in light guide plate Form total reflection condition.As shown in Fig. 2, forming second of the second unit with periodic distribution on the surface of optical film 112 Micro-structure 112A, the second micro-structure 112A are matched in structure with the first micro-structure 111A, and effect is will to come from light guide plate 111 Divergent beams be transformed to along one or more directions be emitted the first collimated light beam B1.Preferably, the second micro-nano structure 112A Using configurations such as microlens array, array of Fresnel lenses, thin film lens array, diadactic structure optical arrays.Microlens array, phenanthrene The lens unit of alunite ear lens array or thin film lens array can be made to optimize according to the relative position of the micro-structure in light guide plate Design is to obtain preferable collimation or convergence effect.Such as it can be by the diameter of each unit or lenticule in optical film 112 It is designed as bigger than the unit of light guide plate 111 or the size of bowl configurations.

In the present embodiment, plastics or glass can be chosen as light guide plate or the material of lenticule, refractive index is in 1- Between 2.5.Plastics preferably can be used so that product is lighter and reduce cost.In addition, the light guide plate 111 can be by a kind of material Material is constituted or is made of the different multiple material of refractive index.Light guide plate and optical film for example can use grayscale lithography technique, swash The production such as photo-etching processes, and batch duplicating is realized using nano-imprint process.

Fresnel Lenses can be divided into contour Fresnel Lenses and equidistant Fresnel Lenses etc..Fig. 3 is can be applied to Fig. 1 institute The schematic diagram of the Fresnel Lenses of showing device.As shown in figure 3, Fresnel Lenses may be regarded as conventional lenses continuous surface part The optical element formed in " collapse " to a plane.In terms of section, surface is made of a series of sawtooth pattern grooves, central part Dividing is ellipse camber line.Angle is different between each groove part and adjacent grooves, but all concentrates light at one, anxious in formation Point, that is, the focus of lens.Each groove part can regard an independent lenslet as, and light is adjusted to directional light or is gathered Light, as shown in Figure 4.

Fig. 5 is the combination using backlight, spatial light modulator and Fresnel Lenses according to one embodiment of the invention Realize the schematic diagram of haplopia point structure.

As shown in figure 5, the light beam that light source 140 issues is converted to the collimated light along one or more directions through backlight 110 After beam B1, amplitude modulation is carried out through spatial light modulator 120, forms collimated light beam B2 after loading multi-view image information.Fei Nie Incident collimated light beam B2 is converged to a certain view by that lens group 130 (illustratively, in Fig. 5 by taking a Fresnel Lenses as an example) Angle.It is worth noting that, parallel rays will all converge to same visual angle by any a part of Fresnel Lenses, without loss of generality , by changing the relative position of Fresnel lens and backlight and spatial light modulator, light in figure can be made to converge to view At point 2.Further, by designing the focal length of Fresnel lens and the position of optical axis center, spatial light modulator can be gone out It penetrates light and converges to screen rear any point or region.

Spatial light modulator 120 is used for amplitude modulation, the i.e. image information of load multi-angle of view mixing.Spatial light modulator example It such as may include display panel, driving circuit, control system and software control.According to concrete application field needs, spatial light tune Monochromatic or colored display may be implemented in device processed.Preferably, spatial light modulator 120 can be liquid crystal display.

In the present embodiment, spatial light modulator 120 may include multiple volumetric pixels or amplitude modulation pixel, every individual pixel Comprising multiple sub-pixes, each sub-pix corresponds to different visual angles.Correspondingly, the luxuriant and rich with fragrance alunite of each of Fresnel Lenses group 130 Your lens are configured as the light beam for corresponding to the sub-pix at the same visual angle in multiple volumetric pixels being projected to same Observe position.For this purpose, each Fresnel Lenses is divided into multiple regions, each region is configured to will be from multiple volumetric pixels In correspond to the light beam of sub-pix at the same visual angle and be projected to the same observation position.It will be further described below.

Fig. 6 a and 6b are the schematic diagram that pixelation processing is carried out to Fresnel Lenses according to one embodiment of the invention, In, Fig. 6 a shows the illustrative example that region division is carried out to Fresnel Lenses, and Fig. 6 b is the Fresnel Lenses of pixelation Example.Four Fresnel Lenses are schematically illustrated in figure, for each Fresnel Lenses, are divided into 4 size phases Same pixel unit or region, as shown in Figure 6 a.Each pixel unit is with two character representations, wherein the 1st is in number 1-4 One, for identifying Fresnel Lenses or observation position, the 2nd is one in letter a-d, for identifier space light modulation The volumetric pixel of device.In the present embodiment, combined according to mode shown in Fig. 6 b the pixel unit on each Fresnel Lenses with Obtain the Fresnel Lenses of pixelation, that is, pixel unit 1a, 2a, 3a and 4a on the first-the four Fresnel Lenses are incorporated into one A combination (this logical combination is also known as to the volumetric pixel of pixelation Fresnel Lenses below), pixel unit 1b, 2b, 3b and 4b It is incorporated into another combination, for remaining pixel unit and so on.The volumetric pixel and spatial light of pixelation Fresnel Lenses The volumetric pixel or amplitude modulation pixel of modulator 120 have one-to-one relationship.In practical applications, it can be led according to application The characteristics of domain, the size of screen pixels and Fresnel Lenses, using muti-piece Fresnel Lenses split combination or can also be by one piece Fresnel Lenses splits into multiple pixel units.

Fig. 7 is the signal that visual angle is controlled according to the volumetric pixel of the single pixel Fresnel Lenses of one embodiment of the invention Figure.Referring to Fig. 7, every individual pixel of spatial light modulator is made of 4 sub-pixes.Correspondingly, each pixelation Fresnel is saturating The volumetric pixel of mirror also constitutes (such as 1a, 1b, 1c and 1d shown in Fig. 6 b) by 4 pixel units.Pixelation Fresnel Lenses The sub-pix of pixel unit and spatial light modulator has corresponding relationship.When one of parallel beam incident to spatial light modulator When volumetric pixel, 4 visual angle mixed image information of spatial light modulator are loaded into.Then, the 4 of pixelation Fresnel Lenses A pixel unit by the image at corresponding visual angle be imaged on number 1,2,3 and 4 mark 4 different viewing areas or The effect of naked eye 3D display is realized with this so that will be observed that different images in different viewing areas in position.

Fig. 8 is the signal that visual angle is controlled according to the volumetric pixel of multiple pixelation Fresnel Lenses of one embodiment of the invention Figure.Without loss of generality, embodiment illustrated in fig. 8 is still illustrated by taking the display device at 4 visual angles as an example.Referring to Fig. 8, for The volumetric pixel of each pixelation Fresnel Lenses is made of 4 pixel units, and each pixel unit is by the figure at corresponding visual angle As imaging to corresponding observation position.For example, in fig. 8, the volumetric pixel of leftmost pixelation Fresnel Lenses includes pixel The image of 4 different perspectivess of the volumetric pixel of corresponding spatial light modulator is imaged respectively by unit 1a, 2a, 3a and 4a To corresponding observation position 1-4, the volumetric pixel of the pixelation Fresnel Lenses of secondary left side include pixel unit 1b, 2b, 3b and The image of 4 different perspectivess of the volumetric pixel of corresponding spatial light modulator is equally imaged respectively to corresponding and sees by 4b Examine position 1-4.On the other hand, for the pixel unit in the same position of the volumetric pixel of each pixelation Fresnel Lenses, it Correspond to identical viewing area.Observer can observe different images in different viewing areas as a result, to realize naked The effect of eye 3D display.

In the present embodiment, collimated light beam B2 passes through after pixelation Fresnel Lenses that each width multi-view image is empty in vision area Between it is upper generate multiple convergence light fields, each light field of assembling is not overlapped mutually, even if after propagating a distance, each multi-view image is mutually not yet Crosstalk.

In embodiment described above, it is preferable that can in backlight 110 or spatial light modulator 120 with Barn door is set between Fresnel lens group 130 to filter out undesirable stray light.It, can such as in backlight shown in Fig. 2 To consider that barn door is arranged between light guide plate and optical film or in light guide plate.The barn door include with the first micro-structure 111A and Second micro-structure 112A matches corresponding barn door, so as to filter out the stray light being emitted from the second micro-structure.Barn door can be with It is single-layer or multi-layer absolute construction, and can be any one with light guide plate, optical film, spatial light modulator and Fresnel lens group A or multiple optical devices for being integrated to form function and service.

It should be pointed out that embodiment described above is similarly applied to colored display application.For this purpose, three can be used Color (or white) LED light bar is centering colored filter as light source for realizing the dress that naked eye three-dimensional is shown.It is color Colo(u)r filter can stack placement with Fresnel Lenses group and spatial light modulator and stacking order is variable.Such as colored filter It can be set between backlight and spatial light modulator, between spatial light modulator and Fresnel Lenses group or Fresnel After lens group.Preferably, colored filter is arranged between spatial light modulator and Fresnel Lenses group.From backlight light The light beam that line projects provides the image information of multi-angle of view naked eye 3D display by spatial light modulator, is then loaded by colored filter Wavelength information finally realizes Spatial transmission by Fresnel lens group, thus the shape in the front visible area of Fresnel Lenses group The effect of naked eye 3D display is realized at multiple convergence light fields.

Compared with prior art, of the invention to have many advantages, such as realizing the device that naked eye three-dimensional is shown.For example, back Tabula rasa (including LED light source, light guide plate and optical film) and Fresnel Lenses are industrialized using existing nanometer embossing Production, manufacture craft is mature, and homogeneity of product is easily guaranteed that and advantageously reduces cost.For another example, each unit of backlight Can modularized design, each module realizes relatively independent optical characteristics (such as illumination uniformity, emergent light angle of divergence etc.), This makes each Decoupled, simplifies design process and keeps the adjustment of optical parameter more easy.Furthermore of the invention is used for Realize that the device that shows of naked eye three-dimensional is made of multiple film light device stacks, and existing LCD screen framework good compatibility, Application field is wide.

Described above is the principle of the present invention and preferred embodiment.However, the present invention should not be construed as limited to be discussed Specific embodiment.Above-mentioned preferred embodiment be considered as it is illustrative and not restrictive, and should understand that When, those skilled in the art, can be under the premise of without departing from the following scope of the claims of the invention as defined Variation is made in these embodiments.