阅读说明：本技术 一种畜禽粪便生物法除臭处置工艺 (Biological deodorization treatment process for livestock and poultry manure ) 是由 李培 张剑 唐丽娟 李一岑 于 2021-08-13 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种畜禽粪便生物法除臭处置工艺,包括以下步骤：首先将气体引入到压力罐内,并将压力罐的温度设置为-20～-30℃,压力设置为-3～-3.5个大气压力,并进行离子处理和筛网过滤处理,然后废气由风机抽送并通过风管送到预洗单元；在预洗单元,在通过填料时与喷淋水充分接触,然后废气由风机抽送并通过风管送到生物除臭单元；在生物除臭单元,在通过生物填料时与布满在填料的生物膜充分接触,然后废气由风机并通过风管送至排气筒达标排放,本发明工艺首先进行过冷负压处理,并进行离子处理和筛网过滤处理,将废气中的恶臭成分或有害颗粒物进行初次的剥落分离,随后再进行预洗和生物除臭,除臭效果大大提高。(The invention discloses a biological deodorization treatment process for livestock and poultry manure, which comprises the following steps: firstly, introducing gas into a pressure tank, setting the temperature of the pressure tank to be-20 to-30 ℃ and the pressure of the pressure tank to be-3 to-3.5 atmospheric pressures, carrying out ion treatment and screen filtering treatment, pumping waste gas by a fan and sending the waste gas to a prewashing unit through an air pipe; in the prewashing unit, the filler is fully contacted with spray water when passing through the filler, and then the waste gas is pumped by a fan and sent to the biological deodorization unit through an air pipe; in the biological deodorization unit, when the biological filler passes through the biological filler, the biological filler is fully contacted with a biological film fully distributed on the filler, and then the waste gas is sent to an exhaust funnel by a fan through an air pipe to reach the standard and be discharged.)

1. A livestock manure biological deodorization treatment process is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: firstly, introducing gas into a pressure tank, setting the temperature of the pressure tank to be-20 to-30 ℃ and the pressure of the pressure tank to be-3 to-3.5 atmospheric pressures, carrying out ion treatment and screen filtering treatment, pumping waste gas by a fan and sending the waste gas to a prewashing unit through an air pipe;

step two: in the prewashing unit, firstly, gas enters from the upper part through a gas distributor, fully contacts spray water when passing through a filler, part of odor-causing substances such as hydrogen sulfide, ammonia gas and the like in the gas is absorbed by the water, and the like, and then the waste gas is pumped by a fan and sent to the biological deodorization unit through an air pipe;

step three: in the biological deodorization unit, gas enters from the lower part and fully contacts with a biological film fully distributed on the filler when passing through the biological filler, odoriferous substances such as hydrogen sulfide, ammonia gas and the like in the gas are absorbed, adsorbed and oxidized and decomposed by microorganisms growing in the biological film into carbon dioxide, water and stable odorless inorganic salts, and then the waste gas is sent to an exhaust funnel by a fan through an air pipe to reach the standard and be discharged.

2. The livestock and poultry manure biological deodorization treatment process as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: and in the second step, the prewashing unit is arranged at the front section of the biological filter deodorization system, the atomizing nozzle is adopted to fully atomize water and then mix the atomized water with air flow, so that the humidity of the gas to be treated is quickly saturated, and the filler is filled in the washing device and recycled by using water.

3. The livestock and poultry manure biological deodorization treatment process as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: and in the second step, the air with the humidity adjusted by the gas through the distributor enters the biological filter, microorganisms degrade odorous pollutants into odorless compounds, the filling retention time of the odor in the pretreatment area is more than 5 seconds, and the retention time of the odor in the biological filling area is more than 15 seconds.

4. The livestock and poultry manure biological deodorization treatment process as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: and in the second step, the filler is organic and inorganic mixed filler suitable for the growth of microorganisms, and is mixed in proportion or stacked in layers, and a biological film is hung on the filler.

5. The livestock and poultry manure biological deodorization treatment process as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the first step, the fans are all side-draft centrifugal fans, the rated air quantity of the fans is controlled at 20 ℃ and the humidity is 65%, and the fans are all provided with shock pads.

6. The livestock and poultry manure biological deodorization treatment process as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the air pipe flow rate in the first step to the third step: the branch pipe is 2-8m/s, and the main pipe is 6-14 m/s.

7. The livestock and poultry manure biological deodorization treatment process as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: and in the second step, the PH value of the spray water is 5.0-8.5.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of a biological deodorization treatment process for livestock and poultry manure, in particular to a biological deodorization treatment process for livestock and poultry manure.

Background

A large amount of toxic and harmful odorous Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) and ammonia gas (NH) can be generated in the sewage treatment process₃) Hydrogen sulfide (H)₂S), and the like.

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) and ammonia (NH)₃) Hydrogen sulfide (H)₂S) can cause inappetence, dizziness, nausea and vomiting, and can directly damage respiratory tract, endocrine system, circulatory system and nervous system. They have the dual properties of atmospheric pollution and harmful gas pollution.

The traditional deodorization process directly pre-washes and deodorizes the exhaust gas, but in the actual operation process, a large amount of harmful particles or substances exist in the exhaust gas, harmful micro particles still easily exist in the gas obtained after the treatment in the above way, although the gas meets the standard, the optimal discharge state is not achieved, or the service life of the biological deodorization unit is influenced, so an improved technology is urgently needed to solve the problem in the prior art.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a livestock and poultry excrement biological deodorization treatment process, which comprises the steps of firstly carrying out supercooling negative pressure treatment, carrying out ion treatment and screen filtering treatment, carrying out primary peeling separation on malodorous components or harmful particles in waste gas, and then carrying out prewashing and biological deodorization to remove the malodorous components and remove harmful substances and particles in the gas so as to solve the problems in the background technology.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a biological deodorization treatment process for livestock and poultry manure comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: firstly, introducing gas into a pressure tank, setting the temperature of the pressure tank to be-20 to-30 ℃ and the pressure of the pressure tank to be-3 to-3.5 atmospheric pressures, carrying out ion treatment and screen filtering treatment, pumping waste gas by a fan and sending the waste gas to a prewashing unit through an air pipe;

step two: in the prewashing unit, firstly, gas enters from the upper part through a gas distributor, fully contacts spray water when passing through a filler, part of odor-causing substances such as hydrogen sulfide, ammonia gas and the like in the gas is absorbed by the water, and the like, and then the waste gas is pumped by a fan and sent to the biological deodorization unit through an air pipe;

step three: in the biological deodorization unit, gas enters from the lower part and fully contacts with a biological film fully distributed on the filler when passing through the biological filler, odoriferous substances such as hydrogen sulfide, ammonia gas and the like in the gas are absorbed, adsorbed and oxidized and decomposed by microorganisms growing in the biological film into carbon dioxide, water and stable odorless inorganic salts, and then the waste gas is sent to an exhaust funnel by a fan through an air pipe to reach the standard and be discharged.

Preferably, the livestock and poultry manure biological deodorization treatment process provided by the invention is characterized in that the prewashing unit in the second step is arranged at the front section of the biological filter deodorization system, the atomizing nozzle is adopted to fully atomize water and then mix the atomized water with air flow, so that the humidity of the gas to be treated is quickly saturated, and the filler is filled in the washing device and recycled by using water.

Preferably, the biological deodorization treatment process for livestock and poultry manure provided by the invention is characterized in that in the second step, air with humidity adjusted by a distributor enters a biological filter, microorganisms degrade odor-causing pollutants into odorless compounds, and the filling retention time of odor in the pretreatment zone is more than 5 seconds, and the retention time of odor in the biological filter zone is more than 15 seconds.

Preferably, according to the biological deodorization treatment process for livestock and poultry manure provided by the invention, in the second step, the filler is an organic and inorganic mixed filler suitable for microbial growth, and is mixed in proportion or stacked in layers, and a biofilm is coated on the filler.

Preferably, in the first step, the fan adopts a side-draft centrifugal fan, the rated air volume of the fan is 20 ℃ and the humidity is 65%, and the fan is provided with a shock pad.

Preferably, the livestock manure biological deodorization treatment process provided by the invention comprises the following steps: the branch pipe is 2-8m/s, and the main pipe is 6-14 m/s.

Preferably, the livestock and poultry manure biological deodorization treatment process provided by the invention is characterized in that the pH value of spray water in the second step is 5.0-8.5.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the method comprises the steps of firstly carrying out supercooling negative pressure treatment, carrying out ion treatment and screen filtering treatment, carrying out primary peeling separation on malodorous components or harmful particles in the waste gas, then carrying out prewashing and biological deodorization, greatly improving the deodorization effect, greatly improving the service cycle of a biological treatment unit, and simultaneously, thoroughly purifying finally discharged gas, removing the malodorous components and removing harmful substances and particles in the gas.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments of the present invention, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without any creative effort belong to the protection scope of the present invention;

the invention provides a technical scheme that: a biological deodorization treatment process for livestock and poultry manure comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: firstly, introducing gas into a pressure tank, setting the temperature of the pressure tank to be-20 to-30 ℃ and the pressure of the pressure tank to be-3 to-3.5 atmospheric pressures, carrying out ion treatment and screen filtering treatment, pumping waste gas by a fan and sending the waste gas to a prewashing unit through an air pipe;

step two: in the prewashing unit, firstly, gas enters from the upper part through a gas distributor, fully contacts spray water when passing through a filler, part of odor-causing substances such as hydrogen sulfide, ammonia gas and the like in the gas is absorbed by the water, and the like, and then the waste gas is pumped by a fan and sent to the biological deodorization unit through an air pipe;

step three: in the biological deodorization unit, gas enters from the lower part and fully contacts with a biological film fully distributed on the filler when passing through the biological filler, odoriferous substances such as hydrogen sulfide, ammonia gas and the like in the gas are absorbed, adsorbed and oxidized and decomposed by microorganisms growing in the biological film into carbon dioxide, water and stable odorless inorganic salts, and then the waste gas is sent to an exhaust funnel by a fan through an air pipe to reach the standard and be discharged.

Wherein, the prewashing unit is arranged at the front section of the biological filter deodorization system in the step two, the biological washing device is arranged at the front section of the biological filter deodorization system, and the atomizing nozzle is adopted to fully atomize water and then mix the atomized water with air flow, so that the humidity of the gas to be treated can reach a saturated state rapidly, and the prewashing unit is mainly used for removing solid pollutants in the gas and adjusting the humidity and the temperature of the air. The water sprayed by the spray head is in a fog shape, and can cover the whole washing device without dead angles. The washing device is filled with filler, and water can be recycled. The pretreatment unit acts as an effective buffer to reduce the peak load of higher concentration contaminants.

And in the second step, the air with humidity adjusted by the gas in the distributor enters the biological filter, microorganisms degrade odorous pollutants into odorless compounds, the filling retention time of the odor in the pretreatment area is more than 5 seconds, and the retention time of the odor in the biological filling area is more than 15 seconds. The main body structure of the deodorization filter tank is made of glass fiber reinforced plastic composite material, and the filter tank is provided with perfect accessories such as an air pipe connector, a pipeline connector, a filler storage rack, a filler, an access door, a spraying and humidifying device and the like. The filler support plate of the biological filter adopts a glass fiber reinforced plastic grating plate with good permeability, is corrosion-resistant and has enough rigidity and strength. The bottom of the filter tank is provided with a gas distribution and drainage system. The top of the filter tank is provided with a spraying system which is controlled by an automatic control system and intermittently sprays according to actual conditions so as to keep the filler wet to a certain extent and provide a suitable living and breeding environment for microorganisms.

And in the second step, the filler is organic and inorganic mixed filler suitable for the growth of microorganisms, and is mixed or stacked in layers according to a proportion, a biofilm is hung on the filler, the biofilm is a set of a large number of domesticated microorganisms growing on a biological medium, is a composite relation formed by a plurality of strains and is divided into an aerobic bacterial layer, a facultative aerobic bacterial layer and an anaerobic layer from the surface to the inside, and the purification and removal of organic pollutants by the microorganisms are fully exerted. The filler generally adopts a porous inert filter material with large specific surface area and high open porosity, and the filter material is favorable for the contact film formation and growth of microorganisms and keeps more microorganism amount; is beneficial to the oxidation and nutrient required in the microbial metabolism process and the mass transfer process of waste produced by the metabolism. The microbes generally have negative charges and are hydrophilic, so that the positive charges on the surface of the filter material are favorable for the fixation and growth of the microbes, and the hydrophilicity on the surface of the filter material is also favorable for the attachment of the microbes. And the hydrophilic surface leads the filter material to have better water retention, so that the system can intermittently spray water, thereby saving the power of the fan. According to different processing modes of the filler and the filter, different manufacturers respectively research and develop different processes. Generally speaking, the biological filler must have mechanical strength requirements that are low in breakage rate during hydraulic shearing action of different strengths and frictional collision between filter materials. The better hardness can make the filter material keep the original size and shape after being used for years. Because the odor has certain corrosiveness, the filler has high corrosion resistance and can not be reduced, collapsed or deformed after being used for many years. The filter material is required to have certain porosity and roughness, which is beneficial to the attachment and growth of microorganisms. The deodorizing microorganisms can generate various metabolites in the metabolism process, most of the metabolites can corrode the filter material, so that the biological filter material has certain chemical stability and corrosion resistance, needs to participate in the chemical reaction of a biological membrane, and is not degradable. Since the deodorizing microorganisms tend to produce acids during the metabolic process, if the discharged water is acidic, the discharged water may have certain influence on the subsequent collection pipeline and sewage treatment arrangement. Therefore, the biological deodorization filler preferably has the function of acid-base balance. The deodorizing microorganisms require some trace amount of other minerals in addition to the malodorous substances in the odor as a main nutrient source. Therefore, if the filling material has the function of supplying nutrition, no additional nutrient is added.

Wherein, the fans in the first step and the third step all adopt side-draft centrifugal fans, the rated air quantity of the fans is based on 20 ℃, the humidity is 65%, the total absolute efficiency is not lower than 80%, and the shell material of the exhaust fan adopts glass fiber reinforced plastic material; the shaft and the shell are communicated, no gas is leaked, and the fan is provided with a shockproof pad.

Wherein, the air pipe flow velocity in the first step to the third step: the branch pipe is 2-8m/s, and the main pipe is 6-14 m/s.

The first embodiment is as follows:

a biological deodorization treatment process for livestock and poultry manure comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: firstly, introducing gas into a pressure tank, setting the temperature of the pressure tank to be-20 ℃ and the pressure of the pressure tank to be-3 atmospheric pressures, carrying out ion treatment and screen filtering treatment, pumping waste gas by a fan and conveying the waste gas to a prewashing unit through an air pipe;

step two: in the prewashing unit, firstly, gas enters from the upper part through a gas distributor, fully contacts spray water when passing through a filler, part of odor-causing substances such as hydrogen sulfide, ammonia gas and the like in the gas is absorbed by the water, and the like, and then the waste gas is pumped by a fan and sent to the biological deodorization unit through an air pipe;

step three: in the biological deodorization unit, gas enters from the lower part and fully contacts with a biological film fully distributed on the filler when passing through the biological filler, odoriferous substances such as hydrogen sulfide, ammonia gas and the like in the gas are absorbed, adsorbed and oxidized and decomposed by microorganisms growing in the biological film into carbon dioxide, water and stable odorless inorganic salts, and then the waste gas is sent to an exhaust funnel by a fan through an air pipe to reach the standard and be discharged.

Example two:

a biological deodorization treatment process for livestock and poultry manure comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: firstly, introducing gas into a pressure tank, setting the temperature of the pressure tank to be-30 ℃ and the pressure of the pressure tank to be-3.5 atmospheric pressures, carrying out ion treatment and screen filtering treatment, pumping waste gas by a fan and conveying the waste gas to a prewashing unit through an air pipe;

step two: in the prewashing unit, firstly, gas enters from the upper part through a gas distributor, fully contacts spray water when passing through a filler, part of odor-causing substances such as hydrogen sulfide, ammonia gas and the like in the gas is absorbed by the water, and the like, and then the waste gas is pumped by a fan and sent to the biological deodorization unit through an air pipe;

step three: in the biological deodorization unit, gas enters from the lower part and fully contacts with a biological film fully distributed on the filler when passing through the biological filler, odoriferous substances such as hydrogen sulfide, ammonia gas and the like in the gas are absorbed, adsorbed and oxidized and decomposed by microorganisms growing in the biological film into carbon dioxide, water and stable odorless inorganic salts, and then the waste gas is sent to an exhaust funnel by a fan through an air pipe to reach the standard and be discharged.

Through the treatment of the first embodiment and the second embodiment, firstly, the supercooling negative pressure treatment is carried out in the first step, the ion treatment and the screen filtering treatment are carried out, the stink components or the harmful particles in the waste gas are subjected to primary peeling separation, then the prewashing and the biological deodorization are carried out, the deodorization effect is greatly improved, the service life of the biological treatment unit is greatly prolonged, meanwhile, the finally discharged gas is thoroughly purified, and the harmful substances and particles in the gas are removed besides the stink components.

The invention is not described in detail, but is well known to those skilled in the art.

Finally, it is to be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to examples, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.