阅读说明：本技术 随拉伸开度变化而表面摩擦系数相应变化的功能面料 (Functional fabric with surface friction coefficient correspondingly changed along with change of stretching opening degree ) 是由 陈长荣 翟国钧 丁晓峰 于 2018-05-28 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种具有动态摩擦系数的面料,其摩擦系数能随着织物的拉伸其相对于长度方向和/或宽度方向的滑动摩擦系数也因此而相应地发生改变,包括:二种或二种以上纱线表面摩擦性能和/或服用功能不同的纱线按一定的规律编织而成；其中含有(1)高摩擦系数的纱线(如氨纶、海岛纤维、硅胶纱等)；(2)高蓬松纱线(如DTY拉伸变形丝、ATY空气变形纱、短纤纱等)和/或(3)通用功能纱线(如弹性,保暖,防紫外线,除异味等)。利用高逢松纱对高摩擦系数纱的遮蔽程度随着织物被拉伸的程度变化而变化形成了高摩擦系数纱与滑动接触面的接触概率的变化从而改变了织物与滑动面间的摩擦系数。(The fabric with dynamic friction coefficient has friction coefficient capable of being changed correspondingly with the sliding friction coefficient of fabric in length direction and/or width direction, and includes two or more kinds of yarn with different surface friction performance and/or different clothing functions; wherein the yarn contains (1) high friction coefficient yarn (such as spandex, sea-island fiber, silica gel yarn, etc.); (2) high-bulkiness yarns (such as DTY draw textured yarns, ATY air textured yarns, spun yarns and the like) and/or (3) general-purpose functional yarns (such as elasticity, heat preservation, ultraviolet protection, peculiar smell removal and the like). The degree of shielding of the high-friction-coefficient yarn by the high-seam-slackened yarn is changed along with the change of the degree of stretching of the fabric to form the change of the contact probability of the high-friction-coefficient yarn with the sliding contact surface, so that the friction coefficient between the fabric and the sliding surface is changed.)

1. a fabric with a dynamic friction coefficient change, the surface sliding friction coefficient of the fabric changes correspondingly with the stretching of the fabric, and the dynamic/static friction coefficient of the fabric sliding relative to the length direction and/or the width direction is changed correspondingly.

2. according to the claim 1, the fabric is woven by utilizing two or more yarns with different surface friction properties and/or different wearing functions according to a certain rule; wherein the yarns are as follows:

1. A high coefficient of friction yarn;

2. High loft yarn; and/or

3. A universal functional yarn.

3. According to claim 2, the high friction coefficient yarn is a yarn having a higher dynamic/static friction coefficient of a surface of the yarn with respect to human skin than that of a Fully Drawn Yarn (FDY) of the same specification, such as spandex, sea-island fiber, silica gel yarn, etc.

4. according to claim 2, the high loft yarn is a yarn having a higher loft than Fully Drawn Yarn (FDY) of the same gauge, such as DTY draw textured yarn, ATY air textured yarn, spun yarn, polybutylene terephthalate fiber (PBT), polytrimethylene terephthalate fiber (PTT), PTT/PET side by side composite yarn, and the like.

5. According to claim 2, the universal functional yarn is functional yarn added for the purpose of providing the fabric with better wearing functions, such as elasticity, heat preservation, ultraviolet protection, peculiar smell removal and the like.

6. According to claims 1 and 2, the principle of the design of the fabric is that the high friction yarns (1) are located above the high loft yarns (2) in the weave structure. Under the condition of no stretching, the yarns (2) below the yarns (1) curl due to the shrinkage of the yarns, and loose fibers/filaments and the like penetrate through gaps among the structures of the yarns (1) to reach the outer surface of the fabric and partially or completely cover the yarns (1), so that the friction coefficient of the surface of the fabric is influenced.

7. According to claims 1, 2 and 6, under the stretching condition, the yarn (2) shrinks back to the position of the yarn (2) because the curled and fluffy staple fibers or filaments are stretched, the covering of the yarn (1) is reduced, the exposed area of the yarn (1) is increased, and the surface friction coefficient of the fabric is increased.

8. the principle of the design of the fabric according to claim 1 is that the high friction yarns (1) are located below the high loft yarns (2) in the weave structure. Under the condition of no stretching, the yarns (2) above the yarns (1) curl the fluffy fibers/filaments of the yarns due to the shrinkage of the yarns, so that the fluffy fibers/filaments completely cover the yarns (1). Under the condition of stretching, the yarn (2) straightens and the coverage of the yarn (1) is reduced, thereby influencing the friction coefficient of the fabric surface.

9. according to claims 1 to 7, additional yarns (3) may be selected to provide additional resilience in case of a need to increase the strength of the fabric elasticity.

10. According to claims 1 to 7, the yarn (3) may also be selected to have this additional function in whole or in part, in case it is desired to combine other functions, such as infrared enhancement, uv protection, anti-bacterial, etc.

11. According to claims 1 and 2, the yarns (1) and (2) are the main yarns of the fabric of the invention, and the yarn (3) is an optional yarn according to the requirement, and can be a plurality of yarns. The warp and weft stretching rate of the fabric is more than or equal to 10 percent, and preferably more than 50 percent.

12. According to claims 1 and 2, the thickness of yarn (1) is between 10 and 1240 deniers, the thickness of yarn (2) is between 8 and 560 deniers and the thickness of yarn (3) is between 8 and 560D.

13. According to claims 1 to 7, the fabric has a coefficient of friction that varies in relation to the direction of stretching and/or the direction of sliding, the inventive concept including unidirectional stretching and multi-angular stretching having this effect.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of textiles, in particular to a textile fabric with a surface which correspondingly changes the friction characteristics (dynamic friction coefficient and static friction coefficient) of a specific material under the conditions of different stretching and relative movement directions of an elastic fabric and a preparation method thereof.

Background

The skin is a complex biological duct that covers the exterior of the human body and is the largest area duct in the human body. Its main functions include protecting the body from external damage, and providing response and sensation to environmental stimuli, thermoregulation, waterproofing, etc. Changes in the external environment, such as a decrease in ambient humidity and/or temperature, can cause the skin to become rough and cause discomfort.

Clothing, particularly underwear, inevitably contacts with the skin during daily use, and particularly, the clothing needs to provide a necessary shielding function for a special part of the body during the wearing process based on the dress etiquette and cultural requirements. However, in the process of high-strength exercise, the clothes are often separated from the original position due to the pulling of the clothes caused by the large deformation of the body, so that the function of shielding the body is lost, and the embarrassment and the loss of the clothes are caused when the user wears the clothes. In order to avoid such situations, the looseness of the corresponding parts of the garment is often reduced in the garment design process, and the pressure of the garment on the skin of a human body is increased so as to generate a larger friction force between the fabric and the skin and prevent possible displacement or 'exposure'. However, this also causes a local obstruction of the blood circulation in the body and a red impression on the skin. The body is uncomfortable to wear and the health of the body is affected by the excessive pressure which is born by the body for a long time.

The relative movement of the material with respect to the skin surface of the human body and the consequent influence on the physiological and psychological senses have therefore gained increasing attention in the 21 st century. Li Wei et al (journal of biomedical engineering, 2007; 24 (4): 824-828) "the friction characteristics of the skin of different anatomical regions of the human body are closely related to the age, and the difference of the friction coefficients between the skins of the anatomical regions of the human body becomes more and less obvious with the increase of the age; the friction coefficient of the skin of the human body in the same age group is not greatly different between the sexes; the friction coefficient of the skin of the same anatomical part of the human body at different ages can be obviously different. In the study on the friction characteristics of artificial limb materials and human skin (journal of biomedical engineering, 2008, 25(5), p.107), the inventor reports that "excessive friction (piston movement) between a cavity and the skin increases the tendency of the stump to generate edema and accelerates the abrasion and aging of the materials". The team discovers that through research on the surface friction characteristics of the artificial limb material: has large friction coefficient with skin, no relative sliding, small damage to the skin, soft texture, buffering and damping effects on bone protrusion parts, sensitive parts and the like, and is a material suitable for being directly contacted with the skin. Li Wei et al reported that "normal calf skin, wearing prosthetic skin and stump scar skin all had a higher coefficient of friction than the dry environment in a sweat environment" and that "sweat all enhanced the discomfort of friction of different skins", by a study of the effect of sweat on skin properties (proceedings of tribology, 28(1): P.88). Tangwe et al also report (journal of biomedical engineering, 2009, 26(3): P.524) "skin surface temperature changes affect skin fluidity and extensibility in that as skin temperature decreases, the coefficient of friction and normal displacement exhibit a tendency to decrease before becoming constant; deformation friction and adhesion friction are the main friction mechanisms ".

From the above documents, the inventors can point out that the frictional properties of the material and the human skin significantly affect the comfort and functionality of the clothing product. Relevant reports are found by searching a patent database by keywords 'friction coefficient', 'fabric' and 'comfort', and typical relevant patents are summarized as follows:

"a high strength anti-slip fabric" (CN201720708220.9) discloses a production design method of woven geotextile and short fiber geotextile. The weaving geotextile is woven by warp and weft, the warp and weft are polypropylene weaving yarns, the short fiber geotextile is needle-punched polypropylene short fiber geotextile or polyester short fiber geotextile, a glass fiber layer is arranged between the weaving geotextile and the short fiber geotextile, the upper surface of the weaving geotextile is provided with latticed reinforcing ribs, the upper surface of the weaving geotextile is provided with hemispherical convex points, each grid center of the reinforcing ribs is provided with one convex point, the highest point of the convex points is higher than the upper end surface of the reinforcing ribs, and the lower surface of the short fiber geotextile is provided with a singeing layer. The antiskid material (CN201621011333.5) has an antiskid function formed by a body, and coarse stripes and fine stripes arranged on the body. The patent "weft stretch interlining and method of making it" (CN200680055404.4) describes: in order to provide a stretch lining material having a weft elongation of 8% or more without impairing slipperiness, polyester-based long fibers or cellulose-based long fibers having a twist multiplier (K) of 2000 to 15000 are used as warp yarns, polyester-based long fibers or cellulose-based long fibers having substantially no twist are used as weft yarns, and monofilaments of the long fibers used in the warp yarns are bundled together to round the cross-sectional shape of the warp yarns, and the warp yarns are increased in bending hardness relative to the weft yarns, whereby the weft yarns of the fabric can be easily provided with a crimp. Due to the above characteristics, the lining cloth thus obtained can inhibit the slippage and oppression feeling of the seam when wearing; "preparation of a fabric with a cool to the touch" (cn201610226133.x) reports: firstly, treating the fabric by adopting cellulase, and then finishing the cool silicone oil on the fabric to ensure that the surface of the fabric becomes smooth and soft, the fiber rigidity is reduced, the thermal resistance and the wet resistance are reduced, the friction coefficient is reduced, and the fabric is endowed with a contact cool feeling and a smooth texture; "a non-slip fabric" (CN201510568048.7) describes: the main structure comprises an anti-skid layer, a fabric, an upper surface and a lower surface, the fabric of the cloth cover structure is composed of the upper surface and the lower surface, the anti-skid layer is attached to the upper surface in a sticking mode, the anti-skid fabric composed of the anti-skid layer and the fabric is combined, the fabric has comfortability and anti-skid performance, an acrylate anti-skid agent is attached to the surface of one side of the fabric by a printing, coating or spraying processing method, the friction coefficient of the surface is increased, the surface and a contact object of the surface are prevented from sliding relatively, the anti-skid surface of the fabric cannot be uneven, and the fabric cannot fall off or lose efficacy after being washed for many times; similarly, a number of patents disclose the use of different structures built into the fabric surface to achieve a slip resistant effect. For example: the novel anti-skid tablecloth comprises a piece of embossed moisture-conducting breathable anti-skid tablecloth (CN103783914A), a piece of patterned moisture-conducting breathable anti-skid tablecloth (CN201210417685.0) and a piece of embossed comfortable and freely dynamic anti-skid tablecloth (CN 201210382900.8); the Chinese invention patent CN 201710625211.8 reports that a fabric type self-lubricating composite material is obtained by weaving polytetrafluoroethylene and aramid fibers, performing surface treatment on a sodium naphthalene complex solution, impregnating a mixture of epoxy resin and phenolic resin, and then performing hot press molding. The product of the invention has excellent antifriction and wear resistance and good adhesive property.

in view of the above, prior studies have indicated that the relative friction of the material with the skin not only has an effect on the skin physiology, but also influences the psychophysiological comfort by irritation of the skin. The long-term wearing of overly-stressed garments to prevent improper displacement of the garment further affects the circulatory system within the body. There have been patent publications on increasing the friction coefficient of the surface of a material by various methods through the search of patent databases, but none of them has been combined with the demand of human body to provide smooth and comfortable wearing conditions under the condition of low exercise amount, low friction coefficient; under the condition of high movement amount, the friction coefficient of the surface of the fabric can be correspondingly increased, so that the fabric can provide larger friction force under the same positive pressure condition.

disclosure of Invention

to provide a better wearing experience for the garment to the consumer, so that the consumer can experience a smooth, comfortable feel at low levels of exercise and reduce the likelihood of improper shifting of the garment at high levels of exercise, the inventors herein report a fabric having a fabric surface with a coefficient of friction that varies accordingly with the degree of openness of the fabric. The fabric with low friction coefficient under the condition of small opening degree and high friction coefficient under the condition of large opening degree is realized. Thereby effectively improving the experience of the user.

The friction between two relatively sliding or rolling solid surfaces is only related to the interaction of the contacting surface tones, and not to the internal state of the solid, in the lubricated state absorbs friction between films or other surface films. Strictly speaking human skin is a viscoelastic material which has metabolic properties and is capable of hydration and therefore it is not certain whether it has a coefficient of static friction corresponding to a viscoelastic material such as human skin. And the coefficient of dynamic friction is also related to the sliding speed.

The invention relates to a design and a preparation method of a fabric with a dynamic friction coefficient. The fabric surface sliding friction coefficient is correspondingly changed along with the stretching of the fabric, and the dynamic/static friction coefficient of the fabric sliding relative to the length direction and/or the width direction is correspondingly changed. This effect is achieved by the following method:

The fabric is woven by two or more yarns with different surface friction properties and/or different wearing functions according to a certain rule; wherein the yarns are as follows:

1) A high coefficient of friction yarn;

2) High loft yarn; and/or

3) A universal functional yarn.

The yarn (1) with high friction coefficient is a yarn with the surface of the yarn having higher dynamic/static friction coefficient relative to the skin of human body than the fully drawn and wound yarn (FDY), such as spandex, sea-island fiber, silica gel yarn, etc.

The high-bulkiness yarn (2) is a yarn with bulkiness higher than that of fully drawn and wound yarn (FDY), such as DTY drawn textured yarn, ATY air textured yarn, spun yarn, polybutylene terephthalate fiber (PBT), polytrimethylene terephthalate fiber (PTT), PTT/PET parallel composite yarn and the like;

the universal functional yarn (3) is added with other functional yarns for better clothes function, such as elasticity, heat preservation, ultraviolet resistance, odor removal and the like. Therefore, the functional yarn (3) can be one yarn, and various yarns can be used in the actual fabric design to realize multiple functions simultaneously.

The principle of the fabric design is as follows:

The high friction coefficient yarn (1) is positioned above the high loft yarn (2) in the weave structure. Under the condition of no stretching, the yarns (2) below the yarns (1) curl due to the shrinkage of the yarns, and loose fibers/filaments and the like penetrate through gaps among the structures of the yarns (1) to reach the outer surface of the fabric and partially or completely cover the yarns (1), so that the friction coefficient of the surface of the fabric is influenced. Under the stretching condition, the yarn (2) shrinks back to the position of the yarn (2) because the curled and fluffy short fibers or filaments are stretched, the exposed area of the yarn (1) is increased due to the reduction of the covering of the yarn (1), and the surface friction coefficient of the fabric is improved.

the high friction coefficient yarn (1) is positioned below the high loft yarn (2) in the weave structure. Under the condition of no stretching, the yarns (2) above the yarns (1) curl the fluffy fibers/filaments of the yarns due to the shrinkage of the yarns, so that the fluffy fibers/filaments completely cover the yarns (1). Under the condition of stretching, the yarn (2) straightens and the coverage of the yarn (1) is reduced, thereby influencing the friction coefficient of the fabric surface.

in the case where it is desired to increase the strength of the fabric's elasticity, additional yarns (3) may be selected to provide additional elasticity. The yarn (3) can also be selected to have all or part of the additional functional yarn in the case that other functions are required to be compounded, such as infrared enhancement, ultraviolet protection, antibiosis and the like.

The yarns (1) and (2) are the main yarns of the fabric, and the yarn (3) is optional yarn according to the requirement and can be various yarns. The warp and weft stretching rate of the fabric is more than or equal to 10 percent, and preferably more than 50 percent.

the thickness of the yarn (1) is 10-1240 deniers, the thickness of the yarn (2) is 8-560 deniers, and the thickness of the yarn (3) is 8-560D.

The change of the friction coefficient of the fabric is related to the stretching direction and/or the sliding direction, and the invention principle comprises that the unidirectional stretching and the multi-angle stretching have the effect.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENT (S) OF INVENTION

Example one: weft knitting

In accordance with the principles of the present invention, a weft knitting machine is selected for practice, the yarns selected in this example being:

(1) High-friction yarn: elastane 70D (spandex with a thickness of 70 denier)

(2) High-loft threads: PA 640D/34F SD DTY (thickness of 40 denier, gloss of semi-gloss, number of fibers 34 single 6 elastic nylon)

(3) General-purpose functional yarn: elastic yarn, Elastan 20D (spandex basic structure with thickness of 20 denier is selected from common single-side plain weave structure of weft knitting), and used yarn (1) and yarn (3) are used, wherein the yarn (1) and the yarn (2) form a floating structure together.

As shown in figure 1, the effect of the change of the back floating thread structure of the fabric technology before and after stretching is given. From fig. 1(a) we see that the high loft yarns (2) can largely occlude the high friction yarns (1) before the fabric is stretched, so that the chances of the yarns (1) coming into contact with the skin are relatively low when the human skin comes into contact with the bottom surface of the fabric and there is relative movement, presenting a relatively low coefficient of friction; fig. 1(b) shows that after being stretched, the yarns (2) are stretched, the opening degree of the yarns (2) is increased to gradually reduce the bulkiness of the yarns (2), the filaments are changed from bulkiness to a shape close to a straight strip, the covering performance of the yarns (1) is reduced, so that more parts of the yarns (1) are exposed, the chances that the yarns (1) are contacted with the skin in the actual use process are increased, and the characteristics of higher friction coefficient are represented.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an example of a single-side plain weave. The fabric is measured for the change of the friction coefficient in different relative sliding directions under different stretching conditions by an elastic fabric surface friction characteristic measuring device (see another Chinese patent application of the inventor, an elastic fabric surface friction characteristic measuring device and a method). The basic principle of the measuring method is that the fabric is stretched quantitatively in the length direction or the width direction, then a cubic slider with fixed weight is placed on the surface of the fabric to slide linearly at a constant speed in a certain direction, the change of traction force in the process of linear motion from rest to constant speed of the slider is recorded, and the static and dynamic friction coefficients of the fabric relative to the sliding surface of the slider are calculated.

FIG. 3 summarizes the lengthwise sliding of the slider of the measuring instrument when the fabric of example was stretched lengthwise (0%, 20%, 40% and 100%). Measured when the fabric was stretched and measured as described above, the maximum static coefficients of friction were 0.537 ± 0.024, 0.561 ± 0.020, 0.563 ± 0.024 and 0.626 ± 0.045, respectively; the coefficient of dynamic friction is 0.530 + -0.025, 0.558 + -0.024, 0.556 + -0.026 and 0.625 + -0.048. The value increases by 16.6% after 100% stretching compared to the maximum static coefficient of friction for the original unstretched and 100% stretched condition. Similar results were shown for each stretching condition.

FIG. 4 summarizes the change in coefficient of friction of a fabric of the example as it is stretched in the width direction. When the fabric was stretched in the width direction (0%, 20%, 40% and 100%), the sliding block of the measuring instrument was slid in the width direction. The measured maximum static friction coefficients of the fabric are 0.479 +/-0.035, 0.494 +/-0.049, 0.547 +/-0.044 and 0.636 +/-0.054 respectively when the fabric is stretched and measured according to the conditions; the coefficient of dynamic friction was 0.461. + -. 0.033, 0.479. + -. 0.051, 0.535. + -. 0.045 and 0.638. + -. 0.057. Similarly, the coefficient of dynamic friction with respect to sliding in the width direction increased by 38.4% after stretching 100% in the width direction.

example two: warp knitting

In accordance with the principles of the present invention, a warp knitting machine is selected for practice, the yarns selected in this example being:

(1) high-friction yarn: elastane 70D (70 denier spandex);

(2) high-loft threads: PA 640D/34F SD DTY (40 denier thick, half gloss, 34 fibers 6 elastic nylon);

(3) General-purpose functional yarn: an elastic yarn, Elastan 20D (spandex with a thickness of 20 denier).

Further, the upper weaving mode of the warp knitting fabric in fig. 5 is:

GB1:0-1/1-1/3-2/2-2// yarn (3) is as shown in the green threading mode: 1, penetrating 1 and 1;

GB2:1-0/2-3/1-0/2-3// yarn (1) + yarn (2) is threaded in the red color as shown in the figure: fully penetrating;

GB3:1-2/1-0/1-2/1-0// yarn (3) is threaded in black as shown in the figure: and (5) fully penetrating.

As seen from figure 5a, the fabric is retracted due to elasticity of spandex before stretching, and the surface feels nylon feeling is strong due to the fluffy feeling of the yarn (2). after the fabric is stretched in figure 5(b), the fabric density is reduced and the fluffy feeling of DTY is weakened and tends to FDY, so that the spandex of the yarn (1) is exposed to a large extent, and the yarn (1) feels anti-skid, so that the anti-skid effect is achieved.

While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Brief description of the drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of the effect of the change before and after stretching of the reverse floats structure of the inventive fabric process wherein (a) the fabric is in a pre-stretched state and (b) the fabric is in a post-stretched state;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a single side plain weave;

FIG. 3 shows the change in the coefficient of friction along the length of a fabric stretched lengthwise according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 4 shows the change in coefficient of friction of a fabric stretched widthwise according to an embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 5 is a functional schematic representation of a warp knit design, wherein (a) shows a schematic representation of the fabric structure before stretching and (b) shows a schematic representation of the fabric structure after stretching.