阅读说明：本技术 一种电子机械液压线控制动器 (Electronic mechanical hydraulic line control brake ) 是由 董颖 常占辉 于 2019-08-20 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种电子机械液压线控制动器,包括电机,传动机构,齿轮,齿条,活塞,液压系统等。电机通过传动机构驱动齿轮转动,通过齿轮齿条机构和液压系统分别驱动活塞和制动钳体向相反的方向移动,从制动盘两侧以相同的力将摩擦片压紧,同时避免了液压系统失效以及长时间持续制动工作可能造成的影响。本发明结构简单,工作可靠,制动效率高,能自动调节制动间隙,并补偿由于摩擦片磨损造成的影响,简化控制系统的设计,可用于行车制动及驻车制动。(The invention relates to an electronic mechanical hydraulic line control brake, which comprises a motor, a transmission mechanism, a gear, a rack, a piston, a hydraulic system and the like. The motor drives the gear to rotate through the transmission mechanism, the piston and the brake caliper body are respectively driven to move in opposite directions through the gear rack mechanism and the hydraulic system, the friction plates are pressed tightly from two sides of the brake disc with the same force, and meanwhile, the influences possibly caused by the failure of the hydraulic system and the long-time continuous braking work are avoided. The invention has simple structure, reliable work and high braking efficiency, can automatically adjust the braking clearance, compensate the influence caused by the abrasion of the friction plate, simplify the design of a control system and can be used for service braking and parking braking.)

1. An electronic mechanical hydraulic line control brake comprises a motor, a transmission mechanism, a gear, a rack, a piston, a large sealing ring, a liquid supplementing tank, a one-way valve, a pressure limiting valve, a throttling hole, a brake caliper body, a brake disc and a friction plate; the method is characterized in that: the friction plates are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the brake disc, one friction plate is arranged on the piston, and the other friction plate is arranged on the brake caliper body; the motor is connected with a power input element of the transmission mechanism, and a power output element of the transmission mechanism is connected with the gear; the gear is meshed with the rack, and the rack is arranged on the brake caliper body and comprises a rack with a curved surface structure with a certain curvature at one end; the piston is arranged in an installation hole on the brake caliper body through the large sealing ring, one end of the piston is provided with the friction plate, and the other end of the piston is provided with a curved surface structure corresponding to the curved surface structure of the rack; a hydraulic cavity is arranged between the curved surface end of the piston and the curved surface end of the rack; the hydraulic cavity is connected with the liquid supplementing tank through the one-way valve; the hydraulic cavity is connected with the liquid supplementing tank through the pressure limiting valve, and the throttling hole is arranged between the pressure limiting valve and the hydraulic cavity.

2. The electro-mechanical hydraulic brake-by-wire of claim 1, wherein: the curved surface end of the piston is in direct contact with the curved surface end of the rack to form a contact curved surface, and the contact curved surface can be a slope, a circular arc surface, a hyperbolic surface, a parabolic surface and the like or a combination of the curved surfaces.

3. The electro-mechanical hydraulic brake-by-wire of claim 2, wherein: a gap is reserved between the piston and the mounting hole in the brake caliper body, the size of the gap is larger than the feedback of the deformation between the contact of the friction plate and the brake disc and the generation of the maximum braking efficiency on the contact curved surface of the piston and the rack in the braking work, and the size of the gap is smaller than the feedback of the free gap between the friction plate and the brake disc on the contact curved surface of the piston and the rack.

4. The electro-mechanical hydraulic brake-by-wire of claim 1, wherein: and a pressing mechanism is adopted between the rack and the brake caliper body to ensure the normal meshing of the gear and the rack and prevent the gear from being disengaged when the automobile bumps.

5. The electro-mechanical hydraulic brake-by-wire of claim 1, wherein: and a sealing device is arranged between the rack and the brake caliper body.

6. The electro-mechanical hydraulic brake-by-wire of claim 1, wherein: the brake caliper further comprises a rolling support on a support surface between the rack and the brake caliper body, so that friction resistance is reduced, and the working efficiency of the system is improved.

7. The electro-mechanical hydraulic brake-by-wire of claim 2, wherein: the piston is matched with the curved surface of the rack by adopting a roller mechanism to reduce the friction resistance.

8. The electro-mechanical hydraulic brake-by-wire of claim 1, wherein: when no transmission link with zero reverse efficiency exists in the transmission mechanism, parking braking under the condition of power failure of the motor is realized by adopting a locking mechanism, the locking mechanism adopts an electromagnetic brake or an electric control mechanical braking device and can be disconnected when being powered on, a transmission element in a transmission link is fixed when the power failure occurs, the pressure between the friction plate and the brake disc is kept, and the parking braking function is realized; when the transmission mechanism is provided with a transmission link with the reverse efficiency of zero, the parking brake can be realized by using the locking mechanism, and the parking brake under the condition of motor power failure can also be realized by using the transmission link with the reverse efficiency of zero and incapable reverse transmission of power and motion.

Technical Field

the invention relates to the field of brakes, in particular to a brake-by-wire brake which can replace the existing floating caliper disc type hydraulic brake, realize that friction plates clamp a brake disc from two sides with the same pressure in an electric control mechanical hydraulic mode, and realize adjustable brake clearance and adjustable brake strength, and particularly relates to an electronic mechanical hydraulic brake-by-wire brake.

Background

The brake-by-wire technology is a novel brake technology appearing in recent years, a control system receives information of a sensor to control a motor to work without depending on mechanical or hydraulic connection between a brake and a brake pedal, and stable and reliable brake control of an automobile is realized. At present, there are two main types of electronic hydraulic brake systems (EHB) and electronic mechanical brake systems (EMB). The brake-by-wire system is beneficial to optimizing the braking performance of the whole vehicle, and can be conveniently integrated with other electronic control systems such as ABS, ASR, ESP and the like, so that the system has wide development space.

The electronic hydraulic brake system (EHB) is formed by transforming the traditional hydraulic brake system, the braking process is quicker and more stable, the braking safety and the comfort of an automobile are improved, but the hydraulic part is kept, and the characteristics of hydraulic oil pressure establishment, pressure oil flow energy transfer and the like still exist, so the electronic hydraulic brake system does not have all the advantages of a complete wire control brake system, and is generally regarded as an advanced product of an electronic mechanical brake system (EMB).

An electronic mechanical brake system (EMB) drives a mechanical mechanism through a motor to realize a braking process, so that the structure of the brake system is greatly simplified, and the brake is easier to arrange, assemble and overhaul. However, the conventional electromechanical braking system often lacks a function of automatically adjusting the braking clearance at the brake part, so that the problem that the efficiency of a brake actuator is variable under the conditions of external environment change and friction plate abrasion of the brake is caused, and certain difficulty is brought to the control of the braking efficiency. Meanwhile, when the mechanical transmission part needs to realize a larger transmission ratio, the mechanical transmission part often has the conditions of larger size, higher space requirement and the like, so that most of brakes have the problems of more complex structure, larger installation size and the like.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an electromechanical hydraulic brake-by-wire. The invention has the advantages of simple structure, reliable work and the like, can realize the automatic adjustment of the brake clearance, utilizes the advantages of small space, large transmission ratio and the like of the hydraulic system by the matching of the hydraulic system and the mechanical system, simultaneously avoids the phenomena of sensitivity reduction and the like caused by the problems of the flow of hydraulic oil, pressure establishment and the like in the hydraulic system, and also carries out structural design aiming at the conditions of failure of the hydraulic system, long-time continuous braking and the like.

The technical scheme for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows:

the electro-mechanical hydraulic line control brake comprises a motor, a transmission mechanism, a gear, a rack, a piston, a large sealing ring, a liquid supplementing tank, a one-way valve, a pressure limiting valve, a throttling hole, a brake caliper body, a brake disc and a friction plate; the method is characterized in that: the friction plates are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the brake disc, one friction plate is arranged on the piston, and the other friction plate is arranged on the brake caliper body; the motor is connected with a power input element of the transmission mechanism, and a power output element of the transmission mechanism is connected with the gear; the gear is meshed with the rack, and the rack is arranged on the brake caliper body and comprises a rack with a curved surface structure with a certain curvature at one end; the piston is arranged in an installation hole on the brake caliper body through the large sealing ring, one end of the piston is provided with the friction plate, and the other end of the piston is provided with a curved surface structure corresponding to the curved surface structure of the rack; a hydraulic cavity is arranged between the curved surface end of the piston and the curved surface end of the rack; the hydraulic cavity is connected with the liquid supplementing tank through the one-way valve; the hydraulic cavity is connected with the liquid supplementing tank through the pressure limiting valve, and the throttling hole is arranged between the pressure limiting valve and the hydraulic cavity.

The curved surface end of the piston is in direct contact with the curved surface end of the rack to form a contact curved surface, and the contact curved surface can be a slope, a circular arc surface, a hyperbolic surface, a parabolic surface and the like or a combination of the curved surfaces.

A gap is reserved between the piston and the mounting hole in the brake caliper body, the size of the gap is larger than the feedback of the deformation between the contact of the friction plate and the brake disc and the generation of the maximum braking efficiency on the contact curved surface of the piston and the rack in the braking work, and the size of the gap is smaller than the feedback of the free gap between the friction plate and the brake disc on the contact curved surface of the piston and the rack. When the piston and the rack curved surface end are contacted, the friction plate is contacted with the brake disc, and the friction force acts to produce relative movement on the curved surface between the piston and the rack, so that the self-energizing effect is realized, and when the maximum braking strength is reached, the piston is not contacted with the mounting hole. When the friction plate and the brake disc are contacted due to impurities or unevenness between the friction plate and the brake disc, relative movement can be generated on the contact curved surface, and the piston is contacted with the mounting hole before the free gap is completely eliminated, so that the self-boosting effect can not occur.

And a pressing mechanism is adopted between the rack and the brake caliper body to ensure the normal meshing of the gear and the rack and prevent the gear from being disengaged when the automobile bumps.

And a sealing device is arranged between the rack and the brake caliper body.

The brake caliper further comprises a rolling support on a support surface between the rack and the brake caliper body, so that friction resistance is reduced, and the working efficiency of the system is improved.

The piston is matched with the curved surface of the rack by adopting a roller mechanism to reduce the friction resistance.

When no transmission link with zero reverse efficiency exists in the transmission mechanism, parking braking under the condition of power failure of the motor is realized by adopting a locking mechanism, the locking mechanism adopts an electromagnetic brake or an electric control mechanical braking device and can be disconnected when being powered on, a transmission element in a transmission link is fixed when the power failure occurs, the pressure between the friction plate and the brake disc is kept, and the parking braking function is realized; when the transmission mechanism is provided with a transmission link with the reverse efficiency of zero, the parking brake can be realized by using the locking mechanism, and the parking brake under the condition of motor power failure can also be realized by using the transmission link with the reverse efficiency of zero and incapable reverse transmission of power and motion.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a front view of a first embodiment of an electro-mechanical hydraulic brake-by-wire of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a plan view of a second embodiment of the electromechanical hydraulic brake-by-wire of the present invention.

The description is marked in the drawings: 1-brake caliper support 2-guide pin 3-brake caliper body 4-rack (4A: lower rack, 4B: upper rack) 5-drive gear 6-fluid supplement tank 7-worm wheel 8-motor 9-motor shaft 10-electromagnetic brake 11-worm 12-large sealing ring 13-small sealing ring 14-sun gear 15-orifice 16-friction plate 17-brake disc 18-electromagnetic coil 19-return spring 20-locking pin 21-planetary gear 22-one-way valve 23-pressure limiting valve 24-gear ring 25-planet carrier 26-piston

Detailed Description

An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to fig. 1.

As shown in fig. 1, an electromechanical hydraulic brake-by-wire brake comprises a caliper body (3) which can be moved on a guide pin (2), the guide pin (2) being fixed to a caliper support (1). A brake disc (17) is arranged in a jaw of the brake caliper body (3), friction plates (16) are arranged on two sides of the brake disc (17), one is arranged on the brake caliper body (3), the other is arranged on a piston (26), the piston (26) is arranged on the brake caliper body (3) through a large sealing ring (12), the other end of the piston (26) is provided with an inclined surface and is oppositely arranged with a lower rack (4A) which is also provided with the inclined surface, the lower rack (4A) is arranged on the brake caliper body (3) through a small sealing ring (13), the part of the lower rack (4A) which is meshed with the gear (5) is supported on the brake caliper body (3), an upper rack (4B) is arranged on the brake caliper body (3) corresponding to the lower rack (4A), a gear (5) is arranged between the lower rack (4A) and the upper rack (4B), the gear (5) is fixedly connected with a worm wheel (7) in a worm and worm gear transmission mechanism, and a worm (11) is fixedly arranged on a motor shaft (9, is driven by a motor (8). A hydraulic cavity is arranged between the piston (26) and the lower rack (4A), and the acting area of the lower rack (4A) on the hydraulic cavity is smaller than that of the piston (26) on the hydraulic cavity. The hydraulic cavity is connected with the liquid supplementing tank (6) through a one-way valve (22), meanwhile, the hydraulic cavity is connected with the liquid supplementing tank (6) through a pressure limiting valve (23), and an orifice (15) is arranged between the pressure limiting valve (23) and the hydraulic cavity.

When the brake works, the motor (8) drives the worm (11) to rotate, the worm wheel (7) is driven to rotate in a speed reduction mode, the gear (5) is driven to rotate clockwise, the upper rack (4B) moves rightwards, the lower rack (4A) moves leftwards, pressure in the hydraulic cavity is increased, the piston (26) and the brake caliper body (3) are pushed to move in opposite directions, the friction plates (16) are driven to press the brake disc (17) from two sides with the same force, and efficient and reliable brake effect is achieved. When the brake is released, the motor (8) drives the worm gear mechanism to rotate reversely, the gear (5) is driven to rotate reversely, the piston (26) and the brake caliper body (3) move relatively, and all elements recover to the initial positions.

When the friction plate (16) is abraded and the thickness is reduced, and the brake is in work, the motor (8) drives the gear (5) to rotate clockwise through the worm gear mechanism, the piston (26) and the brake caliper body (3) are pushed to move relatively through the hydraulic cavity, when the elastic deformation of the large sealing ring (12) reaches the maximum, the brake effect is poor due to abrasion of the friction plate (16), at the moment, the gear (5) is driven by the motor (8) to continue to rotate, namely, the rack and the brake caliper body (3) continue to move relatively, and the piston (26) continues to move relative to the large sealing ring (12) until the required brake strength is achieved. When braking is relieved, the motor (8) drives the worm gear mechanism to rotate reversely, the gear (5) rotates reversely, the rack and the brake caliper body (3) move relatively to restore to an initial working position, the piston (26) moves back to a balance position relative to the brake caliper body (3) under the action of the large sealing ring (12), due to abrasion of the friction plate, the pressure in the hydraulic cavity is reduced, the check valve (22) is opened, oil flows into the hydraulic cavity from the liquid supplementing tank (6), and volume change caused by abrasion of the friction plate is compensated. The return of the piston (26) is realized through a large sealing ring (12) and is the same as that of the traditional hydraulic disc brake, so that the brake clearance is kept consistent with that before abrasion, and the automatic adjustment of the brake clearance is realized.

When the hydraulic system fails and pressure cannot be built in the hydraulic cavity, the motor (8) can drive the gear rack mechanism to enable the lower rack (4A) to be in direct contact with the piston (26) through the curved surface end, and the friction plate (16) is pushed to press the brake disc (17) from two sides. When the friction plate (16) contacts with the brake disc (17) to generate friction force, the piston (26) moves relative to the lower rack (4A) due to the friction force and the curved surface action between the piston and the rack, so that the self-energizing effect is realized, and larger braking strength can be obtained by using smaller motor power. When the maximum braking strength is reached, the piston (26) and the mounting hole are not in contact.

When the brake is continuously operated for a long time, the temperature of the brake rises to cause the pressure in the hydraulic cavity to rise, and when the pressure rises to a certain value, the pressure limiting valve (23) is opened to avoid damage. The orifice (15) is used to eliminate the effect of pressure fluctuations.

When parking braking is needed, the motor (8) drives the friction plate (16) to press the brake disc (17) to meet the requirement of parking braking, when the reverse efficiency of the worm (11) and the worm wheel (7) is zero, the power can be cut off after the motor (8) is electrified to achieve the effect of parking braking, and the parking braking under the condition that the motor (8) is cut off is realized by utilizing the self-locking function of the worm and gear mechanism. The motor shaft (9) can be released when the electromagnetic brake (10) is powered on, and the motor shaft (9) is locked when the power is off, so that the braking efficiency is kept unchanged, and the parking brake under the condition that the motor (8) is powered off is realized. Or the electric control mechanical braking device is utilized to realize the parking braking function: when the electromagnetic coil (18) is electrified, the locking pin (20) is under the action of electromagnetic force, and the return spring (19) is compressed, so that the locking pin (20) is not in contact with the gear (5), and the brake or the release of the brake is not influenced; when parking braking is needed, the motor (8) drives the friction plate (16) to press the brake disc (17) to meet the parking braking requirement, then the electromagnetic coil (18) is powered off, the locking pin (20) is inserted into the teeth of the gear (5) under the elastic force action of the return spring (19), the parking braking effect is kept, and the parking braking function under the condition that the motor (8) is powered off can be achieved.

The embodiment of fig. 2 differs from the embodiment of fig. 1 mainly as follows:

The transmission mechanisms are different, a worm gear mechanism is adopted for transmission in the attached drawing 1, and a worm wheel (7) of a power output element is fixedly connected with a gear (5); in the attached figure 2, a planetary gear mechanism is adopted for transmission, and a power output element planet carrier (25) is fixedly connected with a gear (5).

The parking brake function is realized in a slightly different mode, in the attached figure 1, the parking brake under the condition that the motor (8) is powered off can be directly realized by utilizing the reverse efficiency of the worm gear mechanism as zero; in the attached figure 2, a link with zero reverse efficiency is not included in the transmission mechanism, and only the motor shaft (9) can be released when the electromagnetic brake (10) is powered on, and the motor shaft (9) is locked when the power is off to realize parking braking under the condition that the motor (8) is powered off; or an electric control mechanical braking device is adopted, when the electromagnetic coil (18) is electrified, the locking pin (20) is under the action of electromagnetic force, and the return spring (19) is compressed, so that the locking pin (20) is not in contact with the gear (5), and the braking or releasing of the brake is not influenced; when parking braking is needed, the motor (8) drives the friction plate (16) to press the brake disc (17) to meet the parking braking requirement, then the electromagnetic coil (18) is powered off, the locking pin (20) is inserted into the teeth of the gear (5) under the elastic force action of the return spring (19), the parking braking effect is kept, and the parking braking function under the condition that the motor (8) is powered off can be achieved.

The installation modes of the gear rack mechanisms are different, in the attached figure 1, the position of a gear (5) is relatively fixed, and a lower rack (4A) connected with a hydraulic cavity and an upper rack (4B) on a brake caliper body (3) are respectively driven to move; in the attached figure 2, a gear (5) and a planetary gear mechanism are mounted on a brake caliper body (3) together and meshed with a rack (4) connected with a hydraulic cavity.